CN112072203B - Battery pack of electric vehicle and battery module heat management unit thereof - Google Patents
Battery pack of electric vehicle and battery module heat management unit thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112072203B CN112072203B CN202010863747.5A CN202010863747A CN112072203B CN 112072203 B CN112072203 B CN 112072203B CN 202010863747 A CN202010863747 A CN 202010863747A CN 112072203 B CN112072203 B CN 112072203B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6551—Surfaces specially adapted for heat dissipation or radiation, e.g. fins or coatings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
- H01M10/6557—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange arranged between the cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6561—Gases
- H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
- H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6569—Fluids undergoing a liquid-gas phase change or transition, e.g. evaporation or condensation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electric vehicle battery pack and a battery module heat management unit thereof, relates to the technical field of batteries, and particularly comprises executing elements such as a pulsating heat pipe, a liquid cooling plate, a wind source, an integrated water tank and a heat source.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to an electric vehicle battery pack with coupled heating and heat dissipation functions and a battery module heat management unit thereof.
Background
The invention discloses a Chinese patent with the application number of CN201711387240.1, relates to the technical field of battery thermal management, and discloses a battery pack thermal management system and a battery pack, and aims to solve the technical problem that a plurality of battery modules can be subjected to temperature regulation respectively. The main technical scheme adopted is as follows: a battery pack thermal management system, comprising: the main liquid circulation pipeline is internally provided with a circulating water pump, a heater and a radiator; the branch liquid circulating pipelines are sequentially connected in parallel between an output port and an input port of the main liquid circulating pipeline; the flow regulating valves are respectively arranged in the branch liquid circulating pipelines; the plurality of heat exchangers are respectively connected with the plurality of liquid circulation pipelines, and the plurality of heat exchangers are respectively used for being connected with the plurality of battery modules and used for carrying out thermal regulation on the battery modules. The invention provides a battery pack thermal management system which can be used for simultaneously adjusting the temperature of a plurality of battery modules.
Such as the battery pack thermal management system disclosed in the above-identified patent, there are relatively few battery packs that couple the heating and heat dissipation efficiencies.
In addition, as for the heat dissipation technology of the battery pack heat management system in the prior art, air cooling is simple, convenient and feasible, but the air has low heat transfer efficiency and low cooling speed, and is easily influenced by the environmental temperature; compared with liquid cooling and air cooling, the heat transfer coefficient of liquid is generally higher than that of air, and the boundary layer of liquid is thinner, so that the heat conductivity of the liquid is higher, the liquid cooling technology has a better heat dissipation effect, but liquid leakage is easily caused, the arrangement of pipelines is more complex, the cost is higher, and the maintenance of a system is more difficult; compared with the two cooling modes, the phase-change material cooling mode has the advantages that as the phase-change material is low in heat conductivity coefficient and needs to be subjected to leakage-proof design when the volume expands during phase change, the system is complex; the heat pipe is an efficient heat conduction device, and is an ideal cooling method when applied to battery heat management. However, in the current research, the working media in the heat pipe are mainly water, ethanol, acetone and the like with low heat conductivity coefficient, and the shape of the heat pipe cannot be well matched with the battery, so that the high-efficiency heat dissipation of the heat pipe is limited.
In terms of the heating technology of the battery pack heat management system in the prior art, the battery needs to be charged and discharged in an internal heating mode in a cold region and a low-temperature environment, so that the performance of the battery is attenuated. And the self-heating mode, the battery pack is heated by using the third electrode is a great technical challenge, the self structure of the battery is changed, once the temperature control switch fails, the battery is heated out of control, certain potential safety hazards exist, and the reliability of the battery pack needs to be further researched. The external heating mode is safe and easy to realize, but the energy loss is large and the heating speed is slow. Meanwhile, the heating power of the external heating mode is easily limited by the risk of local overheating, so that the temperature of the battery is increased unevenly. If the air heating system has blind areas which cannot be reached in the battery box, the temperature has uncertainty, and compared with the air heating system, the heating mode utilizing the liquid heat flow can obtain higher heat transfer efficiency. However, the traditional method for introducing liquid into the bottom of the battery box has higher requirements on the sealing performance of the battery box, and the reliability of the battery box is more difficult to guarantee.
In summary, the battery pack thermal management system of the prior art has problems of less coupled heating and heat dissipation, and lower reliability by adopting a liquid heat conduction mode.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a coupling heating and heat dissipation electric vehicle battery pack and a battery module heat management unit thereof, which are high in reliability by adopting a pulsating heat pipe to be in contact with the battery pack, and solves the technical problems that the coupling heating and heat dissipation are less and the reliability is lower by adopting a liquid heat conduction mode in the related technology.
According to one aspect of the invention, an electric vehicle battery pack and a battery module thermal management unit thereof are provided, which comprise:
the pulsating heat pipe is arranged between the battery units of the battery module, the interior of the pulsating heat pipe is filled with a mixed nano fluid working medium formed by mixing a base liquid and a working medium, the base liquid is ethanol, and the working medium is TiO2A nanofluid;
the pulsating heat pipe is divided into a first heat exchange section, a heat insulation section and a second heat exchange section, the second heat exchange section is separated from the first heat exchange section by the heat insulation section, and the first heat exchange section is in heat conduction contact with the battery unit of the battery module;
the liquid cooling plate is connected with the pulsating heat pipe and is in heat conduction contact with the second heat exchange section of the pulsating heat pipe, and an inner pipeline is arranged inside the liquid cooling plate and is communicated with the integrated water tank through a cooling pipe;
the bottom of the liquid cooling plate is provided with a wind source;
the integrated water tank is internally provided with a water tank for containing a heat-conducting medium and an equipment chamber for containing a pump, and the pump provides flow energy for the heat-conducting medium so that the heat-conducting medium circularly flows between the inner pipeline of the liquid cooling plate and the water tank;
a heat source for heating the heat-conducting medium is also arranged in the water tank; the heat source can heat the heat-conducting medium and provide heat for the heat-conducting medium.
The battery pack of the electric vehicle and the thermal management unit of the battery module thereof,
the method comprises the steps that a first mode is started when a first preset condition is met, in the first mode, a first heat exchange section of a pulsating heat pipe is used as an evaporation section, a second heat exchange section is used as a condensation section, heat is transferred from the evaporation section to the condensation section, heat of a battery unit of a battery module is transferred to a liquid cooling plate, a pump drives a heat-conducting medium to circulate between the liquid cooling plate and an integrated water tank, and a wind power source is started to radiate heat of the liquid cooling plate;
starting a second mode when a second preset condition is met, wherein in the second mode, a first heat exchange section of the pulsating heat pipe is used as an evaporation section, a second heat exchange section is used as a condensation section, heat is transferred from the evaporation section to the condensation section, heat of a battery unit of the battery module is transferred to the liquid cooling plate, the pump drives a heat-conducting medium to circulate between the liquid cooling plate and the integrated water tank, and the liquid cooling plate dissipates the heat of the heat-conducting medium into the air;
starting a third mode when a third preset condition is met, wherein in the third mode, a heat source heats a heat-conducting medium, a pump drives the heat-conducting medium to circulate between a liquid cooling plate and an integrated water tank, a first heat exchange section of a pulsating heat pipe is used as a condensation section, a second heat exchange section is used as an evaporation section, heat is transferred from the evaporation section to the condensation section, and the heat of the heat-conducting medium and the heat of the liquid cooling plate are transferred to a battery unit of the battery module;
the first, second and third predetermined conditions are that the parameter of the battery module reaches a predetermined range.
By adopting the technical scheme, various parameters of the battery module are used as preset conditions, the working mode of the thermal management unit is determined through conversion, the temperature regulation, the coupling heating and the heat dissipation of the battery module can be more matched, the pulsating heat pipe is adopted to be in contact with the battery pack, the passage of the heat-conducting medium does not need to pass through the battery units, the reliability is high, and the technical problems that the coupling heating and the heat dissipation are less and the reliability is lower in a liquid heat-conducting mode in the related technology are solved.
Furthermore, the liquid cooling plate is in heat conduction contact with the pulsating heat pipe, and a groove for filling a second heat exchange section of the pulsating heat pipe is formed in the top surface of the liquid cooling plate.
Further, the bottom of the liquid cooling plate is provided with fins.
Furthermore, the two ends of the inner pipeline of the liquid cooling plate are respectively provided with an inlet and an outlet, the integrated water tank is provided with a corresponding inlet and an outlet, the cooling pipe is connected with the inlet of the inner pipeline and the outlet of the integrated water tank, the inlet of the integrated water tank is connected with the outlet of the inner pipeline through the cooling pipe, the inlet and the outlet of the integrated water tank are both communicated with the inner space of the water tank, the inlet of the pump is connected with the inlet of the integrated water tank, and the outlet of the pump is connected with the outlet of the integrated water tank.
Further, the first preset condition is that the temperature T of the battery module is more than or equal to 35 ℃;
the second preset condition is that the temperature T of the battery module is more than or equal to 5 and less than 35 ℃;
the third preset condition is that the temperature T of the battery module is less than 5 ℃.
Furthermore, the first heat exchange section and the second heat exchange section of the pulsating heat pipe are both made of hard metal materials, and the heat insulation section is made of flexible materials; the first heat exchange section of the pulsating heat pipe is connected with a support which can move relative to the battery unit, and the support is connected with a linear driving mechanism which drives the support to move along the long side of the pulsating heat pipe.
Further, the first heat exchange section moves by a stroke less than 1/5 the length of the adiabatic section.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the battery module heat management system is coupled with heat pipe, air cooling and liquid cooling heat management modes, so that the battery module heating and heat dissipation management integration is realized, and the actual application requirements of the vehicle market are met.
Secondly, the battery module thermal management system adopts a pulsating heat pipe with high thermal conductivity as a heat transfer core element and is matched with metal oxide (TiO)2) The suspension liquid is used as a working medium of the heat pipe, so that the problem that the traditional heat pipe is limited in efficient heat transfer in battery heat management is solved; meanwhile, a liquid cooling mode is used as a main heat management mode, the integrated water tank is designed while the high-efficiency heat transfer performance of liquid cooling is utilized, and the problems that liquid cooling pipelines are complex in arrangement, high in cost, difficult in system maintenance and the like are solved.
And thirdly, a liquid-cooled main heat management mode is adopted, the integration of heat dissipation and heating is realized, higher heating and heat dissipation heat transfer efficiency can be obtained by utilizing a liquid convection mode, and the heating and heat dissipation effects are obvious. The heat pipe and the liquid cooling plate are attached to each other and are transmitted to the integrated water tank through the liquid cooling pipeline, the traditional method that liquid is introduced into the bottom of the battery box is avoided, the requirement on high sealing performance of the battery box is reduced, and the reliability is easy to guarantee.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the thermal management principle of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a combination of a battery module and a pulsating heat pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a liquid-cooled panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an integrated water tank according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a pulsating heat pipe in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a pulsating heat pipe setting bracket according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: the heat exchanger comprises a pulsating heat pipe 100, a first heat exchange section 110, a heat insulation section 120, a second heat exchange section 130, a bracket 111, a liquid cooling plate 200, a groove 210, an integrated water tank 300, a water tank 310, an equipment room 320, a pump 330, a heat source 340 and a battery module 400.
Detailed Description
The subject matter described herein will now be discussed with reference to example embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are discussed only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and thereby implement the subject matter described herein, and are not intended to limit the scope, applicability, or examples set forth in the claims. Changes may be made in the function and arrangement of elements discussed without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Various examples may omit, substitute, or add various procedures or components as needed. For example, the described methods may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. In addition, features described with respect to some examples may also be combined in other examples.
In this embodiment, an electric vehicle battery pack and a battery module thermal management unit thereof are provided, as shown in fig. 1, which is a schematic diagram of a thermal management principle according to the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the electric vehicle battery pack and the battery module thermal management unit thereof include:
a pulsating heat pipe 100 arranged between the battery units of the battery module 400, wherein the pulsating heat pipe 100 is filled with a mixed nano fluid working medium formed by mixing a base liquid and a working medium, the base liquid is ethanol, and the working medium is TiO2A nanofluid. The pulsating heat pipe 100 has high heat conductivity, can realize efficient heat transfer, has a simple structure and low cost, realizes miniaturization and high flexibility, and is just suitable for being used as a heat transfer device.
The pulsating heat pipe 100 is divided into a first heat exchange section 110, a heat insulation section 120 and a second heat exchange section 130, the second heat exchange section 130 is separated from the first heat exchange section 110 by the heat insulation section 120, and the first heat exchange section 110 is in heat conduction contact with the battery unit of the battery module 400;
the liquid cooling plate 200 is connected with the pulsating heat pipe 100 and is in heat conduction contact with the second heat exchange section 130 of the pulsating heat pipe 100, and an inner pipeline is arranged inside the liquid cooling plate 200 and is communicated with the integrated water tank 300 through a cooling pipe; specifically, the two ends of the inner pipe are respectively provided with an inlet and an outlet, the integrated water tank 300 is provided with a corresponding inlet and outlet, the cooling pipe is connected with the inlet of the inner pipe and the outlet of the integrated water tank 300, and the inlet of the integrated water tank 300 is connected with the outlet of the inner pipe through the cooling pipe.
The heat conducting contact between the liquid cooling plate 200 and the pulsating heat pipe 100 is that the top surface of the liquid cooling plate 200 is provided with a groove 210 for filling the second heat exchange section 130 of the pulsating heat pipe 100.
The material of the liquid cooling plate 200 may be selected from, but not limited to: a metal or nonmetal that conducts heat well, such as aluminum. The liquid cooling plate 200 with good heat conduction can dissipate heat through heat exchange between the surface and air, and further to improve the effect, the surface area of the liquid cooling plate 200 may be increased, for example, the bottom of the liquid cooling plate 200 is provided with fins.
The bottom of the liquid cooling plate 200 is provided with a wind power source for dissipating heat of the liquid cooling plate 200 and the heat transfer medium inside into the air in a wind cooling manner.
The inner pipeline of the liquid cooling plate 200 is formed by a cavity arranged inside the liquid cooling plate 200, and the cavity is integrally snakelike and can provide the stroke of a heat-conducting medium in the liquid cooling plate 200.
An integrated water tank 300, wherein a water tank 310 for containing a heat transfer medium and an equipment room 320 for containing a pump 330 are arranged inside the integrated water tank 300, and the pump 330 provides flow energy for the heat transfer medium to enable the heat transfer medium to circularly flow between the inner pipeline of the liquid cooling plate 200 and the water tank 310; the inlet and the outlet of the integrated water tank 300 are communicated with the inner space of the water tank 310, the inlet of the pump 330 is connected to the inlet of the integrated water tank 300, and the outlet of the pump 330 is connected to the outlet of the integrated water tank 300.
A heat source 340 for heating the heat-conducting medium is also arranged in the water tank 310; the heat source 340 is capable of heating the heat transfer medium to provide heat thereto.
Still be equipped with relief valve and water filling port on the integrated form water tank 300, the relief valve prevents because the water tank internal pressure that expend with heat and contract with cold and lead to is too big, plays the effect of pressure release, and the relief valve of chooseing for use not only has the function of pressure release, also has waterproof dirt-proof ability. The main function of the water injection port is to inject a heat transfer medium into the integrated water tank 300.
The heat source 340 may be selected from, but not limited to: electric heaters, combustion heaters.
The equipment room 320 is also provided with an electrical controller for controlling the pump 330, the heat source 340, the wind source, the sensor, and the like, and the electrical controller detects various parameters such as the temperature of the battery module 400 through the sensor, and controls the operation and power of the pump 330, the heat source 340, and the wind source.
The battery pack of the electric vehicle and the thermal management unit of the battery module thereof,
the first mode is started when a first preset condition is met, in the first mode, the first heat exchange section 110 of the pulsating heat pipe 100 serves as an evaporation section, the second heat exchange section 130 serves as a condensation section, heat is transferred from the evaporation section to the condensation section, heat of the battery unit of the battery module 400 is transferred to the liquid cooling plate 200, the pump 330 drives a heat-conducting medium to circulate between the liquid cooling plate 200 and the integrated water tank 300, and the wind power source is started to dissipate heat of the liquid cooling plate 200. The heat dissipation effect in this mode is best, and not only the heat dissipation between the surface of the liquid cooling plate 200 and the air is realized, but also the wind power source accelerates the air flow to improve the heat dissipation speed;
and when a second preset condition is met, a second mode is started, in the second mode, the first heat exchange section 110 of the pulsating heat pipe 100 is used as an evaporation section, the second heat exchange section 130 is used as a condensation section, heat is transferred from the evaporation section to the condensation section, the heat of the battery unit of the battery module 400 is transferred to the liquid cooling plate 200, the pump 330 drives the heat-conducting medium to circulate between the liquid cooling plate 200 and the integrated water tank 300, and the liquid cooling plate 200 dissipates the heat of the heat-conducting medium into the air. Compared with the first mode, the heat dissipation efficiency in this mode is lower, and only the surface of the liquid cooling plate 200 and the air dissipate heat;
the third mode is started when a third predetermined condition is met, in the third mode, the heat source 340 heats the heat-conducting medium, the pump 330 drives the heat-conducting medium to circulate between the liquid cooling plate 200 and the integrated water tank 300, the first heat exchange section 110 of the pulsating heat pipe 100 serves as a condensation section, the second heat exchange section 130 serves as an evaporation section, heat is transferred from the evaporation section to the condensation section, and the heat of the heat-conducting medium and the liquid cooling plate 200 is transferred to the battery unit of the battery module 400. Heating the battery cell in this mode;
the first predetermined condition may be that the temperature, voltage, current, time, etc. of the battery module 400 reach a predetermined range;
the second predetermined condition may be that the temperature, voltage, current, time, etc. of the battery module 400 reach a predetermined range;
the third predetermined condition may be that the temperature, voltage, current, time, etc. of the battery module 400 reach a predetermined range;
as an embodiment, the method is applied to thermal management of full-time environments such as charging, discharging and the like:
the temperature T of the battery module 400 is more than or equal to 35 ℃ and is used as a first preset condition, the temperature T of the battery module 400 is more than or equal to 5 ℃ and is less than 35 ℃ and is used as a second preset condition, and the temperature T of the battery module 400 is less than 5 ℃ and is used as a third preset condition;
starting a first mode when the temperature T of the battery module 400 is more than or equal to 35 ℃ to start strong heat dissipation;
starting a second mode to start weak heat dissipation when the temperature T of the battery module 400 is more than or equal to 5 and less than 35 ℃;
and starting the third mode to heat when the temperature T of the battery module 400 is less than 5 ℃.
As a second embodiment, the method is applied to thermal management under a discharge condition:
the method comprises the following steps of adopting a first preset condition that the discharge current or the discharge voltage of the battery module 400 exceeds a threshold value, adopting a second preset condition that the temperature T is more than or equal to 35 ℃, and adopting a third preset condition that the temperature T of the battery module 400 is less than 5 ℃;
the threshold of the discharge current or the discharge voltage is obtained or adaptively preset according to parameters of the battery modules 400 of different specifications and models.
Starting a first mode when the discharge current or the discharge voltage of the battery module 400 exceeds a threshold value, and starting strong heat dissipation;
starting a second mode to start weak heat dissipation when the temperature T of the battery module 400 is more than or equal to 35 ℃;
starting a third mode to heat when the temperature T of the battery module 400 is less than 5 ℃;
in this embodiment, the battery module 400 can be thermally managed in combination with the temperature and the output of the battery module 400;
as a third embodiment, the method is applied to thermal management under charging conditions:
the charging current or the charging voltage of the battery module 400 exceeds a threshold value to serve as a first preset condition, the temperature T is more than or equal to 35 ℃ to serve as a second preset condition, and the temperature T of the battery module 400 is less than 5 ℃ to serve as a third preset condition;
the threshold of the charging current or the charging voltage is obtained or adaptively preset according to parameters of the battery modules 400 of different specifications and models.
Starting a first mode when the discharge current or the discharge voltage of the battery module 400 exceeds a threshold value, and starting strong heat dissipation;
starting a second mode to start weak heat dissipation when the temperature T of the battery module 400 is more than or equal to 35 ℃;
starting a third mode to heat when the temperature T of the battery module 400 is less than 5 ℃;
in such an embodiment, the battery module 400 can be thermally managed in combination with the temperature and the charging condition of the battery module 400.
The first preset conditions can be set to be multiple, and the multiple first preset conditions can be logical judgment relations of and, for example, one first preset condition is that the temperature T is more than or equal to 35 ℃, and the other first preset condition is that the discharge voltage exceeds the threshold;
the first mode may be started when two first preset conditions are simultaneously satisfied, or the first mode may be started when any one of the first preset conditions is satisfied.
The temperature, voltage, current and time of the battery module 400 can be integrated as parameters to perform integrated diversified thermal management through the combination of the preset conditions corresponding to the three modes, and the parameters are not limited to the parameters with a single dimension to be used as the basis for thermal management.
Regardless of the specific embodiment, the heat dissipation transmission path of the battery module 400 is, in general, the outer surface of the battery cell → the heat pipe evaporation section → the heat pipe condensation section → the liquid cooling plate 200 with the inner pipe → the liquid cooling pipe → the integrated water tank 300;
the heating transmission path is the integrated water tank 300 → the liquid cooling pipe → the pipe inside the liquid cooling plate 200 → the heat pipe evaporation section → the heat pipe condensation section → the outer surface of the battery;
based on the characteristics of the pulsating heat pipe 100, there is a section of the heat insulating section 120, and the distance between the battery module 400 and the liquid cooling plate 200 cannot be set too large, so that a part of the heat insulating section 120 is in contact with the battery module 400, and actually, the area where the battery unit is in heat-conducting contact with the first heat exchanging section 110 is limited; to solve this problem, a heat conducting surface may be disposed on a surface of the battery unit in heat conducting contact with the first heat exchange section 110;
as shown in fig. 6, to further solve this problem, the present embodiment provides the following means:
the materials of the first heat exchange section 110 and the second heat exchange section 130 of the pulsating heat pipe 100 are both hard metal materials, such as copper, and the material of the heat insulation section 120 is flexible material; the first heat exchange section 110 of the pulsating heat pipe 100 is connected with a bracket 111 which can move relative to the battery unit, and the bracket 111 is connected with a linear driving mechanism for driving the bracket 111 to move along the long side of the pulsating heat pipe 100;
the bracket 111 drives the first heat exchange section 110 to move relative to the battery unit in the plane of the pulsating heat pipe 100 in the process of linear movement by the linear driving mechanism, so that the first heat exchange section 110 can be in heat conduction contact with a larger area on the surface of the battery unit;
on the other hand, the first heat exchange segment 110 moves relative to the second heat exchange segment 130 in the plane of the pulsating heat pipe 100, and the heat insulation segment 120 transitions between a straight shape and a curved shape as the distance changes, so that it is necessary to keep the stroke of the first heat exchange segment 110 less than 1/5 of the length of the heat insulation segment 120 to keep the heat conduction effect of the pulsating heat pipe 100 continuous.
The linear driving mechanism can be selected from but not limited to a ball screw pair, an air cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder and a winch which are connected with a motor;
the support 111 and the battery unit can move, and the support 111 and the battery unit are connected through a linear sliding rail.
The filling rate of the pulsating heat pipe 100 is 46-53%. Tests show that the first heat exchange section 110 can still have the heat conduction effect when moving to the low position under the condition that the filling rate is within the range.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides an electric automobile battery package and battery module thermal management unit thereof which characterized in that includes:
the pulsating heat pipe (100) is arranged between the battery units of the battery module (400), a mixed nano fluid working medium formed by mixing a base liquid and a working medium is filled in the pulsating heat pipe (100), the base liquid is ethanol, and the working medium is TiO2A nanofluid;
the pulsating heat pipe (100) is divided into a first heat exchange section (110), a heat insulation section (120) and a second heat exchange section (130), the second heat exchange section (130) is separated from the first heat exchange section (110) by the heat insulation section (120), and the first heat exchange section (110) is in heat conduction contact with the battery unit of the battery module (400);
the liquid cooling plate (200) is connected with the pulsating heat pipe (100) and is in heat conduction contact with the second heat exchange section (130) of the pulsating heat pipe (100), an inner pipeline is arranged inside the liquid cooling plate (200), and the inner pipeline is communicated with the integrated water tank (300) through a cooling pipe;
the bottom of the liquid cooling plate (200) is provided with a wind source;
the integrated water tank (300), the inside of the integrated water tank (300) is provided with a water tank (310) for containing a heat-conducting medium and an equipment room (320) for containing a pump (330), and the pump (330) provides flow energy for the heat-conducting medium, so that the heat-conducting medium circularly flows between the inner pipeline of the liquid cooling plate (200) and the water tank (310);
a heat source (340) for heating the heat-conducting medium is also arranged in the water tank (310); the heat source (340) can heat the heat-conducting medium and provide heat for the heat-conducting medium;
the battery pack of the electric vehicle and the thermal management unit of the battery module thereof,
the method comprises the steps that a first mode is started when a first preset condition is met, in the first mode, a first heat exchange section (110) of a pulsating heat pipe (100) serves as an evaporation section, a second heat exchange section (130) serves as a condensation section, heat is transferred from the evaporation section to the condensation section, the heat of a battery unit of a battery module (400) is transferred to a liquid cooling plate (200), a pump (330) drives a heat-conducting medium to circulate between the liquid cooling plate (200) and an integrated water tank (300), and a wind power source is started to radiate heat of the liquid cooling plate (200);
starting a second mode when a second preset condition is met, wherein in the second mode, a first heat exchange section (110) of the pulsating heat pipe (100) is used as an evaporation section, a second heat exchange section (130) is used as a condensation section, heat is transferred from the evaporation section to the condensation section, the heat of the battery unit of the battery module (400) is transferred to the liquid cooling plate (200), the pump (330) drives a heat-conducting medium to circulate between the liquid cooling plate (200) and the integrated water tank (300), and the liquid cooling plate (200) dissipates the heat of the heat-conducting medium into the air;
the third mode is started when a third preset condition is met, in the third mode, a heat source (340) heats a heat-conducting medium, a pump (330) drives the heat-conducting medium to circulate between a liquid cooling plate (200) and an integrated water tank (300), a first heat exchange section (110) of a pulsating heat pipe (100) serves as a condensation section, a second heat exchange section (130) serves as an evaporation section, heat is transferred from the evaporation section to the condensation section, and the heat of the heat-conducting medium and the liquid cooling plate (200) is transferred to a battery unit of a battery module (400);
the first preset condition, the second preset condition and the third preset condition are that the parameter of the battery module (400) reaches a preset range;
the materials of the first heat exchange section (110) and the second heat exchange section (130) of the pulsating heat pipe (100) are both hard metal materials, and the material of the heat insulation section (120) is a flexible material; the first heat exchange section (110) of the pulsating heat pipe (100) is connected with a bracket (111) which can move relative to the battery unit, and the bracket (111) is connected with a linear driving mechanism for driving the bracket (111) to move along the long edge of the pulsating heat pipe (100);
the first heat exchange section (110) moves by a stroke less than 1/5 of the length of the heat insulation section (120);
the filling rate of the pulsating heat pipe 100 is 46-53%.
2. The battery pack for the electric vehicle and the battery module heat management unit of the battery pack for the electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the liquid cooling plate (200) is in heat conduction contact with the pulsating heat pipe (100) by providing a groove (210) on the top surface of the liquid cooling plate (200) for filling the second heat exchange section (130) of the pulsating heat pipe (100).
3. The battery pack for the electric vehicle and the battery module thermal management unit of the battery pack for the electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein fins are arranged at the bottom of the liquid cooling plate (200).
4. The battery pack for the electric vehicle and the battery module thermal management unit of the battery pack for the electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the liquid cooling plate (200) has an inlet and an outlet at two ends of an inner pipe, the integrated water tank (300) has corresponding inlets and outlets, the cooling pipe connects the inlet of the inner pipe and the outlet of the integrated water tank (300), the inlet of the integrated water tank (300) connects the outlet of the inner pipe through the cooling pipe, the inlet and the outlet of the integrated water tank (300) are both connected to the inner space of the water tank (310), the inlet of the pump (330) is connected to the inlet of the integrated water tank (300), and the outlet of the pump (330) is connected to the outlet of the integrated water tank (300).
5. The battery pack for the electric vehicle and the battery module thermal management unit of the battery pack for the electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first preset condition is that the temperature T of the battery module (400) is more than or equal to 35 ℃;
the second preset condition is that the temperature T of the battery module (400) is more than or equal to 5 and less than 35 ℃;
the third preset condition is that the temperature T of the battery module (400) is less than 5 ℃.
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