CN112063901A - High-strength wear-resistant self-lubricating bearing high-temperature composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength wear-resistant self-lubricating bearing high-temperature composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112063901A CN112063901A CN202010943268.4A CN202010943268A CN112063901A CN 112063901 A CN112063901 A CN 112063901A CN 202010943268 A CN202010943268 A CN 202010943268A CN 112063901 A CN112063901 A CN 112063901A
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- composite material
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
- C22C21/14—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with silicon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/1003—Use of special medium during sintering, e.g. sintering aid
- B22F3/1007—Atmosphere
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/22—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces for producing castings from a slip
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0052—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-temperature self-lubricating composite material, in particular to a high-strength wear-resistant self-lubricating bearing high-temperature composite material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following process measures: al, Ti, Ni and Cu are used for forming a blank material in a molten state, SiC ceramic, Cr and W powder are added into the blank material, and the blank material is pressed and formed by a semi-solid casting process, so that the casting process is simplified, the energy consumption is reduced, the labor condition is improved, and the solidification speed is high, and the production rate is high; and improving the mechanical property of the casting, and sintering the formed blank to finish the processing. The high-strength wear-resistant self-lubricating bearing high-temperature composite material and the preparation method thereof have the advantages of lower production cost, longer service life, smaller friction coefficient and wear rate, stronger wear resistance, capability of still keeping good self-lubricating performance at high temperature, and wide engineering application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-temperature self-lubricating composite materials, in particular to a high-strength wear-resistant self-lubricating bearing high-temperature composite material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the development of aerospace science and technology, under extreme working conditions such as high temperature, high speed, heavy load, high vacuum and the like, higher requirements are provided for improving the lubricating property, the service life and the safety performance of important parts. Under extreme service conditions such as high temperature, common materials cannot meet the requirements of rigidity, strength, wear resistance and the like, and especially lubricating oil and lubricating grease lose lubricating characteristics due to dilution and even volatilization at high temperature and cannot meet the actual use requirements. Research and development of high-temperature, high-strength and high-wear-resistance self-lubricating composite materials to meet working requirements in the fields of aviation, aerospace and the like requiring self-lubrication have become hot spots of research in the field of tribology in recent years. Therefore, the high-temperature self-lubricating oil has the advantages of lower design and production cost, longer service life, smaller friction coefficient and wear rate, stronger wear resistance, capability of still keeping good self-lubricating performance at high temperature and wide engineering application prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
This section is for the purpose of summarizing some aspects of embodiments of the invention and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. In this section, as well as in the abstract and the title of the invention of this application, simplifications or omissions may be made to avoid obscuring the purpose of the section, the abstract and the title, and such simplifications or omissions are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Therefore, the invention aims to provide the high-temperature composite material for the high-strength wear-resistant self-lubricating bearing and the preparation method thereof, which have the advantages of lower production cost, longer service life, smaller friction coefficient and wear rate, stronger wear resistance, capability of still keeping good self-lubricating performance at high temperature and wide engineering application prospect.
To solve the above technical problem, according to an aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the high-strength wear-resistant self-lubricating bearing high-temperature composite material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-70% of Al, 1-5% of Ti, 1-35% of Ni, 10-30% of Cu, 5-20% of SiC ceramic, 1-30% of Cr and 5-10% of W.
The preparation method of the high-temperature composite material of the high-strength wear-resistant self-lubricating bearing comprises the following technical measures:
s1: taking Al, Ti, Ni and Cu as powder in corresponding weight parts;
s2: putting the powder into a gold melting furnace with a vacuum device, keeping the vacuum state, slowly heating to a heating and melting temperature to enable the powder in the gold melting furnace to be in a molten state;
s3: taking out the blank material in a molten state, adding SiC ceramic, Cr and W powder into the blank material, and placing the blank material into an air cooling device to reduce the temperature of the blank material and strongly stir the blank material;
s4: placing the cooled blank material into a die assembly, and molding the blank material through a die to obtain a molded blank;
s5: and (3) placing the formed blank into inert gas for sintering, cooling at room temperature, and taking out the sintered composite material.
As the preferred scheme of the high-strength wear-resistant self-lubricating bearing high-temperature composite material and the preparation method thereof, the high-strength wear-resistant self-lubricating bearing high-temperature composite material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the composite material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: al 70%, Ti 3%, Ni 4%, Cu 10%, SiC ceramic 5%, Cr 3% and W5%.
As the preferred scheme of the high-strength wear-resistant self-lubricating bearing high-temperature composite material and the preparation method thereof, the high-strength wear-resistant self-lubricating bearing high-temperature composite material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the composite material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: al 50%, Ti 5%, Ni 5%, Cu 10%, SiC ceramic 10%, Cr 10% and W10%.
As the preferred scheme of the high-strength wear-resistant self-lubricating bearing high-temperature composite material and the preparation method thereof, the high-strength wear-resistant self-lubricating bearing high-temperature composite material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the composite material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: al 53%, Ti 5%, Ni 1%, Cu 30%, SiC ceramic 5%, Cr 1% and W5%.
As the preferred scheme of the high-strength wear-resistant self-lubricating bearing high-temperature composite material and the preparation method thereof, the high-strength wear-resistant self-lubricating bearing high-temperature composite material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: in the step S2, the melting temperature is 1500-1700 ℃, and the melting temperature is 60-80 min.
As the preferable scheme of the preparation method of the high-strength wear-resistant self-lubricating bearing high-temperature composite material, the preparation method comprises the following steps: and in the step S3, the blank presents a semi-solid state after being cooled.
As the preferable scheme of the preparation method of the high-strength wear-resistant self-lubricating bearing high-temperature composite material, the preparation method comprises the following steps: the inert gas in step S5 is one of helium, nitrogen and argon.
As the preferable scheme of the preparation method of the high-strength wear-resistant self-lubricating bearing high-temperature composite material, the preparation method comprises the following steps: the sintering in the step S5 is carried out at 1600-1800 ℃ for 1-3 hours.
Compared with the prior art: al, Ti, Ni and Cu are used for forming a blank material in a molten state, SiC ceramic, Cr and W powder are added into the blank material, and the blank material is pressed and formed by a semi-solid casting process, so that the casting process is simplified, the energy consumption is reduced, the labor condition is improved, and the solidification speed is high, and the production rate is high; the high-strength wear-resistant self-lubricating bearing high-temperature composite material and the preparation method thereof have the advantages of lower production cost, longer service life, smaller friction coefficient and wear rate, stronger wear resistance, capability of still keeping good self-lubricating performance at high temperature, and wide engineering application prospect.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments in order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the invention more comprehensible.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the present invention may be practiced without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Example 1
S1: taking out Al 70%, Ti 3%, Ni 4% and Cu 10% powder in parts by weight;
s2: placing the powder into a gold melting furnace with a vacuum device, keeping the vacuum state, slowly heating the gold melting furnace to a melting temperature of 1700 ℃ for 80min to ensure that the powder in the gold melting furnace is in a melting state;
s3: the molten green material was taken out, and powders of SiC ceramic 5%, Cr 3% and W5% were added to the green material, which was then placed in an air-cooling apparatus to reduce the temperature of the green material and vigorously stir it. Making the blank material present a semi-solid state;
s4: placing the cooled blank material into a die assembly, and molding the blank material through a die to obtain a molded blank;
s5: and (3) sintering the formed blank in helium for 3 hours at 1800 ℃, cooling at room temperature, and taking out the sintered composite material to obtain the material with the friction coefficient of 0.007 with Al.
Example 2
S1: taking out Al 50%, Ti 5%, Ni 5% and Cu 10% powder in parts by weight;
s2: placing the powder into a gold melting furnace with a vacuum device, keeping the vacuum state, slowly heating for 60min to 1500 ℃ to melt the powder in the gold melting furnace;
s3: the molten green material was taken out, and powders of SiC ceramic 10%, Cr 10% and W10% were added to the green material, which was then placed in an air-cooling apparatus to reduce the temperature of the green material and vigorously stir it. Making the blank material present a semi-solid state;
s4: placing the cooled blank material into a die assembly, and molding the blank material through a die to obtain a molded blank;
s5: and (3) placing the formed blank into argon gas for sintering for 1 hour, enabling the sintering temperature to reach 1800 ℃, cooling at room temperature, and taking out the sintered composite material to obtain the material with the friction coefficient of 0.01 with Al.
Example 3
S1: taking out Al 53%, Ti 5%, Ni 1% and Cu 30% powder in parts by weight;
s2: placing the powder into a gold melting furnace with a vacuum device, keeping the vacuum state, slowly heating for 80min to 1500 ℃ to melt the powder in the gold melting furnace;
s3: the molten green material was taken out, and powders of SiC ceramic 5%, Cr 1% and W5% were added to the green material, which was then placed in an air-cooling apparatus to reduce the temperature of the green material and vigorously stir it. Making the blank material present a semi-solid state;
s4: placing the cooled blank material into a die assembly, and molding the blank material through a die to obtain a molded blank;
s5: and (3) sintering the formed blank in nitrogen for 1 hour, enabling the sintering temperature to reach 1600 ℃, cooling at room temperature, and taking out the sintered composite material to obtain the material with the friction coefficient of 0.03 with Al.
The high-strength wear-resistant self-lubricating bearing high-temperature composite material and the preparation method thereof have the advantages of lower production cost, longer service life, smaller friction coefficient and wear rate, stronger wear resistance, capability of still keeping good self-lubricating performance at high temperature, and wide engineering application prospect.
| Species of | Al | Ti | Ni | Cu | SiC ceramics | Cr | W |
| Example 1 | 70％ | 3％ | 4％ | 10％ | 5％ | 3％ | 5％ |
| Example 2 | 50％ | 5％ | 5％ | 10％ | 10％ | 10％ | 10％ |
| Example 3 | 53％ | 5％ | 1％ | 30％ | 5％ | 1％ | 70％ |
While the invention has been described above with reference to an embodiment, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the various features of the disclosed embodiments of the invention may be used in any combination, provided that no structural conflict exists, and the combinations are not exhaustively described in this specification merely for the sake of brevity and resource conservation. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The high-strength wear-resistant self-lubricating bearing high-temperature composite material is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-70% of Al, 1-5% of Ti, 1-35% of Ni, 10-30% of Cu, 5-20% of SiC ceramic, 1-30% of Cr and 5-10% of W.
2. The preparation method of the high-temperature composite material of the high-strength wear-resistant self-lubricating bearing is characterized by comprising the following technical measures:
s1: taking Al, Ti, Ni and Cu as powder in corresponding weight parts;
s2: putting the powder into a gold melting furnace with a vacuum device, keeping the vacuum state, slowly heating to a heating and melting temperature to enable the powder in the gold melting furnace to be in a molten state;
s3: taking out the blank material in a molten state, adding SiC ceramic, Cr and W powder into the blank material, and placing the blank material into an air cooling device to reduce the temperature of the blank material and strongly stir the blank material;
s4: placing the cooled blank material into a die assembly, and molding the blank material through a die to obtain a molded blank;
s5: and (3) placing the formed blank into inert gas for sintering, cooling at room temperature, and taking out the sintered composite material.
3. The high-temperature composite material for the high-strength wear-resistant self-lubricating bearing as claimed in claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: al 70%, Ti 3%, Ni 4%, Cu 10%, SiC ceramic 5%, Cr 3% and W5%.
4. The high-temperature composite material for the high-strength wear-resistant self-lubricating bearing of claim 21, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: al 50%, Ti 5%, Ni 5%, Cu 10%, SiC ceramic 10%, Cr 10% and W10%.
5. The high-temperature composite material for the high-strength wear-resistant self-lubricating bearing as claimed in claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: al 53%, Ti 5%, Ni 1%, Cu 30%, SiC ceramic 5%, Cr 1% and W5%.
6. The method for preparing the high-temperature composite material of the high-strength wear-resistant self-lubricating bearing according to claim 2, wherein the melting temperature in step S2 is 1500-1700 ℃ and 60-80 min.
7. The method for preparing a high-temperature composite material of a high-strength wear-resistant self-lubricating bearing according to claim 2, wherein the blank is semi-solid after being cooled in step S3.
8. The method for preparing a high-temperature composite material of a high-strength wear-resistant self-lubricating bearing according to claim 2, wherein the inert gas in step S5 is one of helium, nitrogen and argon.
9. The method for preparing a high-temperature composite material for a high-strength wear-resistant self-lubricating bearing according to claim 2, wherein the sintering in step S5 is 1600-1800 ℃ for 1-3 hours.
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