CN112068339A - Display panel with switchable viewing angle and display device - Google Patents
Display panel with switchable viewing angle and display device Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/1323—Arrangements for providing a switchable viewing angle
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/29—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract
A display panel and display device with switchable visual angles, the display panel comprises a visual angle control box and a display module; the viewing angle control box comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a magneto-optical layer clamped between the first substrate and the second substrate, the linearly polarized light is controlled in deflection angle through magneto-optical effect of the magneto-optical layer, and then switching of wide and narrow viewing angles is achieved, and the implementation mode is simple and easy to achieve; the display panel and the display device have smaller volumes and higher light deflection efficiency compared with a visual angle switchable display device using double liquid crystal boxes.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a display panel and a display device with switchable viewing angles.
Background
With the development of the information age, the applications of display devices are becoming wider and diversified, and display devices using an in-plane switching mode (IPS) or a fringe field switching mode (FFS) can realize a wider viewing angle. Meanwhile, in recent years, people pay more and more attention to personal privacy protection, and people in public places generally want to keep the content secret when watching mobile phones or browsing computers. Therefore, the display device with single viewing angle mode cannot meet the requirement of users, and besides the requirement of wide viewing angle, the display device also needs to be capable of being switched to the narrow viewing angle mode in the occasions where peep prevention is required.
At present, there are several ways to switch between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle of a liquid crystal display device.
The first is realized by attaching a shutter shielding film on the display screen, and when peep prevention is needed, the view angle can be reduced by shielding the screen by the shutter shielding film. However, in this method, an extra louver film is required to be prepared, which causes great inconvenience to a user, and one louver film can only realize one viewing angle, and once the louver film is attached, the viewing angle is fixed, and only a narrow viewing angle mode can be realized, and the wide viewing angle function cannot be displayed.
The second is to arrange a dual light source backlight system in the lcd device for adjusting the viewing angle of the lcd device, the dual light source backlight system is composed of two stacked light guide plates combined with an inverse prism sheet, the top light guide plate (LGP-T) combined with the inverse prism sheet changes the direction of the light so that the light is limited in a relatively narrow angular range, thereby realizing the narrow viewing angle of the lcd device, while the bottom light guide plate (LGP-B) combined with the inverse prism sheet functions to realize the wide viewing angle of the lcd device. However, such a dual-light source backlight system increases the thickness and cost of the liquid crystal display device, and is not suitable for the trend of thinning the liquid crystal display device.
The third is to apply a vertical electric field to the liquid crystal molecules by using a viewing angle control electrode on one side of a color filter substrate (CF), thereby realizing a narrow viewing angle mode. When the wide visual angle is displayed, the visual angle control electrode does not supply voltage, and the liquid crystal display device realizes wide visual angle display; when narrow-viewing-angle display is needed, the viewing-angle control electrode supplies voltage, liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer tilt up due to an electric field in the vertical direction while rotating horizontally, the contrast of the liquid crystal display device is reduced due to light leakage, and finally the narrow viewing angle is achieved. Fig. 1a is a schematic view showing a simulation of a viewing angle of a prior art lcd device at a wide viewing angle, and fig. 1b is a schematic view showing a simulation of a viewing angle of a prior art lcd device at a narrow viewing angle.
However, the display panel has the problem that two sides of the panel are whitish in front view, and because the brightness of a bright state is lower than that of a dark state under a narrow viewing angle mode and a large viewing angle, gray scale inversion can occur under a certain viewing angle, so that the display effect and the peep-proof effect are influenced; in view of the above technical problems, it has been disclosed that a light filtering liquid crystal cell can be added to solve the above problem, and the thickness of the cell is also called as a new problem; in addition, such a switching mode can only realize wide and narrow viewing angle switching in the left-right direction, and cannot realize wide and narrow viewing angle switching in all directions in the left-right direction and/or the up-down direction at the same time.
Therefore, there is a need to provide an improved technical solution to overcome the above technical problems (the problems of the display device in the narrow viewing angle that two sides of the panel are whitish when viewed from the front, the gray scale inversion occurs, the omni-directional wide and narrow viewing angle switching in the left-right direction and/or the up-down direction cannot be realized at the same time, the box thickness of the display device, and the like) in the prior art, so as to improve the competitiveness of the related touch display device product.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a display panel with switchable visual angles and a display device, and aims to solve the problems that when the existing display device is in front view, two sides of the panel are whitish, gray scale inversion occurs under a narrow visual angle, omnibearing wide and narrow visual angle switching in the left-right direction and/or the up-down direction cannot be realized at the same time, and the box thickness of the display device is thick.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.
The display panel with switchable visual angles comprises a visual angle control box and a display box; the visual angle control box comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a magneto-optical layer clamped between the first substrate and the second substrate; the first substrate, the second substrate and the magneto-optical layer form a magneto-optical box; the first substrate is provided with a first electrode at one side close to the magneto-optical layer, and the second substrate is provided with a first common electrode at one side close to the magneto-optical layer; the magneto-optical layer is any one of magneto-optical glass, a solution box or a magneto-optical film; the visual angle control box is used for controlling the conversion of wide and narrow visual angles;
the display box includes: the liquid crystal display panel comprises a third substrate, a liquid crystal layer and a fourth substrate, wherein the liquid crystal layer is clamped between the third substrate and the fourth substrate; a plurality of sub-pixels SP which are limited by scanning lines and data lines are arranged on the fourth substrate, and a thin film transistor and a second pixel electrode are arranged in each sub-pixel SP; the second pixel electrode at least comprises two electrode parts, and the electrode strips of the at least two electrode parts are perpendicular to each other.
Further, the thin film transistor comprises a source electrode, a drain electrode and a grid electrode, wherein the drain electrode is connected with the second pixel electrode, the source electrode is connected with the data line, and the grid electrode is connected with the scanning line; a color resistance layer and a black matrix are arranged on one side of the third substrate close to the liquid crystal layer; a second common electrode is further arranged on one side, close to the liquid crystal layer, of the fourth substrate;
further, when the magneto-optical layer of the viewing angle control box is made of magneto-optical glass or a solution box, the first electrode is a viewing angle control electrode, and a voltage difference between the first electrode and the first common electrode is used for regulating and controlling an electric field direction and an electric field intensity so as to control a magnetic field direction and a magnetic field intensity, so that deflection regulation of light is realized, and the display panel is switched between a wide viewing angle mode and a narrow viewing angle mode.
Further, the solution in the solution box may be any one of carbon disulfide, polyacetaldehyde, nitrobenzene.
Further, when the magneto-optical layer of the viewing angle control box is a magneto-optical film, the second substrate of the viewing angle control box further includes a first pixel electrode, and a voltage difference between the first pixel electrode and the first common electrode is used for regulating and controlling an electric field direction and an electric field strength so as to control a magnetic field direction and a magnetic field strength, so that the deflection regulation of light is realized, and the display panel is switched between a wide viewing angle mode and a narrow viewing angle mode; the first pixel electrode is composed of electrode strips which are arranged at intervals in a single direction.
Further, when the magneto-optical layer of the viewing angle control box is a magneto-optical film, the first electrode is an electrostatic protection electrode.
The invention also provides a display panel with switchable visual angles, which comprises a visual angle control box and a display box; the visual angle control box comprises a second substrate, a first common electrode, a second pixel electrode, a first magneto-optical film and a first substrate which are sequentially stacked; a first electrode is arranged on one side, close to the first magneto-optical film, of the first substrate; the voltage difference between the second pixel electrode and the first common electrode is used for regulating and controlling the direction of an electric field and the strength of the electric field so as to control the direction of a magnetic field and the strength of the magnetic field, realize deflection regulation and control of light and enable the visual angle control box to be switched between a wide visual angle mode and a narrow visual angle mode; the first electrode is an electrostatic protection electrode; the second pixel electrode at least comprises two electrode parts, and electrode strips of the at least two electrode parts are mutually vertical;
the display box includes: a third substrate, a second magneto-optical film, and a fourth substrate; a plurality of sub-pixels SP which are limited by scanning lines and data lines are arranged on the fourth substrate, and a thin film transistor and a first pixel electrode are arranged in each sub-pixel SP; the second magneto-optical film is positioned on the first pixel electrode, and the first pixel electrode is composed of a plurality of electrode strips arranged in a single direction.
The invention also provides a display device which comprises the display panel with the switchable visual angle and a backlight module, wherein the backlight module is positioned on one side of the fourth substrate, which is far away from the liquid crystal layer or the second magneto-optical film.
Furthermore, the display device further comprises a first polarizer, a second polarizer and a third polarizer, wherein the first polarizer is arranged on one side of the first substrate far away from the magnetic light layer, the second polarizer is arranged between the second substrate and the third substrate, and the third polarizer is arranged on one side of the fourth substrate close to the backlight module;
furthermore, the transmission axis of the first polarizer is perpendicular to the transmission axis of the second polarizer, and the transmission axis of the second polarizer is parallel to the transmission axis of the third polarizer.
According to the display panel and the display device with the switched visual angles, the polarized light is controlled by the magneto-optic effect of the magneto-optic glass, the solution box or the magneto-optic film, so that the switching of the wide and narrow visual angles is realized, the implementation mode is simple, and the implementation is easy; in addition, the design of the panel of the pixel electrode is combined, the omnidirectional narrow-view-angle display can be realized, the compatibility rate with the prior art is high, and the realization of mass production is facilitated; because the visual angle control box or the display box does not need to use liquid crystal, the problems of whitish two sides of a panel, gray scale inversion and the like when the display device is viewed from the front under a narrow visual angle are avoided, and the cost is saved; compared with a display device with two liquid crystal boxes and switchable visual angles, the display panel and the display device are smaller in size and higher in light deflection efficiency.
Drawings
Fig. 1a is a schematic view of a wide viewing angle simulation of a prior art lcd device.
Fig. 1b is a view angle simulation diagram of a prior art lcd device at a narrow viewing angle.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a driving circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3a and 3b are schematic views of a display panel structure according to a first embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic plan view of a second pixel electrode according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a display panel according to a second embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a display panel according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic plan view of a first pixel electrode according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the comparison of the transmittance curves of the viewing angle control box of the magneto-optical cell of the present invention and the viewing angle control box of the liquid crystal cell of the prior art.
Fig. 10a is a schematic diagram of a driving circuit according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10b is a schematic view of a display panel according to a fourth embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 11a is a schematic view of a display device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention showing a view angle simulation.
Fig. 11b is a view angle simulation diagram of a display device in a fourth embodiment of the invention at a narrow view angle.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined objects, the following detailed description of the embodiments, structures, features and effects of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
[ first embodiment ]
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a driving circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention; fig. 3a and 3b are schematic structural diagrams of a display panel according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 2, fig. 3a and fig. 3b, the present embodiment provides a display panel 100 with switchable viewing angles, which includes a viewing angle control box 10 and a display box 20; the viewing angle control box 10 includes a first substrate 104, a second substrate 105, and a magneto-optical layer 101 interposed between the first substrate 104 and the second substrate 105; the first substrate 104, the second substrate 105, and the magneto-optical layer 101 constitute a magneto-optical cell 11; the first substrate 104 is provided with a first electrode 102 on a side close to the magneto-optical layer 101, and the second substrate 105 is provided with a first common electrode 103 on a side close to the magneto-optical layer 101.
The magneto-optical layer 101 in the viewing angle control box 10 described above in this embodiment is magneto-optical glass.
Further, the display cell 20 includes a third substrate 202, a liquid crystal layer 201, and a fourth substrate 209, the liquid crystal layer 201 being sandwiched between the third substrate 202 and the fourth substrate 209; the fourth substrate 209 has a plurality of sub-pixels SP defined by the scan lines 32 and the data lines 31, each of the sub-pixels SP having a thin film transistor 207 and a second pixel electrode 34 disposed therein; the thin film transistor 207 includes a source electrode 2071, a drain electrode 2072 and a gate electrode 2073, the drain electrode 2072 is connected to the second pixel electrode 34, the source electrode 2071 is connected to the data line 31, and the gate electrode 2073 is connected to the scan line 32; the third substrate 202 is provided with a color resist layer 206 and a black matrix 203 on a side close to the liquid crystal layer 201; the fourth substrate 209 is also provided with a second common electrode 208 on a side close to the liquid crystal layer 201.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a display device according to an embodiment of the invention, and referring to fig. 4, the display device further includes a backlight module 30, wherein the backlight module 30 is located on a side of the fourth substrate 209 away from the liquid crystal layer 201 or the second magneto-optical film 1012 (fig. 10 b).
The display device further includes a first polarizer 110, a second polarizer 120, and a third polarizer 130, wherein the first polarizer 110 is disposed on a side of the first substrate 104 away from the magnetic layer 101, the second polarizer 120 is disposed between the second substrate 105 and the third substrate 202, and the third polarizer 130 is disposed on a side of the fourth substrate 209 close to the backlight module 30. Preferably, the transmission axis of the first polarizer 110 is perpendicular to the transmission axis of the second polarizer 120, and the transmission axis of the second polarizer 120 is parallel to the transmission axis of the third polarizer 130.
Fig. 5 is a schematic plan view of a second pixel electrode in the first embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 5, in this embodiment, the second pixel electrode 34 includes at least two electrode portions 341, and the electrode strips 3411 of the at least two electrode portions 341 are perpendicular to each other. Since the upper and lower electrode portions 341 have different shapes, the pretilt angles of the liquid crystal corresponding to the upper and lower portions are different after two types of alignment are adopted, and the dark-state light leakage modes of the upper and lower portions of the second pixel electrode 34 are different, so that when a picture is displayed, the upper and lower portions of the second pixel electrode 34 can be used to realize an omnidirectional narrow viewing angle, and since the upper and lower portions of the second pixel electrode 34 are connected, signals can be synchronized, and the narrow viewing angle can be realized by using a TFT switch (thin film transistor 207).
Specifically, with continued reference to fig. 3a to 3b, the viewing angle control box 10 is used to control the switching of the wide and narrow viewing angles; the display box 20 is used to display a device screen. The first electrode 102 is a viewing angle control electrode, the voltage difference between the first electrode 102 and the first common electrode 103 is used for regulating and controlling the direction of an electric field and the intensity of the electric field so as to control the direction of the magnetic field and the intensity of the magnetic field, and the magnetic field generated by the voltage difference between the first electrode 102 and the first common electrode 103 enables the magneto-optical layer 101 (magneto-optical glass) to generate a magneto-optical effect so as to change the intensity and the direction of emergent light of the second substrate 105, realize deflection regulation and control of light, and enable the display panel 100 to be switched between a wide viewing angle mode and a narrow viewing angle mode. Therefore, the switching of the wide and narrow visual angles can be realized without a liquid crystal box, so that the problems of whitish two sides of a panel, gray scale inversion and the like when the liquid crystal display device is viewed from the front under the narrow visual angle are avoided, and the cost is further saved.
In the wide viewing angle mode, the voltage difference between the first electrode 102 and the first common electrode 103 is 0 or smaller, the magneto-optical layer 101 (in this embodiment, magneto-optical glass) does not generate a magneto-optical effect, and emergent light passing through the second substrate 105 does not deflect; in the narrow viewing angle mode, a large voltage difference exists between the first electrode 102 and the first common electrode 103, the magneto-optical layer 101 (in this embodiment, magneto-optical glass) generates a magneto-optical effect, and emergent light passing through the second substrate 105 is deflected.
For ease of understanding, the relevant principles of magneto-optical effects are described below:
the interaction of light with substances having a magnetic moment produces a magneto-optical effect. The mechanism of the magneto-optical effect is that when a substance with a fixed magnetic moment is placed in a magnetic field, the electromagnetic properties (such as magnetic permeability, magnetic domain structure, dielectric constant, magnetization intensity, and the like) of the substance change under the action of an external magnetic field, so that the transmission properties (such as polarization state, transmission direction, phase, frequency, and the like) of light waves in the substance also change, and the magneto-optical effect is generated. A magneto-optical device is a functional device that is very important in the information age, and the two most studied magneto-optical effects are the faraday effect and the kerr effect.
The embodiment of the invention utilizes the Faraday effect.
The faraday effect is that when a plane-polarized light beam passes through a medium, if a magnetic field is applied in the medium in the direction of propagation of the light, the plane of polarization is observed to rotate through an angle after the light passes through the sample. This phenomenon indicates that the magnetic field imparts optical activity to the medium.
Introducing a Faraday rotation angle theta in the Faraday effectFIndicating the angle of plane rotation of polarization occurring per unit thicknessProportional to the product of the magnetic induction H and the distance L over which the light acts, i.e. thetaFHLV. Where V is the fisher constant in rad/(m ∙ T), reflecting the magnitude of the faraday effect in magneto-optical materials, is an important parameter.
The magnetic effect of the current is also utilized in the embodiment of the invention.
The magnetic effect of the current is a phenomenon that any conducting wire passing through the current can generate a magnetic field around the conducting wire, and is called the magnetic effect of the current (namely, a magnetic field is generated around the circuit formed by the pixel electrode 5 and the common electrode 6 in the embodiment), and the magnetic effect of the current is called the magnetic effect of the current. The magnitude and direction of the generated magnetic field are closely related to the magnitude and direction of the current. In which a non-magnetic metal is energized but produces a magnetic field with the same effect as the magnetic field created by the magnet. The magnetic field is generated around the long straight wire which is electrified with the current, the shape of the magnetic induction line is a closed concentric circle taking the wire as the center of the circle, and the direction of the magnetic field is perpendicular to the direction of the current.
The field strength generated by the current can be referred to the pisa law. In vacuum, the magnetic induction dB generated by the constant current element vector Idl at one point P in space is as follows:
dl in the above formula is the line element of the current-carrying conducting wire, and the direction of dl is the direction of current; r is the radial vector from the current element to the point P; mu.s0＝4π×10-7Henry/meter (H/m) is the vacuum permeability, and the above equation can be further varied as:
wherein theta is an included angle between dl and r; the direction of dB is vertical to the plane formed by the current element and the radial vector and is determined by a right-hand spiral rule; I. dl and r, dB are respectively in units of ampere, meter, Tesla.
Based on the Faraday effect and the current magnetic effect, the deflection of light can be controlled by controlling the magnetic field through the current, so that the deflection of light controlled by the current is finally realized, and theoretical possibility is provided for designing a TFT display based on the magneto-optical effect.
In this embodiment, the magnitude of the magnetic field intensity may be adjusted and controlled according to a voltage difference between the first electrode 102 (i.e., the viewing angle control electrode) and the first common electrode 103 (the voltage is proportional to the current, and the current is proportional to the magnetic field intensity), and the direction of the magnetic field may be adjusted by adjusting and controlling a positive-negative voltage difference between the first electrode 102 (i.e., the viewing angle control electrode) and the first common electrode 103, so as to control the magnitude and the direction of the magnetic field.
[ second embodiment ]
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a display panel structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention, please refer to fig. 6, which mainly differs from the first embodiment in that the magneto-optical layer 101 in the magneto-optical cell 11 is added to a corresponding solution to form a solution cell instead of the magneto-optical glass in the first embodiment, and preferably, the solution in the solution cell may be any one of carbon disulfide, polyacetaldehyde, and nitrobenzene, but is not limited thereto.
Also, the viewing angle controlling box 10 is used to control the switching of the wide and narrow viewing angles; the display box 20 is used for displaying a screen of the display device. The first electrode 102 is a viewing angle switching electrode, the voltage difference between the first electrode 102 and the first common electrode 103 is used for regulating and controlling the direction of an electric field and the intensity of the electric field so as to control the direction of the magnetic field and the intensity of the magnetic field, and the magnetic field generated by the voltage difference between the first electrode 102 and the first common electrode 103 enables the magneto-optical layer 101 (solution box) to generate a magneto-optical effect so as to change the intensity of emergent light of the second substrate 105, thereby realizing deflection regulation and control of light, and enabling the display panel 100 to be switched between a wide viewing angle mode and a narrow viewing angle mode. Therefore, the switching of the wide and narrow visual angles can be realized without a liquid crystal box, so that the problems of whitish two sides of a panel, gray scale inversion and the like during the front view of the liquid crystal display device under the narrow visual angle are avoided, and the cost is further saved.
In the wide viewing angle mode, the voltage difference between the first electrode 102 and the first common electrode 103 is 0 or smaller, the magneto-optical layer 101 (in this embodiment, a solution box) does not generate a magneto-optical effect, and emergent light passing through the second substrate 105 is not deflected; in the narrow viewing angle mode, a large voltage difference exists between the first electrode 102 and the first common electrode 103, and the magneto-optical layer 101 (in this embodiment, a solution box) generates a magneto-optical effect, so that emergent light passing through the second substrate 105 is deflected.
That is, when the magneto-optical cell 11 is not turned on (the voltage difference between the first electrode 102 and the first common electrode 103 is 0 or the voltage difference is small), the display device is a wide viewing angle display, and when the magneto-optical cell 11 is turned on by applying the voltage difference (the voltage difference between the first electrode 102 and the first common electrode 103 is large), the light is deflected by using the kerr effect principle, thereby realizing a narrow viewing angle display.
For ease of understanding, the principle relating to the magneto-optical effect in the second embodiment is described below:
the kerr effect is utilized in the second embodiment of the present invention.
The kerr effect refers to the phenomenon of electrically induced birefringence that is proportional to the square of the electric field. A substance placed in an electric field exhibits anisotropy because its molecules are oriented (deflected) by the action of an electric force, resulting in birefringence, i.e., the refractive power of the substance to light differs in two different directions. Under the action of external electric field, the liquid becomes optical uniaxial crystal, and its optical axis is parallel to the direction of electric field. The general practice is: the liquid is placed in a glass vessel, an external electric field is applied to the liquid through a parallel plate electrode, and light is passed through the glass vessel perpendicular to the direction of the electric field to observe the kerr effect. Such a device is called a kerr box. At this time, the two principal refractive indices n0And neReferred to as the normal and abnormal refractive indices, respectively. The liquid in the container being called positively or negatively birefringent substance, depending on ne-n0The value is positive or negative.
After the incident light passes through the Kerr cell, the incident light is split into two components with respective C/n velocities0And c/neThe linearly polarized light (c is the speed of light in vacuum) that propagates has a polarization direction (electric vector direction) perpendicular or parallel to the applied electric field. The difference in phase velocity causes a phase difference between the two polarized lights. If the incident light has a wavelength of λ0Of monochromatic lightThen, then
Where x is the path length of the medium, i.e. the length of the parallel plate electrode, when light passes through the electric field. Kerr's experiment found ne-n0＝Bλ0E-2。
Where E is the electric field strength and B is a constant related to the material properties, called the Kerr constant. The kerr constant is inversely proportional to the absolute temperature T. The Kerr constant of a material can be determined experimentally using standard optical methods. If λ 0 is in cm, E is in electrostatic volts/cm, the Kerr constant of carbon disulphide is 3.226X 10-7(ii) a The polyacetaldehyde is-23.00X 10-7(ii) a Nitrobenzene is + 346.0X 10-7。
In this embodiment, the magnitude of the magnetic field intensity may be adjusted and controlled according to a voltage difference between the first electrode 102 (i.e., the viewing angle control electrode) and the first common electrode 103 (the voltage is proportional to the current, and the current is proportional to the magnetic field intensity), and the direction of the magnetic field may be adjusted by adjusting and controlling a positive-negative voltage difference between the first electrode 102 (i.e., the viewing angle control electrode) and the first common electrode 103, so as to control the magnitude and the direction of the magnetic field.
For other components in this embodiment, please refer to the first embodiment specifically, which will not be described herein again.
[ third embodiment ]
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel according to a third embodiment of the present invention, fig. 8 is a schematic plan view of a first pixel electrode according to the third embodiment of the present invention, please refer to fig. 7 and fig. 8, the main difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is that the magneto-optical layer 101 is a magneto-optical film.
With continued reference to fig. 7 and 8, the second substrate 105 of the viewing angle control box 10 further includes a first pixel electrode 33, and the first pixel electrode 33 is formed by a single-direction electrode strip 3311.
In this embodiment, the magneto-optical film is disposed on the first pixel electrode 33. Preferably, the magneto-optical film is a functional material film, is composed of an optical information functional material having a magneto-optical effect in visible light and infrared light bands, and is preferably a widely used material such as garnet doped with various rare earth elements, a rare earth-transition metal alloy film, a magnetic photonic crystal and the like.
Specifically, when a current flows through the first pixel electrode 33, a corresponding magnetic field can be generated to affect the magneto-optical film on the pixel electrode 33, so as to realize deflection regulation of light, and switch the display panel 100 between the wide viewing angle mode and the narrow viewing angle mode. Therefore, the switching of the wide and narrow visual angles can be realized without a liquid crystal box, so that the problems of whitish two sides of a panel, gray scale inversion and the like when the liquid crystal display device is viewed in a front view under the narrow visual angle are avoided, and the cost is further saved.
Specifically, in the wide viewing angle mode, the voltage difference between the first pixel electrode 33 and the first common electrode 103 is 0 or smaller, the magneto-optical film does not generate a magneto-optical effect, and emergent light passing through the second substrate 105 is not deflected; in the narrow viewing angle mode, a large voltage difference exists between the first pixel electrode 33 and the first common electrode 103, the magneto-optical film generates a magneto-optical effect, and emergent light passing through the second substrate 105 is deflected.
In addition, in the embodiment, the first electrode 102 is an electrostatic protection electrode, which can shield static electricity.
For other components in this embodiment, please refer to the first embodiment specifically, which will not be described herein again.
Referring to FIG. 9, FIG. 9 is a graph showing a comparison of the transmittance curves of the viewing angle control box of the magneto-optical cell of the present invention and the viewing angle control box of the liquid crystal cell of the prior art. The schematic diagram is obtained by performing light path simulation analysis on magneto-optical glass by using a light tool. From the analysis of the simulated V-t curve, the transmittance a at the wide viewing angle of the first embodiment of the present invention is 60% higher than the transmittance B of the liquid crystal cell structure in the prior art, and along with the change of the voltage, the TR (transmittance) changes significantly, is easier to control, and is larger and more sensitive than the liquid crystal cell structure in controlling the range of the narrow viewing angle.
[ fourth embodiment ]
Fig. 10a is a schematic diagram of a driving circuit in a fourth embodiment of the invention, and fig. 10b is a schematic diagram of a display panel in the fourth embodiment of the invention, please refer to fig. 10a and fig. 10b, in which the present embodiment provides a display panel 100 with switchable viewing angles, including a viewing angle control box 10 and a display box 20; the viewing angle control box 10 includes a second substrate 105, a first common electrode 103, a second pixel electrode 34 (the same second pixel electrode in the first embodiment), a first magneto-optical film 1011, and a first substrate 104, which are sequentially stacked; the first substrate 104 is provided with a first electrode 102 on a side adjacent to the first magneto-optical film 1011; the voltage difference between the second pixel electrode 34 and the first common electrode 103 is used for regulating and controlling the direction of the electric field and the strength of the electric field so as to control the direction of the magnetic field and the strength of the magnetic field, thereby realizing the deflection regulation of light and switching the viewing angle control box 10 between a wide viewing angle mode and a narrow viewing angle mode; the first electrode 102 is an electrostatic discharge (esd) protection electrode; the second pixel electrode 34 includes at least two electrode portions 341, and the electrode bars 3411 of the at least two electrode portions 341 are perpendicular to each other; the display box 20 includes: a third substrate 202, a second magneto-optical film 1012, and a fourth substrate 209; the fourth substrate 209 has a plurality of sub-pixels SP defined by the scan lines 32 and the data lines 31.
With reference to fig. 10b, each sub-pixel SP has a thin film transistor 207 and a first pixel electrode 33; the second magneto-optical film 1012 is positioned on the first pixel electrode 33, and the first pixel electrode 33 is formed of a plurality of electrode stripes 3311 arranged in a single direction.
The present embodiment is different from the third embodiment in that the display box 20 also uses a magneto-optical film instead of a liquid crystal in the present embodiment, and in order to realize wide and narrow viewing angle display in all directions, the pixel electrode in the viewing angle control box 10 is the second pixel electrode 34, and the pixel electrode in the display box 20 is the first pixel electrode 33.
For other components in this embodiment, please refer to the first embodiment specifically, which will not be described herein again.
In addition, as shown in fig. 11a, fig. 11a is a schematic view of the display device of the present invention showing a view angle simulation at a wide view angle, and comparing fig. 1a and fig. 11a, it can be seen that the display device of the present invention achieves a wide view angle display effect in both the up-down direction and the left-right direction, which is better than the wide view angle display effect of the liquid crystal display device in the prior art; fig. 11b is a schematic view of a view angle simulation of the display device of the present invention at a narrow view angle, and it can be seen from comparing fig. 1b and fig. 11b that the display device of the present invention achieves a narrow view angle display effect in both the up, down, left, and right directions, which is better than the narrow view angle display effect of the liquid crystal display device in the prior art. In addition, if the Techwiz simulation is adopted, the peep-proof angle of the display panel 100 and the display device for switching the viewing angles provided by the invention is 30 degrees to 60 degrees, so that the narrow viewing angles can be realized in all directions, and the problem of no gray scale inversion exists.
In summary, the display panel 100 and the display device with switching of viewing angles provided by the present invention utilize the magneto-optic effect of the magneto-optic glass, the solution box or the magneto-optic film to control the deflection angle of the linearly polarized light, so as to further realize switching of wide and narrow viewing angles, and the implementation method is simple and easy to implement; in addition, the design of the panel of the pixel electrode is combined, the omnidirectional narrow-view-angle display can be realized, the compatibility rate with the prior art is high, and the realization of mass production is facilitated; in addition, because the visual angle control box 10 or the display box 20 does not need to use liquid crystal, the problems of whitish two sides of a panel, gray scale inversion and the like when the display device is viewed in a front view under a narrow visual angle are avoided, and the cost is saved; compared with a display device with switchable visual angles by using double liquid crystal cells, the display panel 100 and the display device have smaller volumes and higher light deflection efficiency.
As used herein, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, including not only those elements listed, but also other elements not expressly listed.
In this document, the terms front, back, upper and lower are used to define the components in the drawings and the positions of the components relative to each other, and are used for clarity and convenience of the technical solution. It is to be understood that the use of the directional terms should not be taken to limit the scope of the claims.
The features of the embodiments and embodiments described herein above may be combined with each other without conflict.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A display panel switchable in viewing angle, comprising a viewing angle control box (10) and a display box (20), characterized in that the viewing angle control box (10) comprises a first substrate (104), a second substrate (105) and a magneto-optical layer (101) sandwiched between the first substrate (104) and the second substrate (105); the first substrate (104), the second substrate (105) and the magneto-optical layer (101) constitute a magneto-optical cell (11); the first substrate (104) is provided with a first electrode (102) at one side close to the magneto-optical layer (101), and the second substrate (105) is provided with a first common electrode (103) at one side close to the magneto-optical layer (101); the visual angle control box (10) is used for controlling the conversion of wide and narrow visual angles;
the display box (20) includes: a third substrate (202), a liquid crystal layer (201), and a fourth substrate (209), the liquid crystal layer (201) being sandwiched between the third substrate (202) and the fourth substrate (209); the fourth substrate (209) is provided with a plurality of sub-pixels (SP) defined by scanning lines (32) and data lines (31), and each sub-pixel (SP) is internally provided with a thin film transistor (207) and a second pixel electrode (34); the second pixel electrode (34) comprises at least two electrode parts (341), and the electrode strips (3411) of the at least two electrode parts (341) are perpendicular to each other.
2. A display panel switchable between viewing angles according to claim 1, wherein the thin film transistor (207) comprises a source electrode (2071), a drain electrode (2072) and a gate electrode (2073), the drain electrode (2072) is connected to the second pixel electrode (34), the source electrode (2071) is connected to the data line (31), and the gate electrode (2073) is connected to the scan line (32); a color resistance layer (206) and a black matrix (203) are arranged on one side, close to the liquid crystal layer (201), of the third substrate (202); the fourth substrate (209) is further provided with a second common electrode (208) on a side close to the liquid crystal layer (201).
3. A display panel switchable between viewing angles according to claim 1, wherein the magneto-optical layer (101) of the viewing angle control box (10) is a magneto-optical glass or solution box, the first electrode (102) is a viewing angle control electrode, and a voltage difference between the first electrode (102) and the first common electrode (103) is used for regulating and controlling an electric field direction and an electric field intensity so as to control a magnetic field direction and a magnetic field intensity, thereby realizing a deflection regulation of light and enabling the display panel to be switched between a wide viewing angle mode and a narrow viewing angle mode.
4. The switchable viewing angle display panel of claim 3, wherein the solution in the solution cell can be any one of carbon disulfide, polyacetaldehyde, nitrobenzene.
5. A switchable viewing angle display panel according to claim 1, wherein the magneto-optical layer (101) of the viewing angle control box (10) is a magneto-optical film, the second substrate (105) of the viewing angle control box (10) further comprises a first pixel electrode (33), and a voltage difference between the first pixel electrode (33) and the first common electrode (103) is used for regulating and controlling an electric field direction and an electric field intensity so as to control a magnetic field direction and a magnetic field intensity, so as to realize deflection regulation of light, and switch the display panel between a wide viewing angle mode and a narrow viewing angle mode; the first pixel electrode (33) is composed of electrode strips (3311) arranged at intervals in a single direction.
6. A switchable viewing angle display panel according to claim 1, wherein the first electrode (102) is an electrostatic protection electrode when the magneto-optical layer (101) of the viewing angle control cell (10) is a magneto-optical film.
7. A display panel switchable in viewing angle, comprising a viewing angle control box (10) and a display box (20); the visual angle control box (10) comprises a second substrate (105), a first common electrode (103), a second pixel electrode (34), a first magneto-optical film (1011) and a first substrate (104) which are sequentially stacked; the first substrate (104) is provided with a first electrode (102) on a side close to the first magneto-optical film (1011); the voltage difference between the second pixel electrode (34) and the first common electrode (103) is used for regulating and controlling the direction of an electric field and the strength of the electric field so as to control the direction of a magnetic field and the strength of the magnetic field, realize the deflection regulation and control of light and enable the display panel to be switched between a wide viewing angle mode and a narrow viewing angle mode; the first electrode (102) is an electrostatic protection electrode; the second pixel electrode (34) comprises at least two electrode parts (341), and electrode strips (3411) of the at least two electrode parts (341) are perpendicular to each other;
the display box (20) comprises a third substrate (202), a second magneto-optical film (1012) and a fourth substrate (209); the fourth substrate (209) is provided with a plurality of sub-pixels (SP) defined by scanning lines (32) and data lines (31), and each sub-pixel (SP) is internally provided with a thin film transistor (207) and a first pixel electrode (33); the second magneto-optical film (1012) is positioned on the first pixel electrode (33), and the first pixel electrode (33) is composed of a plurality of electrode strips (3311) which are arranged at intervals in a single direction.
8. A display device comprising a switchable viewing angle display panel according to any of claims 1-7, wherein the display device further comprises a backlight module (30), the backlight module (30) being located on a side of the fourth substrate (209) remote from the liquid crystal layer (201) or the second magneto-optical film (1012).
9. The display device according to claim 8, further comprising a first polarizer (110), a second polarizer (120) and a third polarizer (130), wherein the first polarizer (110) is disposed on a side of the first substrate (104) away from the magneto-optical layer (101), the second polarizer (120) is disposed between the second substrate (105) and the third substrate (202), and the third polarizer (130) is disposed on a side of the fourth substrate (209) close to the backlight module (30).
10. The display device according to claim 9, wherein the transmission axis of the first polarizer (110) is perpendicular to the transmission axis of the second polarizer (120), and the transmission axis of the second polarizer (120) is parallel to the transmission axis of the third polarizer (130).
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| CN202171715U (en) * | 2011-08-08 | 2012-03-21 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Liquid crystal display panel and liquid crystal display device |
| CN104090377A (en) * | 2014-07-11 | 2014-10-08 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Peeping-resistant device and method |
| CN109633973A (en) * | 2019-02-14 | 2019-04-16 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Array substrate and preparation method thereof, display device |
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