CN112067887A - Method for calculating phase quantity under condition of sampling value loss based on filter orthogonal characteristic - Google Patents
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Abstract
The disclosure provides a phasor calculation method under the condition of loss of sampling values based on filter quadrature characteristics; the first scheme is that the positions of symmetrical points in a filter are searched according to the positions of lost sampling points in a sampling value sequence; setting coefficients of symmetrical points in a pair of orthogonal filters to zero to obtain a modified orthogonal filter; and applying the modified orthogonal filter to the sampling value sequence to obtain an accurate phasor calculation result. In the second scheme, sampling point sequences before and after the lost point are connected end to form a pseudo-continuous sampling value sequence; calculating corresponding orthogonal filter coefficients according to the length of the pseudo-continuous sampling sequence; and applying the orthogonal filter to a pseudo-continuous sampling value sequence to obtain an accurate phasor calculation result. According to the scheme disclosed by the disclosure, under the condition that the sampling value is lost, the orthogonality of the filter is ensured, so that the phasor calculation precision after filtering is improved to the maximum extent.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure belongs to the technical field of power system automation, and particularly relates to a sampling value loss condition quantity calculation method based on filter quadrature characteristics.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
In functions of relay protection, monitoring and the like of the transformer substation, phasors of voltage and current are required to be calculated and analyzed; the voltage and current phasors are generally obtained by adopting a continuous sampling value sequence of voltage and current and calculating through a filter. In an intelligent substation, after sampling values of voltage and current are collected by a Merging Unit (MU), the sampling values are arranged into SAV (SAmpled Value, or SV for short) messages, and the SAV messages are transmitted to intelligent devices (IEDs) such as relay protection and monitoring devices through a communication network.
In the transmission process of the SAV packet, due to the congestion or failure of the communication network, problems such as delay, disorder or even loss of part of the packet may occur. Because the relay protection, monitoring and other functions have high requirements on real-time performance, complex error correction processing is difficult to perform on various transmission errors of the SAV message, and therefore the SAV message is often treated according to data loss. When a large number of SAV messages are continuously lost, the relay protection and monitoring function can only adopt locking measures, so that wrong judgment and action are avoided; however, the communication network is more likely to have a situation that an individual or a part of messages are occasionally lost, and the substation hopes that the relay protection and monitoring functions can achieve the functions as much as possible under the situation, so that the phasor calculation methods in the IEDs are required to have certain capacity of resisting sampling value loss.
The inventor finds that, in order to deal with the loss of the sampling value, the current common method replaces the lost sampling value with a certain estimation value, and the subsequent filtering and phasor calculation methods are not changed. The simplest processing method is to replace a lost sampling value with a 0 value, and although the algorithm of the processing method is simple, the accuracy of a subsequent phasor calculation result is poor, so that the processing method is rarely applied in practice; besides, some researchers have studied various methods such as polynomial approximation, spline interpolation, curve fitting, etc., but these methods are difficult to use in real-time applications due to their complex calculations. In practical application, lagrange polynomial interpolation (referred to as pull interpolation for short) is common, and especially, the primary and secondary pull interpolation is widely applied. The one-time pull type interpolation is a commonly applied linear interpolation, the calculation is simple, but the effect is not good under the condition of continuous multipoint loss; the quadratic pull type interpolation is also called as parabolic interpolation, which is greatly improved compared with the linear interpolation, but the coefficient of the interpolation formula needs to be calculated in real time according to different point loss conditions, and the operation burden of IEDs is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present disclosure provides a phasor calculation method in the case of a missing sampling value based on filter quadrature characteristics; according to the scheme, under the condition that the sampling value is lost, the orthogonality of the filter is guaranteed, so that the phasor calculation precision after filtering is improved to the maximum extent.
According to a first aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a phasor calculation method in case of loss of sampling values based on filter quadrature characteristics, including:
acquiring message data containing voltage and current sampling values;
analyzing the message data, and analyzing the loss condition of the sampling point;
searching the position of a symmetrical point in the filter according to the position of the lost sampling point in the sampling value sequence;
setting coefficients of symmetrical points in a pair of orthogonal filters to zero, and performing normalization processing on the coefficients of the orthogonal filters to obtain modified orthogonal filters;
applying the modified orthogonal filter to the sampling value sequence to obtain an accurate phasor calculation result;
and analyzing the voltage and the current of the transformer substation according to the calculated phasor.
Further, the pair of quadrature filters includes a sine filter and a cosine filter.
Further, the imaginary part X of the fundamental wave phasor is calculated by using the sine filterI：
N is the number of sampling points in each power frequency cycle, x (k), where k is 1.
Further, calculating the real part X of the fundamental phasor by using the cosine filterR：
N is the number of sampling points in each power frequency cycle, x (k), where k is 1.
Further, the sine filter and cosine filter coefficients satisfy the orthogonality condition:
according to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided another phasor calculation method in case of missing sampling values based on filter quadrature characteristics, including:
acquiring message data containing voltage and current sampling values;
analyzing the message data, and analyzing the loss condition of the sampling point;
connecting sampling point sequences before and after the lost point end to form a pseudo-continuous sampling value sequence;
calculating corresponding orthogonal filter coefficients according to the length of the pseudo-continuous sampling sequence;
applying the orthogonal filter to a pseudo-continuous sampling value sequence to obtain an accurate phasor calculation result;
and analyzing the voltage and the current of the transformer substation according to the calculated phasor.
According to a third aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the memory, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the phasor calculation method in the case of loss of sampling values based on the filter quadrature characteristic.
According to a fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the phasor calculation method in the case of a loss of sample values based on the filter quadrature characteristic described above.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of this disclosure is:
(1) according to the scheme disclosed by the disclosure, the phasor calculation result is obtained by modifying the coefficient of a symmetric point in the orthogonal filter and acting the modified orthogonal filter on the sampling value sequence, the scheme calculation method is simple, and a large number of calculation processes are not needed;
(2) the scheme of the disclosure maintains the orthogonal characteristic of the filter, and ensures the precision of the phasor calculation result to the maximum extent under the condition that the sampling point is lost;
(3) the first scheme of the disclosure is suitable for various sampling point loss forms, and meanwhile, as the filtering effect is greatly influenced by the number of the lost points, the first scheme is most suitable for being applied under the condition that the harmonic of the electric quantity is small, such as the normal and stable working condition of an electric power system;
(4) the second scheme is suitable for the continuous point loss condition, has a good harmonic filtering effect, and can be applied to the condition that the harmonic is large or a power system is disturbed.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application.
Fig. 1(a) and fig. 1(b) are schematic coefficient diagrams and exemplary symmetric coefficient diagrams of a full-period fourier filter (sine filter and cosine filter) according to a first embodiment of the disclosure (N ═ 80), respectively;
fig. 2(a) and fig. 2(b) are schematic diagrams of the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the filter (sine filter and cosine filter) in the case of missing two sample values according to the first embodiment of the disclosure;
fig. 3(a) and fig. 3(b) are schematic diagrams of the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the filters (sine filter and cosine filter) in the case of missing five-point sample values according to the first embodiment of the disclosure, respectively;
fig. 4(a) and fig. 4(b) are schematic diagrams of the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the filters (sine filter and cosine filter) in the case of missing ten sample values according to the second embodiment of the disclosure.
Detailed Description
The present disclosure is further described with reference to the following drawings and examples.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
According to the orthogonal filter concept, two mutually orthogonal filters w are required for calculating the phasor of the electrical quantitycAnd wsRespectively acting on the sampling sequence X of the electric quantity to obtain the real part X of the phasorRAnd imaginary part XIAs shown in the following formula:
where M is the data window length of the filter. And the filter coefficients need to satisfy the following quadrature condition:
ecand esIs the normalized coefficient of the filter:
if w iscAnd wsRespectively taking a cosine function and a sine function, and taking a sampling length N of a power frequency period as M, thenIs a commonly used full cycle fourier fundamental filter:
n is the number of sampling points in each power frequency cycle, x (k), where k is 1. And the sine filter coefficients and the cosine filter coefficients satisfy the quadrature condition:
taking the sampling of 80 points per power frequency cycle commonly used in an intelligent substation as an example (N is 80), the filter coefficients are drawn as shown in fig. 1(a) and fig. 1(b), and it can be seen from the drawings that:
the sine function is centrosymmetric about the 40 th point; the cosine function is axisymmetric about the 40 th point; due to the two symmetrical performances, the sine filter and the cosine filter meet the orthogonal condition;
further popularization is only required to wsAnd wcIf the central symmetry and the axial symmetry are respectively satisfied, the filter is a pair of orthogonal filters.
The symmetrical points of the sine filter and the cosine filter on the 40 th point are set to be 0, and the symmetrical conditions are still met;
as for the sine filter and the cosine filter, as long as the numbers of coefficients on both sides with respect to the 40 th point are equal to each other, the above-described symmetry condition is satisfied even if the total number of coefficients is less than 80 points.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the purpose of the embodiment is to provide a phasor calculation method under the condition of loss of sampling values based on filter quadrature characteristics.
According to the electric power engineering signal processing theory, the phasor of the electric quantity is obtained by respectively carrying out filtering calculation on the electric quantity sampling value sequence through a pair of orthogonal digital filters, and the obtained result is respectively used as the real part and the imaginary part of the electric quantity phasor, so that the real-time calculation of the phasor is realized. And the orthogonality of the two digital filters has important significance on the precision of phasor calculation results.
When a sampling value loss occurs, the digital filter coefficient corresponding to the loss point is equivalently regarded as 0 for phasor calculation. The digital filter at this time often no longer satisfies the orthogonality, depending on the situation of the missing point. In order to maintain the orthogonal characteristic of the filter, the patent proposes that a symmetrical point of a corresponding coefficient of a lost point is found in a digital filter, the coefficient of the symmetrical point is set to be zero artificially, so that the orthogonality of the digital filter is ensured, a pair of corrected orthogonal filters acts on a sampling value sequence with the lost point, and obtained results are respectively used as a real part and an imaginary part of an electric quantity phasor, so that the accuracy of phasor calculation under the condition that a sampling point is lost is realized to the maximum extent.
Based on the above analysis, the present embodiment provides a phasor calculation method under the condition that a sampling value is lost based on filter quadrature characteristics, including:
acquiring message data containing voltage and current sampling values;
analyzing the message data, and analyzing the loss condition of the sampling point;
searching the position of a symmetrical point in the filter according to the position of the lost sampling point in the sampling value sequence;
setting coefficients of symmetrical points in a pair of orthogonal filters to zero, and performing normalization processing on the coefficients of the orthogonal filters to obtain modified orthogonal filters;
applying the modified orthogonal filter to the sampling value sequence to obtain an accurate phasor calculation result;
and analyzing the voltage and the current of the transformer substation according to the calculated phasor.
Further, the position of the symmetry point is obtained as follows:
at any point k of the filter coefficient sequence, the symmetry point is (N-k + 1). If the coefficients of the kth point and the (N-k +1) th point in the filter are simultaneously set to 0, the filter still meets the quadrature condition of the above expression; where N is the length of the filter coefficient sequence.
Further, for example, a common full-cycle fourier algorithm is used to calculate the fundamental phasor, which uses a pair of orthogonal filters, sine and cosine, to calculate the real part X of the fundamental phasorRAnd imaginary part XI：
N is the number of sampling points in each power frequency cycle, x (k), where k is 1. And the sine filter coefficients and the cosine filter coefficients satisfy the quadrature condition:
taking the sampling of 80 points per power frequency cycle commonly used in an intelligent substation as an example (N is 80), the filter coefficients are drawn as shown in fig. 1(a) and fig. 1 (b). As can be seen from the figure, the symmetry point of any point k of the filter coefficient sequence is (N-k + 1). If the coefficients at the kth point and the (N-k +1) th point in the filter are set to 0 at the same time, the filter still satisfies the quadrature condition of the above equation.
To demonstrate the utility of the protocol described in this example, it is demonstrated herein by specific experimental data:
experiment 1:
taking a full-cycle fourier algorithm with N being 80 as an example, assuming that the samples at the 4 th and 5 th points are lost in the samples of one cycle, the implementation steps of the phasor calculation are as follows:
step 1: receiving SAV messages through IEDs (intelligent monitoring devices), and analyzing the loss condition of sampling points;
step 2: if the 4 th sampling point and the 5 th sampling point are lost through analysis, the serial numbers of the symmetrical points in the filter are found to be 76 and 77 according to the positions of the lost points in the sampling value sequence;
and step 3: setting coefficients No. 76 and No. 77 in the sine and cosine filters to zero to obtain modified sine and cosine filters;
and 4, step 4: and applying the modified sine and cosine filters to the sampling value sequence to obtain a phasor calculation result.
The amplitude-frequency characteristics of the modified filter are shown in fig. 2(a) and fig. 2(b), and for comparison, the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the full-period fourier filter after linear interpolation and parabolic interpolation are also plotted; as can be seen from the figure, the phasor calculation method provided by the disclosure ensures that the amplitude-frequency characteristic of the filter at power frequency (50Hz) is 1, and has the best comprehensive filtering effect, so that the phasor calculation precision is high.
Experiment 2:
taking a full-cycle fourier algorithm with N being 80 as an example, assuming that five sampling values of 33 th to 37 th are lost in sampling values of one cycle, the implementation steps of phasor calculation are as follows:
step 1: IEDs receiving the SAV message and analyzing the loss condition of the sampling point;
step 2: analyzing to obtain that No. 33-37 sampling points are lost, and finding out the serial numbers of symmetrical points in the filter to be 44-48 according to the positions of the lost points in the sampling value sequence;
and step 3: setting coefficients from 44 th to 48 th in the sine and cosine filters to zero to obtain modified sine and cosine filters;
and 4, step 4: and applying the modified sine and cosine filters to the sampling value sequence to obtain a phasor calculation result.
The amplitude-frequency characteristics of the modified filter are shown in fig. 3(a) and fig. 3 (b). In contrast, the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the full-period fourier filters after linear interpolation and parabolic interpolation are plotted. As can be seen from the figure, the phasor calculation method provided by the disclosure ensures that the amplitude-frequency characteristic of the filter at power frequency (50Hz) is 1, and has the best comprehensive filtering effect, so that the phasor calculation precision is high.
Example two:
the present embodiment aims to provide another phasor calculation method in the case of missing sample values based on the filter quadrature characteristic.
According to the property of the orthogonal characteristic of the filter, if the two filters meet the orthogonal characteristic, even if the data window of the filter is less than the length of one power frequency period, the filter can achieve a better filtering effect. Such phasors, calculated from a sequence of samples shorter than one power frequency period, are called small vectors.
Based on the above technical concept, this embodiment provides a phasor calculation method under the condition that a sampling value is lost based on filter quadrature characteristics, including:
acquiring message data containing voltage and current sampling values;
analyzing the message data, and analyzing the loss condition of the sampling point;
connecting sampling point sequences before and after the lost point end to form a pseudo-continuous sampling value sequence;
calculating corresponding orthogonal filter coefficients according to the length of the pseudo-continuous sampling sequence;
applying the orthogonal filter to a pseudo-continuous sampling value sequence to obtain an accurate phasor calculation result;
and analyzing the voltage and the current of the transformer substation according to the calculated phasor.
Further, the end-to-end connection of the sampling point sequences before and after the missing point specifically includes:
assuming that q sampling points from the kth point to the k + q-1 point are lost, the sampling sequence of (k + q-N) and the sampling sequence of (1-k-1) can be connected end to form a pseudo-continuous sampling sequence with the length of N-q:
[x(N-k-q),...,x(N),x(1),...,x(k-1)]
then, the phasor (small vector) is calculated by adopting the orthogonal filter with the length of N-q.
Further, for example, a common full-cycle fourier algorithm is used to calculate the fundamental phasor, which uses a pair of orthogonal filters, sine and cosine, to calculate the real part X of the fundamental phasorRAnd imaginary part XI：
N is the number of sampling points in each power frequency cycle, x (k), where k is 1. And the sine filter coefficients and the cosine filter coefficients satisfy the quadrature condition:
to demonstrate the utility of the protocol described in this disclosure, it is demonstrated herein by specific experimental data:
experiment 3:
taking a full-cycle fourier algorithm with N being 80 as an example, assuming that ten samples from 59 th to 68 th are lost in a cycle of sample values, the implementation steps of phasor calculation are as follows:
step 1: IEDs receiving the SAV message and analyzing the loss condition of the sampling point;
step 2: and analyzing to obtain that No. 59-68 sampling points are lost, wherein the sampling sequence number of the pseudo continuous sampling sequence is as follows: [69,70, …,80,1,2, …,58], 70 sampling points;
and step 3: calculating a filter coefficient and a normalization coefficient of a quadrature filter having 70 coefficients;
and 4, step 4: and applying an orthogonal filter with 70 coefficients to the pseudo-continuous sampling sequence to obtain a phasor calculation result.
Further, the amplitude-frequency characteristic of the filter with 70 coefficients is shown in fig. 4(a) and fig. 4 (b); in contrast, the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the full-period fourier filters after linear interpolation and parabolic interpolation are plotted. As can be seen from the figure, the phasor calculation method provided by the patent ensures that the amplitude-frequency characteristic of the filter at the power frequency (50Hz) is 1, has the best comprehensive filtering effect, and therefore, the phasor calculation precision is high.
Example three:
the embodiment aims at providing an electronic device.
An electronic device comprising, memory, a processor and a computer program stored for execution on the memory, the processor when executing the program implementing the steps comprising:
acquiring message data containing voltage and current sampling value sequences;
analyzing the message data, and analyzing the loss condition of the sampling point;
searching the position of a symmetrical point in the filter according to the position of the lost sampling point in the sampling value sequence;
setting coefficients of symmetrical points in a pair of orthogonal filters to zero to obtain a modified orthogonal filter;
applying the modified orthogonal filter to the sampling value sequence to obtain an accurate phasor calculation result;
and analyzing the voltage and the current of the transformer substation according to the calculated phasor.
/or
Acquiring message data containing voltage and current sampling values;
analyzing the message data, and analyzing the loss condition of the sampling point;
connecting sampling point sequences before and after the lost point end to form a pseudo-continuous sampling value sequence;
calculating corresponding orthogonal filter coefficients according to the length of the pseudo-continuous sampling sequence;
applying the orthogonal filter to a pseudo-continuous sampling value sequence to obtain an accurate phasor calculation result;
and analyzing the voltage and the current of the transformer substation according to the calculated phasor.
Example four:
an object of the present embodiment is to provide a computer-readable storage medium.
A computer-readable storage medium, having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, performs steps comprising:
acquiring message data containing voltage and current sampling value sequences;
analyzing the message data, and analyzing the loss condition of the sampling point;
searching the position of a symmetrical point in the filter according to the position of the lost sampling point in the sampling value sequence;
setting coefficients of symmetrical points in a pair of orthogonal filters to zero to obtain a modified orthogonal filter;
applying the modified orthogonal filter to the sampling value sequence to obtain an accurate phasor calculation result;
analyzing the voltage and the current of the transformer substation according to the phasor obtained by calculation;
/or
Acquiring message data containing voltage and current sampling values;
analyzing the message data, and analyzing the loss condition of the sampling point;
connecting sampling point sequences before and after the lost point end to form a pseudo-continuous sampling value sequence;
calculating corresponding orthogonal filter coefficients according to the length of the pseudo-continuous sampling sequence;
applying the orthogonal filter to a pseudo-continuous sampling value sequence to obtain an accurate phasor calculation result;
and analyzing the voltage and the current of the transformer substation according to the calculated phasor.
The phasor calculation method based on the filter orthogonal characteristic under the condition of sampling value loss provided by the embodiment can be completely realized, and has wide application prospect.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, and various modifications and changes may be made to the present disclosure by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.
Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. The phasor calculation method under the condition of sampling value loss based on the filter quadrature characteristic is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring message data containing voltage and current sampling values;
analyzing the message data, and analyzing the loss condition of the sampling point;
searching the position of a symmetrical point in the filter according to the position of the lost sampling point in the sampling value sequence;
setting coefficients of symmetrical points in a pair of orthogonal filters to zero, and performing normalization processing on the coefficients of the orthogonal filters to obtain modified orthogonal filters;
applying the modified orthogonal filter to the sampling value sequence to obtain an accurate phasor calculation result;
and analyzing the voltage and the current of the transformer substation according to the calculated phasor.
2. The method for phasor calculation in the case of sample value loss based on filter quadrature characteristics of claim 1 wherein said pair of quadrature filters includes a sine filter and a cosine filter.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the imaginary component X of the fundamental phasor is calculated using the sine filterI：
N is the number of sampling points in each power frequency cycle, x (k), where k is 1.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the cosine filter is used to calculate the real part X of the fundamental phasorR：
N is the number of sampling points in each power frequency cycle, x (k), where k is 1.
5. The phasor calculation method in the case of a missing sample value based on the filter quadrature characteristic of claim 2, wherein the sine and cosine filter coefficients satisfy the quadrature condition:
6. the phasor calculation method under the condition of sampling value loss based on the filter quadrature characteristic is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring message data containing voltage and current sampling values;
analyzing the message data, and analyzing the loss condition of the sampling point;
connecting sampling point sequences before and after the lost point end to form a pseudo-continuous sampling value sequence;
calculating corresponding orthogonal filter coefficients according to the length of the pseudo-continuous sampling sequence;
applying the orthogonal filter to a pseudo-continuous sampling value sequence to obtain an accurate phasor calculation result;
and analyzing the voltage and the current of the transformer substation according to the calculated phasor.
7. The method for phasor calculation in the case of sample value loss based on filter quadrature characteristics of claim 6, wherein said filter includes a sine filter and a cosine filter.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the imaginary component X of the fundamental phasor is calculated using the sine filterI：
Calculating the real part X of the fundamental phasor by using the cosine filterR：
N is the number of sampling points in each power frequency cycle, x (k), where k is 1.
9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory for execution, wherein the processor when executing the program implements the method for phasor calculation in case of loss of sample values based on filter quadrature characteristic as claimed in any of claims 1-8.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out a phasor calculation method in the event of a loss of sample values based on the filter quadrature characteristic as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
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