CN112059566A - Preparation process of automobile shaft - Google Patents
Preparation process of automobile shaft Download PDFInfo
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- CN112059566A CN112059566A CN202010958220.0A CN202010958220A CN112059566A CN 112059566 A CN112059566 A CN 112059566A CN 202010958220 A CN202010958220 A CN 202010958220A CN 112059566 A CN112059566 A CN 112059566A
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- transmission shaft
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- tempering
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011418 maintenance treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000034656 Contusions Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000034526 bruise Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- IHBCFWWEZXPPLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ca].[Zn] Chemical compound [Ca].[Zn] IHBCFWWEZXPPLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000001161 mammalian embryo Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002257 embryonic structure Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009347 mechanical transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/14—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass gear parts, e.g. gear wheels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/16—Both compacting and sintering in successive or repeated steps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/06—Surface hardening
- C21D1/09—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/06—Surface hardening
- C21D1/09—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation
- C21D1/10—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation by electric induction
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/28—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for plain shafts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F2003/241—Chemical after-treatment on the surface
- B22F2003/242—Coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F2003/248—Thermal after-treatment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation process of an automobile shaft, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: mixing materials, namely uniformly mixing the metallurgical iron-based powder, the lubricant and the forming agent in a stirrer according to a ratio, and performing the step two: pressing, namely putting the obtained mixed material into a pressing machine to be pressed into a transmission shaft blank, and performing the third step: forging materials, and putting the obtained transmission shaft blank into a high-temperature furnace for calcination, wherein the step four is as follows: and (4) performing heat treatment, namely delivering the transmission shaft blank into a high-temperature furnace at the temperature of 800-900 ℃, and calcining for 5-8 hours to prepare a crude blank. The method has the advantages of simple process, easy realization and high production efficiency, reduces the production cost, obtains the blank by means of heat treatment and hot forging, improves the processing efficiency, can effectively ensure the processing precision, improves the strength, hardness and wear resistance of the product, can greatly improve the production quality, and has the advantages of reasonable process, raw material saving, cost saving, simple operation, high production efficiency, high product qualification rate and high product surface hardness.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile parts, in particular to a preparation process of an automobile shaft.
Background
An automobile is defined as follows: the non-rail-bearing vehicle is driven by power and provided with 4 or more than 4 wheels, is mainly used for carrying people and goods and towing the vehicles for carrying the people and the goods, and has special application, the vehicles are divided into passenger vehicles and commercial vehicles, the passenger vehicles are mainly used for carrying passengers, carry-on luggage and temporary articles thereof on the aspects of design and technical characteristics of the passenger vehicles, including driver seats, the passenger vehicles are not more than 9 seats at most, the passenger vehicles are divided into the following 11 types of vehicles, and mainly comprise common passenger vehicles, movable top passenger vehicles, advanced passenger vehicles, small passenger vehicles, convertible vehicles, cabin back passenger vehicles, traveling vehicles, multipurpose passenger vehicles, short-head passenger vehicles, off-road passenger vehicles and special passenger vehicles, and the commercial vehicles are used for conveying the people and the goods on the aspects of design and technical characteristics, the tractor can be pulled, but the passenger car is not included, and the passenger car, the semi-trailer tractor and the truck are mainly used.
The transmission shaft is one of the parts in the automobile, is a common component in the mechanical transmission component, has very wide application, has higher requirements on the quality and the strength of the transmission shaft because the transmission shaft is a key component, has the function of power transmission when being connected with an engine transmission component and a wheel component in the automobile, has very high requirements on the transmission shaft of the automobile, can bear various external forces such as stretching, compression, bending, torsion or shearing and the like, is a rotating body with high rotating speed and less support, so the dynamic balance of the transmission shaft is crucial, the transmission shaft is a carrier of automobile transmission energy, the quality of the transmission shaft directly influences the service life of the automobile and the safety in the automobile driving process, the quality of the transmission shaft manufactured by the existing transmission shaft manufacturing process cannot be ensured, the manufacturing process is complex, and the qualified rate of the manufactured and formed parts is low, the investment of the production cost of enterprises is directly increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation process of an automobile shaft, which has the advantage of improving the production quality and solves the problems that the quality of a transmission shaft manufactured by the existing transmission shaft manufacturing process cannot be guaranteed, the preparation process is complex, the qualified rate of the prepared and molded parts is low, and the investment of enterprise production cost is directly increased.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a preparation process of an automobile shaft comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: mixing materials, namely uniformly mixing metallurgical iron-based powder, a lubricant and a forming agent in a stirrer according to a proportion;
step two: pressing, namely putting the obtained mixed material into a pressing machine to be pressed into a transmission shaft blank;
step three: forging materials, and putting the obtained transmission shaft blank into a high-temperature furnace for calcination;
step four: heat treatment, namely, delivering the transmission shaft blank into a high-temperature furnace at the temperature of 800-;
step five: placing the obtained transmission shaft blank into a phosphorization pool and a saponification pool for acid washing;
step six: rough machining, namely airing the transmission shaft blank, placing the transmission shaft blank on a lathe for rough turning, removing a large amount of allowance by rough turning, and reserving a machining allowance of 1-2 mm;
step seven: placing the rough-turned blank on a lathe for finish machining, and finish-turning the outer circle and the end face of the blank according to the size required by a drawing to form, wherein the surface roughness of the finish-turned product is Ra1.6;
step eight: quenching, quenching and tempering and surface hardening, namely putting the obtained transmission shaft into a tempering furnace for low-temperature tempering, then straightening the whole transmission shaft, and clamping the cleaned transmission shaft on a rotor of a machine tool for laser irradiation hardening;
step nine: performing rust prevention, namely grinding and forming the excircle which needs to be matched in the transmission shaft after being hardened in the step eight, and performing rust prevention treatment on the obtained finished product;
step ten: and (4) carrying out appearance detection and packaging on the finished product, and carrying out maintenance treatment on unqualified products.
Preferably, in the third step, the transmission shaft blank is placed in a high temperature furnace, nitrogen is filled in, preheating is carried out for 10-30min, the temperature is raised to 900-950 ℃ within 90-130min, and the temperature is lowered to 860 ℃ within 60-90min for heat preservation.
Preferably, in the fourth step, a temperature controller is used for detecting, the states of all the air-cooled and water-cooled pipes are inspected, finally, the blank is inspected, whether the blank has air holes, meat deficiency, cold shut, bruise and cracks is inspected, if the blank has the air holes, meat deficiency, cold shut, bruise and cracks, the thickness of the parting surface is inspected, the thickness is less than or equal to 0.1mm-0.4mm, and if the blank does not meet the requirements, the blank is reworked.
Preferably, in the fifth step, the crude embryo is sequentially immersed into a phosphorization tank and a saponification tank, wherein zinc-calcium phosphorization liquid with the volume concentration of 10-11% is used in the phosphorization tank, the temperature of the phosphorization liquid is 65-75 ℃, and the immersion time is 25-30 minutes.
Preferably, in the step ten, the qualified finished product is packaged by bagging and isolated by a partition plate to prevent collision.
Preferably, the thermal refining in the step eight is to heat the transmission shaft blank in a furnace to 840-860 ℃, preserve heat for 30-40 minutes, take the transmission shaft blank out of the furnace for oil quenching, perform high-temperature tempering at 550-650 ℃, preserve heat for 30-40 minutes to make the hardness of the transmission shaft blank reach HRC35-45, and take the workpiece out of the furnace for natural cooling.
Preferably, the quenching in the eighth step is surface high-frequency quenching, the frequency is 13000HZ, the heating temperature is 840-860 ℃, oil cooling is carried out, the tempering treatment is carried out after the high-frequency quenching, the tempering temperature is 190-200 ℃, the heat preservation is carried out for 20-30 minutes, and furnace cooling is carried out.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention has simple process, easy realization and low production cost, obtains the blank by heat treatment and hot forging, improves the processing efficiency, can effectively ensure the processing precision, improves the strength, hardness and wear resistance of the product, greatly improves the production quality, and has the advantages of reasonable process, raw material saving, cost saving, simple operation, high production efficiency, high product qualification rate, high product surface hardness, product hardness and rigidity improvement, product deformation reduction and good product forming quality.
2. The zinc-calcium phosphating solution with the volume concentration of 10-11% is adopted in the phosphating tank, the temperature of the phosphating solution is 65-75 ℃, the dipping time is 25-30 minutes, the hardness, the strength and the flexibility of the transmission shaft are improved, the tempering temperature of low-temperature tempering is 200 ℃, the strength and the hardness of the transmission shaft are improved, laser irradiation hardening is performed by irradiating the intersection angle of 78-85 degrees by using laser facing the part to be hardened of the annular surface of the rotating transmission shaft, when the temperature of the central point of a light spot of the annular surface of the transmission shaft reaches 1000-1200 ℃, after the irradiation is finished, the surface hardness of the transmission shaft is high, the deformation is less, and the product quality can be effectively improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A preparation process of an automobile shaft comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: mixing materials, namely uniformly mixing metallurgical iron-based powder, a lubricant and a forming agent in a stirrer according to a proportion;
step two: pressing, namely putting the obtained mixed material into a pressing machine to be pressed into a transmission shaft blank;
step three: forging materials, and putting the obtained transmission shaft blank into a high-temperature furnace for calcination;
step four: heat treatment, namely, delivering the transmission shaft blank into a high-temperature furnace at the temperature of 800-;
step five: placing the obtained transmission shaft blank into a phosphorization pool and a saponification pool for acid washing;
step six: rough machining, namely airing the transmission shaft blank, placing the transmission shaft blank on a lathe for rough turning, removing a large amount of allowance by rough turning, and reserving a machining allowance of 1-2 mm;
step seven: placing the rough-turned blank on a lathe for finish machining, and finish-turning the outer circle and the end face of the blank according to the size required by a drawing to form, wherein the surface roughness of the finish-turned product is Ra1.6;
step eight: quenching, quenching and tempering and surface hardening, namely putting the obtained transmission shaft into a tempering furnace for low-temperature tempering, then straightening the whole transmission shaft, and clamping the cleaned transmission shaft on a rotor of a machine tool for laser irradiation hardening;
step nine: performing rust prevention, namely grinding and forming the excircle which needs to be matched in the transmission shaft after being hardened in the step eight, and performing rust prevention treatment on the obtained finished product;
step ten: and (4) carrying out appearance detection and packaging on the finished product, and carrying out maintenance treatment on unqualified products.
The first embodiment is as follows:
mixing materials, uniformly mixing metallurgical iron-based powder, a lubricant and a forming agent in a stirrer according to a ratio, pressing, putting the obtained mixed material into a press to be pressed into a transmission shaft blank, forging the material, putting the obtained transmission shaft blank into a high-temperature furnace for calcining, carrying out heat treatment, sending the transmission shaft blank into a high-temperature furnace with the temperature of 800-: quenching, quenching and tempering and surface hardening, placing the obtained transmission shaft into a tempering furnace for low-temperature tempering, then straightening the whole transmission shaft, clamping the cleaned transmission shaft on a rotor of a machine tool for laser irradiation hardening, performing rust prevention, grinding and forming an excircle to be matched in the hardened transmission shaft in the step eight, performing rust prevention treatment on the obtained finished product, performing appearance detection and packaging on the finished product, and performing maintenance treatment on unqualified products.
Example two:
in example one, the following additional steps were added:
and step three, placing the transmission shaft blank in a high-temperature furnace, filling nitrogen, preheating for 10-30min, heating to 900-950 ℃ within 90-130min, and cooling to 860 ℃ within 60-90min for heat preservation.
Mixing materials, uniformly mixing metallurgical iron-based powder, a lubricant and a forming agent in a stirrer according to a ratio, pressing, putting the obtained mixed material into a press to be pressed into a transmission shaft blank, forging the material, putting the obtained transmission shaft blank into a high-temperature furnace for calcining, carrying out heat treatment, sending the transmission shaft blank into a high-temperature furnace with the temperature of 800-: quenching, quenching and tempering and surface hardening, placing the obtained transmission shaft into a tempering furnace for low-temperature tempering, then straightening the whole transmission shaft, clamping the cleaned transmission shaft on a rotor of a machine tool for laser irradiation hardening, performing rust prevention, grinding and forming an excircle to be matched in the hardened transmission shaft in the step eight, performing rust prevention treatment on the obtained finished product, performing appearance detection and packaging on the finished product, and performing maintenance treatment on unqualified products.
Example three:
in example two, the following additional steps were added:
and step four, detecting by using a temperature controller, inspecting the states of all air-cooled and water-cooled pipes, finally inspecting a blank, inspecting whether the blank has air holes, meat deficiency, cold shut, bruise and cracks, if the blank is scrapped, inspecting the thickness of a parting surface, wherein the thickness is less than or equal to 0.1-0.4 mm, and if the blank does not meet the requirements, reworking.
Mixing materials, uniformly mixing metallurgical iron-based powder, a lubricant and a forming agent in a stirrer according to a ratio, pressing, putting the obtained mixed material into a press to be pressed into a transmission shaft blank, forging the material, putting the obtained transmission shaft blank into a high-temperature furnace for calcining, carrying out heat treatment, sending the transmission shaft blank into a high-temperature furnace with the temperature of 800-: quenching, quenching and tempering and surface hardening, placing the obtained transmission shaft into a tempering furnace for low-temperature tempering, then straightening the whole transmission shaft, clamping the cleaned transmission shaft on a rotor of a machine tool for laser irradiation hardening, performing rust prevention, grinding and forming an excircle to be matched in the hardened transmission shaft in the step eight, performing rust prevention treatment on the obtained finished product, performing appearance detection and packaging on the finished product, and performing maintenance treatment on unqualified products.
Example four:
in example three, the following additional steps were added:
and step five, sequentially immersing the crude embryos into a phosphating tank and a saponification tank, wherein zinc-calcium phosphating solution with the volume concentration of 10-11% is used in the phosphating tank, the temperature of the phosphating solution is 65-75 ℃, and the immersion time is 25-30 minutes.
Mixing materials, uniformly mixing metallurgical iron-based powder, a lubricant and a forming agent in a stirrer according to a ratio, pressing, putting the obtained mixed material into a press to be pressed into a transmission shaft blank, forging the material, putting the obtained transmission shaft blank into a high-temperature furnace for calcining, carrying out heat treatment, sending the transmission shaft blank into a high-temperature furnace with the temperature of 800-: quenching, quenching and tempering and surface hardening, placing the obtained transmission shaft into a tempering furnace for low-temperature tempering, then straightening the whole transmission shaft, clamping the cleaned transmission shaft on a rotor of a machine tool for laser irradiation hardening, performing rust prevention, grinding and forming an excircle to be matched in the hardened transmission shaft in the step eight, performing rust prevention treatment on the obtained finished product, performing appearance detection and packaging on the finished product, and performing maintenance treatment on unqualified products.
Example five:
in example four, the following additional steps were added:
and step ten, packaging the qualified finished products, and isolating the qualified finished products by using a partition plate to prevent collision.
Mixing materials, uniformly mixing metallurgical iron-based powder, a lubricant and a forming agent in a stirrer according to a ratio, pressing, putting the obtained mixed material into a press to be pressed into a transmission shaft blank, forging the material, putting the obtained transmission shaft blank into a high-temperature furnace for calcining, carrying out heat treatment, sending the transmission shaft blank into a high-temperature furnace with the temperature of 800-: quenching, quenching and tempering and surface hardening, placing the obtained transmission shaft into a tempering furnace for low-temperature tempering, then straightening the whole transmission shaft, clamping the cleaned transmission shaft on a rotor of a machine tool for laser irradiation hardening, performing rust prevention, grinding and forming an excircle to be matched in the hardened transmission shaft in the step eight, performing rust prevention treatment on the obtained finished product, performing appearance detection and packaging on the finished product, and performing maintenance treatment on unqualified products.
Example six:
in example five, the following additional steps were added:
and step eight, the thermal refining treatment is specifically that when the transmission shaft blank is heated in a furnace to the temperature of 840-860 ℃, the temperature is preserved for 30-40 minutes, the transmission shaft blank is taken out of the furnace for oil quenching, then high-temperature tempering is carried out at the temperature of 550-650 ℃, the temperature is preserved for 30-40 minutes, the hardness reaches HRC35-45, and the workpiece is taken out of the furnace for natural cooling.
Mixing materials, uniformly mixing metallurgical iron-based powder, a lubricant and a forming agent in a stirrer according to a ratio, pressing, putting the obtained mixed material into a press to be pressed into a transmission shaft blank, forging the material, putting the obtained transmission shaft blank into a high-temperature furnace for calcining, carrying out heat treatment, sending the transmission shaft blank into a high-temperature furnace with the temperature of 800-: quenching, quenching and tempering and surface hardening, placing the obtained transmission shaft into a tempering furnace for low-temperature tempering, then straightening the whole transmission shaft, clamping the cleaned transmission shaft on a rotor of a machine tool for laser irradiation hardening, performing rust prevention, grinding and forming an excircle to be matched in the hardened transmission shaft in the step eight, performing rust prevention treatment on the obtained finished product, performing appearance detection and packaging on the finished product, and performing maintenance treatment on unqualified products.
Example seven:
in example six, the following additional steps were added:
and step eight, quenching is surface high-frequency quenching, the frequency is 13000HZ, the heating temperature is 840-860 ℃, oil cooling, tempering treatment after high-frequency quenching, the tempering temperature is 190-200 ℃, heat preservation is carried out for 20-30 minutes, and furnace cooling is carried out.
Mixing materials, uniformly mixing metallurgical iron-based powder, a lubricant and a forming agent in a stirrer according to a ratio, pressing, putting the obtained mixed material into a press to be pressed into a transmission shaft blank, forging the material, putting the obtained transmission shaft blank into a high-temperature furnace for calcining, carrying out heat treatment, sending the transmission shaft blank into a high-temperature furnace with the temperature of 800-: quenching, quenching and tempering and surface hardening, placing the obtained transmission shaft into a tempering furnace for low-temperature tempering, then straightening the whole transmission shaft, clamping the cleaned transmission shaft on a rotor of a machine tool for laser irradiation hardening, performing rust prevention, grinding and forming an excircle to be matched in the hardened transmission shaft in the step eight, performing rust prevention treatment on the obtained finished product, performing appearance detection and packaging on the finished product, and performing maintenance treatment on unqualified products.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. A preparation technology of an automobile shaft is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: mixing materials, namely uniformly mixing metallurgical iron-based powder, a lubricant and a forming agent in a stirrer according to a proportion;
step two: pressing, namely putting the obtained mixed material into a pressing machine to be pressed into a transmission shaft blank;
step three: forging materials, and putting the obtained transmission shaft blank into a high-temperature furnace for calcination;
step four: heat treatment, namely, delivering the transmission shaft blank into a high-temperature furnace at the temperature of 800-;
step five: placing the obtained transmission shaft blank into a phosphorization pool and a saponification pool for acid washing;
step six: rough machining, namely airing the transmission shaft blank, placing the transmission shaft blank on a lathe for rough turning, removing a large amount of allowance by rough turning, and reserving a machining allowance of 1-2 mm;
step seven: placing the rough-turned blank on a lathe for finish machining, and finish-turning the outer circle and the end face of the blank according to the size required by a drawing to form, wherein the surface roughness of the finish-turned product is Ra1.6;
step eight: quenching, quenching and tempering and surface hardening, namely putting the obtained transmission shaft into a tempering furnace for low-temperature tempering, then straightening the whole transmission shaft, and clamping the cleaned transmission shaft on a rotor of a machine tool for laser irradiation hardening;
step nine: performing rust prevention, namely grinding and forming the excircle which needs to be matched in the transmission shaft after being hardened in the step eight, and performing rust prevention treatment on the obtained finished product;
step ten: and (4) carrying out appearance detection and packaging on the finished product, and carrying out maintenance treatment on unqualified products.
2. The process for producing an automobile shaft according to claim 1, wherein: and in the third step, the transmission shaft blank is placed in a high-temperature furnace, nitrogen is filled in the furnace, the furnace is preheated for 10-30min, the temperature is raised to 900-950 ℃ within 90-130min, and the temperature is lowered to 860 ℃ within 60-90min for heat preservation.
3. The process for producing an automobile shaft according to claim 1, wherein: and in the fourth step, a temperature controller is used for detecting, the states of all the air-cooled and water-cooled pipes are inspected, finally, the blank is inspected, whether the blank has air holes, meat deficiency, cold shut, bruise and cracks is inspected, if the blank has the air holes, meat deficiency, cold shut, bruise and cracks, the thickness of the parting surface is inspected, the thickness is less than or equal to 0.1mm-0.4mm, and if the blank does not meet the requirements, the blank is reworked.
4. The process for producing an automobile shaft according to claim 1, wherein: and in the fifth step, the crude embryo is sequentially immersed into a phosphorization tank and a saponification tank, wherein zinc-calcium phosphorization liquid with the volume concentration of 10-11% is used in the phosphorization tank, the temperature of the phosphorization liquid is 65-75 ℃, and the immersion time is 25-30 minutes.
5. The process for producing an automobile shaft according to claim 1, wherein: and step ten, packaging the qualified finished products, and isolating the qualified finished products by using a partition plate to prevent collision.
6. The process for producing an automobile shaft according to claim 1, wherein: and the thermal refining in the step eight is to heat the transmission shaft blank in a furnace to 840-860 ℃, preserve heat for 30-40 minutes, discharge the transmission shaft blank from the furnace for oil quenching, perform high-temperature tempering at 550-650 ℃, preserve heat for 30-40 minutes to enable the hardness to reach HRC35-45, and discharge the workpiece from the furnace for natural cooling.
7. The process for producing an automobile shaft according to claim 1, wherein: and step eight, quenching is surface high-frequency quenching, the frequency is 13000HZ, the heating temperature is 840-860 ℃, oil cooling, tempering treatment is carried out after high-frequency quenching, the tempering temperature is 190-200 ℃, heat preservation is carried out for 20-30 minutes, and furnace cooling is carried out.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010958220.0A CN112059566A (en) | 2020-09-14 | 2020-09-14 | Preparation process of automobile shaft |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010958220.0A CN112059566A (en) | 2020-09-14 | 2020-09-14 | Preparation process of automobile shaft |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112059566A true CN112059566A (en) | 2020-12-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010958220.0A Pending CN112059566A (en) | 2020-09-14 | 2020-09-14 | Preparation process of automobile shaft |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112059566A (en) |
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2020
- 2020-09-14 CN CN202010958220.0A patent/CN112059566A/en active Pending
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Application publication date: 20201211 |