CN109142863A - A kind of Power System Frequency Measurement method and system - Google Patents
A kind of Power System Frequency Measurement method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109142863A CN109142863A CN201710501870.0A CN201710501870A CN109142863A CN 109142863 A CN109142863 A CN 109142863A CN 201710501870 A CN201710501870 A CN 201710501870A CN 109142863 A CN109142863 A CN 109142863A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R23/00—Arrangements for measuring frequencies; Arrangements for analysing frequency spectra
- G01R23/02—Arrangements for measuring frequency, e.g. pulse repetition rate; Arrangements for measuring period of current or voltage
- G01R23/12—Arrangements for measuring frequency, e.g. pulse repetition rate; Arrangements for measuring period of current or voltage by converting frequency into phase shift
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Power System Frequency Measurement method and system, this method carries out low-pass filtering to the sampled signal of electric system first, eliminates high-frequency interferencing signal therein；Then obtained low frequency signal is carried out sinusoidal fourier to calculate, obtains the phasor at three moment of difference 1/m cycle, to eliminate the influence of low-frequency harmonics, wherein m >=3；Finally, obtaining the real-time frequency of electric system according to the method for phasor frequency measurement.The present invention handles the low frequency signal of electric system, and the influence of low-frequency harmonics is eliminated with sinusoidal fourier, so that the frequency resultant for the electric system being calculated is more accurate, method used in compared with the existing technology, a large amount of iteration work is not needed, calculation method is relatively simple, and reliable, it is easy to spread, there is stronger practical application value.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to relay protection of power system and control field of measuring technique, and in particular to a kind of Power System Frequency Measurement
Method and system.
Background technique
" frequency " concept, which is derived from, defines the classical physics of periodically variable things, due to objects many in electric system
Managing variable has periodic characteristic, therefore this concept is widely used in electric industry technology.Power system frequency is on the one hand
As the index for measuring power quality, dynamic monitoring need to be subject to；On the other hand, the important state as stability contorting with high safety
Feedback quantity, it is desirable that being capable of Real-time Reconstruction.Therefore, accurate frequency measurement has great importance to the safe operation of stablizing of electric system.
The essence of frequency measurement is the identifying dynamic parameter problem of signal observation model, i.e. input real system physical signal, benefit
The preferable estimation to pre-determined model parameter is realized with signal processing and numerical analysis method.The signal of acquirement contains frequency and does not stop to become
The fundamental wave of change, harmonic wave abundant, aperiodic component and noise contribution.Accurately to measure fundamental frequency, need certain hardware (such as
Filter, DSP etc.) and corresponding software.Algorithm is the core link of frequency measurement, and generally comprise three steps: signal is located in advance
Reason, frequency measurement and data processing.Wherein Signal Pretreatment and data processing are that auxiliary calculates, and are frequency measurement service,
Measurement performance can be optimized, achieve the purpose that practical application.
There are many currently used frequency measuring method, such as: zero crossing frequency measurement, phasor frequency measurement, least square method frequency measurement etc..In frequency
When rate deviates, in the purer situation of system waveform, above-mentioned frequency measuring method can obtain preferable frequency measurement effect.But as direct current is defeated
The case where Large scale construction of electricity and new energy, the harmonic source in power grid is more and more, and electric system contains harmonic wave, is also increasingly
Generally, the measurement result of the above method different degrees of error or even mistake will occur, so the research of anti-harmonic wave frequency measuring method
As urgent problem to be solved.
It is the entitled of Mu Longhua, Xing Jinlei that " Automation of Electric Systems " on December 10th, 2008, which describes an author,
The paper of " the precise frequency Measurement Algorithm based on Fourier transformation ", discloses a kind of frequency measurement side based on Fourier transformation
Method, this method improve the ability of anti-harmonic wave using phasor frequency measurement iteration, although having obtained preferable effect, iterative calculation amount
It is larger, it is unfavorable for practical application.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of Power System Frequency Measurement method and system, humorous to solve to resist in the prior art
Computationally intensive, the complicated problem of the frequency measuring method of wave.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of Power System Frequency Measurement method of the invention, includes the following steps:
1) low-pass filtering is carried out to the original signal of electric system, obtains the low frequency signal of electric system；
2) obtained low frequency signal is carried out sinusoidal fourier to calculate, obtains the phasor at three moment of difference 1/m cycle,
Middle m >=3；
3) according to the phasor at three moment of obtained difference 1/m cycle, power train is obtained using the method for phasor frequency measurement
The real-time frequency of system.
Further, low-pass filtering is carried out using original signal of the Chebyshev filter to electric system, obtains electric power
The low frequency signal of system.
Further, electric system low frequency signal carries out sinusoidal fourier calculating, the real and imaginary parts of obtained phasor are as follows:
Wherein, x (n) is the low frequency signal of electric system, and n is sampling sequence number, and N is one week wave point under device sample rate
Number, coef_s (i) are the sinusoidal filter factor of complete cycle fourier, yc(n) it is calculated for the sinusoidal fourier of electric system low frequency signal
The real part of the phasor arrived, ys(n) imaginary part for the phasor being calculated for the sinusoidal fourier of electric system low frequency signal.
Further, the real-time frequency of the electric system are as follows:
Wherein, p=N/m, m >=3, N are one week sampling number, TsFor sampling interval, ycIt (n) is n moment electric system low frequency
The real part of the sinusoidal fourier of signal, ys(n) void for the phasor being calculated for the sinusoidal fourier of n moment electric system low frequency signal
Portion, yc(n-p) real part for the phasor being calculated for the sinusoidal fourier of n-p moment electric system low frequency signal, ysIt (n-p) is n-p
The imaginary part for the phasor that the sinusoidal fourier of moment electric system low frequency signal is calculated, ycIt (n-2p) is the electric system of n-2p moment
The real part for the phasor that the sinusoidal fourier of low frequency signal is calculated, ys(n-2p) just for n-2p moment electric system low frequency signal
The imaginary part for the phasor that string fourier is calculated.
The Frequency Measurement System of a kind of electric system of the invention, including filter unit and the processing list being connect with filter unit
Member, the processing unit include a processor；
The filter unit is used to carry out low-pass filtering to the original signal of electric system, obtains the low frequency letter of electric system
Number, and send the low frequency signal of the electric system to processor；
The low frequency signal for the electric system that the processor is used to receive carries out sinusoidal Fourier transform, obtains difference 1/
The phasor at three moment of m cycle, and according to the real-time frequency of the method for phasor frequency measurement calculating electric system, m >=3.
Further, low-pass filtering is carried out using original signal of the Chebyshev filter to electric system, obtains electric power
The low frequency signal of system.
Further, electric system low frequency signal carries out sinusoidal fourier calculating, the real and imaginary parts of obtained phasor are as follows:
Wherein, x (n) is the low frequency signal of electric system, and n is sampling sequence number, and N is one week wave point under device sample rate
Number, coef_s (i) are the sinusoidal part coefficient of complete cycle fourier, yc(n) it is calculated for the sinusoidal fourier of electric system low frequency signal
The real part of the phasor arrived, ys(n) imaginary part for the phasor being calculated for the sinusoidal fourier of electric system low frequency signal.
Further, the real-time frequency of the electric system are as follows:
Wherein, p=N/m, m >=3, N are one week sampling number, TsFor sampling interval, ycIt (n) is n moment electric system low frequency
The real part that the sinusoidal fourier of signal calculates, ys(n) phasor being calculated for the sinusoidal fourier of n moment electric system low frequency signal
Imaginary part, yc(n-p) real part for the phasor being calculated for the sinusoidal fourier of n-p moment electric system low frequency signal, ys(n-p)
For the imaginary part for the phasor that the sinusoidal fourier of n-p moment electric system low frequency signal is calculated, ycIt (n-2p) is n-2p moment electricity
The real part for the phasor that the sinusoidal fourier of Force system low frequency signal is calculated, ys(n-2p) believe for n-2p moment electric system low frequency
Number the imaginary part of phasor that is calculated of sinusoidal fourier.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
Power System Frequency Measurement method and system of the invention, this method carry out low pass to the original signal of electric system first
Filtering, eliminates high-frequency interferencing signal therein；Then obtained low frequency signal is carried out sinusoidal fourier to calculate, is eliminated therein low
Frequency harmonic wave obtains the phasor at three moment of difference 1/m cycle, finally, obtaining the reality of electric system according to phasor frequency measuring method
When frequency.The present invention handles the low frequency signal of electric system, and the influence of low-frequency harmonics is eliminated with sinusoidal fourier, makes
The frequency resultant for the electric system that must be calculated is more accurate, compared with the existing technology used in method, do not need a large amount of
Iteration work, calculation method is relatively simple, and reliable, easy to spread, has stronger practical application value.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is Power System Frequency Measurement method flow diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the amplitude-frequency characteristic figure of complete cycle fourier and sinusoidal fourier.
Specific embodiment
To keep the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, to the present invention
It is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
It is as shown in Figure 1 Power System Frequency Measurement method flow diagram of the invention, this method is described in detail below.
Firstly, the sampled signal x that acquisition electric system is original0(n), using low-pass filter to x0(n) low-pass filtering is carried out
Processing eliminates the high-frequency interferencing signal in electric system original signal, obtains the low frequency signal x (n) of electric system.
Then, the low frequency signal x (n) of electric system is carried out sinusoidal fourier to calculate, when obtaining three of difference 1/m cycle
The real and imaginary parts of the phasor at quarter, m >=3.
Finally, calculating the real-time frequency of electric system according to the method for phasor frequency measurement.
A specific example is named to be further explained to this method.
Firstly, the sampled signal of the electric system to acquisition, carries out low-pass filtering using Chebyshev filter.It adjusts
Cutoff frequency and attenuation amplitude, obtain filter factor, to the sampled signal x of electric system0(n) low-pass filtering is carried out, electricity is obtained
The low frequency signal x (n) of Force system.Such as sample frequency is 1200Hz, the cut-off frequecy of passband of low-pass filter is 10Hz, stopband
Cutoff frequency is 88Hz, and passband maximum ripple decays to 1.743dB, stopband maximum attenuation 55dB, and order is 26 ranks, specific coefficient
It is shown in Table 1.
Table 1
Then, the low frequency signal x (n) of electric system obtained above is carried out sinusoidal fourier to calculate, obtains difference 1/m weeks
The phasor at three moment of wave.
Although higher harmonic signal can be eliminated after low-pass filtering, in filter intermediate zone
Low-frequency harmonics part still influences very big.There is the spy that low-order harmonic is preferably filtered out than complete cycle fourier using fourier sinusoidal part
Property, when power system frequency offset is too low, influence of the reduced harmonic to frequency-measurement accuracy.Fig. 2 is complete cycle fourier and sinusoidal fourier
Amplitude-frequency characteristic comparison diagram, the amplitude-frequency characteristic comparative analysis to them, it is known that sinusoidal fourier has better low pass in 50-100Hz
Filtering characteristic.
1) power system signal model:
X (t)=Asin (ω0T+ α)=A [sin (ω0t)cosα+cos(ω0t)sinα] (1)
Wherein, signal amplitude A, initial phase angle α.
2) cos (ω is multiplied by formula (1)0T), and within a period integrated:
Due to sin (ω0T) with cos (ω0T) mutually orthogonal, it is 0 after integral, can obtains:
3) after to formula (1) derivation, it is multiplied by sin (ω0T), and within a period integrated:
From formula (2) and formula (3) it can be seen that the cosine part of power system signal model complete cycle fourierWithIt is equal.
4) replace derivation with difference:
In formula, n is present sample serial number, TsFor the sampling interval, t is current time, t=nTs, α is power system signal
Model initial phase angle.
5) formula (4) is brought into formula (3) to obtain:
Formula (5) is converted into digital quantity form:
6) calculation formula of complete cycle fourier is as follows:
In formula, complete cycle fourier sinusoidal coefficientsComplete cycle fourier cosine coefficient
Replace the cosine filtering part of complete cycle fourier that can obtain with formula (6):
Wherein, x (n) is signal after low-pass filtering, and n is sampling sequence number, and N is the cycle points under device sample rate,
Coef_s (i) is the sinusoidal filter factor of complete cycle fourier, and coef_c (i) is the cosine filter factor of complete cycle fourier, ycIt (n) is electricity
The real part of Force system signal model, ysIt (n) is the imaginary part of power system signal model.
Finally, obtaining the real-time frequency of electric system according to the method for phasor frequency measurement.
According to three moment phasors of the difference 1/m cycle that sinusoidal fourier is calculated, electric system is calculated using following formula
Real-time frequency:
Wherein, p=N/m, m >=3, N are one week sampling number, TsFor sampling interval, ycIt (n) is n moment electric system low frequency
The real part that the sinusoidal fourier of signal calculates, ys(n) phasor being calculated for the sinusoidal fourier of n moment electric system low frequency signal
Imaginary part, yc(n-p) real part for the phasor being calculated for the sinusoidal fourier of n-p moment electric system low frequency signal, ys(n-p)
For the imaginary part for the phasor that the sinusoidal fourier of n-p moment electric system low frequency signal is calculated, ycIt (n-2p) is n-2p moment electricity
The real part for the phasor that the sinusoidal fourier of Force system low frequency signal is calculated, ys(n-2p) believe for n-2p moment electric system low frequency
Number the imaginary part of phasor that is calculated of sinusoidal fourier.
The effect of the frequency measuring method of above-mentioned electric system is verified below.Data in table 2 are obtained using the above method,
The frequency error measurement under different frequency is recorded, signal model is as follows:
xsig=Asin (wt+phase1)+0.1Asin (hwt+phase2)
Wherein, A is signal amplitude, and w is signal frequency, and h overtone order, phase1 is signal phase, and phase2 is harmonic wave
Phase.
Data in table 2, phase1 take 0 degree, and phase2 takes 60 degree, and A takes unit value.It is of the invention as can be seen from the table
Frequency-measurement accuracy can achieve 0.01Hz absolute precision below in the wide scope of 45~55Hz.
Table 2
The Frequency Measurement System of a kind of electric system of the invention, including filter unit and the processing list being connect with filter unit
Member, the processing unit include a processor；Filter unit is used to carry out low-pass filtering to the original signal of electric system, obtains
Processor is sent to the low frequency signal of electric system, and by the low frequency signal of electric system；What processor was used to receive
The low frequency signal of electric system carries out sinusoidal fourier and calculates, and obtains the phasor at three moment of difference 1/m cycle, and according to phasor
The method of frequency measurement calculates the real-time frequency of electric system；m≥3.
Above system, essence are to realize the frequency measuring method of the electric system of above-mentioned introduction.Due to the above method
It is complete to introduce sufficiently clear, therefore no longer the system is described in detail.
It is discussed in detail although the contents of the present invention have passed through above preferred embodiment, but it should be appreciated that above-mentioned
Description is not considered as limitation of the present invention.After those skilled in the art have read above content, for of the invention
A variety of modifications and substitutions all will be apparent.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be limited to the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of Power System Frequency Measurement method, which comprises the steps of:
1) low-pass filtering is carried out to the original signal of electric system, obtains the low frequency signal of electric system；
2) obtained low frequency signal is carried out sinusoidal fourier to calculate, obtains the phasor at three moment of difference 1/m cycle, wherein m
≥3；
3) according to the phasor at three moment of obtained difference 1/m cycle, electric system is obtained using the method for phasor frequency measurement
Real-time frequency.
2. Power System Frequency Measurement method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that using Chebyshev filter to electric power
The original signal of system carries out low-pass filtering, obtains the low frequency signal of electric system.
3. Power System Frequency Measurement method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that carried out just to electric system low frequency signal
String fourier calculates, the real and imaginary parts of obtained phasor are as follows:
Wherein, x (n) is the low frequency signal of electric system, and n is sampling sequence number, and N is the cycle points under device sample rate,
Coef_s (i) is the sinusoidal filter factor of complete cycle fourier, yc(n) it is calculated for the sinusoidal fourier of electric system low frequency signal
The real part of phasor, ys(n) imaginary part for the phasor being calculated for the sinusoidal fourier of electric system low frequency signal.
4. Power System Frequency Measurement method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the real-time frequency of the electric system
Are as follows:
Wherein, p=N/m, m >=3, N are one week sampling number, TsFor sampling interval, ycIt (n) is n moment electric system low frequency signal
The real part of phasor that is calculated of sinusoidal fourier, ys(n) it is calculated for the sinusoidal fourier of n moment electric system low frequency signal
Phasor imaginary part, yc(n-p) real part for the phasor being calculated for the sinusoidal fourier of n-p moment electric system low frequency signal, ys
(n-p) imaginary part for the phasor being calculated for the sinusoidal fourier of n-p moment electric system low frequency signal, yc(n-2p) be n-2p when
Carve the real part of phasor that the sinusoidal fourier of electric system low frequency signal is calculated, ys(n-2p) low for the electric system of n-2p moment
The imaginary part for the phasor that the sinusoidal fourier of frequency signal is calculated.
5. a kind of Frequency Measurement System of electric system, which is characterized in that including filter unit and the processing list being connect with filter unit
Member, the processing unit include a processor；
The filter unit is used to carry out low-pass filtering to the original signal of electric system, obtains the low frequency signal of electric system,
And send the low frequency signal of the electric system to processor；
The low frequency signal for the electric system that the processor is used to receive carries out sinusoidal Fourier transform, obtains difference 1/m weeks
The phasor at three moment of wave, and according to the real-time frequency of the method for phasor frequency measurement calculating electric system, m >=3.
6. the Frequency Measurement System of electric system according to claim 5, which is characterized in that using Chebyshev filter to electricity
The original signal of Force system carries out low-pass filtering, obtains the low frequency signal of electric system.
7. the Frequency Measurement System of electric system according to claim 5, which is characterized in that electric system low frequency signal carries out just
String fourier calculates, the real and imaginary parts of obtained phasor are as follows:
Wherein, x (n) is the low frequency signal of electric system, and n is sampling sequence number, and N is the cycle points under device sample rate,
Coef_s (i) is the sinusoidal filter factor of complete cycle fourier, yc(n) it is calculated for the sinusoidal fourier of electric system low frequency signal
The real part of phasor, ys(n) imaginary part for the phasor being calculated for the sinusoidal fourier of electric system low frequency signal.
8. the Frequency Measurement System of electric system according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the real-time frequency of the electric system
Are as follows:
Wherein, p=N/m, m >=3, N are one week sampling number, TsFor sampling interval, ycIt (n) is n moment electric system low frequency signal
The real part of phasor that is calculated of sinusoidal fourier, ys(n) it is calculated for the sinusoidal fourier of n moment electric system low frequency signal
Phasor imaginary part, yc(n-p) real part for the phasor being calculated for the sinusoidal fourier of n-p moment electric system low frequency signal, ys
(n-p) imaginary part for the phasor being calculated for the sinusoidal fourier of n-p moment electric system low frequency signal, yc(n-2p) be n-2p when
Carve the real part of phasor that the sinusoidal fourier of electric system low frequency signal is calculated, ys(n-2p) low for the electric system of n-2p moment
The imaginary part for the phasor that the sinusoidal fourier of frequency signal is calculated.
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| CN112511133A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-16 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Filter parameter setting method based on ship structure monitoring data analysis |
| CN114034927A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-02-11 | 南京国电南自电网自动化有限公司 | Signal measurement method and system based on frequency-following interpolation sampling |
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