Method for reducing condensed water-soluble oxygen based on dry screw pump
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power production, in particular to a method for reducing condensed water-soluble oxygen.
Background
With the improvement of parameters and automation degree, the condensing steam turbine generator unit has higher and higher requirements on the quality of a working medium of thermodynamic cycle, namely, condensed water, and the dissolved oxygen of the condensed water is one of important indexes for representing the quality of the condensed water.
The condensed water-soluble oxygen of the steam turbine generator unit exceeds the standard, and the damage to the steam turbine generator unit is great, so that firstly, the heat exchange efficiency of the steam turbine heat regenerative equipment is reduced, the heat exchange thermal resistance of the surface heat exchanger is increased, and the cycle heat efficiency is reduced; secondly, the service life of the thermal equipment is shortened, when the oxygen-enriched condensed water passes through the thermal equipment, the metal is subjected to electrochemical corrosion, and the service life of the equipment is shortened; thirdly, the operation safety of the thermal equipment is influenced, oxygen accumulated and separated out at the dead angle of the equipment blocks a pipeline to increase thermal resistance, and the problems of overtemperature of the pipe wall, increase of thermal stress and the like are caused; in addition, the increase of corrosion products can cause the scaling and salt accumulation of equipment, cause heat transfer deterioration, even cause boiler pipe explosion and the blockage of a main valve of a steam turbine, and seriously affect the safe and economic operation of a unit. Particularly, most of the existing main generator sets in service are high-capacity supercritical and ultra-supercritical generator sets, the boiler is a direct-current boiler without a steam drum and can not carry out dosing treatment and pollution discharge treatment on boiler water like a steam drum boiler, so that the requirement of the system on the oxygen content and the quality of condensed water is higher. Therefore, the maintenance of a low dissolved oxygen content in the condensate is of great significance to the safe and economic operation of the unit.
The condenser is one of the important accessories of the steam turbine generator unit, and the function of the condenser is to remove oxygen in the condensed water. Because the entering of non-condensable gases such as air in the condenser is inevitable, the tightness of negative pressure zone equipment of the condenser system is firstly improved so as to reduce the entering of the air, and then the entering non-condensable gases are timely discharged by utilizing vacuumizing equipment so as to prevent oxygen from being dissolved in the condensed water again. In the case of a constant quantity of noncondensable gas, the quantity of gas withdrawn is large and the quantity of oxygen redissolved in the condensate is small, and vice versa.
At present, a condenser vacuumizing system of a large-scale thermal power plant is generally provided with 2-3 water ring type vacuum pump sets with larger power, and a 300 MW-level unit is generally provided with 2 sets which are operated one by one; generally, 3 units are arranged in a unit with the grade of 600MW or above, and one unit is transported for two times; when the turbo generator set is started, the vacuum unit is started simultaneously and is used for quickly vacuumizing the condenser and the connected pipeline system; after the power plant generator set is put into stable operation, the operating vacuum pump set is used for pumping out non-condensable gas leaking into the vacuum system so as to maintain the vacuum of the condenser system.
The limit vacuum and air exhaust speed of a water ring vacuum pump set and a water jet air extractor which are equipped in a conventional generator set have a great relationship with the working water temperature. When the environmental temperature is high in summer, the sealing working water temperature is also high, and the suction capacity of the water ring vacuum pump is rapidly reduced. For example, the saturation pressure of the working fluid at 20 ℃ is 2.34kPa, the saturation pressure at 30 ℃ is 4.24kPa, and the saturation pressure at 35 ℃ is 5.62 kPa. When the suction pressure of the water ring vacuum pump is less than or equal to the vacuum saturation pressure of the working fluid temperature corresponding unit, part of the working fluid of the vacuum pump is vaporized, and the vacuum pump can cause serious deficiency of the output of the vacuum pump due to the fact that gas generated by the vaporization of the sucked working fluid occupies the suction amount of the vacuum pump. The environmental temperature in winter is low, the vacuum reaching value of a condenser of a wet cooling unit is generally lower than 3-4 kPa, and particularly for a heating unit, the heat load of the condenser is greatly reduced due to a large amount of heating, air extraction and heat supply; for a unit which is transformed and operated by adopting a low-pressure cylinder cutting technology, the low-pressure cylinder has no heat load except for a very small amount of steam for cooling a low-pressure rotor, the vacuum of a condenser is lower, and for example, the vacuum reaching value of a northern seawater cooling unit is only 1-2 kPa. However, due to the limit of the limit suction pressure of a water ring vacuum pump or an air extractor which is configured conventionally, air leaking into the condenser cannot be completely extracted, oxygen is dissolved in condensed water, and the dissolved oxygen of the condensed water is increased, wherein the dissolved oxygen of some condensed water reaches more than 50ug/L and is greatly higher than the standards of 30ug/L of a subcritical unit and 20ug/L of a supercritical unit.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for reducing condensed water-soluble oxygen based on a dry screw pump, so as to solve the problem that non-condensable gas of a condenser cannot be completely pumped out due to the influence of extreme vacuum factors of a water ring pump, thereby effectively reducing the dissolved oxygen of the condensed water and improving the economical efficiency and the safety of unit operation.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows.
A method for reducing condensed water-soluble oxygen based on a dry-type screw pump is used for selecting the dry-type screw pump with proper power when the limit pumping capacity of a water ring pump exists in a vacuumizing system of a condenser of a power plant, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, determining the minimum vacuum answer value P of the unit by counting the parameters of the power plant1And comparing P1The value of the evacuation equipment;
s2, if P1If the value is smaller than the value of the vacuum pumping equipment, namely limit of limit pumping capacity of the water ring pump exists, counting the vacuum tightness condition of the unit during operation, calculating the quantity of non-condensable gas leaked into a vacuum system, and determining the quality Q of the pumped air;
s3, calculating the air pumping speed V of the vacuum pumping system according to the quality Q of the pumped dry air, the limit vacuum condition of the unit, the total condensing capacity of the condenser, the opening number of the condenser and the temperature of cooling water;
s4, selecting the model of the dry screw pump according to the air pumping speed V of the vacuum pumping system;
s5, determining the maximum air suction rate and the configuration power N of the dry screw pump according to the model of the dry screw pump set;
s6, arranging dry screw pumps in parallel in the original vacuum-pumping equipment of the power plant, establishing vacuum in the original vacuum-pumping equipment when the unit is started, and switching to the dry screw pumps to operate after normal operation.
Further optimizing the technical scheme, the power plant parameters in the step S1 include the lowest air temperature of the power plant, the cooling temperature of the unit circulating water, the comprehensive circulating water quantity, the unit load and the cleaning condition of the cooling condenser tube bundle.
In a further optimized technical solution, the value of the vacuum pumping device in the step S1 includes the ultimate vacuum P of the water ring vacuum pump0。
Further optimizing the technical scheme, in the step S2, the vacuum tightness status of the running unit is counted, a statistical average value of the last year is selected, and data of the vacuum tightness poor, which is caused by accidental factors and can be recovered by running measures, is eliminated.
In the step S5, the power of the configuration motor of the dry-type screw pump is one type greater than the configuration power N of the dry-type screw pump, and the motor is a variable-frequency speed-regulating motor.
In the step S5, the rotor of the dry screw pump is a multi-lead variable pitch screw rotor, and the end of the rotor is sealed by a self-suction seal without abrasion and leakage.
In the step S6, the dry screw pump is provided with an air intake vacuum hand valve, a pneumatic quick closing valve and a quick check valve which are connected with the original vacuum pumping pipeline through pipelines.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the technical progress of the invention is as follows.
The method for reducing condensed water-soluble oxygen based on the dry screw pump can judge whether the limit of the limit pumping capacity of a water ring pump exists in a vacuum pumping system of a condenser of a power plant, if the limit exists, the dry screw pump with proper power is selected, and non-condensed gas in the vacuum pumping system of the condenser of the power plant is timely pumped out by utilizing the operating characteristic of high limit vacuum degree, so that the dissolved oxygen of the condensed water can be obviously reduced, the dissolved oxygen of the condensed water is controlled to be below 8ug/L, the serious oxygen corrosion of equipment of a regenerative system is avoided, and the service life of a unit, and the economical efficiency and the safety of operation are effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a process for reducing condensed water-soluble oxygen in a dry screw pump according to the present invention;
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, in which it is to be understood that the embodiments described are merely illustrative of some, but not all embodiments of the invention.
A method for reducing condensed water-soluble oxygen based on a dry-type screw pump is disclosed, which is combined with the method shown in figure 1, and is used for selecting the dry-type screw pump with proper power when the limit pumping capacity of a water ring pump exists in a vacuum pumping system of a condenser of a power plant, and comprises the steps of judging whether the limit pumping capacity exists, determining the quality of pumped air, calculating the pumping speed of the vacuum pumping system, selecting the type of the dry-type screw pump, determining the configuration power of the dry-type screw pump, setting and operating the dry-type screw pump, and the specific steps are as follows:
s1, determining the minimum vacuum value P of the unit by counting the lowest air temperature of the power plant, the cooling temperature of the circulating water of the unit, the comprehensive circulating water quantity, the load of the unit and the cleaning condition of a cooling condenser pipe bundle1And comparing P1If the value is lower than the value of the vacuum-pumping equipment, namely the minimum vacuum value P of the comparison unit1Whether or not it is lower than the ultimate vacuum P of the water ring vacuum pump given in the apparatus description0。
S2, minimum vacuum value P of unit1Lower than the ultimate vacuum P of the water ring vacuum pump0In the process, the situation that non-condensable gas cannot be completely pumped out due to insufficient limit pumping capacity of a water ring pump exists in a certain operation period of a condenser vacuum pumping system of the generator set is explained, and the improvement of a method for reducing condensed water-soluble oxygen based on a dry screw pump is needed. Eliminating the data of poor vacuum tightness caused by accidental factors and recoverable by operation taking measures, taking the data as the basis of design reference, counting the average value of the vacuum tightness conditions counted during the operation of the unit for one year, and calculating the true vacuum tightnessAnd (4) checking the HEI standard method to determine the quality Q of the air to be dried by the aid of the quantity of non-condensable gas leaked into the empty system.
And S3, calculating the air extraction volume flow according to the quality Q of the extracted dry air, the limit vacuum condition of the unit, the total steam condensation quantity of the condenser, the opening number of the condenser and the temperature of cooling water, and converting the air extraction volume flow into the air extraction speed V of the vacuum-pumping system. The designed air exhaust volume flow of the condenser vacuum pumping system is the total volume flow of a gas-steam mixture corresponding to the designed air exhaust volume of the condenser under the designed air exhaust pressure and the designed air exhaust temperature of the vacuum pump. The mass flow of the steam carried by the air extraction is equal to the ratio of the volume flow of the air extraction to the specific volume of the saturated steam corresponding to the partial pressure of the steam carried.
S4, selecting the type of the dry screw pump according to the air pumping speed V of the vacuum pumping system, wherein the rotor of the dry screw pump adopts a multi-lead variable-pitch screw rotor, and the end part of the rotor is sealed by a self-suction seal without abrasion and leakage, so that the emulsification of bearing lubricating oil can be avoided, and the service life is prolonged.
S5, determining the maximum air suction rate according to the type of the dry screw pump set, selecting the configuration power N of the dry screw pump, and selecting a variable frequency speed regulation type motor with the type larger than the configuration power of the dry screw pump.
S6, transforming a condenser vacuumizing system, arranging dry screw pumps in parallel on original vacuumizing equipment of a power plant, wherein each dry screw pump is provided with an air inlet vacuum manual valve, a pneumatic quick closing valve and a quick check valve which are connected with an original vacuumizing pipeline through pipelines; when the unit is started, the original vacuum-pumping equipment is vacuumized, and the unit is switched to a dry-type screw pump to operate after normal operation.
The dry screw pump is a working chamber consisting of a pair of parallel variable pitch molded line spiral rotors and a pump body, wherein the rotors and the pump body have no friction and keep a certain gap, a sealing cavity is formed between the two rotors and the pump body, and gas in the sealing cavity is continuously extruded to an exhaust port to be exhausted when the rotors rotate; the variable pitch type wire spiral has higher efficiency, more remarkable energy saving, higher temperature and lower noise. Because the screw rotor cavity does not need oil lubrication or water sealing, the limit suction capacity is irrelevant to the temperature of sealing water, the limit vacuum degree can be up to several pascals, the dissolved oxygen in condensed water can be kept to be low, and the screw rotor cavity has important significance for the safe and economic operation of a unit.