CN112072917A - Multi-phase buck circuit current sharing method and device and computer readable storage medium - Google Patents

Multi-phase buck circuit current sharing method and device and computer readable storage medium Download PDF

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CN112072917A
CN112072917A CN202010856414.XA CN202010856414A CN112072917A CN 112072917 A CN112072917 A CN 112072917A CN 202010856414 A CN202010856414 A CN 202010856414A CN 112072917 A CN112072917 A CN 112072917A
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current
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buck circuit
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CN112072917B (en
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李雅静
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Suzhou Inspur Intelligent Technology Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1584—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • H02M1/084—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters using a control circuit common to several phases of a multi-phase system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • H02M1/084—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters using a control circuit common to several phases of a multi-phase system
    • H02M1/0845—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters using a control circuit common to several phases of a multi-phase system digitally controlled (or with digital control)
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • H02M1/088—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a current equalizing method and device for a multiphase buck circuit and a computer readable storage medium, belongs to the technical field of current equalizing of the multiphase buck circuit, and solves the problems of poor precision and extra resistance loss when the current equalizing scheme is under light load. The method comprises the following steps: collecting each phase current signal and outputting a voltage signal; comparing the output voltage with a reference voltage, and executing the next step when the output voltage is less than the reference voltage; calculating the value of an ideal function F under different switch combinations according to the phase current signals and the output voltage signals; sorting the F values of different switch state combinations, and selecting the switch combination with the minimum F value; and the RS trigger generates a switching signal according to the selected switch combination, outputs the switching signal to the multiphase buck circuit, and turns on the MOS tube to charge the load.

Description

Multi-phase buck circuit current sharing method and device and computer readable storage medium
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of multiphase buck circuits, in particular to a method and a device for equalizing current of a multiphase buck circuit and a computer readable storage medium.
Background
Because the CPU requires the power chip to respond to a load current with a large amplitude and a large slope in a short Time, a Constant On Time (COT) control method is widely adopted. With the increase of the power demand of a CPU, the single-phase buck power converter is not suitable any more, and the multiphase parallel buck power converter is suitable for application scenes with higher probability density due to the advantages of low requirement on inductive energy storage, small switching ripple, uniform current distribution and the like.
The equivalent impedance of the circuit is different due to factors such as process, layout and the like, so that the current is unbalanced, and even single-phase overcurrent and other phases of zero current occur. Most current sharing schemes adopt a passive current sharing method, the precision of passive load current sharing is poor when the load is light, and the system efficiency is low due to extra resistance loss. The phase difference of different phase operation is fixed to 360 DEG/n in a steady state operation state, and when the load change is large, the multiphase through-current capacity cannot be fully exerted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a current equalizing method and device for a multiphase buck circuit and a computer readable storage medium, so as to solve the technical problems of poor precision, extra resistance loss and incapability of exerting multiphase current capacity in the prior art under light load.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a current equalizing method for a multiphase buck circuit, which is applied to a multiphase buck circuit equipped with the device described in this patent, and the method includes the following steps:
collecting each phase current signal and outputting a voltage signal;
comparing the output voltage with a reference voltage, and executing the next step when the output voltage is less than the reference voltage;
calculating the predicted value of each phase current under different switch combinations according to the prediction model, and calculating the value of an ideal function F according to the voltage and current values;
sorting the F values of different switch state combinations, and selecting the switch combination with the minimum F value;
the RS turns on the MOS tube to charge the load according to the selected switch combination;
and turning off the MOS tube switch combination after the MOS tube switch combination is turned on for a fixed time, and circulating the steps.
Furthermore, before the acquisition of the current signals of each phase and the output voltage signals, ideal function F prediction models in different switch combination states are established in advance.
Further, the step of calculating the value of the ideal function F includes:
establishing a subfunction F of F1；
F1＝|i1(k+1)-I'|+|i2(k+1)-I'|+|i3(k+1)-I'|+···+|in(k+1)-I'|；
I'＝(i1(k+1)+i2(k+1)+i3(k+1)+···+in(k+1))/n；
F1The minimum value of the values is indicated to satisfy the current sharing requirements of the multi-phase circuit.
Establishing a subfunction F of F2；
F2＝|3I'-iC|；
iC＝C(VO(k)-VO(k-1))；
iCFor the current, F, not to satisfy the drop-off voltage of the capacitor discharge during current change in time2Is indicative of the load current demand, VOIs the load voltage.
Establishing a subfunction F of F3；
F3＝GS1(Tsw+1)⊙GS1(Tsw)+GS2(Tsw+1)⊙GS2(Tsw)+GS3(Tsw+1)⊙GS3(Tsw)+···+GSn(Tsw+1)⊙GSn(Tsw)；
GS1(Tsw) Denotes the T thswOne switching period S1A AND or operator is indicated by 1 being ON, 0 being OFF, or ON of the switch tube.
The ideal function F is expressed as:
F＝mF1+nF2+lF3；
m, n and l are positive real numbers and represent weight factors of the function of each sub-target, the larger the value is, the stronger the importance of the sub-target is, the controller is more inclined to select a control strategy meeting the sub-target, and the values of m, n and l can be adjusted according to practical application. The minimum value of the F is expressed as an MOS tube switch switching-on scheme meeting the requirement;
furthermore, the purpose of active current sharing is achieved by circulating the steps.
In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a current equalizing device for a multiphase circuit, which is applied to control a multiphase buck circuit, and includes:
a predictive controller module: the device is used for collecting current and voltage of each phase circuit, comparing output voltage with reference voltage, sequentially calculating predicted values of each phase current under different switch combination states according to a prediction model when the output voltage is smaller than the reference voltage, calculating an ideal function F value and selecting a switch combination with the minimum F value.
An RS trigger module: the MOS tube switch is used for switching on the MOS tube switch according to the instruction sent by the prediction controller.
Turning on the timer module: and the MOS tube switch is used for calculating the switching-on time and switching off the MOS tube switch after the MOS tube switch is switched on for a fixed time.
In a third aspect, the present invention also provides a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon machine executable instructions which, when invoked and executed by a processor, cause the processor to carry out the method described above.
The technical scheme provided by the invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: the invention provides a multiphase buck circuit current equalizing method based on simulation prediction COT control, which comprises the steps of firstly collecting each phase current voltage of each phase, comparing the output voltage with a reference voltage, when the output voltage is lower than the reference voltage, sequentially calculating each phase current predicted value under different switch combination states according to a prediction model, calculating the value of an ideal function F, then sequencing the F values of different switch combinations and selecting the switch combination with the minimum F value, finally, an RS trigger can turn on an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube according to the selected switch combination to charge a load, turn off the combination after turning on for a fixed time, and repeat the steps. The technical scheme adopts an active current sharing method, and solves the technical problems of poor precision, extra resistance loss and incapability of exerting multiphase through-current capacity in the prior art under light load.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a current sharing method for a multi-phase buck circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-phase circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a design scheme of a multi-phase buck circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, as referred to in embodiments of the present invention, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those steps or elements but may alternatively include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
As shown in fig. 1, the current-sharing control method for a multiphase buck circuit based on analog prediction COT control provided in the embodiment of the present invention is applied to control of a multiphase buck circuit, and takes a three-phase circuit as an example, the method includes the following steps:
s1: collecting each phase current signal and outputting a voltage signal;
s2: comparing the output voltage with a reference voltage, and executing the next step when the output voltage is less than the reference voltage;
s3: calculating the predicted value of each phase current under different switch combinations according to the prediction model, and calculating the value of an ideal function F according to the voltage and current values;
s4: sorting the F values of different switch state combinations, and selecting the switch combination with the minimum F value;
s5: the RS trigger generates a switching signal according to the selected switch combination and outputs the switching signal to the multiphase buck circuit;
s6: turning on an MOS tube to charge a load;
s7: and turning off the MOS tube switch combination after the MOS tube switch combination is turned on for a fixed time, and circulating the steps.
The multiphase buck circuit current sharing method based on the simulation prediction COT control changes the passive current sharing condition in the prior art, and solves the technical problems that the precision is poor under light load, extra resistance loss is caused, and the multiphase current capacity cannot be exerted in the prior art.
In a possible embodiment, before S1, prediction models in different switch combination states may also be pre-established, as shown in fig. 2, taking a three-phase circuit as an example, the process of establishing the prediction models includes:
establishing all existing MOS tube switch combination state equations;
GS1＝1，GS3＝1，GS5＝1；
at the moment, the current of each phase satisfies:
Figure BDA0002646507830000051
discretizing the above equation yields:
Figure BDA0002646507830000061
wherein T isSIs a sampling period;
GS1＝1，GS3＝1，GS5＝0；
at the moment, the current of each phase satisfies the discrete relation:
Figure BDA0002646507830000062
GS1＝0，GS3＝1，GS5＝0；
at the moment, the current of each phase satisfies the discrete relation:
Figure BDA0002646507830000063
GS1＝0，GS3＝1，GS5＝1；
at the moment, the current of each phase satisfies the discrete relation:
Figure BDA0002646507830000064
GS1＝0，GS3＝0，GS5＝1；
at the moment, the current of each phase satisfies the discrete relation:
Figure BDA0002646507830000065
GS1＝0，GS3＝0，GS5＝0；
at the moment, the current of each phase satisfies the discrete relation:
Figure BDA0002646507830000071
GS1＝1，GS3＝0，GS5＝0；
at the moment, the current of each phase satisfies the discrete relation:
Figure BDA0002646507830000072
GS1＝1，GS3＝0，GS5＝1；
at the moment, the current of each phase satisfies the discrete relation:
Figure BDA0002646507830000073
further, in a possible implementation manner of S3, the method includes:
establishing a subfunction F of F1；
F1＝|i1(k+1)-I'|+|i2(k+1)-I'|+|i3(k+1)-I'|；
I'＝(i1(k+1)+i2(k+1)+i3(k+1)；
F1The minimum value of the values is expressed as satisfying the current sharing requirements of the multi-phase circuit;
establishing a subfunction F of F2；
F2＝|3I'-iC|；
iC＝C(VO(k)-VO(k-1))；
iCFor the current, F, not to satisfy the drop-off voltage of the capacitor discharge during current change in time2Is indicative of the load current demand, VOIs the load voltage;
establishing a subfunction F of F3；
F3＝GS1(Tsw+1)⊙GS1(Tsw)+GS2(Tsw+1)⊙GS2(Tsw)+GS3(Tsw+1)⊙GS3(Tsw)；
GS1(Tsw) Denotes the T thswOne switching period S1If the switch tube is on, 1 is on, 0 is off, the same or an operator is asserted;
the ideal function F is expressed as:
F＝mF1+nF2+lF3；
m, n and l are positive real numbers and represent weight factors of the sub-target functions. The minimum value of the F is expressed as an MOS tube switch switching-on scheme meeting the requirement;
further, active current sharing is achieved by cycling through the steps.
As shown in fig. 3, in another embodiment, the following modules are included:
a predictive controller module: the device is used for collecting current and voltage of each phase circuit, comparing output voltage with reference voltage, sequentially calculating predicted values of each phase current under different switch combination states according to a prediction model when the output voltage is smaller than the reference voltage, calculating an ideal function F value and selecting a switch combination with the minimum F value.
An RS trigger module: the MOS tube switch is used for switching on the MOS tube switch according to the instruction sent by the prediction controller.
Turning on the timer module: and the MOS tube switch is used for calculating the switching-on time and switching off the MOS tube switch after the MOS tube switch is switched on for a fixed time.
The multiphase buck circuit current sharing method based on the simulation prediction COT control changes the passive current sharing condition in the prior art, and solves the technical problems that the precision is poor under light load, extra resistance loss is caused, and the multiphase current capacity cannot be exerted in the prior art.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In accordance with the above method, embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer readable storage medium storing machine executable instructions, which when invoked and executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the steps of the above method.
The apparatus provided by the embodiment of the present invention may be specific hardware on the device, or software or firmware installed on the device, etc. The device provided by the embodiment of the present invention has the same implementation principle and technical effect as the method embodiments, and for the sake of brief description, reference may be made to the corresponding contents in the method embodiments without reference to the device embodiments. It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the foregoing systems, apparatuses and units may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
In the embodiments provided in the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method can be implemented in other ways. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, and for example, the flowchart and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of apparatus, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.
The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, which are used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent substitutes for some technical features within the technical scope of the present disclosure; and the modifications, changes or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. Are intended to be covered by the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (8)

1. A current sharing method of a multiphase buck circuit is applied to control the multiphase buck circuit, and the method comprises the following steps:
collecting each phase current signal and outputting a voltage signal;
comparing the output voltage with a reference voltage, and executing the next step when the output voltage is less than the reference voltage;
calculating the value of an ideal function F under different switch combinations according to the phase current signals and the output voltage signals;
sorting the F values of different switch state combinations, and selecting the switch combination with the minimum F value;
the RS trigger generates a switching signal according to the selected switch combination and outputs the switching signal to the multiphase buck circuit;
turning on an MOS tube to charge a load;
and turning off the MOS tube switch combination after the MOS tube switch combination is turned on for a fixed time, and circulating the steps.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the ideal function fprediction model is pre-established for different switch combination states.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein an ideal function F for different switch combination states is pre-established, and the ideal function F is expressed as:
F＝mF1+nF2+lF3；
m, n and l are preset positive real numbers and represent weight factors of the sub-target functions.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein a subfunction F of F is established1；
F1＝|i1(k+1)-I'|+|i2(k+1)-I'|+|i3(k+1)-I'|+···+|in(k+1)-I'|；
I'＝(i1(k+1)+i2(k+1)+i3(k+1)+···+in(k+1))/n；
F1The minimum value of the values is expressed to satisfy the current sharing requirement of the multi-phase circuit in(k +1) is the predicted current for the n-th phase to turn on at the k +1 th turn.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein a subfunction F of F is established2；
F2＝|nI'-iC|；
iC＝C(VO(k)-VO(k-1))；
iCFor the current, F, not to satisfy the drop-off voltage of the capacitor discharge during current change in time2Is indicative of the load current demand, VOIs the load voltage.
6. The method of claim 3, wherein a subfunction F of F is established3；
F3＝GS1(Tsw+1)⊙GS1(Tsw)+GS2(Tsw+1)⊙GS2(Tsw)+GS3(Tsw+1)⊙GS3(Tsw)+···+GSn(Tsw+1)⊙GSn(Tsw)；
GS1(Tsw) Denotes the T thswOne switching period S1A AND or operator is indicated by 1 being ON, 0 being OFF, or ON of the switch tube.
7. A multiphase buck circuit current sharing device, comprising:
the prediction controller module is used for acquiring the current and the voltage of each phase circuit, comparing the output voltage with the reference voltage, sequentially calculating the predicted values of each phase current under different switch combination states according to the prediction model when the output voltage is less than the reference voltage, calculating the F value of an ideal function and selecting the switch combination with the minimum F value;
the RS trigger module is used for turning on the MOS tube switch according to the instruction sent by the prediction controller;
and the conduction timer module is used for calculating the switching-on time and switching off the MOS tube switch after the switching-on time is fixed.
8. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon machine executable instructions which, when invoked and executed by a processor, cause the processor to execute the method of any of claims 1 to 6.
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