CN112072628A - Data interface protection circuit and data interface - Google Patents
Data interface protection circuit and data interface Download PDFInfo
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- CN112072628A CN112072628A CN202011001517.4A CN202011001517A CN112072628A CN 112072628 A CN112072628 A CN 112072628A CN 202011001517 A CN202011001517 A CN 202011001517A CN 112072628 A CN112072628 A CN 112072628A
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- protection circuit
- stage
- data interface
- stage protection
- static
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
- H02H9/045—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage adapted to a particular application and not provided for elsewhere
- H02H9/046—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage adapted to a particular application and not provided for elsewhere responsive to excess voltage appearing at terminals of integrated circuits
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of interface circuits and discloses a data interface protection circuit and a data interface, wherein the data interface protection circuit comprises a first-stage protection circuit and a second-stage protection circuit; the first-stage protection circuit is connected with a pin of the data interface, the second-stage protection circuit is connected with the first-stage protection circuit, the first-stage protection circuit and the second-stage protection circuit respectively comprise an anti-static device, one end of the anti-static device is grounded, and the junction capacitance of the anti-static device is smaller than a preset value. The invention can improve the protection level of the data interface, does not influence the data transmission of the interface, and is suitable for high-frequency data interfaces.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of interface circuits, and in particular, to a data interface protection circuit.
Background
In the prior art, an electronic host device is usually connected to many peripherals through connecting wires. The peripheral devices are independently powered, the ground potentials (voltages) of the peripheral devices are usually different, and the peripheral devices with long connecting wires are even mixed with weak wires and strong wires, so that ground loops are large and electromagnetic environment interference is caused. Multiple device interconnections can easily introduce ground and surge surges and interference. These impacts are often of high energy, and although the interface of the electronic device has certain protection capability, the interface of the electronic device still can not bear the impacts often, and devices and chips of the interface are easy to burn.
To combat these impacts, the conventional approach is to use a high power protective device, such as an air tube or a high power TVS tube. These devices are generally large in size and junction capacitance, and are not suitable for interfaces with limited PCB space and high signal frequency, such as HDMI, DVI, SATA, USB and the like.
For example, in a patent with application number CN201920559733.7, entitled communication interface protection circuit, it is disclosed that an interface protection circuit is composed of a bidirectional TVS diode and a resistor; in patent application No. CN201720351105.0, entitled electrostatic protected computer port, it is disclosed that an interface protection circuit is formed by a fuse, a field effect transistor and a resistor connection. The bidirectional TVS diode, the fuse tube and the field effect tube are large in size, and the junction capacitance of the field effect tube is large, so that the bidirectional TVS diode, the fuse tube and the field effect tube are not suitable for interfaces with small size and high signal frequency.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a data interface protection circuit for solving the above technical problems.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a data interface protection circuit, which includes a first-stage protection circuit and a second-stage protection circuit;
the first-stage protection circuit is connected with a pin of the data interface, the second-stage protection circuit is connected with the first-stage protection circuit, the first-stage protection circuit comprises a first anti-static device, the second-stage protection circuit comprises a second anti-static device, one end of the first anti-static device and one end of the second anti-static device are grounded, and junction capacitance of the anti-static device is smaller than a preset value.
Further, the preset values of the junction capacitances of the first and second anti-static devices are as follows: less than 0.5 pF.
Further, the first and second anti-static devices are respectively one of the following: an anti-static diode, an anti-static diode array or an anti-static IC. The method specifically comprises the following steps: an anti-static diode or an integrated array of anti-static diodes.
Further, the second-stage protection circuit comprises a resistor, one end of the resistor is connected with the first anti-static device connected with the first-stage protection circuit, and the other end of the resistor is connected with the second anti-static device of the second protection circuit; or the second-stage protection circuit comprises an EMI common-mode inductor, one end of the EMI common-mode inductor is connected with the first anti-static device connected with the first-stage protection circuit, and the other end of the EMI common-mode inductor is connected with the second anti-static device of the second protection circuit.
Furthermore, the device also comprises a third-stage protection circuit;
the second-stage protection circuit comprises a resistor, one end of the resistor is connected with the first anti-static device connected with the first-stage protection circuit, and the other end of the resistor is connected with the second anti-static device of the second protection circuit;
the third-stage protection circuit is connected with a third anti-static device and an EMI common-mode inductor, one end of the EMI common-mode inductor is connected with the second anti-static device connected with the second-stage protection circuit, and the other end of the EMI common-mode inductor is connected with the third anti-static device of the third-stage protection circuit.
Further, the resistance value of the resistor is less than or equal to 5 ohms.
Further, the EMI common mode inductance is greater than or equal to 90R.
Further, the data interface protection circuit further includes a protection circuit of more than fourth stage, and the protection circuit from the fourth stage to the last stage is any one of the first stage protection circuit, the second stage protection circuit, or the third stage protection circuit.
Further, the data interface includes any one of an HDMI interface, a DVI interface, a SATA interface, and a USB interface.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention further provides another technical solution:
a data interface comprises a protection circuit, wherein the protection circuit is the data interface protection circuit in any one of the technical schemes.
Different from the prior art, the data interface protection circuit in the technical scheme comprises more than two stages of protection circuits, namely a first-stage protection circuit and a second-stage protection circuit, so that the protection level of the data interface is improved, and static electricity and surge impact can be effectively prevented; and the first-stage protection circuit and the second-stage protection circuit respectively adopt small junction capacitance anti-static devices with junction capacitances smaller than a preset value, so that the junction capacitances of the anti-static devices related to the first-stage protection circuit and the second-stage protection circuit are still small, interface data transmission is not influenced, and the high-frequency data interface is applicable to high-frequency data interfaces.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a data interface protection circuit according to an embodiment; (ii) a
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of an HDMI interface protection circuit according to an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of an HDMI interface protection circuit according to another embodiment;
description of reference numerals:
1. a first stage protection circuit;
11. a first anti-static device;
2. a second stage protection circuit;
21. a second anti-static device;
22. a resistance;
3. a third stage protection circuit;
31. a third electrostatic prevention device;
32. an EMI common mode inductor;
4. a fourth stage protection circuit;
41. a fourth anti-static device;
42. a circuit;
Detailed Description
To explain technical contents, structural features, and objects and effects of the technical solutions in detail, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 to fig. 3, the present embodiment provides a data interface protection circuit, which can be used for electrostatic protection of data interfaces such as HDMI, SATA, DVI, USB, and the like. As shown in fig. 1, the protection circuit for a single pin of a data interface includes a first-stage protection circuit 1 and a second-stage protection circuit 2, where the first-stage protection circuit 1 is connected to the pin of the data interface, the second-stage protection circuit 2 is connected to the first-stage protection circuit 1, and a signal input by the data interface sequentially passes through the first-stage protection circuit 1 and the second-stage protection circuit 2 and enters the data interface circuit. The first-stage protection circuit 1 includes a first anti-static device 11, one end of the first anti-static device 11 is connected to a pin of the data interface, and the other end of the first anti-static device 11 is grounded. The second-stage protection circuit 2 includes a second anti-static device 21 and a resistor 22. One end of the resistor 22 is connected to one end of the first anti-static device 11 of the first-stage protection circuit 1 and a pin of the data interface (that is, one end of the resistor 22, one end of the first anti-static device 11 and three ends of the pin of the data interface are connected to each other), the other end of the resistor 22 is connected to one end of the second anti-static device 21, and the other end of the second anti-static device 21 is grounded. In terms of circuit principle, the first anti-static device 11 and the second anti-static device 21 are both grounded and are both pins connected to the data interface, so that the first anti-static device 11 and the second anti-static device 21 are arranged in parallel. The first and second static electricity preventing devices 11 and 21 may be protection devices having a small junction capacitance, such as a static electricity preventing diode, a static electricity preventing diode array, or a static electricity preventing IC. Specifically, the anti-static diode is different from the anti-static diode array in that the anti-static diode is a discrete anti-static diode, and the anti-static diode array is integrated with a plurality of anti-static diodes. The junction capacitance of the anti-static device is smaller than a preset value, the anti-static device can effectively absorb static electricity, and the anti-static device has a protection effect on external impact at a static level.
The signals output and input by the pins of the data interface are respectively processed by the first-stage protection circuit 1 and the second-stage protection circuit 2, so that static electricity in the signals can be effectively attracted, and the data interface circuit is prevented from being burnt by the static electricity. Because of the limitation of the PCB space and junction capacitance parameters of the interface circuit, the first anti-static device 11 and the second anti-static device 21 need to be miniaturized, so that the power absorbed by the first anti-static device 11 of the first-stage protection circuit 1 is generally less than 40W, and surge impact cannot be resisted, thereby causing the damage of the protection device and the data interface chip at the rear stage.
Therefore, the second-stage protection circuit 2 is provided in this embodiment, the second-stage protection circuit 2 includes the resistor 22, the resistor 22 is a small resistor, and the resistance value of the small resistor is less than or equal to 5 ohms, and the resistor 22 and the second anti-static device 21 in the second-stage protection circuit 2 can continuously absorb surge impact energy which cannot be completely absorbed by the first-stage protection circuit 1, so as to improve the protection level of the circuit. Since the resistance value of the resistor 22 is small, static electricity of the first-stage protection circuit 1 and the second-stage protection circuit 2 can be isolated. The resistor 22 can avoid the problem of parameter degradation caused by the inconsistency of the parameters of the anti-static devices when the anti-static devices of the first-stage protection circuit 1 and the second-stage protection circuit are directly connected in parallel, and meanwhile, the small-resistance resistor 22 has small influence on the signals of the data interface. Preferably, the resistance of the resistor 22 is less than or equal to 3.3 ohms.
As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the data interface protection circuit further includes a third-stage protection circuit 3. The third-stage protection circuit 3 comprises a third static prevention device 31 and an EMI common-mode inductor 32, wherein one end of the EMI common-mode inductor 32 is connected with the second static prevention device 21 in the second-stage protection circuit 2, the other end of the EMI common-mode inductor 32 is connected with the third static prevention device 31 in the third-stage protection circuit 3, and the other end of the third static prevention device 31 is grounded. Preferably, the EMI common mode inductance is greater than or equal to 90R. Therefore, the signal passing through the second-stage protection circuit 2 is processed by the third-stage protection circuit, and the third electrostatic prevention device 31 in the third-stage protection circuit 3 can continuously absorb the residual impact surge energy which cannot be completely absorbed by the previous two-stage protection circuit, so that the impact of the surge on the rear-stage interface chip is further delayed. And the EMI common mode inductor 32 may also suppress EMI radiation.
The following is an application of the data interface protection circuit to a set-top box HDMI interface, where the data interface protection circuit is disposed in the set-top box HDMI interface circuit, and as shown in fig. 2, the data interface protection circuit is a circuit diagram of the HDMI interface protection circuit. Through practical test, the protection effect performance of the set-top box HDMI interface adopting the data interface protection circuit is improved remarkably: (1) before improvement, the set-top box uses a common single protection device, the anti-surge capacity of the set-top box is less than 500V, after improvement, the HDMI signal line passes through the first-stage protection circuit to the third-stage protection circuit, the protection capacity of the HDMI signal line can reach more than 1300V, and the HDMI control line can be improved to more than 2500V surge resistance from the original 500V surge resistance only by using two-stage protection; (2) because the anti-static devices with small junction capacitance are adopted, the distribution parameters of the anti-static devices are small, and the signal quality of the HDMI signal such as an eye pattern is tested to be less influenced by the anti-static devices, so that the standard requirements can be met; (3) because the universal protection devices such as the anti-static diode are used, the cost increased by the single-circuit protection circuit is less; (4) one of the original failures with higher failure rate is the damage of an interface circuit, and the failure rate can be greatly reduced after the circuit is used: the maintenance of one machine needs local technical customer service to replace the machine at home and send the machine back to the outside for maintenance, and particularly under the large background that the labor cost is higher and higher, the economic benefit is more obvious.
In practical application, the sequence of the second-stage protection circuit and the third-stage protection circuit can be adjusted according to specific protection requirements; the number of protection circuits and stages in the data interface protection circuit can be increased or decreased according to the specific protection requirement. For example, in some embodiments, the data interface protection circuit may only be provided with two stages of protection circuits, wherein the first stage of protection circuit is the same as the first stage of protection circuit in the above embodiments, and the second stage of protection circuit may be any one of the second stage of protection circuit or the third stage of protection circuit in the above embodiments. Or, in another embodiment, the data interface protection circuit is provided with more than four levels of protection circuits, wherein the first level of protection circuit is the same as the first level of protection circuit in the above embodiment, and the second level of protection circuit, the third level of protection circuit to the last level of protection circuit may be any combination of the second level of protection circuit and the third level of protection circuit in the above embodiment.
As shown in fig. 3, in an embodiment, the data interface protection circuit further includes a protection circuit 4 of at least a fourth stage, and the protection circuits from the fourth stage 4 to the last stage are any one of the first stage protection circuit 1, the second stage protection circuit 2, or the third stage protection circuit 3. For example, in the HDMI interface protection circuit, a first stage protection circuit 1, a second stage protection circuit 2, a third stage protection circuit, and a fourth stage protection circuit 4 are provided, where the second stage protection circuit 2 and the third stage protection circuit 3 are the same as the second stage protection circuit and the third stage protection circuit in the above embodiment, and the fourth stage protection circuit 4 includes a fourth anti-static device 41 and a resistor 42. The fourth-stage protection circuit 4 has the same structure as the second-stage protection circuit 2.
In another embodiment, a data interface is provided, where a signal input terminal of the data interface is provided with a protection circuit, and the protection circuit is the data interface protection circuit described in any one of the above embodiments.
It should be noted that, although the above embodiments have been described herein, the invention is not limited thereto. Therefore, based on the innovative concepts of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention can be directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields by making changes and modifications to the embodiments described herein, or by using equivalent structures or equivalent processes performed in the content of the present specification and the attached drawings, which are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A data interface protection circuit is characterized by comprising a first-stage protection circuit and a second-stage protection circuit;
the first-stage protection circuit is connected with a pin of the data interface, the second-stage protection circuit is connected with the first-stage protection circuit, the first-stage protection circuit comprises a first anti-static device, the second-stage protection circuit comprises a second anti-static device, one end of the first anti-static device and one end of the second anti-static device are respectively grounded, and junction capacitances of the first anti-static device and the second anti-static device are smaller than a preset value.
2. The data interface protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the preset values of the junction capacitances of the first and second anti-static devices are: 0.5 pF.
3. The data interface protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the first and second anti-static devices are each one of the following: an anti-static diode, an anti-static diode array or an anti-static IC.
4. The data interface protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the second stage protection circuit comprises a resistor, one end of the resistor is connected to the first anti-static device connected to the first stage protection circuit, and the other end of the resistor is connected to the second anti-static device of the second stage protection circuit; or the second-stage protection circuit comprises an EMI common-mode inductor, one end of the EMI common-mode inductor is connected with the first anti-static device connected with the first-stage protection circuit, and the other end of the EMI common-mode inductor is connected with the second anti-static device of the second protection circuit.
5. The data interface protection circuit of claim 1, further comprising a third level protection circuit;
the second-stage protection circuit comprises a resistor, one end of the resistor is connected with the first anti-static device connected with the first-stage protection circuit, and the other end of the resistor is connected with the second anti-static device of the second protection circuit;
the third-stage protection circuit is connected with a third anti-static device and an EMI common-mode inductor, one end of the EMI common-mode inductor is connected with the second anti-static device connected with the second-stage protection circuit, and the other end of the EMI common-mode inductor is connected with the third anti-static device of the third-stage protection circuit.
6. The data interface protection circuit of claim 4 or 5, wherein the resistance of the resistor is less than or equal to 5 ohms.
7. The data interface protection circuit of any one of claims 4 or 5, wherein the EMI common mode inductance is greater than or equal to 90R.
8. The data interface protection circuit according to claim 5, comprising more than fourth stage protection circuits, wherein the fourth stage protection circuit to the last stage protection circuit are any one of the first stage protection circuit, the second stage protection circuit or the third stage protection circuit.
9. The protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the data interface comprises any one of an HDMI interface, a DVI interface, a SATA interface, and a USB interface.
10. A data interface comprising a protection circuit, wherein the protection circuit is a data interface protection circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011001517.4A CN112072628A (en) | 2020-09-22 | 2020-09-22 | Data interface protection circuit and data interface |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011001517.4A CN112072628A (en) | 2020-09-22 | 2020-09-22 | Data interface protection circuit and data interface |
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| CN112072628A true CN112072628A (en) | 2020-12-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202011001517.4A Pending CN112072628A (en) | 2020-09-22 | 2020-09-22 | Data interface protection circuit and data interface |
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| CN (1) | CN112072628A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114123149A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-03-01 | 上海创远仪器技术股份有限公司 | Circuit structure for realizing enhanced port electrostatic protection |
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| CN101162840A (en) * | 2006-10-11 | 2008-04-16 | 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 | Interface protective circuit |
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