CN112068332A - Liquid crystal lens and liquid crystal glasses - Google Patents
Liquid crystal lens and liquid crystal glasses Download PDFInfo
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- CN112068332A CN112068332A CN201910500411.XA CN201910500411A CN112068332A CN 112068332 A CN112068332 A CN 112068332A CN 201910500411 A CN201910500411 A CN 201910500411A CN 112068332 A CN112068332 A CN 112068332A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
- G02C7/00—Optical parts
- G02C7/02—Lenses; Lens systems ; Methods of designing lenses
- G02C7/08—Auxiliary lenses; Arrangements for varying focal length
- G02C7/081—Ophthalmic lenses with variable focal length
- G02C7/083—Electrooptic lenses
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
- G02C7/00—Optical parts
- G02C7/02—Lenses; Lens systems ; Methods of designing lenses
- G02C7/08—Auxiliary lenses; Arrangements for varying focal length
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133526—Lenses, e.g. microlenses or Fresnel lenses
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Abstract
A liquid crystal lens and liquid crystal glasses. The liquid crystal lens includes: a first transparent substrate, a second transparent substrate opposite to the first transparent substrate, and a liquid crystal layer between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate; a Fresnel lens positioned between the first transparent substrate and the liquid crystal layer; and a compensation lens positioned between the Fresnel lens and the first transparent substrate. Grooves distributed at intervals according to Fresnel wave bands are arranged on one side, facing the liquid crystal layer, of the Fresnel lens, the dielectric constant of the compensation lens opposite to the Fresnel lens at different thicknesses is different, and the dielectric constant of the compensation lens is configured to be inversely related to the thickness of the Fresnel lens at the opposite position. Through the design that the dielectric constant of the compensation lens is matched with the thickness of the Fresnel lens, when the intermediate-state voltage is applied to the first transparent electrode, the problem of uneven electric field distribution caused by the thickness of the Fresnel lens can be made up as much as possible, and therefore liquid crystal deflection is enabled to be approximately even.
Description
Technical Field
At least one embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a liquid crystal lens and liquid crystal glasses.
Background
Liquid crystals have large optical anisotropy, and are widely used in various optical devices. Liquid crystal glasses are another research focus behind liquid crystal displays, and include single circular hole electrode liquid crystal glasses, mode electrode liquid crystal glasses, relief outline liquid crystal glasses, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a liquid crystal lens and liquid crystal glasses.
At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a liquid crystal lens, including: a first transparent substrate, a second transparent substrate opposed to the first transparent substrate, and a liquid crystal layer located between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate; a Fresnel lens positioned between the first transparent substrate and the liquid crystal layer; and a compensation lens located between the Fresnel lens and the first transparent substrate. Grooves distributed at intervals according to Fresnel wave bands are formed in one side, facing the liquid crystal layer, of the Fresnel lens, the dielectric constant of the compensation lens opposite to the Fresnel lens in different thicknesses is different, and the dielectric constant of the compensation lens is configured to be inversely related to the thickness of the Fresnel lens at the opposite position.
For example, the liquid crystal lens further includes: the first transparent electrode is positioned on one side, facing the first transparent substrate, of the compensation lens, and the second transparent electrode is positioned on one side, facing the second transparent substrate, of the liquid crystal layer.
For example, the fresnel lens includes a first central portion and a plurality of first annular portions surrounding the first central portion, the thickness of each of the first annular portions and the first central portion gradually changes from the center of the orthographic projection of the first central portion on the first transparent substrate to the edge direction, and the thickness change trends of the first annular portion and the first central portion are the same; the compensation lens comprises a second central portion and a plurality of second annular portions surrounding the second central portion, orthographic projections of the first central portion on the first transparent substrate are overlapped with orthographic projections of the second central portion on the first transparent substrate, orthographic projections of the first annular portions on the first transparent substrate are overlapped with orthographic projections of the second annular portions on the first transparent substrate in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the dielectric constant of the second central portion is configured to be in negative correlation with the thickness of the first central portion at a facing position, and the dielectric constant of the second annular portions is configured to be in negative correlation with the thickness of the first annular portions at the facing position.
For example, the thickness of each of the first annular portions and the first central portion gradually increases and the dielectric constant of each of the second annular portions and the second central portion gradually decreases from the center of the orthographic projection of the first central portion on the first transparent substrate to the edge.
For example, the thickness of each of the first annular portions and the first central portion gradually decreases, and the dielectric constant of each of the second annular portions and the second central portion gradually increases from the center of the orthographic projection of the first central portion on the first transparent substrate to the edge.
For example, an orthographic projection of the first central portion on the first transparent substrate is a circle, and a direction in which a center of the orthographic projection of the first central portion on the first transparent substrate points to an edge is a radial direction of the circle.
For example, the compensation lens includes a cured liquid crystal.
For example, the liquid crystal in the compensation lens is a positive liquid crystal.
For example, the center of the orthographic projection of the first central part on the first transparent substrate points to the edge direction, the thickness of each first annular part and the first central part is gradually increased, and the liquid crystal molecules in each second annular part and the second central part are gradually changed from the deflection direction parallel to the main plane of the first transparent substrate to the deflection direction perpendicular to the main plane of the first transparent substrate; or, the thickness of each of the first annular parts and the first central part gradually decreases from the center of the orthographic projection of the first central part on the first transparent substrate to the edge direction, and the liquid crystal molecules in each of the second annular parts and the second central part gradually change from the deflection direction perpendicular to the main plane of the first transparent substrate to the deflection direction parallel to the main plane of the first transparent substrate.
For example, the liquid crystal in the compensation lens comprises a plurality of liquid crystal rings surrounding the central axis of the compensation lens, and the included angles between the liquid crystal molecules in the same liquid crystal ring and the central axis are the same.
For example, the equivalent refractive index of the second center portion is configured to be inversely related to the thickness of the first center portion at the facing position, and the equivalent refractive index of the second annular portion is configured to be inversely related to the thickness of the first annular portion at the facing position.
For example, the compensation lens includes two surfaces opposite to each other, both of which are parallel to the principal plane of the first transparent substrate, and a surface of the fresnel lens on a side facing the compensation lens is parallel to the principal plane of the first transparent substrate.
For example, the thickness of the compensation lens is 0.5 to 25 micrometers in a direction perpendicular to the main plane of the first transparent substrate.
For example, the refractive index of the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer is configured to vary between a first refractive index n1 and a second refractive index n2, and the refractive index n0 of the fresnel lens satisfies: n1 is not less than n0 is not less than n 2.
At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a pair of liquid crystal glasses, including the above liquid crystal lens.
Drawings
To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description relate only to some embodiments of the present disclosure and are not limiting to the present disclosure.
FIG. 1A is a schematic view of a partial cross-sectional structure of a pair of liquid crystal glasses;
FIG. 1B is a schematic plan view of the pair of LC eyeglasses shown in FIG. 1A taken along line AA;
FIG. 1C is an enlarged schematic view of the state of deflection of the liquid crystal molecules in the region 1 above the center portion of the Fresnel lens when an intermediate voltage is applied to the first transparent electrode shown in FIG. 1A;
fig. 2A is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal lens according to an example of the disclosure;
FIG. 2B is a schematic plan view of the compensation lens shown in FIG. 2A taken along line BB;
fig. 3A is a liquid crystal lens according to an example of an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3B is a schematic plan view of liquid crystal molecules in the second annular portion shown in FIG. 3A;
FIG. 3C is an equivalent structural view of the compensation lens shown in FIG. 3A;
fig. 4A is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a liquid crystal lens according to another example of the disclosure;
FIG. 4B is an equivalent structural view of the compensation lens shown in FIG. 4A; and
fig. 5 is a schematic view showing a state of deflection of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer in a region above the central portion of the fresnel lens when an intermediate voltage is applied to the first electrode in each of the examples shown in fig. 2A to 3B.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a few embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the disclosure without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the disclosure.
Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in this disclosure is not intended to indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but rather is used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed before the word covers the element or item listed after the word and its equivalents, but does not exclude other elements or items.
Fig. 1A is a schematic partial cross-sectional structure view of a pair of liquid crystal glasses, and fig. 1B is a schematic plan view of the pair of liquid crystal glasses shown in fig. 1A taken along line AA. As shown in fig. 1A, the liquid crystal glasses include a first transparent substrate 10, a second transparent substrate 20 disposed opposite to each other, and a liquid crystal layer 30 between the first transparent substrate 10 and the second transparent substrate 20. The entire first transparent electrode 40 is disposed on a side of the first transparent substrate 10 facing the second transparent substrate 20, the entire second transparent electrode 50 is disposed on a side of the second transparent substrate 20 facing the first transparent substrate 10, and the fresnel lens 60 is disposed on a side of the first transparent electrode 40 facing the liquid crystal layer 30.
As shown in fig. 1A and 1B, a first surface 61 of the fresnel lens 60 facing the first transparent electrode 40 may be a flat surface, and a second surface 62 of the fresnel lens 60 facing the liquid crystal layer 30 is provided with insections, i.e., grooves are arranged at intervals in a fresnel zone on a side of the fresnel lens 60 facing the liquid crystal layer 30. The fresnel zone is composed of a circular shape at the center and a plurality of rings concentrically arranged with the circular shape, and the circular shape and each ring are one zone of the fresnel zone. The fresnel lens 60 includes a center portion 63 corresponding to a circle of the center of the fresnel zone and an annular portion 64 corresponding to an annulus of the fresnel zone.
The liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer 30 has a birefringence, and the refractive index of the liquid crystal in the off state is an extraordinary refractive index and the refractive index in the on state is an ordinary refractive index. For example, the liquid crystal is a positive optical liquid crystal, and its extraordinary refractive index is larger than its ordinary refractive index. For example, the refractive index of normal light is about 1.5, and the refractive index of abnormal light is about 1.6 to 1.8. The fresnel lens 60 may be made of a material having a refractive index approximately equal to the extraordinary refractive index of the liquid crystal, for example.
For example, the liquid crystal may be a rod-shaped liquid crystal, which is in a horizontal state when it is in a power-off state, i.e., the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules are parallel to the first transparent substrate 10 (as shown in fig. 1A), and in a vertical state when it is in a power-on state, i.e., the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules are perpendicular to the first transparent substrate 10.
For example, when the voltages of the first transparent electrode 40 and the second transparent electrode 50 are both 0V, the liquid crystal is in the off state, and the refractive index of the liquid crystal is substantially equal to that of the fresnel lens 60, so that the liquid crystal layer 30 and the fresnel lens 60 correspond to a flat medium layer, and the parallel light (for example, linearly polarized light) incident on the liquid crystal glasses from the first transparent substrate 10 does not change the propagation direction, that is, the light emitted from the second transparent substrate 20 is still parallel light.
For example, when a high voltage is applied to the first transparent electrode 40, the liquid crystal layer is under a strong electric field, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer are uniformly deflected, and the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 30 is smaller than that of the fresnel lens 60. The parallel light incident on the liquid crystal glasses from the first transparent substrate 10 is converged at the interface between the fresnel lens 60 and the liquid crystal layer 30, and the liquid crystal glasses at this time function as a converging lens. Thereby, the liquid crystal glasses can switch between the light condensing and transmitting functions.
Compared with a structure in which the liquid crystal deflection is controlled by an electric field to control the arrangement shape of the liquid crystal to be equivalent to a fresnel lens, the structure shown in fig. 1A can avoid the problem of great crosstalk caused by difficulty in accurate control in the process of forming a fresnel period by controlling the liquid crystal deflection by electrodes.
In the research, the inventors of the present application found that: when an intermediate voltage (e.g., 3.5V) is applied to the first transparent electrode, the different thicknesses at different locations of the fresnel lens may result in an uneven distribution of the electric field acting on the liquid crystal molecules at different locations in the liquid crystal layer. Under the action of an external electric field generated by the intermediate-state voltage, the weakening influence of the induced electric field generated at the position with larger thickness of the Fresnel lens on the external electric field is larger. Thus, the electric field intensity applied to the liquid crystal molecules at a position corresponding to a larger thickness of the fresnel lens is weaker, resulting in uneven deflection of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer on the fresnel lens having different thicknesses. Fig. 1C is an enlarged schematic view of the state of deflection of the liquid crystal molecules in the region 1 located above the center portion of the fresnel lens when the intermediate-state voltage is applied to the first transparent electrode. As shown in fig. 1C, taking the liquid crystal layer located at the center portion of the fresnel lens as an example, the liquid crystal molecules in the region 2 located above the thin center portion 63 are basically in a normally deflected state (perpendicular to the first transparent substrate), and the portions of the liquid crystal molecules in the region 3 located above the thick center portion 63 are still in an undeflected state (parallel to the first transparent substrate). At this time, the refractive index of each position of the liquid crystal layer is not uniform, and stray light occurs, resulting in image blur. Thus, the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal glasses shown in fig. 1A can only be at two different refractive indexes, and cannot realize continuous change of the refractive index, and cannot realize adjustment of the degree of the glasses.
The embodiment of the disclosure provides a liquid crystal lens and liquid crystal glasses. The liquid crystal lens comprises a first transparent substrate, a second transparent substrate opposite to the first transparent substrate, a liquid crystal layer positioned between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate, a Fresnel lens positioned on one side of the first transparent substrate facing the liquid crystal layer, and a compensation lens positioned between the Fresnel lens and the first transparent substrate. Grooves distributed at intervals according to Fresnel wave bands are arranged on one side, facing the liquid crystal layer, of the Fresnel lens, the dielectric constant of the compensation lens opposite to the Fresnel lens at different thicknesses is different, and the dielectric constant of the compensation lens is configured to be inversely related to the thickness of the Fresnel lens at the opposite position. In the embodiment of the disclosure, through the design that the dielectric constant of the compensation lens is matched with the thickness of the fresnel lens, when the intermediate voltage is applied to the first transparent electrode, the problem of uneven electric field distribution caused by the thickness of the fresnel lens and acting on the liquid crystal layer can be solved as much as possible, so that liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer deflect approximately uniformly, the continuous adjustment of the liquid crystal lens power is realized to improve the zoom power range of the liquid crystal lens, and the imaging quality is improved.
The liquid crystal lens and the liquid crystal glasses provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a liquid crystal lens, and fig. 2A is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal lens according to an example of the embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 2A, the liquid crystal lens includes: the liquid crystal display device includes a first transparent substrate 100, a second transparent substrate 200 disposed in parallel with the first transparent substrate 100, a liquid crystal layer 300 between the first transparent substrate 100 and the second transparent substrate 200, a first transparent electrode 400 disposed on a side of the first lens substrate 100 facing the second transparent substrate 200, and a second transparent electrode 500 disposed on a side of the second transparent substrate 200 facing the first transparent substrate 100.
For example, the first transparent substrate 100 and the second transparent substrate 200 may be made of a glass transparent substrate, or may be made of a transparent material such as Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), so as to prevent the first transparent substrate 100 and the second transparent substrate 200 from affecting the light transmittance.
For example, the material of the first and second transparent electrodes 400 and 500 may be a transparent conductive metal oxide or a transparent conductive organic polymer material. For example, the material of the first and second transparent electrodes 400 and 500 may be indium tin oxide or indium zinc oxide, etc. to ensure transparency of the two transparent electrodes. For example, the thickness of the first transparent electrode 400 in a direction perpendicular to the first transparent substrate 100 may be 0.04 μm to 0.07 μm.
For example, as shown in fig. 2A, the liquid crystal lens further includes a fresnel lens 600 located on a side of the first transparent substrate 100 facing the liquid crystal layer 300, the fresnel lens 600 includes a flat first surface 610 and a second surface 620 provided with insections, which are opposite to each other, and the second surface 620 of the fresnel lens 600 is provided with insections having a structure distributed at intervals in a fresnel zone. That is, the side of the fresnel lens 600 facing the liquid crystal layer 300 is provided with grooves 623 spaced apart in a fresnel zone. The liquid crystal layer 300 is located on a side of the second surface 620 of the fresnel lens 600 away from the first surface 610. The fresnel lens 600 includes a first center portion 621 corresponding to a central circle of a fresnel zone and a plurality of first annular portions 622 surrounding the first center portion 621, the first annular portions 622 corresponding to an annular shape of the fresnel zone. For example, the first central portion 621 and the first annular portion 622 are concentric structures. The first annular portion 622 is a lens structure between the grooves 623.
For example, as shown in fig. 2A, an orthographic projection of the first central portion 621 on the first transparent substrate 100 is a circle, the thickness of the first central portion 621 gradually changes from the center of the circle to the circumferential direction (e.g., the X1 direction and the X2 direction shown in fig. 2A), the thickness of each first annular portion 622 gradually changes, and the thickness variation trend of the first central portion 621 is the same as the thickness variation trend of each first annular portion 622. The embodiment of the present disclosure schematically shows that the orthographic projection of the first central portion on the first transparent substrate is a circle, and in this case, the orthographic projection of the first annular portion on the first transparent substrate is a ring. However, the orthographic projection of the first central portion on the first transparent substrate may be in the shape of a bar, a rectangle, etc., and in this case, the positive lens of the first annular portion on the first transparent substrate may be in the shape of a bar, a rectangular ring, etc.
For example, in the example shown in fig. 2A, the thickness of the first center portion 621 gradually increases from the center of the circle to the circumferential direction, that is, the thickness of the portion of the first center portion 621 closer to the first annular portion 622 is larger, and the second surface 620 of the first center portion 621 of the fresnel lens 600 is concave. The thickness of each first annular portion 622 gradually increases from the first central portion 621 toward the first central portion 621. That is, in a direction from the center of the circle toward the circumference, the depth of the groove 623 at the position of the first central portion 621 gradually decreases, and the depth of the groove 623 at the position of each first annular portion 622 gradually decreases.
For example, the size of the first annular part 622 is not less than 25 μm from the center of the circle to the direction of the circumference. For example, the radius of the circle in the Fresnel zone satisfies ri＝(ifλ)1/2Where i is the number of circles in the fresnel zone (the number increases gradually from the center of the fresnel zone toward the circumference), f is the focal length of the fresnel lens, and λ is the wavelength of the incident light, the dimension d of the i-1 (the second circle corresponds to the first annular portion) first annular portion 622 is ri-ri-1。
As shown in fig. 2A, the liquid crystal lens further includes a compensation lens 700 located between the fresnel lens 600 and the first transparent substrate 100, and the first transparent electrode 400 is located on a side of the compensation lens 700 facing the first transparent substrate 100. The dielectric constant of the compensation lens 700 facing at different thicknesses of the fresnel lens 600 is different, and the dielectric constant of the compensation lens 700 is configured to be inversely related to the thickness of the fresnel lens 600 at the facing position. The fresnel lens at the position facing the compensation lens is, for example, at the position Q of the fresnel lens 600 facing the position P of the compensation lens 700 shown in fig. 2A, and the position P and the position Q are located on the same straight line perpendicular to the first lens substrate 100. The "facing" of the two structures in the embodiments of the present disclosure means that the two structures are located on the same line along the Y direction.
For example, in a direction perpendicular to the first transparent substrate 100, the dielectric constant of the compensation lens 700 corresponding to the fresnel lens 600 decreases as the thickness of the fresnel lens 600 increases, i.e., the dielectric constant of the compensation lens 700 facing a position where the thickness of the fresnel lens 600 is large is small. I.e. the dielectric constant of the compensation lens directly below the fresnel lens decreases with increasing thickness of the fresnel lens.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the compensation lens is arranged on the side, away from the liquid crystal layer, of the Fresnel lens, and the dielectric constant of the compensation lens is arranged according to the thickness change rule of the Fresnel lens, so that an electric field acting on liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer can be compensated as much as possible, the deflection of the liquid crystal molecules is approximately uniform, and the purposes of continuous change of the refractive index of liquid crystal and continuous adjustment of the degree of the liquid crystal lens are achieved.
For example, fig. 2B is a schematic plan view of the compensation lens shown in fig. 2A taken along line BB. As shown in fig. 2A and 2B, the compensation lens 700 includes a second central portion 710 and a plurality of second annular portions 720 surrounding the second central portion 710. An orthographic projection of the second central portion 710 on the first transparent substrate 100 is, for example, a circle, the dielectric constant of the second central portion 710 gradually changes from the center of the circle to the circumferential direction (for example, the direction X1 and the direction X2 shown in fig. 2A), the dielectric constant of each second annular portion 720 gradually changes, and the trend of the change of the dielectric constant of the second central portion 710 is the same as the trend of the change of the dielectric constant of each second annular portion 720.
For example, as shown in fig. 2A and 2B, an orthographic projection of the first center portion 621 on the first transparent substrate 100 coincides with an orthographic projection of the second center portion 710 on the first transparent substrate 100. For example, the center of the circular orthographic projection of the first center portion 621 coincides with the center of the circular orthographic projection of the second center portion 710, and the radii of the two circular orthographic projections are substantially equal.
For example, the orthographic projection of the first annular portion 622 on the first transparent substrate 100 and the orthographic projection of the second annular portion 720 on the first transparent substrate 100 are overlapped in a one-to-one correspondence. The number of the first annular portions 622 is the same as that of the second annular portions 720, and there is a one-to-one correspondence.
For example, the dielectric constant of the second center portion 710 is configured to be inversely related to the thickness of the first center portion 621 at the facing position.
For example, as shown in fig. 2A, when the thickness of the first center portion 621 gradually increases in a direction from the center toward the circumference, the dielectric constant of the second center portion 710 gradually decreases. When an intermediate voltage (e.g., 3.5V) is applied to the first transparent electrode, the electric field applied to the liquid crystal layer at the edge of the first center portion is smaller than the electric field applied to the liquid crystal layer at the center of the first center portion; and the electric field applied to the liquid crystal layer at the edge of the second central portion is larger than the electric field applied to the liquid crystal layer at the center of the second central portion. That is, the fresnel lens and the compensation lens have opposite effects on the electric field acting on the liquid crystal layer at the same position to achieve the compensation of the electric field. Therefore, the design that the dielectric constant of the second central part is matched with the thickness of the first central part can compensate the electric field with uneven distribution caused by the thickness of the Fresnel lens as much as possible when the intermediate voltage is applied to the first transparent electrode, so that the deflection of liquid crystal molecules is approximately uniform, and the continuous change of the refractive index of liquid crystal and the continuous adjustment of the power of the liquid crystal lens are realized.
Likewise, the dielectric constant of the second annular portion 720 is configured to be inversely related to the thickness of the first annular portion 622 at the facing position.
For example, as shown in fig. 2A, the thickness of each first annular portion 622 gradually increases and the dielectric constant of each second annular portion 720 gradually decreases from the center of the circle to the circumferential direction. Thus, when an intermediate voltage (e.g., 3.5V voltage) is applied to the first transparent electrode, the electric field applied to a portion of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer located closer to the first central portion in the first annular portion is smaller than the electric field applied to a portion of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer located farther from the first central portion in the first annular portion; and the electric field acting on the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer positioned in the second annular portion near the second central portion is larger than the electric field acting on the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer positioned in the second annular portion far from the second central portion. That is, the fresnel lens and the compensation lens have opposite effects on the electric field acting on the liquid crystal layer at the same position to achieve the compensation of the electric field. Therefore, the design that the dielectric constant of the compensation lens is matched with the thickness of the Fresnel lens can solve the problem of uneven electric field distribution caused by the thickness of the Fresnel lens when the intermediate voltage is applied to the first transparent electrode, so that the liquid crystal deflection is approximately uniform, and the continuous change of the refractive index of the liquid crystal and the continuous adjustment of the degree of the liquid crystal lens are realized.
For example, alignment films (not shown) having the same alignment direction are respectively disposed on a side of the second transparent electrode 500 facing the liquid crystal layer 300 and a side of the fresnel lens 600 facing the liquid crystal layer 300, so that the optical axis of the liquid crystal is parallel to the first transparent substrate 100 when the liquid crystal is not subjected to an electric field.
For example, fig. 3A is a liquid crystal lens provided as an example of an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 3A, the liquid crystal lens further includes: and a polarizer 800 positioned between the compensation lens 700 and the fresnel lens 600, wherein a transmission axis of the polarizer 800 is perpendicular or parallel to an initial alignment direction of a long axis of liquid crystals in the liquid crystal layer 300. The position of the polarizer is not particularly limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and for example, the polarizer may be located on a side of the first transparent substrate away from the compensation lens.
For example, the incident light passes through the first transparent substrate 100 and the compensation lens 700 and enters the polarizing plate 800, passes through the polarizing plate 800 and emits polarized light, and the polarized light may be modulated by the fresnel lens 600 and the liquid crystal layer 300 and then emitted from the second transparent substrate 200.
The embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited to providing a polarizer on the liquid crystal lens, and a matching liquid crystal lens having the same structure as the liquid crystal lens may be stacked on a side of the second transparent substrate 200 of the liquid crystal lens shown in fig. 3A away from the first transparent substrate 100, where the matching liquid crystal lens is different from the liquid crystal lens shown in fig. 3A in that the alignment directions of the alignment films of the matching liquid crystal lens and the liquid crystal lens are perpendicular to each other to modulate two polarized light components perpendicular to each other in natural light.
For example, the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer 300 is an anisotropic crystal. Taking liquid crystal as a uniaxial crystal as an example, when one polarized light passes through one uniaxial crystal, two polarized lights are formed, and this phenomenon is called birefringence. The uniaxial liquid crystal has a refractive index n when light propagates in the x directionyAnd nzRefractive index of when propagating in the y-directionnxAnd nzHaving only one refractive index n when propagating in the z-directionx(＝ny) The z-axis of a uniaxial liquid crystal is called the optic axis. If the propagation direction of light is not on the xyz axis, light whose vibration direction is perpendicular to the optical axis is generally called normal light, and light whose vibration direction is parallel to the optical axis is generally called extraordinary light. The refractive index of normal light is defined as n⊥The refractive index of the extraordinary ray is defined as n∥And the birefringence is defined as Δ n ═ n∥-n⊥. When the liquid crystal is a positive light liquid crystal, n∥>n⊥，Δn>0. The embodiments of the present disclosure are described taking the liquid crystal as an example of a positive optical liquid crystal, and the refractive index of the liquid crystal in the power-off state (the state shown in fig. 2A) is an extraordinary optical refractive index, and the refractive index in the power-on state is a normal optical refractive index.
For example, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the refractive index of the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer 300 is configured to be changed between the first refractive index n1 and the second refractive index n2, one of the first refractive index n1 and the second refractive index n2 is a normal optical refractive index, and the other is an extraordinary optical refractive index, which is described by taking n1> n2 as an example. The refractive index n0 of the fresnel lens 600 satisfies: n1 is not less than n0 is not less than n 2.
For example, when the voltage applied to the first transparent electrode 400 and the second transparent electrode 500 is 0V, the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules are parallel to the first transparent substrate 100 (the state shown in fig. 3A), the vibration direction of the incident polarized light is parallel to the optical axis of the liquid crystal, and the refractive index of the liquid crystal is n 1; when a high voltage is applied to the first transparent electrode 400 and a 0V voltage is applied to the second transparent electrode 500, the liquid crystal molecules are subjected to a strong electric field, the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules is perpendicular to the first transparent substrate 100, the vibration direction of the incident polarized light is perpendicular to the optical axis of the liquid crystal, and the refractive index of the liquid crystal is n 2.
For example, the refractive index n0 of the fresnel lens 600 is n 1. When the liquid crystal is in the power-off state, the refractive index of the fresnel lens 600 is the same as the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 300 in the power-off state, and at this time, the fresnel lens 600 and the liquid crystal layer 300 can be used as flat plate structures, and the propagation direction of incident parallel light is not affected. On the other hand, when the liquid crystal is in the energized state, since the refractive index of the fresnel lens 600 is larger than the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 300 in the energized state, the parallel light incident on the interface between the fresnel lens 600 and the liquid crystal layer 300 is diffused, and the combination of the fresnel lens 600 and the liquid crystal layer 300 functions as a diffusion lens. Thereby, the liquid crystal lens can switch between the divergent light and transmissive functions.
For example, the refractive index n0 of the fresnel lens 600 is n 2. When the liquid crystal is in the energized state, the refractive index of the fresnel lens 600 is the same as the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 300 in the energized state, and at this time, the fresnel lens 600 and the liquid crystal layer 300 can be flat plate structures, and have no influence on the propagation direction of incident parallel light. And in the liquid crystal off state, since the refractive index of the fresnel lens 600 is smaller than that of the liquid crystal layer 300 in the off state, parallel light incident to the interface of the fresnel lens 600 and the liquid crystal layer 300 is condensed, and the combination of the fresnel lens 600 and the liquid crystal layer 300 functions as a condensing lens. Thereby, the liquid crystal lens can switch between the condensing and transmitting functions.
For example, the refractive index n0 of the fresnel lens 600 satisfies n1> n0> n 2. When the liquid crystal is in the energized state, the refractive index of the fresnel lens 600 is larger than the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 300 in the energized state, and at this time, the parallel light incident on the interface between the fresnel lens 600 and the liquid crystal layer 300 is diffused, and the combination of the fresnel lens 600 and the liquid crystal layer 300 functions as a diffusion lens. And in the liquid crystal off state, since the refractive index of the fresnel lens 600 is smaller than that of the liquid crystal layer 300 in the off state, parallel light incident to the interface of the fresnel lens 600 and the liquid crystal layer 300 is condensed, and the combination of the fresnel lens 600 and the liquid crystal layer 300 functions as a condensing lens. Thereby, the liquid crystal lens can switch between functions of diverging light and converging light.
The Fresnel lens in the embodiment of the disclosure plays a focusing role, determines the diopter of the liquid crystal lens, and can realize the purpose of variable focal length of the liquid crystal lens by matching with the refractive index of liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer. For example, the diopter of the fresnel lens is determined by the radius of curvature, the caliber, and the refractive index. The step of optically designing the fresnel lens may comprise: calculating and designing an initial structure of the Fresnel lens according to the target diopter and the refractive index range of the adopted material; then, according to the requirements of the wavelength range, the field angle, the tolerance range and the like of the incident light, optimization correction is carried out on free variables such as the curvature radius, the refractive index and the thickness of the initial structure of the Fresnel lens (for example, parameters of the curvature radius are adjusted to form an aspheric surface and other surface types, refractive index parameters are finely adjusted or the thickness is optimized), and finally, the lens parameters meeting the requirements of image quality are optimally designed.
The embodiment of the disclosure can realize the switching of the liquid crystal lens among multiple functions by matching the refractive index of the Fresnel lens with the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer. The compensation lens in the embodiment of the disclosure is matched with the Fresnel lens, so that electric fields acting on different positions in the liquid crystal layer are compensated, and the problem of non-uniform electric field is solved, so that liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer is deflected uniformly.
For example, as shown in FIG. 3A, the compensation lens 700 includes a cured liquid crystal layer. The deflection directions of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer after curing at the positions opposite to the Fresnel lenses with different thicknesses are different, so that the dielectric constants of the compensation lenses at the positions opposite to the Fresnel lenses with different thicknesses are different. The direction of deflection of the liquid crystal molecules in the compensation lens determines the dielectric constant of the compensation lens, and thus, a desired dielectric constant can be obtained by adjusting the direction of deflection of the liquid crystal molecules at different positions in the compensation lens.
For example, as shown in fig. 3A, the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer is a positive liquid crystal. Since the dielectric constant of the compensation lens 700 is configured to be inversely related to the thickness of the fresnel lens 600 at the facing position, in the second center portion 710 (or in each of the second annular portions 720), the liquid crystal molecules 711 at the position corresponding to the smallest thickness of the fresnel lens 600 are substantially parallel to the first transparent substrate 100, the liquid crystal molecules 711 at the position corresponding to the largest thickness of the fresnel lens 600 are substantially perpendicular to the first transparent substrate 100, and the liquid crystal molecules 711 facing the fresnel lens 600 gradually change from the deflected state (horizontal orientation) parallel to the first transparent substrate 100 to the deflected state (vertical orientation) perpendicular to the first transparent substrate 100 in the direction in which the thickness of the fresnel lens 600 increases from small to large. Therefore, along the direction that the center of the circular orthographic projection of the second central part points to the circumference, the dielectric constant of the second central part of the compensation lens is gradually reduced, and the dielectric constant of the second annular part of the compensation lens is also gradually reduced. The liquid crystal molecules are parallel to the first transparent substrate, that is, the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules are parallel to the first transparent substrate, and that the liquid crystal molecules are perpendicular to the first transparent substrate means that the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules are perpendicular to the first transparent substrate.
For example, fig. 3B is a schematic plan view of the liquid crystal in the second annular portion shown in fig. 3A. As shown in fig. 3B, the compensation lens 700 includes a plurality of liquid crystal rings 702, that is, liquid crystals in the compensation lens 700 are arranged in a ring shape around a central axis of the second central portion 710 extending along the Y direction, and the included angles between the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules in the same ring and the central axis are the same. For example, the liquid crystal in each liquid crystal ring 702 shown in fig. 3B is symmetrically distributed. For example, the plurality of liquid crystals in each liquid crystal ring may also all be deflected in the same direction. As long as the included angles between the deflection direction of each liquid crystal molecule in each ring and the central axis are the same to meet the requirement of dielectric constant.
The shape of the compensation lens equivalent to the lens shown in fig. 3C is obtained according to the change rule of the dielectric constant of the compensation lens. The compensation lens in fig. 3C may be regarded as a lens having a shape complementary to that of the fresnel lens in fig. 3A, whereby the influence of the fresnel lens and the compensation lens on the electric field acting on the liquid crystal layer at the same position is reversed to achieve compensation of the electric field.
For example, the liquid crystal in the compensation lens may be cured according to the thickness variation law of the fresnel lens. For example, the process of curing the liquid crystal may include: preparing a corresponding alignment layer on a substrate, coating a liquid crystal layer material, pre-baking the liquid crystal layer material, irradiating the liquid crystal layer material by adopting ultraviolet light, and then post-baking the liquid crystal layer material. The embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the process of curing the liquid crystal as long as the cured liquid crystal satisfies the above-described alignment rule.
For example, as shown in fig. 3A, the compensation lens 700 includes two surfaces opposite to each other, both of which are parallel to the principal plane of the first transparent substrate 100, and a surface of the fresnel lens 600 on a side facing the compensation lens 700 is parallel to the principal plane of the first transparent substrate 100. Here, the principal plane of the first transparent substrate 100 is a plane perpendicular to the Y direction shown in the figure. In the embodiment of the disclosure, the surface of the compensation lens facing the fresnel lens is parallel to the surface of the fresnel lens facing the compensation lens, so that the compensation lens can be prevented from influencing the incident direction of the incident light when the incident light is incident on the fresnel lens.
For example, as shown in fig. 3A, the refractive indices of the compensation lens 700 in a direction perpendicular to the main plane of the first transparent substrate 100 (i.e., Y direction) are uniform, that is, the alignment directions of the liquid crystals aligned in the Y direction in the compensation lens 700 are the same.
For example, the equivalent refractive index of the second center portion 710 in the compensation lens 700 is configured to be inversely related to the thickness of the first center portion 621 at the facing position, and the equivalent refractive index of the second annular portion 720 in the compensation lens 700 is configured to be inversely related to the thickness of the first annular portion 622 at the facing position. According to the matching relationship between the equivalent refractive index of the compensation lens and the thickness of the fresnel lens, it can be obtained that the compensation lens can be equivalent to the convex lens shown in fig. 3B, the parallel light incident to the compensation lens can be converged by the compensation lens, and the converged light can be diverged by the fresnel lens (in the case that the refractive index of the fresnel lens is larger than that of the liquid crystal layer). Although the compensation lens in the disclosed embodiment has a converging effect on the incident light, the refractive index gradient is small, so the converging focus is long, the converging deflection is not obvious, and the diverging function of the fresnel lens is slightly weakened. Therefore, in an example of the present embodiment, the compensation lens and the fresnel lens may be combined (for example, a positive and negative lens combination, or a positive and positive lens combination), and refractive indexes, curvature radii, thicknesses, and deflection states of liquid crystal molecules of the two lenses are designed to design different combined lenses, so as to realize different focal lengths. The disclosed embodiments are not limited thereto, and the refractive index of the compensation lens may be unchanged by selecting the material of the compensation lens, so that the deflection of the incident light ray is not affected.
For example, the thickness of the compensation lens 700 is 0.5 to 25 μm in a direction perpendicular to the main plane of the first transparent substrate 110.
For example, fig. 4A is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a liquid crystal lens according to another example of an embodiment of the present disclosure. The shape of the fresnel lens in the liquid crystal lens shown in fig. 4A is different from the shape of the fresnel lens in the liquid crystal lens shown in fig. 2A to 3B. As shown in fig. 4A, when the thickness of the first center portion 621 gradually decreases from the center of the circular orthographic projection of the fresnel lens 600 on the first transparent substrate 100 to the circumferential direction, the dielectric constant of the second center portion 710 gradually increases. When an intermediate voltage (e.g., 3.5V) is applied to the first transparent electrode, the electric field applied to the liquid crystal layer at the edge of the first center portion is larger than the electric field applied to the liquid crystal layer at the center of the first center portion; and the electric field applied to the liquid crystal layer at the edge of the second center portion is smaller than the electric field applied to the liquid crystal layer at the center of the second center portion. That is, the fresnel lens and the compensation lens have opposite effects on the electric field acting on the liquid crystal layer at the same position to achieve the compensation of the electric field. Therefore, the design that the dielectric constant of the second central part is matched with the thickness of the first central part can compensate the electric field which is unevenly distributed and is caused by the thickness of the Fresnel lens when the intermediate voltage is applied to the first transparent electrode, so that the deflection of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer is approximately uniform, and the continuous change of the refractive index of the liquid crystal and the continuous adjustment of the power of the liquid crystal lens are realized.
Likewise, the dielectric constant of the second annular portion 720 is configured to be inversely related to the thickness of the first annular portion 622 at the facing position.
For example, as shown in fig. 4A, the thickness of 622 of each first annular portion gradually decreases and the dielectric constant of 720 of each second annular portion gradually increases from the center of the circle to the circumferential direction. Therefore, the design that the dielectric constant of the second annular part is matched with the thickness of the first annular part can compensate the electric field which is unevenly distributed and caused by the thickness of the Fresnel lens when the intermediate-state voltage is applied to the first transparent electrode, so that the deflection of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer is approximately uniform, and the continuous change of the refractive index of the liquid crystal and the continuous adjustment of the power of the liquid crystal lens are realized.
For example, as shown in fig. 4A, the compensation lens 700 includes a cured liquid crystal layer. For example, the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer is a positive liquid crystal. In the second center portion 710 (or, in each of the second annular portions 720), the liquid crystal molecules 711 at the position corresponding to the smallest thickness of the fresnel lens 600 are substantially parallel to the first transparent substrate 100, the liquid crystal molecules 711 at the position corresponding to the largest thickness of the fresnel lens 600 are substantially perpendicular to the first transparent substrate 100, and the liquid crystal molecules 711 facing the fresnel lens 600 gradually change from a deflected state (vertical alignment) perpendicular to the first transparent substrate 100 to a deflected state (horizontal alignment) parallel to the first transparent substrate 100 in a direction in which the thickness of the fresnel lens 600 decreases from large to small. Accordingly, the dielectric constant of the second central portion of the compensation lens gradually increases and the dielectric constant of the second annular portion of the compensation lens also gradually increases in the circumferential direction along the center of the second central portion. The shape of the compensation lens equivalent to the lens shown in fig. 4B is obtained according to the change rule of the dielectric constant of the compensation lens. The compensation lens in fig. 4B may be regarded as a lens having a shape complementary to that of the fresnel lens in fig. 4A, whereby the influence of the fresnel lens and the compensation lens on the electric field acting on the liquid crystal layer at the same position is reversed to achieve compensation of the electric field.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing a state of deflection of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer in a region above the central portion of the fresnel lens when an intermediate voltage is applied to the first electrode in each of the examples shown in fig. 2A to 3B. As shown in fig. 5, taking the liquid crystal layer positioned in the first center portion of the fresnel lens as an example, the liquid crystal molecules in the region D positioned above the first center portion having a relatively large thickness and the region E positioned above the first center portion having a relatively small thickness are in substantially the same deflection state. In this case, the refractive index of each position of the liquid crystal layer is substantially uniform, and image blur due to stray light does not occur. Therefore, the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal lens shown in fig. 2A-3B can realize continuous change of the refractive index, thereby realizing adjustment of the degree of the glasses. Of course, the liquid crystal molecule deflection in the liquid crystal layer in the example shown in fig. 4A-4B is also uniform.
Another embodiment of the present disclosure provides liquid crystal glasses, including the liquid crystal lenses provided in any of the above embodiments, liquid crystal molecules in a liquid crystal layer in the liquid crystal glasses provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure deflect uniformly under the action of an electric field generated by applying an intermediate state voltage, and a continuous change of a refractive index can be realized, thereby realizing an adjustment of a degree of the glasses. In addition, the liquid crystal glasses provided by the embodiment of the disclosure can also realize multifunctional transformation of concave lenses, convex lenses and the like so as to meet the requirements of various users.
The following points need to be explained:
(1) in the drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure, only the structures related to the embodiments of the present disclosure are referred to, and other structures may refer to general designs.
(2) Features of the same embodiment of the disclosure and of different embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The above are merely exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure, which is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (15)
1. A liquid crystal lens comprising:
a first transparent substrate, a second transparent substrate opposed to the first transparent substrate, and a liquid crystal layer located between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate;
the Fresnel lens is positioned between the first transparent substrate and the liquid crystal layer, and grooves distributed at intervals according to Fresnel wave bands are arranged on one side, facing the liquid crystal layer, of the Fresnel lens; and
a compensation lens positioned between the Fresnel lens and the first transparent substrate,
wherein the dielectric constant of the compensation lens directly opposite to the Fresnel lens at the different thickness is different, and the dielectric constant of the compensation lens is configured to be inversely related to the Fresnel lens thickness at the directly opposite position.
2. The liquid crystal lens of claim 1, further comprising:
the first transparent electrode is positioned on one side, facing the first transparent substrate, of the compensation lens; and
and the second transparent electrode is positioned on one side of the liquid crystal layer facing the second transparent substrate.
3. The liquid crystal lens according to claim 1, wherein the Fresnel lens comprises a first central portion and a plurality of first annular portions surrounding the first central portion, and the thickness of each of the first annular portions and the first central portion gradually changes from the center of the orthographic projection of the first central portion on the first transparent substrate to the edge direction, and the thickness change trends of the first annular portion and the first central portion are the same;
the compensation lens comprises a second central portion and a plurality of second annular portions surrounding the second central portion, orthographic projections of the first central portion on the first transparent substrate are overlapped with orthographic projections of the second central portion on the first transparent substrate, orthographic projections of the first annular portions on the first transparent substrate are overlapped with orthographic projections of the second annular portions on the first transparent substrate in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the dielectric constant of the second central portion is configured to be in negative correlation with the thickness of the first central portion at a facing position, and the dielectric constant of the second annular portions is configured to be in negative correlation with the thickness of the first annular portions at the facing position.
4. The liquid crystal lens according to claim 3, wherein the thickness of each of the first annular portions and the first central portion gradually increases and the dielectric constant of each of the second annular portions and the second central portion gradually decreases from the center of the orthographic projection of the first central portion on the first transparent substrate to the direction of the edge.
5. The liquid crystal lens according to claim 3, wherein the thickness of each of the first annular portions and the first central portion gradually decreases and the dielectric constant of each of the second annular portions and the second central portion gradually increases from the center of the orthographic projection of the first central portion on the first transparent substrate to the direction of the edge.
6. The liquid crystal lens according to claim 3, wherein an orthographic projection of the first central portion on the first transparent substrate is a circle, and a direction of a central pointing edge of the orthographic projection of the first central portion on the first transparent substrate is a radial direction of the circle.
7. The liquid crystal lens of any one of claims 3-6, wherein the compensation lens comprises cured liquid crystal.
8. The liquid crystal lens of claim 7, wherein the liquid crystal in the compensation lens is a positive liquid crystal.
9. The liquid crystal lens according to claim 8, wherein the center of the orthographic projection of the first central portion on the first transparent substrate points to the edge direction, the thickness of each of the first annular portion and the first central portion gradually increases, and the liquid crystal molecules in each of the second annular portion and the second central portion gradually change from a deflection direction parallel to the main plane of the first transparent substrate to a deflection direction perpendicular to the main plane of the first transparent substrate; or, the thickness of each of the first annular parts and the first central part gradually decreases from the center of the orthographic projection of the first central part on the first transparent substrate to the edge direction, and the liquid crystal molecules in each of the second annular parts and the second central part gradually change from the deflection direction perpendicular to the main plane of the first transparent substrate to the deflection direction parallel to the main plane of the first transparent substrate.
10. The liquid crystal lens according to claim 9, wherein the liquid crystal in the compensation lens comprises a plurality of liquid crystal rings surrounding a central axis of the compensation lens, and liquid crystal molecules in the same liquid crystal ring have the same included angle with the central axis.
11. The liquid crystal lens according to claim 7, wherein the equivalent refractive index of the second central portion is configured to be inversely related to the thickness of the first central portion at the facing position, and the equivalent refractive index of the second annular portion is configured to be inversely related to the thickness of the first annular portion at the facing position.
12. The liquid crystal lens according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the compensation lens comprises two surfaces opposite to each other, both of which are parallel to the main plane of the first transparent substrate, and the surface of the Fresnel lens facing the compensation lens side is parallel to the main plane of the first transparent substrate.
13. The liquid crystal lens according to claim 12, wherein the thickness of the compensation lens is 0.5 to 25 μm in a direction perpendicular to the main plane of the first transparent substrate.
14. The liquid crystal lens of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the refractive index of the liquid crystals in the liquid crystal layer is configured to vary between a first refractive index n1 and a second refractive index n2, the refractive index n0 of the Fresnel lens satisfying: n1 is not less than n0 is not less than n 2.
15. A liquid crystal spectacles comprising a liquid crystal lens as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 14.
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| CN201910500411.XA CN112068332B (en) | 2019-06-11 | 2019-06-11 | Liquid crystal lens and liquid crystal glasses |
| PCT/CN2020/085907 WO2020248720A1 (en) | 2019-06-11 | 2020-04-21 | Liquid crystal lens and liquid crystal glasses |
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| CN201910500411.XA CN112068332B (en) | 2019-06-11 | 2019-06-11 | Liquid crystal lens and liquid crystal glasses |
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