CN112075647A - Milling type water chestnut peeling machine - Google Patents

Milling type water chestnut peeling machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112075647A
CN112075647A CN202011124203.3A CN202011124203A CN112075647A CN 112075647 A CN112075647 A CN 112075647A CN 202011124203 A CN202011124203 A CN 202011124203A CN 112075647 A CN112075647 A CN 112075647A
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China
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peeling
pin
cutter
water chestnut
knife
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
梁方
雷淇奥
马丽筠
郭洲
周华力
田炎兴
周嫣嫣
王竞晗
严汉翀
王双双
张国忠
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Huazhong Agricultural University
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Huazhong Agricultural University
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Priority to CN202011124203.3A priority Critical patent/CN112075647A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
    • A23N7/00—Peeling vegetables or fruit
    • A23N7/02—Peeling potatoes, apples or similarly shaped vegetables or fruit
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
    • A23N15/00—Machines or apparatus for other treatment of fruits or vegetables for human purposes; Machines or apparatus for topping or skinning flower bulbs
    • A23N15/04—Devices for topping fruit or vegetables
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
    • A23N7/00—Peeling vegetables or fruit
    • A23N7/10—Driving mechanisms

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a milling type water chestnut peeling machine which comprises a plurality of integrated peeling devices which are symmetrical front and back and left and right, wherein the integrated peeling devices are composed of left and right symmetrical milling parts and a middle transmission part; the peeling single body comprises a peeling shell, a flat knife, a bottom surface knife and a side surface knife, wherein the flat knife, the bottom surface knife and the side surface knife are arranged inside the peeling shell, a blade of the side surface knife is arc-shaped, the length of a knife handle connected with the side surface knife is the maximum value of the radius change of the transverse diameter of the water chestnut, and the knife holder is connected with the knife handle through a buckle and used for realizing the forward and backward movement of the knife handle in the knife holder under the action of a spring. The invention adopts the processes of removing terminal buds by a flat cutter, removing lateral epidermis by a lateral cutter and removing bottom epidermis by a bottom cutter, can simultaneously peel a plurality of water chestnuts, realizes lower peeling loss and higher peeling rate, and greatly improves peeling efficiency.

Description

Milling type water chestnut peeling machine
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water chestnut peeling equipment, in particular to a milling type water chestnut peeling machine.
Background
The water chestnut peeling technology is one of the main reasons influencing the difference of the economic value of water chestnut products. Aiming at the mechanical peeling of the water chestnuts, the friction type and the cutting type are mainly adopted at home and abroad at present. The friction peeling is to peel the water chestnuts by utilizing the dynamic friction contact between the water chestnuts and mechanical parts and the collision between the water chestnuts. The invention discloses a friction type water chestnut peeling machine which is disclosed in the invention with the publication number of CN104473305A, the water chestnuts are placed in a barrel body, a motor is started, power is transmitted to a transmission shaft through belt transmission to drive the water chestnuts in the barrel body to rotate, and under the combined action of stirring and centrifugal force of a stirring device provided with a plurality of rows of stirring rod groups in the radial direction, the water chestnuts and the friction barrel as well as the water chestnuts and the water chestnuts are continuously rubbed, so that the skins of the water chestnuts are abraded. Although the design can peel the water chestnuts in batches, the productivity is effectively improved, but the problems of high pulp loss rate or incomplete peel removal caused by irregular shapes and uneven surfaces of the water chestnuts also exist.
The cutting type peeling is to peel by utilizing the speed difference between the cutter and the fruits and vegetables. Chinese patent No. CN2935836Y utility model discloses a water chestnut peeling machine. The dial-type workbench is driven to rotate by the motor, and the upper and lower surface peels of the water chestnuts positioned in the limiting holes on the workbench are removed under the action of the cutting blade with the cutting edge direction opposite to the rotating direction of the workbench. The water chestnuts with the upper and lower parts removed fall into the side peeling working chamber below the working table through the water chestnut conveying channel. The water chestnuts are peeled off from the lateral epidermis under the action of the upper and lower limiting devices and the rotary peeling knife below. This design adopts the structure of side cutting and upper and lower two-sided cutting combination, can peel alone to the water chestnut side, uses with upper and lower face cutting combination simultaneously, and the structure is compacter, peels efficiently. But the processing process can not adjust for the individual difference of the water chestnuts, the peeling effect is not good, and the pulp loss rate is high. Therefore, the existing water chestnut peeling machines have the problems of high peeling loss rate, low peeling net rate and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a milling type water chestnut peeling machine, and a milling cutter of the peeling machine can adapt to the appearance characteristics of water chestnuts, so that lower peeling loss and higher peeling rate are realized; the top buds, the side faces and the bottom faces of the water chestnuts can be milled and peeled simultaneously in one peeling monomer, and the peeling efficiency is greatly improved.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a milling type water chestnut peeling machine comprises a plurality of integrated peeling devices which are symmetrical front and back and left and right, wherein the integrated peeling devices are composed of left and right symmetrical milling parts and a middle transmission part, each milling part comprises a plurality of groups of peeling monomers, and a transmission area is shared between two adjacent groups of peeling monomers;
the peeling unit comprises a peeling shell, a bottom surface cutter, a flat cutter and a side surface cutter, wherein the bottom surface cutter, the flat cutter and the side surface cutter are arranged in the peeling shell;
the transmission part comprises a plurality of longitudinal bevel gears and transverse bevel gears which are connected through a spline hole shaft and a spline shaft, each longitudinal bevel gear is meshed with the two transverse bevel gears and drives a bevel gear shaft in a transmission area to rotate, and the transmission part is used for enabling an upper contact pin and a lower contact pin for fixing the water chestnuts to rotate in the same direction and at the same speed in the water chestnut peeling process.
Optionally, the integral peeling machine further comprises an integral machine frame, the integral machine frame is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer, an integrated peeling device is arranged in the middle of the upper layer, a transmission chain wheel and a transmission belt wheel are arranged on one side of the integrated peeling device, a motor and a T-shaped steering gear are arranged on the lower layer, the motor is connected with the T-shaped steering gear through a coupling, the transmission belt wheel is in key connection with a bevel gear power output shaft, the bevel gear power output shaft is meshed with a spline shaft through a bevel gear, and the transmission chain wheel enables the integrated peeling devices on the left side and the right.
Optionally, the transmission area includes a pin bevel gear shaft, a pin spring, and an upper pin and a lower pin which are located on the same straight line, wherein the upper pin is connected with the pin shaft through a pre-pressure provided by the pin spring, and the lower pin is connected with the pin bevel gear shaft of the next transmission area; and a pin spring is arranged between the upper pin and the pin bevel gear shaft of the upper transmission area, the elastic force of the pin spring enables the upper pin to be inserted into the top of the water chestnut, and the upper pin moves upwards to leave a placing space before peeling.
Optionally, a water flow inlet is formed in the top end of the integrated peeling device, a protective cover is arranged on the water flow inlet, and water flow is input into the integrated peeling device through the water flow inlet to wash the chufa peels and impurities downwards.
Furthermore, a slag collecting groove is formed in the lower layer of the whole machine frame and is located below the integrated peeling device and used for collecting the water chestnut peels and impurities falling from the hollow parts of the peeling monomers.
Therefore, the milling type water chestnut peeling machine disclosed by the invention at least has the following effects:
firstly, the invention adopts the technology of removing terminal buds by a flat cutter, removing lateral epidermis by a lateral surface cutter and removing basal epidermis by a basal surface cutter. Compared with a friction type peeling machine, the peeling machine has higher peeling rate and smooth surface, meets the edible requirement, and can adopt a method of adding peeling monomers to improve the peeling efficiency. Under the power input of the motor, the peeling of the top buds, the side faces and the bottom faces of the water chestnuts is completed in one process step through the gear transmission mechanism, and meanwhile, the milling effect of the bottom face cutter designed according to the appearance size characteristics of the water chestnuts can reduce the pulp loss on the premise of ensuring the peeling.
Secondly, the milling type water chestnut peeling machine integrates a plurality of peeling monomers in a front-back and left-right symmetrical mode, is attractive and simple in overall structure, can peel a plurality of water chestnuts at the same time, and is high in working efficiency.
Thirdly, the milling type water chestnut peeling machine is driven by the bevel gear, the whole machine is stable and reliable in driving, and multiple times of driving steering can be realized.
Fourthly, the lower contact pins and the upper contact pins of the two peeling monomers adjacent in the vertical direction are driven by the same transmission shaft, so that the whole transmission system is simplified.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the milling type water chestnut peeling machine of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the integrated skinning device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the pulley output of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the construction of the peel-off unit of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a side view of the construction of the peeling cell of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the side cutting edge attachment portion of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the measurement parameters of the water chestnut of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a fitting graph of the overall sizes of the chufa of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the effect of rotational speed on peel loss and net removal rates in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a bar graph of the peel loss and net removal rate for different bottom surface cutter arrangements of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a bar graph of peel loss and net removal rate for different bottom surface cutter lengths according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a graph showing the effect of different side sharpeners of the present invention on peel loss and cleanliness.
Reference numerals: 1-a whole machine frame; 2-an electric motor; 3-a drive sprocket; 4-integrating a peeling device; 5-a driving belt wheel; 6, a slag collecting groove; 7-a T-shaped diverter; 8-transverse bevel gear shaft; 9-a transmission area; 901-inserting a pin bevel gear shaft; 902-pin spring; 903-upper pin; 904, lower contact pin; 905-bevel gear shaft of transmission area; 10-a peeling area; 1001 — peeling shell; 1002-bottom surface cutter; 1003-side cutter; 1004-tool shank; 1005 parts of a cutter holder; 1006-a spring; 1007-side door of peeling area; 1008-rail; 1009 — a blade holder rail; 1010-flat knife; 11-a splined bore shaft; 12-a spline shaft; 13-a water flow input port; 14-bevel gear power take-off shaft; a 15-bond; 16-longitudinal bevel gear; 17-transverse bevel gear.
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.
Detailed Description
Other aspects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, and which illustrate, by way of example, the principles of the invention. In the referenced drawings, the same or similar components in different drawings are denoted by the same reference numerals.
Example 1. The milling type water chestnut peeling machine provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a whole machine frame 1, wherein a motor 2 and a T-shaped steering gear 7 are arranged on the lower layer of the whole machine frame 1, and four integrated peeling devices 4, a transmission chain wheel 3 and a transmission belt wheel 5 are arranged on the upper layer of the whole machine frame 1, as shown in figures 1-6. The motor 2 is connected with the T-shaped steering gear 7 through a coupling, and power is transmitted between the T-shaped steering gear 7 and the transmission belt wheel 5 through belt transmission. The driving pulley 5 is connected to a bevel gear power take-off shaft 14 through a key 15, and the bevel gear power take-off shaft 14 is engaged with the spline shaft 12 through a bevel gear, so that the power of the motor 2 is transmitted to the spline shaft 12. The driving chain wheel 3 enables the integrated peeling devices 4 at the left side and the right side to have the same power input through chain transmission.
As shown in FIG. 2, the integrated skinning device 4 of the present invention is composed of a milling part and a middle transmission part which are symmetrical from side to side. Each milling part comprises three groups of peeling monomers, wherein a transmission area 9 is shared between two adjacent groups of peeling monomers, the middle transmission part comprises four longitudinal bevel gears 16, the four longitudinal bevel gears 16 are connected through a spline hole shaft 11 and a spline shaft 12, and each longitudinal bevel gear 16 is meshed with two transverse bevel gears 17. The four longitudinal bevel gears 16 and the eight transverse bevel gears 17 form a transmission part of the integrated peeling device 4, and the four longitudinal bevel gears and the eight transverse bevel gears are meshed with each other and drive a transmission area bevel gear shaft 905 to rotate, so that the upper contact pin 903 and the lower contact pin 904 are finally ensured to rotate in the same direction and at the same speed. An integrated peeling device 4 can ensure that at most six water chestnuts are milled and peeled simultaneously.
As shown in fig. 4-6, the peeling unit of the present invention comprises a peeling region 10 and two driving regions 9 adjacent thereto.
The peeling zone 10 includes: the peeling shell 1001, the bottom surface cutter 1002, the flat cutter 1010 and the side surface cutter 1003 are all installed inside the peeling shell 1001, and blades of the side surface cutter 1003 are arc-shaped and are designed according to the fitting curve of the external dimension characteristic of the water chestnuts. The length of the handle 1004 connected with the handle is the maximum change value of the radius of the transverse diameter of the water chestnut. The tool apron 1005 and the tool shank 1004 are connected by a snap-fit connection, that is, the end of the tool shank 1004 and the inlet of the tool apron 1005 are both provided with an annular protrusion, and when the tool shank 1004 is installed, force is applied to the end of the tool shank 1004 so that the tool shank can be clamped into the tool apron 1005. This connection facilitates assembly and disassembly of the tool shank 1004 and provides a more secure connection to the tool holder 1005. Shank 1004 is movable back and forth in holder 1005 by a boss on holder 1005, i.e., holder rail 1009. The spring 1006 fits over the holder rail 1009. The presence of the biasing pressure on the spring 1006 will apply pressure to the handle 1004 to ensure that the side blade 1003 will reliably abut the surface of the water chestnut. The peeling area side door 1007 can move up and down through a rail 1008 reserved on the peeling shell 1001, and the peeling area side door 1007 is usually positioned at the lowest end of the rail 1008 under the action of gravity.
The transmission area 9 includes: the pin inserting device comprises a pin inserting bevel gear shaft 901, a pin inserting spring 902, an upper pin 903 and a lower pin 904 which are positioned on the same straight line, wherein the upper pin 903 is connected with the pin inserting shaft through pre-pressure provided by the pin inserting spring 902, and the lower pin 904 is connected with the pin inserting bevel gear shaft 901 of a next transmission area. A pin spring 902 is arranged between the upper pin 903 and a pin bevel gear shaft 901 of the upper transmission area, the elasticity of the pin spring 902 can enable the upper pin 903 to be inserted into the top of the water chestnut, and the upper pin 903 is moved upwards to leave a placing space before peeling.
The milling type water chestnut peeling machine comprises the following working processes: during work, an operator manually lifts the side door 1007 and the upper contact pin 903 of the peeling area, the water chestnuts are vertically placed into the peeling unit, the bottom of the water chestnuts is inserted into the lower contact pin 904 for fixation, and the upper contact pin 903 is inserted into the top of the water chestnuts. The power supply is switched on, the motor 2 transmits power to the T-shaped steering gear 7, the T-shaped steering gear 7 drives the input shaft of the right integrated peeling device 4 through the transmission belt wheel 5, the transmission chain wheel 3 which is coaxially arranged drives the input shaft of the left integrated peeling device 4 to rotate through the chain, and the power input of the four integrated peeling devices 4 is the same. The middle transmission part of the integrated peeling device 4 drives the transmission area bevel gear shafts 905 of the left peeling unit and the right peeling unit to rotate through the transverse bevel gear shaft 8, the transmission area bevel gear shafts 905 are meshed with the contact pin bevel gear shafts 901 to drive the upper contact pins 903 and the lower contact pins 904 of the peeling units to rotate, the upper contact pins 903 and the lower contact pins 904 of the same unit act on the same water chestnut to drive the water chestnut to rotate, and the water chestnut is contacted with the flat knife 1010, the side-face cutters 1003 arranged on the side faces and the bottom-face cutters 1002 arranged on the bottom faces to remove the water chestnut peel, the peeling process is finished, an operator manually lifts the side door 1007 and the upper contact pin 903 of the peeling unit, and the water chestnut in the peeling unit is taken out. Finally, the protective cover at the upper end of the water flow input port 13 is opened, and the removed water chestnut peels and other impurities fall into the residue collection groove 6 below the peeling device 4 through the hollow parts of the peeling monomers under the washing of the water flow connected to the top.
Example 2. The invention measures and models the appearance characteristics of the water chestnuts in order to determine the factors and the level of the test cutter. The water chestnut used in the test is the local filial piety water chestnut in Hubei. 100 water chestnuts with random sizes are measured, and the measurement parameters are shown in figure 7.
Taking the total height center in the water chestnut as an OX axis and the transverse diameter center as an OY axis, measuring the corresponding height values of the upper part and the lower part under a certain transverse diameter as y1 and y2 respectively, and obtaining a water chestnut outer contour fitting curve by MATLAB fitting as shown in FIG. 8. The bottom concave part and the top bud part are shown to be conical surfaces, and the cone angle of the top bud part is smaller and almost close to a plane. Because the terminal bud is deeper, the terminal bud is directly removed by a flat cutter, the bottom cone angle is larger, the bottom is removed by an inclined bottom surface cutter, and the side surface is an arc-shaped side surface cutter. The arc diameter is the average value of the transverse diameter of the water chestnut measured to be 42.75 mm.
Measuring the lateral height of the water chestnut at 18 mm-22 mm, and taking 23mm, 25mm and 27mm in the test; the height of the bottom ranges from 2mm to 4mm, the mean value is 2.975mm, the width of the bottom ranges from 26mm to 30mm, and the mean value is 26.39mm, so that the included angle gamma between the bottom surface cutter and the vertical direction is as follows:
Figure BDA0002733057790000061
bottom surface cutter length d:
Figure BDA0002733057790000062
in the test, gamma is 72 degrees, 77 degrees and 82 degrees, and d is 13mm, 14mm and 15 mm. The rotating speed n has a large influence on peeling, water chestnuts are cracked when the rotating speed n is too high, the loss rate is high, the peeling rate is low, the efficiency is influenced and the surface smoothness of peeling is influenced when the rotating speed n is too low, and the rotating speed n is 30r/min, 40r/min or 50 r/min. The resulting test factor levels are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 peeling test factor level table
Figure BDA0002733057790000063
1. Peeling test method
Adopting a single-factor test, changing the rotating speed of the water chestnuts under certain conditions of other factors, and determining the optimal rotating speed; then, testing each level of the inclination angle of the bottom surface cutter at the rotating speed to determine the optimal bottom surface inclination angle and the optimal cutter length; and (3) testing each level of the chord length of the side surface cutter under the conditions of determining the rotating speed of the water chestnuts, the inclination angle and the length of the bottom surface cutter, and finally obtaining the optimal parameter combination of the peeling cutter. In the test, the peeling loss rate and the net removing rate are collected, the influence of each factor on the two indexes is analyzed, and the optimal level of each factor is determined.
The peeling loss rate is calculated by adopting the following formula:
Figure BDA0002733057790000064
in the formula (1), m1For peel loss,%; w1Is the weight of the water chestnut before the experiment, g; w2Is the weight of the chufa after the experiment, g. In order to prevent the water loss of the peeled water chestnuts from being too fast, the peeled water chestnuts are weighed by an electronic scale immediately.
The net removal rate is calculated using the following formula:
Figure BDA0002733057790000071
in the formula (2), m2Is net removal rate,%; s1Mm is the area of the water chestnut epidermis before the test2；S2Mm is the area of the water chestnut skin after the test2。
Measuring the cleanliness by adopting a rubbing method, covering test paper on the surface of the water chestnut, using a sign pen to develop an area shape and a residual peel shape on the test paper, and meshing the graph on the paper to obtain an area value so as to calculate the proportion of the residual peel.
2. Results and analysis
2.1 influence of the Water chestnut rotational speed on the peeling loss rate and the peeling purity
A cutting test was carried out using a bottom surface cutter having a length of 14mm and an inclination angle of 77 degrees and a side surface cutter having a chord length of 22mm, and the cutting time was 5 seconds. The peeling loss rate and the net removing rate under different rotating speeds are obtained by changing the rotating speed of the water chestnuts as shown in figure 9. When the rotating speed of the water chestnuts is low, peeling loss is high because the cutter is in contact with the surfaces of the water chestnuts for a long time, peels are not easy to discharge in time and are blocked between the water chestnuts and the cutter, friction is increased, and water chestnut pulp loss is caused. The net removing rate is reduced along with the increase of the rotating speed, the contact time of the cutter and the surface is reduced along with the increase of the rotating speed, the phenomenon of missed cutting is easy to occur, and the net removing rate is reduced rapidly. When the rotating speed is 40r/min, the net removing rate is higher than 50r/min, but the loss rate is lower, because the rotating speed is too high, the impact of the cutter on the pulp is increased, and the brittleness of the water chestnuts is higher, so that the pulp is cracked and lost greatly. The net removing rate of the rotating speed of 30r/min and the rotating speed of 40r/min is not big, and the peeling loss rate is the minimum at the rotating speed of 40r/min, so the rotating speed is suitable for peeling.
2.2 influence of bottom surface cutter inclination on peeling Effect
The rotating speed of the water chestnuts is 40r/min, the length of the bottom surface cutter is 14mm, only the bottom surface cutter is arranged in the test, and the peeling time is 5 s. The loss rate and the net removal rate at different inclination angles are obtained by changing the inclination angle of the inclined knife and are shown in fig. 10. The peeling loss rate and the peeling net rate are increased along with the increase of the inclination angle of the inclined knife; when the inclination angle is 72 degrees, the peeling loss is small, but the peeling rate is low because the angle is too small, the contact area of the cutter and the bottom of the water chestnut is small, and the epidermis near the lowest point of the bottom depression is difficult to cut; when the inclination angle is 82 degrees, the peeling loss and the peeling rate are the largest, because the larger the inclination angle is, the contact area between the cutter and the water chestnuts is increased, and the more peeling is, the larger the loss is. Because the hardness of the bottom of the water chestnut is higher and the peeling difficulty is higher, the inclination angle of 82 degrees is selected.
2.3 influence of bottom surface cutter Length on peeling Effect
Under the test conditions, the rotating speed of the water chestnuts is 40r/min, the arrangement inclination angle of the bottom surface cutters is 82 degrees, the chord length of the side surface cutters is 22mm, and only the bottom surface cutters are arranged in the test, so that the loss rate and the net removal rate under different inclination angles are shown in fig. 11. As the length of the bottom surface cutter increases, the difference between the peeling loss and the net removal rate change becomes smaller and smaller. The shorter the length of the cutter is, the less the cut skin is, the less the peeling loss is, and the net removal rate is low. When the length of the inclined knife is 1mm, the net removing rate is the highest, the loss rate is not greatly different from the minimum value, and the optimal peeling inclined knife length is obtained.
2.4 influence of side edge cutter chord Length on peeling Effect
During the test, the rotating speed of the water chestnuts is 40r/min, the length of the bottom surface cutter is 14mm, the arrangement inclination angle is 82 degrees, and the single test time is 5 s. The chord length of the arc knife is changed to obtain the peeling loss rate and the net removing rate of the chord length of the arc knife as shown in fig. 12. The peeling loss rate and the peeling net rate are increased along with the increase of the chord length of the side surface cutter, because the chord length of the side surface bent cutter is larger, the arc line of the cutting edge is longer, the contact range of the cutter and the side surface of the water chestnut is larger, the peeling net rate is higher, and the loss rate is higher. When the chord length is 22mm, the net removing rate reaches 93 percent, the loss rate is 24.4 percent, and the side surface cutting parameters are suitable. In addition, the comparison tests 2.2, 2.3 and 2.4 can find that the water chestnut bottom net removal rate only accounts for 10% of the whole water chestnut net removal rate, and the bottom loss rate accounts for 25% of the whole water chestnut loss rate, so that the reduction of the water chestnut bottom peeling loss rate is an important aspect of reducing the loss rate, and the key of the improvement of the water chestnut net removal rate is the improvement of the side peeling net removal rate.
The invention adopts single factor test to determine the influence of cutting speed, bottom surface cutter inclination angle and length and side surface cutter chord length on peeling loss rate and peeling cleanliness rate, and determines proper operation parameters, under the conditions that the rotating speed is 40r/min, the bottom surface cutter inclination angle is 82 degrees, the bottom surface cutter length is 14mm, and the side surface cutter chord length is 22mm (the diameter is 42.75mm), the peeling cleanliness rate reaches 93%, and the loss rate is 24.4%.
The above examples are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications may be made to the above-described embodiments, and not all embodiments may be exhaustive. All obvious changes and modifications of the technical scheme of the invention are within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. A milling type water chestnut peeling machine is characterized by comprising
The integrated peeling device (4) is symmetrical front and back and left and right, the integrated peeling device (4) consists of left and right symmetrical milling parts and a middle transmission part, each milling part comprises a plurality of groups of peeling monomers, and a transmission area (9) is shared between every two adjacent groups of peeling monomers;
the peeling single body comprises a peeling shell (1001), a bottom surface cutter (1002), a flat cutter (1010) and a side surface cutter (1003), wherein the bottom surface cutter (1002), the flat cutter and the side surface cutter (1003) are mounted inside the peeling shell (1001), a blade of the side surface cutter (1003) is arc-shaped, the length of a cutter handle (1004) connected with the side surface cutter is the maximum value of the radius change of the transverse diameter of the water chestnut, and a cutter holder (1005) is connected with the cutter handle (1004) through a buckle and used for realizing the forward and backward movement of the cutter handle (1004) in the cutter holder (1005) under the action of a spring (1006);
the transmission part comprises a plurality of longitudinal bevel gears (16) and transverse bevel gears (17) which are connected with the spline shaft (12) through a spline hole shaft (11), each longitudinal bevel gear (16) is meshed with the two transverse bevel gears (17) and drives a bevel gear shaft (905) in a transmission area to rotate, and the transmission part is used for enabling an upper contact pin (903) and a lower contact pin (904) for fixing the water chestnuts to rotate in the same direction and at the same speed in the water chestnut peeling process.
2. The milling type water chestnut peeling machine according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising a whole machine frame (1), wherein the whole machine frame (1) is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer, an integrated peeling device (4) is installed at the middle position of the upper layer, a transmission chain wheel (3) and a transmission belt wheel (5) are installed on one side of the integrated peeling device (4), a motor (2) and a T-shaped steering gear (7) are installed on the lower layer, the motor (2) is connected with the T-shaped steering gear (7) through a coupler, the transmission belt wheel (5) is connected with a bevel gear power output shaft (14) through a key (15), the bevel gear power output shaft (14) is meshed with a spline shaft (12) through a bevel gear, and the transmission chain wheel (3) enables the integrated peeling devices (4) on the left side and the right side to have the same.
3. The milling type water chestnut peeling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the transmission area (9) comprises a pin bevel gear shaft (901), a pin spring (902), an upper pin (903) and a lower pin (904) which are positioned on the same straight line, wherein the upper pin (903) is connected with the pin shaft through a pre-pressure provided by the pin spring (902), and the lower pin (904) is connected with the pin bevel gear shaft (901) of the next transmission area; a pin spring (902) is arranged between the upper pin (903) and a pin bevel gear shaft (901) in the previous transmission area, the elastic force of the pin spring (902) enables the upper pin (903) to be inserted into the top of the water chestnut, and the upper pin (903) moves upwards to leave a placing space before peeling.
4. The milling type water chestnut peeling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the integrated peeling device (4) has a water inlet (13) at the top, a protective cover is arranged on the water inlet (13), and water is fed into the integrated peeling device (4) through the water inlet (13) to wash down the water chestnut peels and impurities.
5. The milling type water chestnut peeling machine according to claim 2, characterized in that a slag collecting groove (6) is arranged at the lower layer of the whole machine frame (1) below the integrated peeling device (4) and is used for collecting water chestnut peels and impurities falling from the hollow parts of the peeling monomers.
CN202011124203.3A 2020-10-20 2020-10-20 Milling type water chestnut peeling machine Pending CN112075647A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113208072A (en) * 2021-06-02 2021-08-06 刘年明 Preparation method of dried mangoes
CN114365858A (en) * 2021-12-27 2022-04-19 安徽国防科技职业学院 Based on kiwi fruit processing is with full-automatic chestnut peeling machine

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US4838155A (en) * 1987-11-25 1989-06-13 Steffel Vern G Nutcracker apparatus
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CN103549632A (en) * 2013-10-30 2014-02-05 荔浦罐头食品有限公司 Efficient water chestnut peeling machine simple in structure
KR20180018161A (en) * 2016-08-12 2018-02-21 (주)도들샘 Agricultural Product Peeling Apparatus

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113208072A (en) * 2021-06-02 2021-08-06 刘年明 Preparation method of dried mangoes
CN114365858A (en) * 2021-12-27 2022-04-19 安徽国防科技职业学院 Based on kiwi fruit processing is with full-automatic chestnut peeling machine

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Application publication date: 20201215