CN112067909A - An electric field sensor with a differential dual-probe structure and a method and system for measuring the combined electric field - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric field sensor with a differential double-probe structure, and a method and system for measuring a combined electric field, comprising: driving a first probe of the sensor by a first motor to rotate in the electric field; driving a second probe of the sensor by a second motor to rotate in the electric field; rotating in the electric field; the first probe and the second probe rotate at the same speed; the first and second induction currents are generated on the surfaces of the first probe and the second probe respectively; the first probe and the second probe are hollow cylinders with the same radius , the first probe and the second probe are made of the same metal material, the lengths of the first probe and the second probe are different, and neither the first probe nor the second probe is grounded; the first induced current is processed by the first signal processing circuit, and converted into is the first DC voltage signal; the second induced current is processed by the second signal processing circuit and converted into a second DC voltage signal; the measured value of the electric field is obtained by differential calculation based on the first DC voltage signal and the second DC voltage signal .

Description

An electric field sensor with a differential dual probe structure and a method for measuring the combined electric field and system

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of electric field measurement, and more particularly, to an electric field sensor with a differential dual-probe structure and a method and system for measuring the combined electric field thereof.

Background technique

With the rapid development of the economy, the electricity consumption of each region has also increased rapidly. In addition, due to the geographical distribution of each region, the resource allocation in each region has also shown an extremely uneven problem. Energy and load are inversely related. Distribution, the supply and demand of existing energy resources are far away, and a large-scale optimal allocation of energy must be implemented. Therefore, high-voltage transmission line projects with capacity, long distance and low loss are established. Therefore, UHV transmission line projects have developed rapidly in recent years. With the continuous improvement of the transmission voltage level, the intensity of the electromagnetic field around the transmission line and equipment will inevitably increase.

First, when the transmission line produces corona discharge, the electric field intensity in the environment will be greatly increased, which will lead to adverse biological effects and environmental problems; secondly, with the gradual opening of low-altitude airspace, low-altitude airspace aircraft will collide with high-voltage transmission lines. There are more and more low-altitude flight safety accidents caused by cables, which seriously threatens the safety of low-altitude airspace navigation. Finally, when measuring the electric field of thunderstorms, the existing electric field sensors are grounded and have many limitations, which makes them unsuitable for airspace measurement. .

At the same time, the development of low-altitude field and aircraft technology is expected to realize the high-autonomous automatic inspection technology of aircraft based on the electric field characteristics of transmission line airspace, which will greatly improve the intelligence and automation level of transmission line operation and maintenance, greatly improving the Improve the efficiency of line operation and maintenance.

Therefore, a sensor is needed to achieve accurate measurement of the electric field in space.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical scheme of the present invention provides an electric field sensor with a differential dual-probe structure and a method and system for measuring the combined electric field, so as to solve the problem of how to accurately measure the electric field in the airspace.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an electric field sensor with a differential dual-probe structure and a method for measuring the resultant electric field, the method comprising:

A first induced current and a second induced current are respectively generated on the surfaces of the first probe of the first motor-driven sensor and the second probe of the second motor-driven sensor; wherein the first probe and the second probe are of the same radius a hollow cylinder, the first probe and the second probe are made of the same metal material, the lengths of the first probe and the second probe are different, and neither the first probe nor the second probe is grounded;

Converting the first induced current into a first DC voltage signal; converting the second induced current into a second DC voltage signal;

Based on the first DC voltage signal and the second DC voltage signal, a measurement value of the resultant electric field is obtained by differential calculation.

Preferably, before respectively generating the first induced current and the second induced current on the surfaces of the first probe of the first motor-driven sensor and the second probe of the second motor-driven sensor, the method further comprises:

The first probe of the sensor is driven to rotate in the electric field by the first motor; the second probe of the sensor is driven to rotate in the electric field by the second motor; the first probe and the second probe start to rotate at the same time and have the same rotation speed.

Preferably, the first probe of the sensor is driven to rotate in the electric field by the first motor; the second probe of the sensor is driven to rotate in the electric field by the second motor, including:

The current pulse signal is output to the motor control circuit through the photoelectric switch, the received current pulse signal is converted into a control signal by the motor control circuit, and the first motor and the second motor are controlled based on the control signal ;

A first photoelectric code disc is set on the motor shaft of the first motor of the sensor, and a second photoelectric code disc is set on the motor shaft of the second motor of the sensor; the first photoelectric code disc is driven by the first motor Periodically block the photoelectric switch tube when rotating in the electric field;

The second photoelectric code disc periodically shields the photoelectric switch tube when it rotates in the electric field driven by the second motor.

Preferably, converting the first induced current into a first DC voltage signal, and converting the second induced current into a second DC voltage signal, includes:

The first induced current is processed by the first signal processing circuit, and the first induced current is converted into a first DC voltage signal; the second induced current is processed by the second signal processing circuit, and the second induced current is processed by the second signal processing circuit. Converted into a second DC voltage signal;

Wherein, the first signal processing circuit and the second signal processing circuit both include a first-stage amplifying module, a second-stage amplifying module and a filtering and rectifying module;

The first-stage amplifying module is an I-V conversion circuit, which realizes the conversion of the current signal to the voltage signal;

The second-stage amplifying module processes the voltage signal through differential amplification, reduces noise and improves the signal-to-noise ratio, and outputs the processed voltage signal to the filtering and rectifying module;

The filtering and rectifying module outputs the processed voltage signal to the data acquisition module.

Preferably, obtaining the measured value of the composite electric field by differential calculation based on the first DC voltage signal and the second DC voltage signal includes:

The formula for calculating the total electric field measured by the first probe is as follows:

E ₀₁ =E ₁ +E _2a

E ₀₁ is the total electric field measured by the first probe, E ₁ is the composite electric field measured by the first probe, and E _2a is the additional electric field measured by the first probe;

The formula for calculating the total electric field measured by the second probe is as follows:

E ₀₂ =E ₁ +E _2b

E ₀₂ is the total electric field measured by the second probe, E ₁ is the composite electric field measured by the second probe, and E _2b is the additional electric field measured by the second probe;

The relationship between the additional electric field E _2a measured by the first probe and the additional electric field E _2b measured by the second probe is determined as follows:

Among them, α is the relationship between the additional electric field of the first probe and the second probe.

Based on another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides an electric field sensor with a differential dual-probe structure and a measurement system for its combined electric field, the system comprising: a first probe, a second probe, a first motor, a second motor, a first a signal processing circuit, a second signal processing circuit;

A first induced current and a second induced current are respectively generated on the surfaces of the first probe of the first motor-driven sensor and the second probe of the second motor-driven sensor; wherein the first probe and the second probe are hollow cylinders with the same radius, the first probe and the second probe are made of the same metal material, the lengths of the first probe and the second probe are different, the first probe and the second probe are not grounded;

Converting the first induced current into a first DC voltage signal; converting the second induced current into a second DC voltage signal; obtaining by differential calculation based on the first DC voltage signal and the second DC voltage signal Measurement of the electric field.

Preferably, the system further comprises: a first motor and a second motor;

The first probe of the sensor is driven to rotate in the electric field by the first motor; the second probe of the sensor is driven to rotate in the electric field by the second motor; the first probe and the second probe start to rotate at the same time and have the same rotation speed.

Preferably, the system comprises: a photoelectric switch tube, a motor control circuit, a first photoelectric code disc and a second photoelectric code disc; the first probe of the sensor driven by the first motor rotates in the electric field; the second motor drives the first probe in the electric field; The second probe, which drives the sensor, before being rotated in the electric field, includes:

The current pulse signal is output to the motor control circuit through the photoelectric switch, the received current pulse signal is converted into a control signal by the motor control circuit, and the first motor and the second motor are controlled based on the control signal ;

A first photoelectric code disc is set on the motor shaft of the first motor of the sensor, and a second photoelectric code disc is set on the motor shaft of the second motor of the sensor; the first photoelectric code disc is driven by the first motor Periodically block the photoelectric switch tube when rotating in the electric field;

The second photoelectric code disc periodically shields the photoelectric switch tube when it rotates in the electric field driven by the second motor.

Preferably, both the first signal processing circuit and the second signal processing circuit include a first-stage amplifying module, a second-stage amplifying module and a filtering and rectifying module;

Converting the first induced current into a first DC voltage signal, and converting the second induced current into a second DC voltage signal, includes:

The first induced current is processed by the first signal processing circuit, and the first induced current is converted into a first DC voltage signal; the second induced current is processed by the second signal processing circuit, and the second induced current is processed by the second signal processing circuit. Converted into a second DC voltage signal;

Wherein, the first-stage amplifying module is an I-V conversion circuit, which realizes the conversion of the current signal to the voltage signal;

The second-stage amplifying module processes the voltage signal through differential amplification, reduces noise and improves the signal-to-noise ratio, and outputs the processed voltage signal to the filtering and rectifying module;

The filtering and rectifying module outputs the processed voltage signal to the data acquisition module.

Preferably, obtaining the measured value of the composite electric field by differential calculation based on the first DC voltage signal and the second DC voltage signal includes:

The formula for calculating the total electric field measured by the first probe is as follows:

E ₀₁ =E ₁ +E _2a

E ₀₁ is the total electric field measured by the first probe, E ₁ is the composite electric field measured by the first probe, and E _2a is the additional electric field measured by the first probe;

The formula for calculating the total electric field measured by the second probe is as follows:

E ₀₂ =E ₁ +E _2b

E ₀₂ is the total electric field measured by the second probe, E ₁ is the composite electric field measured by the second probe, and E _2b is the additional electric field measured by the second probe;

The relationship between the additional electric field E _2a measured by the first probe and the additional electric field E _2b measured by the second probe is determined as follows:

Among them, α is the relationship between the additional electric field of the first probe and the second probe.

The technical scheme of the present invention provides an electric field sensor with a differential dual-probe structure and a method and system for measuring a combined electric field, wherein the method includes: driving a first probe of the sensor to rotate in the electric field by a first motor; driving a sensor of the sensor by a second motor The second probe rotates in the electric field; the first and second induced currents are respectively generated on the surfaces of the first and second probes; the first and second probes are hollow cylinders with the same radius, and the first and second probes are hollow cylinders with the same radius. The second probe is made of the same metal material, the lengths of the first probe and the second probe are different, and neither the first probe nor the second probe is grounded; the first induced current is processed by the first signal processing circuit and converted into a first direct current voltage signal; the second induced current is processed by the second signal processing circuit and converted into a second DC voltage signal; the measured value of the electric field is obtained by differential calculation based on the first DC voltage signal and the second DC voltage signal . The technical solution of the invention solves the problem that the existing electric field sensor cannot measure the electric field in the ion flow field. The technical solution of the invention designs a double-probe electric field sensor based on the cylindrical electric field sensor, and proposes a measurement A method for synthesizing electric fields in the airspace in a flow electric field. The technical scheme of the invention solves the problem of inaccurate measurement caused by the accumulation of charges in the traditional electric field sensor probe in the ion flow field, eliminates the influence of the accumulated space charge by using the differential processing of the double probes, and realizes the composite electric field in the space domain in the ion flow field. Measurement.

Description of drawings

Exemplary embodiments of the present invention may be more fully understood by reference to the following drawings:

1 is a flow chart of a method for measuring an electric field sensor with a differential dual-probe structure and a combined electric field thereof according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic diagram of an induced electric field of a dual probe according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a mechanical structure diagram of a dual-probe electric field sensor according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a structural diagram of an electric field sensor with a differential dual-probe structure and a measurement system for the combined electric field thereof according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; and

FIG. 5 is a measurement principle diagram of a dual-probe electric field sensor according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein, which are provided for the purpose of this thorough and complete disclosure invention, and fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. The terms used in the exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings are not intended to limit the invention. In the drawings, the same elements/elements are given the same reference numerals.

Unless otherwise defined, terms (including scientific and technical terms) used herein have the commonly understood meanings to those skilled in the art. In addition, it is to be understood that terms defined in commonly used dictionaries should be construed as having meanings consistent with the context in the related art, and should not be construed as idealized or overly formal meanings.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an electric field sensor with a differential dual-probe structure and a method for measuring the combined electric field thereof according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The electromagnetic environment parameters of UHVDC transmission line operation mainly include synthetic electric field, ion current density, magnetic field, audible noise and radio interference. When the UHV DC transmission line is running, the ions (or charges) generated by the corona of the wires will diffuse into the space, and these diffused charges will accumulate on the surface of the electric field sensor, which will generate an additional electric field around the sensor, which will cause the sensor to become unstable. The inaccuracy of the measurement results results in the inability of traditional electric field sensors to measure the electric field in the airspace. Aiming at the problem that the existing electric field sensor cannot measure the electric field in the ion flow field, the present invention designs a double-probe electric field sensor based on the cylindrical electric field sensor, and proposes a method for measuring the composite electric field in the empty space in the ion flow electric field The invention solves the problem of inaccurate measurement caused by charge accumulation in the traditional electric field sensor probe in the ion flow field, eliminates the influence of the accumulated space charge by using the double-probe differential processing, and realizes the synthesis of the electric field in the space domain in the ion flow field. Measurement.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the present invention provides an electric field sensor with a differential dual-probe structure and a method for measuring the resultant electric field. The method includes:

Preferably, the first probe of the sensor is driven to rotate in the electric field by the first motor; the second probe of the sensor is driven to rotate in the electric field by the second motor; the first probe and the second probe start to rotate at the same time, and the rotation speed same.

Preferably, in step 101: respectively generate a first induced current and a second induced current on the surfaces of the first probe of the first motor-driven sensor and the second probe of the second motor-driven sensor; the first probe and the second probe are radii For the same hollow cylinder, the first probe and the second probe are made of the same metal material, the lengths of the first probe and the second probe are different, and neither the first probe nor the second probe is grounded.

Preferably, in step 102: the first induced current is converted into a first DC voltage signal; the second induced current is converted into a second DC voltage signal.

Preferably, in step 103 : based on the first DC voltage signal and the second DC voltage signal, the measured value of the combined electric field is obtained by differential calculation.

Preferably, the first induced current is processed by the first signal processing circuit and converted into a first DC voltage signal; the second induced current is processed by the second signal processing circuit and converted into a second DC voltage signal; based on the first The DC voltage signal and the second DC voltage signal use differential calculation to obtain the measurement value of the electric field.

Preferably, both the first signal processing circuit and the second signal processing circuit include a first-stage amplifying module, a second-stage amplifying module and a filter rectification module; the first-stage amplifying module is an I-V conversion circuit, which converts the current signal into the voltage signal; two The stage amplifier module processes the voltage signal through differential amplification, reduces noise and improves the signal-to-noise ratio, and outputs the processed voltage signal to the filtering and rectifying module; the filtering and rectifying module outputs the processed voltage signal to the data acquisition module.

Preferably, the first probe and the second probe are made of stainless steel with a thickness of 3 mm, the length of the first probe is 5CM, and the length of the second probe is 8CM.

Preferably, the first photoelectric code disc periodically shields the photoelectric switch tube when it rotates in the electric field under the driving of the first motor; the second photoelectric code disc periodically shields the photoelectric switch tube when it rotates in the electric field under the driving of the second motor .

Preferably, based on the first DC voltage signal and the second DC voltage signal, the measurement value of the composite electric field is obtained by differential calculation, including:

The formula for calculating the total electric field measured by the first probe is as follows:

E ₀₁ =E ₁ +E _2a

_E01 is the total electric field measured by the first probe, E1 is the composite electric field measured by the first probe, and _E2a is the additional electric field measured by the first probe;

The formula for calculating the total electric field measured by the second probe is as follows:

E ₀₂ =E ₁ +E _2b

_E02 is the total electric field measured by the second probe, E1 is the composite electric field measured by the second probe, and _E2b is the additional electric field measured by the second probe;

The relationship between the additional electric field E _2a measured by the first probe and the additional electric field E _2b measured by the second probe is determined as follows:

Among them, α is the relationship between the additional electric field of the first probe and the second probe.

The dual-probe structure of a differential electric field sensor proposed by the invention mainly includes a dual-probe structure, a micro motor, a photoelectric encoder, a battery pack, a signal processing circuit and a motor speed control circuit. The design of the dual-probe structure of this differential electric field sensor is based on Gauss's theorem. When the dual-probe structure is placed in the electric field, the probe rotates in the electric field driven by the micro-motor, and the dual-probe exposed to the electric field is in the electric field. The area of the probe changes, and then the surface of the dual probes will generate an induced charge. When the two parts of the probe are connected, an induced current will be generated on the connection line. The induced current generated by the two probes can be measured by differential calculation. electric field value. as shown in picture 2. In Fig. 2, 1 is a hollow semi-cylindrical body of the probe, 2 is another hollow semi-cylindrical body of the probe, 3 is an amplifier, and 4 is a micro motor.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the dual probes of the differential electric field sensor of the present invention are cylindrical probes, and the cylindrical body is a hollow cylindrical thin shell. The material and radius of the two probes of the present invention are the same, but the lengths of the probes are different. The material of the dual probe is preferably a thin-walled (3 mm thick) stainless steel tube. The length of the first probe may be 5 cm, and the length of the second probe may be 8 cm. The first probe and the second probe are driven by the same micro-motor to rotate at the same speed. Both probes are powered by the same battery pack. Both probes of the sensor are not grounded. In Figure 3, 5 is the No. 1 probe, 6 is the fixed part of the sensor, 7 is the No. 2 probe, 8 is the photoelectric code disc, 9 is the photoelectric switch tube, 10 is the motor shaft, 11 is the signal processing module, 12 is the micro motor, 13 is a motor speed control module, and 14 is a power supply battery pack.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the micro-motor of the double-probe structure of the differential electric field sensor of the present invention is fixed on the fixed part of the sensor. A motor shaft is fixed on the micro motor, and two sensor probes are respectively fixed on the two motor shafts. The rotational speed of the micromotor of the present invention may be 500 rpm. The photoelectric code disc is fixed on the motor shaft of the micro motor. The invention drives the double probes of the sensor to rotate in the electric field at the same rotation speed through the micro motor. The photoelectric code disc of the double-probe structure of the differential electric field sensor of the present invention is fixed on the motor shaft of the sensor. The photoelectric code disc periodically blocks the photoelectric switch tube when it rotates in the electric field driven by the motor. The photoelectric switch tube is fixed on the fixed part of the sensor and does not rotate with the motor. The battery pack of the double-probe structure of the differential electric field sensor of the present invention is a large-capacity battery pack for power supply, and the battery pack is fixed on the fixed part of the electric field sensor. The sensor of the present invention is powered by a battery mainly for the purpose of the sensor being able to measure the electric field in the airspace and to avoid the influence of the wiring power supply on the height of the measurement space. The use of battery power supply for the sensor can well avoid introducing the electric field formed by the ground wire when the sensor is placed in the electric field, resulting in the change of the original electric field and affecting the accuracy of the measurement results.

The signal processing circuit of the double-probe structure of the differential electric field sensor of the present invention mainly includes a first-stage amplifying module, a second-stage amplifying module and a filtering and rectifying module. The first-stage amplifying module is the I-V conversion circuit, which realizes the conversion of the current signal to the voltage signal. The second-stage amplification module adopts differential amplification to reduce noise and improve signal-to-noise ratio. The filtering and rectifying module transmits the processed voltage signal to the data acquisition module.

The motor speed control module of the double-probe structure of the differential electric field sensor of the present invention processes the current pulse output by the photoelectric switch tube. The current pulse signal is converted and shaped to obtain the feedback value, and the control signal PWM is obtained in the processing of the motor speed control module, so as to control the speed of the motor to be stable.

The steps of the invention based on the designed sensor to measure the space electric field in the presence of the ion flow field are as follows:

The electric field sensor of the present invention is placed under an ultra-high voltage transmission line or in a thunderstorm area, and the entire electric field sensor is in an ungrounded state. Under the power supply of the battery pack, the micromotor drives the dual probes to rotate at a constant speed in the electric field, resulting in the exposure of the dual probes. The area in the electric field changes, and two induced currents are generated on the surface of the sensor. Pass the obtained induced current through the signal processing module to obtain two direct current voltage signals. The invention controls the motor speed by outputting the pulses from the photoelectric switch tube through the motor speed control module to output PWM. The present invention indirectly measures the electric field value through differential processing of the two DC voltage signals obtained. As shown in Figure 5. In Fig. 5, 5 is the No. 1 probe, 6 is the sensor fixing part, and 7 is the No. 2 probe.

FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of an electric field sensor with a differential dual-probe structure and a measurement system for the combined electric field thereof according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4 , the present invention provides an electric field sensor with a differential dual-probe structure and a measurement system for its combined electric field. The system includes: a first probe (probe 1), a second probe (probe 2), a first motor, a first Two motors, a first signal processing circuit, a second signal processing circuit. The present invention generates a micro-motor for illustration.

The first probe of the sensor, such as a micromotor, is driven to rotate in an electric field by a first motor; the second probe of the sensor is driven to rotate in an electric field by a second motor, such as a micromotor; the first probe and the second probe start to rotate at the same time, and The speed is the same.

A first induced current and a second induced current are respectively generated on the surfaces of the first probe of the first motor-driven sensor and the second probe of the second motor-driven sensor; wherein the first probe and the second probe are hollow cylinders with the same radius, The first probe and the second probe are made of the same metal material, the lengths of the first probe and the second probe are different, and neither the first probe nor the second probe is grounded.

The first induced current is converted into a first DC voltage signal; the second induced current is converted into a second DC voltage signal. In the present invention, the first induced current is processed by the first signal processing circuit and converted into a first direct current voltage signal; the second induced current is processed by the second signal processing circuit and converted into a second direct current voltage signal; based on the first direct current The voltage signal and the second DC voltage signal are used to obtain a measurement value of the electric field by differential calculation.

Preferably, the system includes: a photoelectric switch tube, a motor control circuit, a first photoelectric code disc and a second photoelectric code disc; the current pulse signal is output to the motor control circuit through the photoelectric switch tube, and the received current pulse signal is sent by the motor control circuit. It is converted into a control signal, and the first motor and the second motor are controlled based on the control signal; a first photoelectric code disc is set on the motor shaft of the first motor of the sensor, and a second photoelectric code disc is set on the motor shaft of the second motor of the sensor.

Preferably, both the first signal processing circuit and the second signal processing circuit include a first-stage amplifying module, a second-stage amplifying module and a filter rectification module; the first-stage amplifying module is an I-V conversion circuit, which converts the current signal into the voltage signal; two The stage amplifier module processes the voltage signal through differential amplification, reduces noise and improves the signal-to-noise ratio, and outputs the processed voltage signal to the filtering and rectifying module; the filtering and rectifying module outputs the processed voltage signal to the data acquisition module.

Preferably, the first probe and the second probe are made of stainless steel with a thickness of 3 mm, the length of the first probe is 5CM, and the length of the second probe is 8CM.

Preferably, the first photoelectric code disc periodically shields the photoelectric switch tube when it rotates in the electric field under the driving of the first motor; the second photoelectric code disc periodically shields the photoelectric switch tube when it rotates in the electric field under the driving of the second motor .

Preferably, based on the first DC voltage signal and the second DC voltage signal, the measurement value of the composite electric field is obtained by differential calculation, including:

The formula for calculating the total electric field measured by the first probe is as follows:

E ₀₁ =E ₁ +E _2a

E ₀₁ is the total electric field measured by the first probe, E ₁ is the composite electric field measured by the first probe, and E _2a is the additional electric field measured by the first probe;

The formula for calculating the total electric field measured by the second probe is as follows:

E ₀₂ =E ₁ +E _2b

E ₀₂ is the total electric field measured by the second probe, E ₁ is the composite electric field measured by the second probe, and E _2b is the additional electric field measured by the second probe;

The relationship between the additional electric field E _2a measured by the first probe and the additional electric field E _2b measured by the second probe is determined as follows:

Among them, α is the relationship between the additional electric field of the first probe and the second probe.

The present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figure 2, this is a schematic diagram of the probe-induced electric field of an electric field sensor with a differential dual-probe structure, including a hollow semi-cylindrical body 1, a hollow semi-cylindrical body 2, an amplifier 3 and a micro-motor 4 of the probe.

The hollow semi-cylinder 1 and the hollow semi-cylinder 2 of the two probes are exactly the same in size, length, thickness and material.

The hollow semi-cylindrical body 1 and the hollow semi-cylindrical body 2 of the two probes are fixed at the same position of the motor shaft, and rotate with the motor at a constant speed in the electric field.

The surface of the hollow semi-cylinder 1 and the hollow semi-cylinder 2 of the two probes will generate induced charges, and a wire is used to connect the two, and an induced current will be generated on the wire.

The material of the hollow semi-cylindrical body 1 and the hollow semi-cylindrical body 2 of the probe is preferably a thin-walled (for example, can be 3 mm thick) stainless steel tube.

As shown in FIG. 3 , it is a mechanical structure diagram of an electric field sensor with a differential dual-probe structure provided by the present invention, including a No. 1 probe 5 , a sensor fixing part 6 , a No. 2 probe 7 , a photoelectric code disc 8 , and a photoelectric switch tube. 9. Motor shaft 10 , signal processing module 11 , micro motor 12 , motor speed control module 13 and power supply battery pack 14 .

No. 1 first probe 5 is fixed on the motor shaft, and its length is 5cm.

The fixed part of the sensor does not rotate, and the signal processing module 11 , the micro motor 12 , the motor speed control module 13 and the power supply battery pack 14 are fixed inside.

The No. 2 second probe 7 is fixed to the same motor shaft as the No. 1 first probe 5, and its length is 8 cm.

Driven by the micro-motor 12, the photoelectric code disc 8 periodically blocks the photoelectric switch tube 9, and the photoelectric switch tube 9 will generate a current pulse.

The motor shaft 10 is fixed on the motor, and the No. 1 first probe 5, the No. 2 second probe 7 and the photoelectric code disc 8 are connected to it.

The signal processing module 11 obtains a DC voltage signal by passing the induced current signals generated by the first probe 5 of No.

The motor speed control module 13 processes the current pulse of the photoelectric switch to control the motor.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the present invention provides a signal differential block diagram of an electric field sensor with a differential dual-probe structure, which mainly includes a dual-probe sensing part, a micro-motor driving part, a photoelectric reference signal part, a first- and second-stage amplification and filter rectification part, Synthetic electric field calculation part.

As shown in FIG. 5 , the present invention provides a measurement principle diagram of an electric field sensor with a differential dual-probe structure, which mainly includes a No. 1 probe 5 , a sensor fixing part 6 and a No. 2 probe 7 . When the dual-probe electric field sensor is placed under the UHV transmission line or in the electric field of the thunderstorm, driven by the motor, the No. 1 first probe 5 and the No. 2 second probe 7 rotate at a constant speed in the electric field, and the two probes The surface will generate induced charges, and the number of induced charges on the surface of the No. 1 first probe 5 is:

The number of induced charges on the surface of the No. 2 second probe 7 is:

Among them, ε ₀ represents the space permittivity, E represents the combined electric field value formed by the nominal electric field and the ion flow field, r represents the radius of the sensor cylinder, L ₁ represents the length of the first probe 5, and L ₂ Represents the length of the second probe 7.

Then the induced current generated by the synthetic electric field is:

where ω represents the motor speed of the sensor.

It can be seen that the magnitude of the synthetic electric field is proportional to the measured current, and since the magnitude of the additional electric field is related to the number of accumulated charges, it is assumed that the electric field induced by the probe is the synthetic electric field and the additional electric field. The length of the second probe 7 is different from that of the second probe 7, which will not affect the value of the measured combined electric field, but the accumulated charge will be different if the length is different, and the additional electric field value measured by the first probe 5 and the second probe 7 will be different.

The relationship between the additional electric field formed by the accumulation of free space charges is related to the length of the dual probes of the sensor.

The calculation formula of the electric field measured by the No. 1 first probe 5 is as follows:

E ₀₁ =E ₁ +E _2a

Among them, E ₀₁ is the total electric field measured by the No. 1 first probe 5 , E ₁ is the composite electric field measured by the No. 1 first probe 5 , E _2a is the additional electric field measured by the No. 1 first probe 5 . The calculation formula of the electric field measured by the No. 2 second probe 7 is as follows:

E ₀₂ =E ₁ +E _2b

Among them, E ₀₂ is the total electric field measured by No. 2 second probe 7 , E ₁ is the composite electric field measured by No. 2 second probe 7 , E _2b is the additional electric field measured by No. 2 second probe 7 . After the lengths of the No. 1 first probe 5 and the No. 2 second probe 7 are determined, the relationship between the additional electric field E _2a measured by the No. 1 first probe 5 and the additional electric field E _2b measured by the No. 2 second probe It can be determined that the relationship is as follows:

where α is the relationship of the additional electric field on the dual probes.

In the laboratory, we obtain the value E ₁ of the synthetic electric field and the total electric field E ₀₁ measured by the No. 1 first probe 5 and the total electric field E ₀₂ measured by the No. 2 second probe 7, then the accumulated charge can be obtained by calibration measurement. The scaling factor of the additional electric field formed is:

The calculation formula of the measured combined electric field is as follows:

The electric field sensor with differential dual-probe structure and the measurement system for the combined electric field thereof according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention correspond to the electric field sensor with differential dual-probe structure and the method for measuring the combined electric field in another preferred embodiment of the present invention, and will not be repeated here. Repeat.

The present invention has been described with reference to a few embodiments. However, as is known to those skilled in the art, other embodiments than the above disclosed invention are equally within the scope of the invention, as defined by the appended patent claims.

Generally, all terms used in the claims are to be interpreted according to their ordinary meaning in the technical field, unless explicitly defined otherwise herein. All references to "a/the/the [means, component, etc.]" are open to interpretation as at least one instance of said means, component, etc., unless expressly stated otherwise. The steps of any method disclosed herein do not have to be performed in the exact order disclosed, unless explicitly stated.

As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, a system, or a computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.

The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present application. It will be understood that each process and/or block in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of processes and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to the processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine such that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device produce Means for implementing the functions specified in a flow or flow of a flowchart and/or a block or blocks of a block diagram.

These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory result in an article of manufacture comprising instruction means, the instructions The apparatus implements the functions specified in the flow or flow of the flowcharts and/or the block or blocks of the block diagrams.

These computer program instructions can also be loaded on a computer or other programmable data processing device to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process such that The instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flow or blocks of the flowcharts and/or the block or blocks of the block diagrams.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: the present invention can still be Modifications or equivalent replacements are made to the specific embodiments of the present invention, and any modifications or equivalent replacements that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An electric field sensor of a differential dual-probe structure and a method for measuring its composite electric field, the method comprising: A first induced current and a second induced current are respectively generated on the surfaces of the first probe of the first motor-driven sensor and the second probe of the second motor-driven sensor; wherein the first probe and the second probe are of the same radius a hollow cylinder, the first probe and the second probe are made of the same metal material, the lengths of the first probe and the second probe are different, and neither the first probe nor the second probe is grounded; Converting the first induced current into a first DC voltage signal; converting the second induced current into a second DC voltage signal; Based on the first DC voltage signal and the second DC voltage signal, a measurement value of the resultant electric field is obtained by differential calculation. 2. The method according to claim 1, before generating the first induced current and the second induced current on the surfaces of the first probe of the first motor-driven sensor and the second probe of the second motor-driven sensor, respectively, further comprising: include: The first probe of the sensor is driven to rotate in the electric field by the first motor; the second probe of the sensor is driven to rotate in the electric field by the second motor; the first probe and the second probe start to rotate at the same time and have the same rotation speed. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the first probe of the sensor is driven to rotate in the electric field by the first motor; the second probe of the sensor is driven to rotate in the electric field by the second motor, comprising: The current pulse signal is output to the motor control circuit through the photoelectric switch, the received current pulse signal is converted into a control signal by the motor control circuit, and the first motor and the second motor are controlled based on the control signal ; A first photoelectric code disc is set on the motor shaft of the first motor of the sensor, and a second photoelectric code disc is set on the motor shaft of the second motor of the sensor; the first photoelectric code disc is driven by the first motor Periodically block the photoelectric switch tube when rotating in the electric field; The second photoelectric code disc periodically shields the photoelectric switch tube when it rotates in the electric field driven by the second motor. 4. The method according to claim 1, converting the first induced current into a first DC voltage signal, and converting the second induced current into a second DC voltage signal, comprising: The first induced current is processed by the first signal processing circuit, and the first induced current is converted into a first DC voltage signal; the second induced current is processed by the second signal processing circuit, and the second induced current is processed by the second signal processing circuit. Converted into a second DC voltage signal; Wherein, the first signal processing circuit and the second signal processing circuit both include a first-stage amplifying module, a second-stage amplifying module and a filtering and rectifying module; The first-stage amplifying module is an I-V conversion circuit, which realizes the conversion of the current signal to the voltage signal; The second-stage amplifying module processes the voltage signal through differential amplification, reduces noise and improves the signal-to-noise ratio, and outputs the processed voltage signal to the filtering and rectifying module; The filtering and rectifying module outputs the processed voltage signal to the data acquisition module. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining a measurement value of a composite electric field by differential calculation based on the first DC voltage signal and the second DC voltage signal comprises: The formula for calculating the total electric field measured by the first probe is as follows: E ₀₁ =E ₁ +E _2a E ₀₁ is the total electric field measured by the first probe, E ₁ is the composite electric field measured by the first probe, and E _2a is the additional electric field measured by the first probe; The formula for calculating the total electric field measured by the second probe is as follows: E ₀₂ =E ₁ +E _2b E ₀₂ is the total electric field measured by the second probe, E ₁ is the composite electric field measured by the second probe, and E _2b is the additional electric field measured by the second probe; The relationship between the additional electric field E _2a measured by the first probe and the additional electric field E _2b measured by the second probe is determined as follows:

Among them, α is the relationship between the additional electric field of the first probe and the second probe. 6. An electric field sensor with a differential dual-probe structure and a measurement system for its combined electric field, the system comprising: a first probe, a second probe, a first motor, a second motor, a first signal processing circuit, and a second signal processing circuit circuit; A first induced current and a second induced current are respectively generated on the surfaces of the first probe of the first motor-driven sensor and the second probe of the second motor-driven sensor; wherein the first probe and the second probe are hollow cylinders with the same radius, the first probe and the second probe are made of the same metal material, the lengths of the first probe and the second probe are different, the first probe and the second probe are not grounded; Converting the first induced current into a first DC voltage signal; converting the second induced current into a second DC voltage signal; obtaining by differential calculation based on the first DC voltage signal and the second DC voltage signal Measurement of the electric field. 7. The system of claim 6, further comprising: a first motor, a second motor; The first probe of the sensor is driven to rotate in the electric field by the first motor; the second probe of the sensor is driven to rotate in the electric field by the second motor; the first probe and the second probe start to rotate at the same time and have the same rotation speed. 8. The system according to claim 7, the system comprises: a photoelectric switch tube, a motor control circuit, a first photoelectric code disc and a second photoelectric code disc; when the first probes of the first motor drive sensors are respectively in the electric field Rotation in the electric field; before the second probe of the sensor is driven by the second motor to rotate in the electric field, including: The current pulse signal is output to the motor control circuit through the photoelectric switch, the received current pulse signal is converted into a control signal by the motor control circuit, and the first motor and the second motor are controlled based on the control signal ; A first photoelectric code disc is set on the motor shaft of the first motor of the sensor, and a second photoelectric code disc is set on the motor shaft of the second motor of the sensor; the first photoelectric code disc is driven by the first motor Periodically block the photoelectric switch tube when rotating in the electric field; The second photoelectric code disc periodically shields the photoelectric switch tube when it rotates in the electric field driven by the second motor. 9. The system according to claim 6, wherein the first signal processing circuit and the second signal processing circuit both comprise a first-stage amplifying module, a second-stage amplifying module and a filtering and rectifying module; Converting the first induced current into a first DC voltage signal, and converting the second induced current into a second DC voltage signal, includes: The first induced current is processed by the first signal processing circuit, and the first induced current is converted into a first DC voltage signal; the second induced current is processed by the second signal processing circuit, and the second induced current is processed by the second signal processing circuit. Converted into a second DC voltage signal; Wherein, the first-stage amplifying module is an I-V conversion circuit, which realizes the conversion of the current signal to the voltage signal; The second-stage amplifying module processes the voltage signal through differential amplification, reduces noise and improves the signal-to-noise ratio, and outputs the processed voltage signal to the filtering and rectifying module; The filtering and rectifying module outputs the processed voltage signal to the data acquisition module. 10 . The system according to claim 6 , wherein the obtaining a measurement value of a composite electric field by differential calculation based on the first DC voltage signal and the second DC voltage signal comprises: 10 . The formula for calculating the total electric field measured by the first probe is as follows: E ₀₁ =E ₁ +E _2a E ₀₁ is the total electric field measured by the first probe, E ₁ is the composite electric field measured by the first probe, and E _2a is the additional electric field measured by the first probe; The formula for calculating the total electric field measured by the second probe is as follows: E ₀₂ =E ₁ +E _2b E ₀₂ is the total electric field measured by the second probe, E ₁ is the composite electric field measured by the second probe, and E _2b is the additional electric field measured by the second probe; The relationship between the additional electric field E _2a measured by the first probe and the additional electric field E _2b measured by the second probe is determined as follows:

Among them, α is the relationship between the additional electric field of the first probe and the second probe.

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