CN112068235A - Preparation method, metal wire grating polaroid, display device and electronic equipment - Google Patents
Preparation method, metal wire grating polaroid, display device and electronic equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN112068235A CN112068235A CN202010942282.2A CN202010942282A CN112068235A CN 112068235 A CN112068235 A CN 112068235A CN 202010942282 A CN202010942282 A CN 202010942282A CN 112068235 A CN112068235 A CN 112068235A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
- G02B5/3058—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state comprising electrically conductive elements, e.g. wire grids, conductive particles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
- G02B1/14—Protective coatings, e.g. hard coatings
Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides a preparation method of a metal wire grid polarizer, the metal wire grid polarizer, a display device and electronic equipment, wherein the preparation method of the metal wire grid polarizer comprises the following steps: providing a carrier; forming a metal layer on the carrier; forming a plurality of metal wire grids on the metal layer through an etching process to form a metal wire grid layer; and forming a protective layer on the surface of the metal wire grid layer, wherein the protective layer is used for isolating air. According to the preparation method of the metal wire grating polaroid, the prepared metal wire grating polaroid comprises the protective layer which can isolate air, so that the metal layer of the metal wire grating polaroid can be protected from being oxidized, the metal wire grating polaroid is prevented from being oxidized, the stability of the metal wire grating polaroid is improved, and the accuracy of the light sensor for detecting ambient light is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of electronic technologies, and in particular, to a method for manufacturing a metal wire grid polarizer, a display device, and an electronic apparatus.
Background
With the development of electronic technology, the screen occupation ratio of electronic equipment such as a smartphone is increasing, and thus the area on the display screen of the electronic equipment for disposing electronic devices such as sensors is decreasing. Therefore, on more and more electronic devices, a light sensor is disposed below a display screen to detect ambient light through the light sensor.
However, when the light sensor is disposed under the display screen, the accuracy of detecting the ambient light by the light sensor may gradually decrease as the usage time increases.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a preparation method of metal wire grating polaroid, display device and electronic equipment, can prevent that the metal wire grating polaroid from being oxidized to improve the stability of metal wire grating polaroid, and then improve the accuracy that light sensor detected the environment light.
The embodiment of the application provides a preparation method of a metal wire grid polarizer, which comprises the following steps:
providing a carrier;
forming a metal layer on the carrier;
forming a plurality of metal wire grids on the metal layer through an etching process to form a metal wire grid layer;
and forming a protective layer on the surface of the metal wire grid layer, wherein the protective layer is used for isolating air.
The embodiment of the application also provides a metal wire grid polarizer, and the metal wire grid polarizer is prepared by the preparation method of the metal wire grid polarizer.
An embodiment of the present application further provides a display device, including:
a display screen comprising a first polarizing element;
the light adjusting component is arranged on one side of the display screen and comprises a second polarizing element, and the second polarizing element is prepared by the preparation method of the metal wire grid polarizer;
the first light sensor is arranged on one side, away from the display screen, of the dimming assembly, and the first light sensor and the second polarizing element are arranged in a right-to-right mode;
the second light sensor is arranged on one side, away from the display screen, of the dimming assembly; wherein
The light adjusting assembly is used for filtering the ambient light penetrating through the display screen and the light emitted by the display screen, so that the first light sensor receives the light emitted by the display screen, and the second light sensor receives the light emitted by the display screen and the ambient light penetrating through the display screen.
An embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, including:
a display device including the above display device;
a processor electrically connected to the first light sensor and the second light sensor, the processor configured to:
and calculating the ambient light intensity according to the first light intensity detected by the first light sensor and the second light intensity detected by the second light sensor.
The preparation method of metal wire grating polaroid that this application embodiment provided, the metal wire grating polaroid of preparing include the protective layer, the protective layer can completely cut off the air, consequently can protect the metal layer of metal wire grating polaroid is not by the oxidation, and then prevents that the metal wire grating polaroid from being by the oxidation, improves the stability of metal wire grating polaroid, and then improves the accuracy that light sensor detected the ambient light.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a first cross-sectional view of a display device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a second cross-sectional view of a display device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for manufacturing a metal wire grid polarizer according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a metal wire grid polarizer according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the carrier of the metal wire grid polarizer shown in fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view illustrating a structure of a metal layer of the metal wire grid polarizer shown in fig. 5.
Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a metal layer of the metal wire grid polarizer shown in fig. 5.
Fig. 9 is a third cross-sectional view of a display device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 10 is a fourth cross-sectional view of a display device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present application and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The embodiment of the application provides electronic equipment. The electronic device may be a smart phone, a tablet computer, or other devices, and may also be a game device, an AR (Augmented Reality) device, an automobile device, a data storage device, an audio playing device, a video playing device, a notebook computer, a desktop computing device, or other devices.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The electronic device 100 includes a housing 10, a display device 20, and a processor 30.
The housing 10 is used to form the outer contour and the overall frame of the electronic device 100. It is understood that the housing 10 may be used for mounting various functional modules of the electronic device 100, such as a display device, a camera, a circuit board, a battery, etc.
The display device 20 is mounted on the housing 10. The display device 20 is used for displaying information, such as images, texts, and the like. In addition, the display device 20 may further include a light sensor for detecting ambient light, so that the electronic apparatus 100 can control the electronic apparatus 100 according to information detected by the light sensor, for example, display brightness, display color, and the like when the display device 20 displays information can be controlled.
The processor 30 is mounted inside the housing 10. Wherein the processor 30 is electrically connected to the display device 20, so that the processor 30 can control the display of the display device 20. The processor 30 may be further configured to process data detected by the light sensor in the display device 20, for example, analyze and calculate the data detected by the light sensor, so as to determine the ambient light intensity and/or the ambient light chromaticity, and further control the electronic apparatus 100 according to the calculated ambient light intensity and/or the calculated ambient light chromaticity.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a first cross-sectional view of a display device 20 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The display device 20 includes a display screen 21, a dimming component 22, a first light sensor 23, and a second light sensor 24.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that terms such as "first", "second", and the like are used merely to distinguish one similar element from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any indication of the number of technical features indicated.
In the embodiment of the present application, the first light sensor 23 and the second light sensor 24 are only used for distinguishing two light sensors. In other embodiments, the first light sensor 23 may be understood as a second light sensor and the corresponding second light sensor 24 may be understood as a first light sensor.
The display screen 21 is used for displaying information to realize the display function of the display device 20. In some embodiments, the display screen 21 may be an Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED) display screen.
The display screen 21 may generate light, such as light I, when displaying information2. Light I generated by display screen 212Including polarized light directed in various directions. Light I generated by display screen 212Can be used forTowards both sides of the display screen 21, for example towards the side of the dimming component 22 and towards the side facing away from the dimming component 22. Here, the side of the dimming component 22 may be understood as an inner side of the electronic device 100, and the side facing away from the dimming component 22 may be understood as a side facing a user. When the display screen 21 generates the light I2Transmitted toward the user and perceived by the user's eyes, the user can view the information displayed on the display screen 21.
Further, it is understood that ambient light is present in the environment, such as ambient light I1. The ambient light I1And may include sunlight, moonlight, lights, etc. Ambient light I1Can transmit through the display screen 21 and thus transmit to the inside of the electronic device 100, such as the ambient light I1Can be transmitted through the display screen 21 to the side where the dimming component 22 is located.
The dimming component 22 is disposed at one side of the display screen 21. For example, the dimming component 22 is disposed on a side of the display screen 21 facing the inside of the electronic device 100. The light adjusting component 22 is used for filtering the ambient light passing through the display screen 21 and the light emitted from the display screen 21, for example, changing the ambient light I passing through the display screen 211To change the condition that the first light sensor 23 and the second light sensor 24 receive the ambient light. The light adjusting assembly 22 may include a device for changing the polarization direction of light, such as a polarization device, a quarter wave plate, etc.
The first light sensor 23 is a photoelectric sensor, and is configured to convert a received light signal into a corresponding electrical signal. The first light sensor 23 is disposed on a side of the dimming component 22 away from the display screen 21 and opposite to the dimming component 22. Wherein, the first light sensor 23 is used for receiving the light I emitted from the display screen 212. It should be noted that the first light sensor 23 cannot receive the ambient light I transmitted through the display screen 211。
The second light sensor 24 is also a photoelectric sensor for converting the received light signalAnd is converted into corresponding electric signals. The second light sensor 24 is disposed on a side of the dimming component 22 facing away from the display screen 21. Wherein, the second light sensor 24 is used for receiving the light I emitted by the display screen 212And ambient light I transmitted through the display screen 211。
It will be appreciated that the dimming component 22 may alter the ambient light I transmitted through the display screen 21 due to the filtering, e.g., polarizing, of the light by the dimming component 221So that the first light sensor 23 and the second light sensor 24 receive the ambient light I1The situation of (a) is different. In this embodiment, the light adjusting assembly 22 is used for filtering the ambient light passing through the display screen 21 and the light emitted from the display screen 21, so that the first light sensor 23 receives the light I emitted from the display screen 212The second light sensor 24 receives the light I emitted from the display screen 212And ambient light I transmitted through the display screen 211。
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a second cross-sectional view of a display device 20 provided in the embodiments of the present application.
The display panel 21 includes a light-emitting layer 211, a light-shielding layer 212, and a first polarizing element 213.
The light-emitting layer 211 is used for emitting light to generate light when the display screen 21 displays information, such as light I2. Light I generated by the light emitting layer 2112Either toward the side of the dimming component 22 or away from the dimming component 22, i.e., toward the user. In some embodiments, the light emitting layer 211 may include a plurality of Organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLEDs).
The light shielding layer 212 is located on a side of the display screen 21 facing the light adjusting assembly 22. The light-shielding layer 212 is used to provide protection for the light-emitting layer 211. For example, the material of the light-shielding layer 212 may include foam, steel sheet, and the like.
The light-shielding layer 212 has a light-transmitting hole 2121. The light hole 2121 penetratesThe light-shielding layer 212. Thus, the light transmitting holes 2121 may allow light to pass through the light shielding layer 212. Wherein the ambient light I1After transmitting through the light emitting layer 211, the light can pass through the light shielding layer 212 through the light transmitting holes 2121 and continue to be transmitted into the electronic device 100. Light I generated by the light emitting layer 2112The light can pass through the light-shielding layer 212 through the light-transmitting hole 2121 and be transmitted to the inside of the electronic device 100.
The light hole 2121 is opposite to the first light sensor 23 and the second light sensor 24. Thus, the light passing through the light shielding layer 212 may be transmitted toward the first and second light sensors 23 and 24.
It is understood that, in some embodiments, the display screen 21 may not include the light shielding layer 212.
The first polarization element 213 is disposed on a side of the display screen 21 facing a user, that is, on a side of the light-emitting layer 211 facing away from the dimming component 22. In some embodiments, the first polarizing element 213 includes a polarizer.
The first polarization element 213 is used to polarize light. Wherein, when the light emitting layer 211 generates the light I2When transmitted to the first polarizing element 213, linearly polarized light is formed due to the polarization of the first polarizing element 213. I is2The linearly polarized light formed by the first polarization element 213 is transmitted to the outside of the electronic device 100, and after being perceived by the user, the user can normally observe the information displayed on the display screen 21.
On the other hand, when the ambient light I1When the light is transmitted to the inside of the electronic device 100 through the display screen 21, the ambient light I1Linearly polarized light is also formed while passing through the first polarizer 213, and the linearly polarized light continues to travel toward the inside of the electronic apparatus 100.
Wherein the first polarization element 213 comprises a first polarization axis. The first polarization element 213 allows light having a polarization direction parallel to the first polarization axis to pass therethrough, and prevents light having a polarization direction perpendicular to the first polarization axis from passing therethrough. Also hasNamely, the light I generated by the light-emitting layer 2112And ambient light I1In the above embodiment, a part of the light with the polarization direction parallel to the first polarization axis may be transmitted through the first polarization element 213, and a part of the light with the polarization direction perpendicular to the first polarization axis may not be transmitted through the first polarization element 213.
The dimming component 22 includes a second polarization element 221. In some embodiments, the second polarizer 221 is a metal wire grid polarizer. The second polarizing element 221 may also polarize light. The first light sensor 23 is disposed opposite to the second polarizer 221. For example, the second polarization element 221 may be attached to the first optical sensor 23.
Wherein the second polarization element 221 includes a second polarization axis. It is understood that the second polarization element 221 allows light having a polarization direction parallel to the second polarization axis to pass therethrough, and prevents light having a polarization direction perpendicular to the second polarization axis from passing therethrough.
Therefore, when the light emitting layer 211 generates the light I2When transmitted to the second polarizer 221, the light I2Part of the light with the middle polarization direction parallel to the second polarization axis can pass through the second polarization element 221 and continue to be transmitted to the first light sensor 23, and the light I2A part of light rays having a middle polarization direction perpendicular to the second polarization axis cannot pass through the second polarization element 221. Therefore, the first light sensor 23 can receive the light I generated by the light emitting layer 2112I.e. can receive the light I emitted by the display screen 212。
In some embodiments, the second polarization axis is perpendicular to the first polarization axis. Thus, it can be understood that the ambient light I1The polarization direction of linearly polarized light formed after transmitting the first polarizing element 213 is parallel to the first polarization axis, and thus is perpendicular to the second polarization axis. Thus, ambient light I1Linearly polarized light formed after being transmitted through the first polarizer 213 cannot be transmitted through the second polarizer 221. Therefore, the first light sensor 23 cannotReceiving ambient light I1。
On the other hand, the light I generated by the light-emitting layer 2112May be transmitted directly into the second light sensor 24 to be received by the second light sensor 24. Ambient light I1Linearly polarized light formed after being transmitted through the first polarizing element 213 may also be transmitted to the second light sensor 24 so as to be received by the second light sensor 24. Therefore, the second light sensor 24 can receive the light I emitted from the display screen 212Also receives the ambient light I1。
Accordingly, the processor 30 of the electronic device 100 can calculate the ambient light brightness and/or the ambient light chromaticity according to the detection data of the first light sensor 23 and the second light sensor 24.
In the embodiment of the present application, the light I is generated by the light emitting layer 2112Part of the light with the middle polarization direction parallel to the second polarization axis can pass through the second polarization element 221, and part of the light with the middle polarization direction perpendicular to the second polarization axis cannot pass through the second polarization element 221, so that the light received by the first light sensor 23 is the light I generated by the light-emitting layer 2112Half of that. Light I generated by the light emitting layer 2112All may be transmitted to the second light sensor 24. Therefore, the light I generated by the light emitting layer 211 received by the second light sensor 242For the light I generated by the luminescent layer 211 received by the first light sensor 2322 times of the total weight of the powder.
The processor 30 of the electronic device 100 may be electrically connected to the first light sensor 23 and the second light sensor 24. Thus, the processor 30 can calculate the ambient light intensity according to the first light intensity detected by the first light sensor 23 and the second light intensity detected by the second light sensor 24.
In the embodiment of the present application, that is, when the dimming component 22 includes the second polarization element 221 and does not include the following third polarization element 223 and third quarter-wave plate 224, the processor 30 can calculate the ambient light intensity according to the following formula:
P＝X2-2X1
wherein P is the ambient light intensity, X1Is a first light intensity, X, detected by said first light sensor 232Is the second light intensity detected by the second light sensor 24.
In addition, the processor 30 may further calculate the ambient light chromaticity according to the first light chromaticity detected by the first light sensor 23 and the second light chromaticity detected by the second light sensor 24. Wherein the ambient light chromaticity may be calculated according to the following formula:
Q＝Y2-2Y1
wherein Q is the chromaticity of ambient light, Y1Is the first light chromaticity, Y, detected by the first light sensor 232Is the second chromaticity of light detected by the second light sensor 24.
In the electronic device 100 provided in the embodiment of the application, because the situations that the first light sensor 23 and the second light sensor 24 receive the ambient light are different, the first light sensor 23 is configured to receive the light emitted by the display screen 21, and the second light sensor 24 is configured to receive the light emitted by the display screen 21 and the ambient light passing through the display screen 21, the ambient light intensity and/or the ambient light chromaticity can be calculated according to the detection data of the first light sensor 23 and the second light sensor 24, the calculation is simple, the calculation amount is small, and the calculation load on software can be reduced.
The embodiment of the application further provides a preparation method of the metal wire grid polarizer, the preparation method can be used for preparing the metal wire grid polarizer, and the metal wire grid polarizer prepared by the preparation method can be used as the second polarizing element 221.
Referring to fig. 4 and fig. 5, fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a method for manufacturing a metal wire grid polarizer according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and fig. 5 is a schematic view of a first structure of a metal wire grid polarizer 40 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
The preparation method of the metal wire grid polarizer comprises the following steps:
401, providing a carrier;
402, forming a metal layer on the carrier;
403, forming a plurality of metal wire grids on the metal layer by an etching process to form a metal wire grid layer;
and 404, forming a protective layer on the surface of the metal wire grid layer, wherein the protective layer is used for isolating air.
As shown in fig. 5, a carrier 41 is first provided. The carrier 41 is used to form a processing surface or a processing substrate of the metal wire grid polarizer, so that the preparation can be performed on the processing surface or the processing substrate.
In some embodiments, the carrier 41 may include the first light sensor 23. That is, processing is directly performed on the first light sensor 23 to form the wire grid polarizer 40. The metal wire grid polarizer 40 is formed to serve as the second polarizer 221.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the carrier 41 of the metal wire grid polarizer shown in fig. 5.
The carrier 41 includes a glass substrate 411 and an organic polymer layer 412. The glass substrate 411 and the organic polymer layer 412 are stacked. The material of the glass substrate 411 may be transparent glass. The organic polymer layer 412 may be Polyimide (PI) or Polyethylene terephthalate (PET). For example, PET may be attached to a glass substrate, or PI material may be deposited on the surface of the glass substrate. Wherein the thickness of the organic polymer layer 412 may be 100um (micrometer) to 500 um.
With continued reference to fig. 5, after providing the carrier 41, a metal layer 42 is formed on the carrier 41. For example, the metal layer 42 may be formed on the carrier 41 by Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD). In some embodiments, the material of the metal layer 42 includes one of aluminum, silver, and copper. For example, aluminum may be preferred for forming the metal layer 42. In some embodiments, the metal layer 42 has a thickness of 160nm (nanometers) to 300 nm.
It is understood that when the carrier 41 includes the glass substrate 411 and the organic polymer layer 412, the metal layer 42 is formed on the organic polymer layer 412.
After the metal layer 42 is formed, a plurality of metal wire grids are formed on the metal layer 42 through an etching process to form a metal wire grid layer. For example, a Photoresist (PR) may be coated on a surface of the metal layer 42 to form a Photoresist layer, the Photoresist layer is then processed through a nano-imprinting process to form a Photoresist grating, and the metal layer 42 is etched through an etching process with the Photoresist grating as a mask to form a plurality of metal wire grids.
Referring to fig. 7 and 8, fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the metal layer 42 of the metal wire grid polarizer shown in fig. 5, and fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the metal layer 42 of the metal wire grid polarizer shown in fig. 5.
A plurality of grooves 421 are formed on the metal layer 42, and the plurality of grooves 421 are etched on the metal layer 42 by, for example, an etching process, so that a plurality of metal wire grids 422 can be formed on the metal layer 42 through the plurality of grooves 421.
The period of the metal wire grid 422 may be 140nm to 200nm, that is, the distance between the centers of every two adjacent metal wire grids may be 140nm to 200 nm. The duty ratio of the metal wire grid 422 may be 0.5, that is, the width of each metal wire grid 422 is the same as the width of the adjacent groove 421. The height of the metal wire grid 422 may be 160nm to 300nm, that is, the height d between the top surface of the metal wire grid 422 and the bottom surface of the groove 421 may be 160nm to 300 nm.
With continued reference to fig. 5, after forming a metal wire-grid layer on the metal layer 42, a protective layer 43 is formed on the surface of the metal wire-grid layer. For example, the protective layer 43 may be formed on the surface of the metal wire gate layer by Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD).
The protective layer 43 may be used to isolate air, so as to prevent oxygen, moisture, etc. in the air from directly contacting the surface of the metal layer 42, thereby protecting the metal layer 42 from being oxidized, preventing the metal wire grid polarizer 40 from being oxidized, and improving the stability of the metal wire grid polarizer 40. It can be understood that the stability of the metal wire grid polarizer 40 is improved, and the accuracy of detecting light by the light sensors, such as the first light sensor 23 and the second light sensor 24, can be improved, so as to improve the accuracy of detecting ambient light.
In some embodiments, the material of the protection layer 43 includes silicon oxide (e.g., SiO)2) Or silicon nitride (e.g., SiN)2). In some embodiments, the thickness of the protective layer 43 may be 400nm to 600 nm.
In some embodiments, when the carrier 41 includes the glass substrate 411 and the organic polymer layer 412, after the protective layer 43 is formed on the surface of the metal wire grid layer, the method further includes: the glass substrate 411 is peeled off from the organic polymer layer 412. For example, the glass substrate 411 may be separated by mechanical peeling.
It is understood that after the metal wire grid polarizer 40 is manufactured, the metal wire grid polarizer 40 may be attached to the first light sensor 23. For example, the metal wire grid polarizer 40 and the first light sensor 23 may be attached by using Optical Clear Adhesive (OCA), and the thickness of the optical Adhesive may be 10um to 100 um.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 9, fig. 9 is a third cross-sectional view of a display device 20 provided in embodiments of the present application.
Wherein the display screen 21 further comprises a first quarter wave plate 214. The first quarter wave plate 214 is disposed on a side of the first polarizing element 213 facing the dimming component 22, that is, between the first polarizing element 213 and the light emitting layer 211. The first quarter wave plate 214 may be used to change the polarization type of the light and change the polarization angle of the light.
The dimming component 22 also includes a second quarter wave plate 222. The second quarter-wave plate 222 is disposed on a side of the second polarization element 221 facing the display screen 21. The second quarter-wave plate 222 is disposed opposite to the second polarization element 221. For example, the second quarter wave plate 222 may be attached to the first light sensor 23 together with the second polarization element 221. The second quarter wave plate 222 may also be used to change the polarization type of the light and change the polarization angle of the light.
The polarization axis of the second polarization element 221 is perpendicular to the polarization axis of the first polarization element 213, that is, the second polarization axis is perpendicular to the first polarization axis. The fast axis of the second quarter waveplate 222 is perpendicular to the fast axis of the first quarter waveplate 214.
When the ambient light I1When the light is transmitted to the inside of the electronic device 100 through the display screen 21, the ambient light I1Linearly polarized light is formed when the linearly polarized light passes through the first polarization element 213, and then circularly polarized light is formed when the linearly polarized light passes through the first quarter-wave plate 214, and the circularly polarized light sequentially passes through the light emitting layer 211 and the light shielding layer 212 and is transmitted to the dimming component 22. Subsequently, the circularly polarized light forms linearly polarized light again when passing through the second quarter wave plate 222, and the polarization direction of the formed linearly polarized light is the same as the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light formed when passing through the first polarizing element 213. Thus, ambient light I1The polarization direction of the linearly polarized light re-formed while transmitting through the second quarter wave plate 222 is perpendicular to the polarization axis of the second polarization element 221, and cannot continue to transmit through the second polarization element 221. Therefore, the first light sensor 23 still cannot receive the ambient light I1。
Ambient light I1The light can be transmitted to the second light sensor 24 after sequentially transmitting the first polarizing element 213, the first quarter-wave plate 214, the light emitting layer 211, and the light shielding layer 212.
Light I generated by the light emitting layer 2112After sequentially passing through the second quarter-wave plate 222 and the second polarizer 221, the light is transmitted to the first light beamAnd a sensor 23. Wherein, the light ray I2When the light passes through the second quarter-wave plate 222, a set of light rays of linearly polarized light, circularly polarized light, and elliptically polarized light is formed, and half of the set of light rays can pass through the second polarization element 221 and be received by the first light sensor 23. Light I generated by the light emitting layer 2112May be transmitted directly to the second light sensor 24. Therefore, the second light sensor 24 receives the light I2For the light I received by the first light sensor 2322 times of the total weight of the powder.
In the embodiment of the present application, that is, when the dimming component 22 includes the second polarization element 221 and the second quarter wave plate 222, and does not include the following third polarization element 223 and the third quarter wave plate 224, the processor 30 can calculate the ambient light intensity according to the following formula:
P＝X2-2X1
wherein P is the ambient light intensity, X1Is a first light intensity, X, detected by said first light sensor 232Is the second light intensity detected by the second light sensor 24.
The processor 30 may also calculate the ambient light chromaticity according to the following formula:
Q＝Y2-2Y1
wherein Q is the chromaticity of ambient light, Y1Is the first light chromaticity, Y, detected by the first light sensor 232Is the second chromaticity of light detected by the second light sensor 24.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 10, fig. 10 is a fourth cross-sectional view of a display device 20 provided in embodiments of the present application. Wherein the dimming component 22 further comprises a third polarization element 223 and a third quarter-wave plate 224. In some embodiments, the third polarizing element 223 may also be a metal wire grid polarizer, for example, a metal wire grid polarizer that can be prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method is used as the third polarizing element 223.
The third polarization element 223 is disposed opposite to the second light sensor 24. For example,the third polarization element 223 may be attached to the second light sensor 24. The third polarization element 223 is used to polarize light. Wherein, when the light emitting layer 211 generates the light I2When transmitted to the third polarizing element 223, linearly polarized light is formed due to the polarization of the third polarizing element 223. Light ray I2After linearly polarized light is formed, the light is transmitted to the second light sensor 24. Wherein the third polarization element 223 comprises a third polarization axis. In some embodiments, the third polarizing element 223 also includes a polarizer.
The third quarter-wave plate 224 is disposed on a side of the third polarization element 223 facing the display screen 21. The third quarter-wave plate 224 is disposed opposite to the third polarization element 223. For example, the third quarter wave plate 224 may be attached to the second light sensor 24 together with the third polarization element 223. The third quarter wave plate 224 may also be used to change the type of polarization of the light and change the angle of polarization of the light.
In some embodiments, the polarization axis of the second polarization element 221 is perpendicular to the polarization axis of the first polarization element 213, i.e., the second polarization axis is perpendicular to the first polarization axis. The fast axis of the second quarter waveplate 222 is perpendicular to the fast axis of the first quarter waveplate 214. The polarization axis of the third polarization element 223 is parallel to the polarization axis of the first polarization element 213, i.e., the third polarization axis is parallel to the first polarization axis. The fast axis of the third quarter waveplate 224 is perpendicular to the fast axis of the first quarter waveplate 214.
Wherein, when the ambient light is I1When the light is transmitted to the inside of the electronic device 100 through the display screen 21, the ambient light I1Linearly polarized light is formed when the linearly polarized light passes through the first polarization element 213, and then circularly polarized light is formed when the linearly polarized light passes through the first quarter-wave plate 214, and the circularly polarized light sequentially passes through the light emitting layer 211 and the light shielding layer 212 and is transmitted to the dimming component 22. Subsequently, the circularly polarized light forms linearly polarized light again while passing through the second quarter-wave plate 222, and the formed line is polarizedThe polarization direction of the polarized light is the same as the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light formed when the polarized light passes through the first polarizer 213. Thus, ambient light I1The polarization direction of the linearly polarized light re-formed while transmitting through the second quarter wave plate 222 is perpendicular to the polarization axis of the second polarization element 221, and cannot continue to transmit through the second polarization element 221. Therefore, the first light sensor 23 still cannot receive the ambient light I1。
Ambient light I1Linearly polarized light is formed when the linearly polarized light passes through the first polarization element 213, and then circularly polarized light is formed when the linearly polarized light passes through the first quarter-wave plate 214, and the circularly polarized light sequentially passes through the light emitting layer 211 and the light shielding layer 212 and is transmitted to the dimming component 22. Subsequently, the circularly polarized light forms linearly polarized light again when passing through the third quarter-wave plate 224, and the polarization direction of the formed linearly polarized light is the same as the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light formed when passing through the first polarizing element 213. Thus, ambient light I1The polarization direction of the linearly polarized light re-formed while transmitting through the third quarter-wave plate 224 is parallel to the polarization axis of the third polarizer 223, and can continue to transmit through the third polarizer 223 and be transmitted to the second light sensor 24. Thus, the second light sensor 24 can receive the ambient light I1。
Light I generated by the light emitting layer 2112After sequentially passing through the second quarter-wave plate 222 and the second polarizer 221, the light is transmitted to the first light sensor 23. Wherein, the light ray I2When the light passes through the second quarter-wave plate 222, a set of light rays of linearly polarized light, circularly polarized light, and elliptically polarized light is formed, and half of the set of light rays can pass through the second polarization element 221 and be received by the first light sensor 23.
Light I generated by the light emitting layer 2112After sequentially passing through the third quarter-wave plate 224 and the third polarization element 223, the light is transmitted to the second light sensor 24. Wherein, the light ray I2Form a linear bias when passing through the third quarter-wave plate 224And a set of polarized, circularly polarized, and elliptically polarized light rays, half of which can pass through the third polarizing element 223 and be received by the second light sensor 24.
Therefore, the second light sensor 24 receives the light I2And the light I received by the first light sensor 232Are the same.
Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, that is, when the dimming component 22 includes the second polarization element 221, the second quarter wave plate 222, the third polarization element 223 and the third quarter wave plate 224, the processor 30 can calculate the ambient light intensity according to the following formula:
P＝X2-X1
wherein P is the ambient light intensity, X1Is the first light intensity, X2Is the second light intensity.
Further, the processor 30 may calculate the ambient light chromaticity according to the following formula:
Q＝Y2-Y1
wherein Q is the chromaticity of ambient light, Y1Is the first light chromaticity, Y, detected by the first light sensor 232Is the second chromaticity of light detected by the second light sensor 24.
In some embodiments, the polarization axis of the second polarization element 221 is parallel to the polarization axis of the first polarization element 213, i.e., the second polarization axis is parallel to the first polarization axis. The fast axis of the second quarter-wave plate 222 is parallel to the fast axis of the first quarter-wave plate 214, and the second quarter-wave plate 222 changes the polarization direction of the transmitted light by 90 degrees. The polarization axis of the third polarization element 223 is perpendicular to the polarization axis of the first polarization element 213, i.e., the third polarization axis is perpendicular to the first polarization axis. The fast axis of the third quarter waveplate 224 is parallel to the fast axis of the first quarter waveplate 214, and the third quarter waveplate 224 changes the polarization direction of the transmitted light by 90 degrees.
Wherein, when the ambient light is I1Through the use ofWhen the display screen 21 is transmitted to the inside of the electronic device 100, the ambient light I1Linearly polarized light is formed when the linearly polarized light passes through the first polarization element 213, and then circularly polarized light is formed when the linearly polarized light passes through the first quarter-wave plate 214, and the circularly polarized light sequentially passes through the light emitting layer 211 and the light shielding layer 212 and is transmitted to the dimming component 22. Subsequently, the circularly polarized light forms linearly polarized light again while passing through the second quarter wave plate 222. Since the second quarter-wave plate 222 changes the polarization direction of the transmitted light by 90 degrees, the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light formed again when the light is transmitted through the second quarter-wave plate 222 is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light formed when the light is transmitted through the first polarization element 213. And the polarization axis of the second polarizer 221 is parallel to the polarization axis of the first polarizer 213, so that the ambient light I1The polarization direction of the linearly polarized light re-formed while transmitting through the second quarter-wave plate 222 is still perpendicular to the polarization axis of the second polarization element 221, and cannot continue to transmit through the second polarization element 221. Therefore, the first light sensor 23 still cannot receive the ambient light I1。
Ambient light I1Linearly polarized light is formed when the linearly polarized light passes through the first polarization element 213, and then circularly polarized light is formed when the linearly polarized light passes through the first quarter-wave plate 214, and the circularly polarized light sequentially passes through the light emitting layer 211 and the light shielding layer 212 and is transmitted to the dimming component 22. Subsequently, the circularly polarized light forms linearly polarized light again while passing through the third quarter-wave plate 224. Since the third quarter-wave plate 224 changes the polarization direction of the transmitted light by 90 degrees, the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light formed again when transmitting the third quarter-wave plate 224 is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light formed when transmitting the first polarization element 213. And the polarization axis of the third polarization element 223 is perpendicular to the polarization axis of the first polarization element 213, so that the ambient light I1The polarization direction of the linearly polarized light re-formed while passing through the third quarter-wave plate 224 is parallel to the polarization axis of the third polarizer 223, and the linearly polarized light can continue to pass through the third polarizer 223 and can continue to pass through the third polarizer 223To the second light sensor 24. Thus, the second light sensor 24 can receive the ambient light I1。
Light I generated by the light emitting layer 2112After sequentially passing through the second quarter-wave plate 222 and the second polarizer 221, the light is transmitted to the first light sensor 23. Wherein, the light ray I2When the light passes through the second quarter-wave plate 222, a set of light rays of linearly polarized light, circularly polarized light, and elliptically polarized light is formed, and half of the set of light rays can pass through the second polarization element 221 and be received by the first light sensor 23.
Light I generated by the light emitting layer 2112After sequentially passing through the third quarter-wave plate 224 and the third polarization element 223, the light is transmitted to the second light sensor 24. Wherein, the light ray I2When passing through the third quarter-wave plate 224, a set of linearly polarized light, circularly polarized light, and elliptically polarized light is formed, and half of the set of light can pass through the third polarization element 223 and be received by the second light sensor 24.
Therefore, the second light sensor 24 receives the light I2And the light I received by the first light sensor 232Are the same.
Thus, in the embodiment of the present application, the processor 30 may still calculate the ambient light intensity according to the following formula:
P＝X2-X1
wherein P is the ambient light intensity, X1Is the first light intensity, X2Is the second light intensity.
Furthermore, the processor 30 may still calculate the ambient light chromaticity according to the following formula:
Q＝Y2-Y1
wherein Q is the chromaticity of ambient light, Y1Is the first light chromaticity, Y, detected by the first light sensor 232Is the second chromaticity of light detected by the second light sensor 24.
The method for manufacturing a metal wire grid polarizer, the display device and the electronic device provided by the embodiment of the application are described in detail above. The principles and implementations of the present application are described herein using specific examples, which are presented only to aid in understanding the present application. Meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.
Claims (17)
1. A method for preparing a metal wire grid polarizer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
providing a carrier;
forming a metal layer on the carrier;
forming a plurality of metal wire grids on the metal layer through an etching process to form a metal wire grid layer;
and forming a protective layer on the surface of the metal wire grid layer, wherein the protective layer is used for isolating air.
2. The method of manufacturing a metal wire grid polarizer as recited in claim 1, wherein the material of the protective layer comprises silicon oxide or silicon nitride.
3. The method of manufacturing a metal wire grid polarizer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the forming a metal layer on the carrier includes:
a metal layer is formed on the carrier by physical vapor deposition.
4. The method of manufacturing a metal wire grid polarizer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the forming a plurality of metal wire grids on the metal layer by an etching process comprises:
coating photoresist on the surface of the metal layer to form a photoresist layer;
processing the photoresist layer through a nanoimprint technology to form a photoresist grating;
and etching the metal layer by using the photoresist grating as a mask through an etching process to form a plurality of metal wire grids.
5. The method of manufacturing a metal wire grid polarizer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the carrier comprises:
a glass substrate;
an organic polymer layer disposed on the glass substrate;
the metal layer is formed on the organic polymer layer.
6. The method for preparing a polarizer of metal wire grid according to claim 5, further comprising, after forming a protective layer on the surface of the metal wire grid layer:
and peeling the glass substrate from the organic polymer layer.
7. The method of manufacturing a polarizer of metal wire grid according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the material of the metal layer comprises one of aluminum, silver, and copper.
8. A wire grid polarizer, wherein the wire grid polarizer is manufactured by the method of manufacturing a wire grid polarizer according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. A display device, comprising:
a display screen comprising a first polarizing element;
a dimming assembly disposed at one side of the display screen, the dimming assembly including a second polarizing element prepared by the method of preparing a metal wire grid polarizer according to any one of claims 1 to 7;
the first light sensor is arranged on one side, away from the display screen, of the dimming assembly, and the first light sensor and the second polarizing element are arranged in a right-to-right mode;
the second light sensor is arranged on one side, away from the display screen, of the dimming assembly; wherein
The light adjusting assembly is used for filtering the ambient light penetrating through the display screen and the light emitted by the display screen, so that the first light sensor receives the light emitted by the display screen, and the second light sensor receives the light emitted by the display screen and the ambient light penetrating through the display screen.
10. The display device according to claim 9, wherein:
the display screen further comprises a first quarter-wave plate, and the first quarter-wave plate is arranged on one side, facing the dimming component, of the first polarization element;
the dimming assembly further comprises a second quarter wave plate, the second quarter wave plate is arranged on one side, facing the display screen, of the second polarization element, and the second quarter wave plate and the second polarization element are arranged in a right-to-right mode.
11. The display device according to claim 10, wherein:
the polarization axis of the second polarization element is perpendicular to the polarization axis of the first polarization element, and the fast axis of the second quarter-wave plate is perpendicular to the fast axis of the first quarter-wave plate.
12. The display device of claim 10, wherein the dimming component further comprises:
a third polarizing element disposed opposite to the second light sensor, the third polarizing element being manufactured by the method of manufacturing a metal wire grid polarizer according to any one of claims 1 to 7;
the third quarter wave plate is arranged on one side, facing the display screen, of the third polarization element, and the third quarter wave plate and the third polarization element are arranged in a right-to-right mode.
13. The display device according to claim 12, wherein:
the polarizing axis of the second polarizing element is vertical to the polarizing axis of the first polarizing element, and the fast axis of the second quarter-wave plate is vertical to the fast axis of the first quarter-wave plate;
the polarization axis of the third polarization element is parallel to the polarization axis of the first polarization element, and the fast axis of the third quarter-wave plate is perpendicular to the fast axis of the first quarter-wave plate.
14. The display device according to claim 12, wherein:
the polarization axis of the second polarization element is parallel to the polarization axis of the first polarization element, the fast axis of the second quarter-wave plate is parallel to the fast axis of the first quarter-wave plate, and the polarization direction of the transmitted light is changed by 90 degrees by the second quarter-wave plate;
the polarization axis of the third polarization element is perpendicular to the polarization axis of the first polarization element, the fast axis of the third quarter-wave plate is parallel to the fast axis of the first quarter-wave plate, and the third quarter-wave plate changes the polarization direction of the transmitted light by 90 degrees.
15. An electronic device, comprising:
a display device comprising the display device of any one of claims 9 to 14;
a processor electrically connected to the first light sensor and the second light sensor, the processor configured to:
and calculating the ambient light intensity according to the first light intensity detected by the first light sensor and the second light intensity detected by the second light sensor.
16. The electronic device of claim 15, wherein:
when the dimming component comprises a third polarizing element and a third quarter wave plate, the processor calculates the ambient light intensity according to the following formula:
P＝X2-X1
when the dimming component does not include a third polarizing element and a third quarter wave plate, the processor calculates the ambient light intensity according to the following equation:
P＝X2-2X1
wherein P is the ambient light intensity, X1Is the first light intensity, X2Is the second light intensity.
17. The electronic device of claim 15, wherein the processor is further configured to:
and calculating the ambient light chromaticity according to the first light chromaticity detected by the first light sensor and the second light chromaticity detected by the second light sensor.
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