CN112072855B - Motor - Google Patents

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Publication number
CN112072855B
CN112072855B CN202010996783.9A CN202010996783A CN112072855B CN 112072855 B CN112072855 B CN 112072855B CN 202010996783 A CN202010996783 A CN 202010996783A CN 112072855 B CN112072855 B CN 112072855B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
cooling
motor
stator
air
rotor
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
CN202010996783.9A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN112072855A (en
Inventor
郑国丽
黄鹏程
丰帆
王虎
杨琰河
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CRRC Zhuzhou Electric Co Ltd
Original Assignee
CRRC Zhuzhou Electric Co Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by CRRC Zhuzhou Electric Co Ltd filed Critical CRRC Zhuzhou Electric Co Ltd
Priority to CN202010996783.9A priority Critical patent/CN112072855B/en
Publication of CN112072855A publication Critical patent/CN112072855A/en
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Publication of CN112072855B publication Critical patent/CN112072855B/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/02—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine
    • H02K9/04—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium
    • H02K9/06—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium with fans or impellers driven by the machine shaft
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/20—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/32—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/14—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating wherein gaseous cooling medium circulates between the machine casing and a surrounding mantle
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility

Abstract

The invention discloses a motor.A sealing part is arranged on a cooling bottom plate at the inlet end of an external air path cooling medium, so that air flow driven by an internal fan enters through an air inlet duct and can only enter a cooling cover through a rotor and a stator, the cooling medium is forced to enter the stator to cool the stator, the air quantity of a straight-section winding is increased, the temperature difference between the cooling straight-section winding and a cooling end winding is reduced, the axial temperature difference of the stator is reduced, the temperature distribution uniformity is improved, the hot spot temperature difference of the winding is reduced, and the running reliability of the motor is improved; the cooling device has the advantages that the air quantity is reasonably distributed, the temperature of the cooling assembly entering the motor body from the shaft extending side is reduced from the temperature difference between the cooling assembly and the non-shaft side, the temperature uniformity of the two sides of the motor is improved, and meanwhile, the cooling effect of the stator is improved.

Description

Motor
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to a motor.
Background
Along with the popularization of the high-efficiency energy-saving motor, the design of the motor gradually develops to the directions of high efficiency, miniaturization, light weight and low cost. And the temperature rise of the motor becomes a key factor for restricting the development of the motor. The common cooling mode of the high-voltage motor is an air-air cooling structure, and the cooling mode is characterized in that a primary cooling medium circulates in a closed loop, and heat is transferred to surrounding environment medium through an external cooler directly arranged on the motor. The key technical problems to be solved by adopting the cooling mode include: on one hand, the temperature rise of the stator winding cannot exceed the allowable temperature rise limit value; on the other hand, the non-uniformity of the temperature distribution of the winding is reduced, so that the running reliability of the motor is improved.
In the prior art, a cooling medium cooled by a cooler enters a motor body, and driven by a fan and a rotor, two circulation loops are formed, each circulation loop is provided with two branches, and the first branch enters a radial air channel of the rotor to cool the rotor and then enters a radial air channel of a stator to cool the stator; and after the second branch is used for cooling the end winding of the stator, the second branch directly enters a cooler. The prior art has the following disadvantages: first, the temperature of the cooling medium in the external air path increases continuously from the inlet to the outlet along Cheng Xire, and the temperature entering the motor body from the shaft extending side after being cooled by the cooler is higher than that of the motor body from the non-shaft extending side, so that the temperature of the two sides of the motor is asymmetrically distributed. Secondly, the rotating speed of the two-pole high-voltage motor is high, if the air pressure of the fan is increased in order to improve the cooling air quantity, the mechanical loss of the motor is increased, and the pneumatic noise is increased, so that the air path structure is improved as much as possible, the air quantity is reasonably distributed, and the cooling effect of the stator is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, a first object of the present invention is to provide an electric machine that reduces the temperature difference between the end windings and the straight sections while solving the problem of asymmetric distribution of the temperature on both sides of the electric machine.
In order to achieve the first object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
an electric motor comprises a cooling cover, a cooling assembly arranged in the cooling cover, an inner fan and an outer fan; the inner fan and the outer fan are arranged on a rotating shaft of the motor, the inner fan is positioned in a shell of the motor, the outer fan is positioned outside the shell of the motor, and the outer fan is used for cooling a cooling medium entering the cooling component; further comprises:
the machine base partition board is sleeved on the rotating shaft of the motor;
the cooling cover comprises a cooling bottom plate communicated with the shell of the motor, and the cooling bottom plate is provided with an air inlet duct respectively communicated with the interior of the shell of the motor and the cooling cover;
the cooling bottom plate close to the inlet end of the cooling medium of the outer air passage is provided with a sealing part, wherein two ends of the sealing part are respectively sealed with the base partition plate and the air inlet passage and used for separating the motor from the cooling cover, so that air flow driven by the inner fan passes through the stator and the rotor of the motor and then enters the cooling cover, and the air flow is cooled by the cooling assembly in the cooling cover and then returns into the shell of the motor through the air inlet passage.
Preferably, the inner fan includes a first inner fan and a second inner fan disposed along an axial direction of a rotating shaft of the motor;
the cooling bottom plate comprises a first air inlet channel and a second air inlet channel which are arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft of the motor;
the frame partition includes:
the sealing part is respectively connected with the first base baffle plate and the first air inlet duct in a sealing way; an air flow gap for air flow to pass through is arranged between the second base partition plate and the cooling bottom plate.
Preferably, the cooling bottom plate is provided with an airflow through hole for airflow to pass through between the second base partition plate and the second air duct.
Preferably, the stator is provided with a plurality of stator radial air channels and stator axial vent holes penetrating along the axial direction, and air flows through the stator axial vent holes and the stator radial air channels to enter the cooling cover.
Preferably, the rotor is provided with a plurality of rotor radial air channels and rotor axial vent holes penetrating along the axial direction, and air flows through the rotor axial vent holes and the rotor radial air channels into the stator radial air channels, and all the stator radial air channels and all the rotor radial air channels are arranged in a staggered mode along the axial direction.
Preferably, the stator axial vent and the rotor axial vent may be circular holes, square holes, or elliptical holes, respectively.
The motor provided by the invention comprises a cooling cover, a cooling assembly arranged in the cooling cover, an inner fan and an outer fan; the inner fan and the outer fan are arranged on the rotating shaft of the motor, the inner fan is positioned in the shell of the motor, the outer fan is positioned outside the shell of the motor, and the outer fan is used for cooling the cooling medium entering the cooling component; further comprises: the machine seat partition board is sleeved on the rotating shaft of the motor; the cooling cover comprises a cooling bottom plate communicated with the shell of the motor, and the cooling bottom plate is provided with an air inlet channel respectively communicated with the interior of the shell of the motor and the cooling cover; the cooling bottom plate near the inlet end of the cooling medium of the outer air passage is provided with a sealing part, wherein two ends of the sealing part are respectively sealed with the base partition plate and the air inlet duct and used for separating the motor from the cooling cover, so that air flow driven by the inner fan passes through the stator and the rotor of the motor and then enters the cooling cover, and is cooled by the cooling assembly in the cooling cover and then returns into the shell of the motor through the air inlet duct.
Compared with the prior art, the motor provided by the invention has the following technical effects:
firstly, a sealing part is arranged on a cooling bottom plate at the inlet end of an outer air path cooling medium, so that air flow driven by an inner fan enters through an air inlet duct and can only enter a cooling cover through a rotor and a stator, the cooling medium is forced to enter the stator to cool the stator, the air quantity of a straight-section winding is increased, the temperature difference between the cooling straight-section winding and a cooling end winding is reduced, the axial temperature difference of the stator is reduced, the temperature distribution uniformity is improved, the hot spot temperature difference of the winding is reduced, and the running reliability of a motor is improved;
second, it makes the air quantity reasonable distribution, and the temperature that gets into the motor body through cooling module shaft extension side is reduced with the temperature difference between the non-axle side, improves motor both sides temperature homogeneity, improves the cooling effect of stator simultaneously.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a stator-rotor axial vent hole according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The figures are marked as follows:
10. a rotor; 11. a rotor axial vent; 12. radial air channels of the rotor; 13. a balancing disk; 14. a first inner fan; 15. a rotating shaft; 16. an outer fan; 17. a second inner fan; 18. a motor; 20. a stator; 21. a stator axial vent; 22. a radial air duct of the stator; 23. a stator end winding; 30. a cooling cover; 31. a sealing part; 32. cooling the bottom plate; 40. a first housing separator; 41. a second housing separator; 100. a first air inlet duct; 101. and a second air inlet duct.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention discloses a motor, which is used for reducing the temperature difference between an end winding and a straight section and solving the problem of asymmetric temperature distribution at two sides of the motor.
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1-2, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a stator-rotor axial vent hole according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In a specific embodiment, the motor provided by the invention comprises:
a cooling jacket 30, a cooling assembly disposed within the cooling jacket 30, an inner fan, and an outer fan 16; the inner fan and the outer fan 16 are both arranged on the rotating shaft 15 of the motor 18, the inner fan is positioned in the shell of the motor 18, the outer fan 16 is positioned outside the shell of the motor 18, and the outer fan 16 is used for cooling the cooling medium entering the cooling component;
the cooling component can be a cooling pipe, a cooling medium in the cooling pipe can be selected according to the requirement, and the cooling mode can be air-air cooling, air-water cooling, open-type cooling and the like. The cooling jacket 30 communicates with the housing of the motor 18, and the specific structure and connection thereof are referred to in the prior art and will not be described herein. The external fan 16 is used for blowing the environmental medium into the cooling pipe, re-entering the surrounding environment after completing heat exchange with the primary cooling medium in the pipe, and the temperature of the external cooling medium gradually rises along Cheng Xire, so that the temperature of the external cooling medium entering the two sides of the motor 18 after being cooled by the cooling pipe is inconsistent, the temperature of one side close to the inlet end of the external air path cooling medium is lower, and the temperature of one side close to the outlet end of the external air path cooling medium is higher.
The device further comprises:
a base baffle plate sleeved on the rotating shaft 15 of the motor 18;
the cooling cover 30 comprises a cooling bottom plate 32 communicated with the shell of the motor 18, and the cooling bottom plate 32 is provided with air inlet channels respectively communicated with the interior of the shell of the motor 18 and the cooling cover 30;
the frame partition plates are respectively arranged at two axial ends of the rotor 10 and the stator 20 to separate air inlet from air outlet, so that air flow driven by the inner fan can cool the rotor 10 and the stator 20 to improve cooling effect.
The cooling bottom plate 32 is provided with an air inlet which is communicated with the cooling cover 30 and the inside of the shell of the motor 18, and the air inlet is connected with an air inlet duct which extends into the shell of the motor 18, the air inlet duct is fixedly connected with the air inlet in a detachable mode, and the inner fan is arranged in the air inlet duct so as to effectively drive the air inlet flow.
The cooling bottom plate 32 near the cooling medium inlet end (cold end) of the outer air path is provided with a sealing part 31, both ends of the sealing part 31 are respectively sealed with the base partition plate and the air inlet duct for separating the motor 18 and the cooling cover 30, preferably, the sealing part 31 is welded on the cooling bottom plate 32, and the length of the sealing part 31 is larger than the distance between the base partition plate and the air inlet duct. The arrangement is such that the air flow near the inlet end side of the cooling medium of the outer air duct passes through the air inlet duct, is driven by the inner fan through the stator 20 and the rotor 10 of the motor 18, enters the cooling jacket 30, is cooled by the cooling assembly in the cooling jacket 30, and is returned to the housing of the motor 18 through the air inlet duct.
Compared with the prior art, the motor provided by the invention has the following technical effects:
firstly, a sealing part 31 is arranged on a cooling bottom plate 32 at the inlet end of the cooling medium of the outer air passage, so that air flow driven by an inner fan enters through an air inlet duct and can only enter a cooling cover 30 through a rotor 10 and a stator 20, the cooling medium is forced to enter the stator 20 to cool the stator 20, the air quantity of a straight-section winding is increased, the temperature difference between the cooling straight-section winding and a cooling end winding is reduced, the axial temperature difference of the stator 20 is reduced, the temperature distribution uniformity is improved, the hot spot temperature difference of the winding is reduced, and the running reliability of a motor 18 is improved;
second, it makes the air quantity reasonable distribution, and the temperature that gets into the motor 18 body through cooling module shaft extension side is reduced with the temperature difference between the non-axle side, improves motor 18 both sides temperature homogeneity, improves the cooling effect of stator 20 simultaneously.
Specifically, the inner fans include a first inner fan 14 and a second inner fan 17 disposed along an axial direction of a rotating shaft 15 of a motor 18;
the cooling floor 32 includes a first air inlet duct 100 and a second air inlet duct 101 disposed along an axial direction of the rotary shaft 15 of the motor 18;
the frame baffle includes:
the first and second base partitions 40 and 41 respectively disposed at both ends of the stator 20 in the axial direction, and the sealing part 31 is respectively connected with the first base partition 40 and the first air inlet duct 100 in a sealing manner; an air flow gap for the air flow to pass through is provided between the second housing partition 41 and the cooling floor 32, thereby reducing the flow resistance of the air flow.
The first and second inner fans 14 and 17 have the same structure, and the first and second air inlet ducts 100 and 101 have the same structure.
Preferably, the cooling floor 32 is provided with air flow through holes for air flow between the second housing partition 41 and the second air duct. The airflow through holes can also be arranged as airflow channels or other structures, the structures of the airflow through holes can be round holes, square holes and the like, and the airflow through holes are arranged according to the needs and are all within the protection scope of the invention.
On the basis of the above embodiments, the stator 20 is provided with a plurality of stator radial air passages 22 and stator axial vent holes 21 penetrating in the axial direction, and air flows into the cooling cover 30 through the stator axial vent holes 21 and the stator radial air passages 22.
The rotor 10 is provided with a plurality of rotor radial air channels 12 and rotor axial vent holes 11 penetrating along the axial direction, and air flows enter the stator radial air channels 22 through the rotor axial vent holes 11 and the rotor radial air channels 12, and all the stator radial air channels 22 and all the rotor radial air channels 12 are arranged in a staggered mode along the axial direction. In one embodiment, the centrally located stator radial air duct 22 and the centrally located rotor radial air duct 12 are disposed in-line, the rotor radial air ducts 12 on either side of the centerline are centered toward the centerline, and the offset distance of each rotor radial air duct 12 from its adjacent stator radial air duct 22 is the same.
The stator axial vent 21 and the rotor axial vent 11 may be circular holes, square holes, or elliptical holes, respectively.
In one embodiment, the cooling medium near the inlet end of the outer air path is taken as a cold end, and the cooling medium near the outlet end of the outer air path is taken as a hot end, so that it can be known that the cooling medium of the outer air path sequentially passes through the first air inlet duct 100 and the second air inlet duct 101, and after entering the motor 18, the cooling medium of the cold end is driven by the first inner fan 14 to be divided into two branches, and the cooling medium of the first branch sequentially enters the rotor axial vent 11, the rotor radial air duct 12, the stator radial air duct 22 and the balance disc 13, and finally enters the cooling cover 30.
After entering the motor 18, the hot-end cooling medium is driven by the second internal fan 17 and is divided into three branches, wherein the cooling medium of the first branch sequentially enters the rotor axial vent 11, the radial air duct of the rotor 10 and the radial air duct 22 of the stator, and finally enters the cooling cover 30 through the balance disc 13; after the second branch cooling medium cools the stator end winding 23 at the hot end, the second branch cooling medium enters the stator axial vent hole 21 to cool the stator 20 and then enters the cooling cover 30, and the third branch cooling medium cools the stator end winding 23 at the hot end and then directly enters the cooling cover 30 through an airflow gap and an airflow hole.
The first base partition plate 40 and the sealing part 31 of the device are in sealing connection, so that a cooling medium is forced to enter the stator axial vent hole 21 to cool the stator 20, and the second base partition plate 41 and the cooling bottom plate 32 are provided with airflow through holes, so that the cooling medium can pass through, and the flow resistance of a hot end is reduced, thereby reducing the axial temperature difference of the stator 20, improving the uniformity of temperature distribution, reducing the hot spot temperature rise of windings and improving the operation reliability of the motor 18.
Finally, it is further noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

Claims (4)

1. An electric motor comprises a cooling cover, a cooling assembly arranged in the cooling cover, an inner fan and an outer fan; the inner fan and the outer fan are arranged on a rotating shaft of the motor, the inner fan is positioned in a shell of the motor, the outer fan is positioned outside the shell of the motor, and the outer fan is used for cooling a cooling medium entering the cooling component; characterized by further comprising:
the machine base partition board is sleeved on the rotating shaft of the motor;
the cooling cover comprises a cooling bottom plate communicated with the shell of the motor, and the cooling bottom plate is provided with an air inlet duct respectively communicated with the interior of the shell of the motor and the cooling cover;
the cooling bottom plate close to the inlet end of the cooling medium of the outer air passage is provided with a sealing part, two ends of which are respectively sealed with the base partition plate and the air inlet passage and used for separating the motor from the cooling cover, so that air flow driven by the inner fan passes through a stator and a rotor of the motor and then enters the cooling cover, and is cooled in the cooling cover by the cooling assembly and then returns into a shell of the motor by the air inlet passage;
the inner fans comprise a first inner fan and a second inner fan which are arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft of the motor; the cooling bottom plate comprises a first air inlet channel and a second air inlet channel which are arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft of the motor;
the machine base partition plate comprises a first machine base partition plate and a second machine base partition plate which are respectively arranged at two ends of the stator along the axial direction, and the sealing part is respectively in sealing connection with the first machine base partition plate and the first air inlet channel; an air flow gap for air flow to pass through is arranged between the second base partition plate and the cooling bottom plate;
the cooling bottom plate is provided with an airflow through hole for airflow to pass through between the second base partition plate and the second air inlet duct; and after the hot end cooling medium enters the inside of the shell of the motor, the hot end cooling medium directly enters the cooling cover through the air flow gap and the air flow through hole under the driving of the second internal fan.
2. The electric machine of claim 1, wherein the stator is provided with a plurality of stator radial air passages and stator axial vent holes extending axially therethrough, air flowing through the stator axial vent holes and the stator radial air passages into the cooling jacket.
3. The motor of claim 2, wherein the rotor is provided with a plurality of rotor radial air passages and rotor axial vent holes penetrating in the axial direction, air flows through the rotor axial vent holes and the rotor radial air passages into the stator radial air passages, and all the stator radial air passages and all the rotor radial air passages are arranged in an axial offset manner.
4. A machine according to claim 3, wherein the stator axial vent and the rotor axial vent are circular, square or elliptical holes, respectively.
CN202010996783.9A 2020-09-21 2020-09-21 Motor Active CN112072855B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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CN202010996783.9A CN112072855B (en) 2020-09-21 2020-09-21 Motor

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CN112072855B true CN112072855B (en) 2023-04-25

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116404809B (en) * 2023-05-26 2023-10-20 河南全新机电设备有限公司 Fan structure for slow-rotation-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102361382A (en) * 2011-10-26 2012-02-22 中电电机股份有限公司 Stator air duct and rotor air duct structure of bipolar motor
CN106059197B (en) * 2016-08-16 2018-04-24 中车株洲电机有限公司 A kind of interior wind path of motor
CN108429402A (en) * 2018-05-21 2018-08-21 广东上水能源科技有限公司 A kind of motor cooling based on coolant liquid
CN210927353U (en) * 2019-11-08 2020-07-03 卧龙电气南阳防爆集团股份有限公司 Low-vibration low-noise vertical motor

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