CN112053032A - Micro-grid reliability evaluation method based on load change - Google Patents
Micro-grid reliability evaluation method based on load change Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a micro-grid reliability evaluation method based on load change, which comprises the following steps: step S1: acquiring a micro-grid load range, carrying out region division, and calculating according to the power shortage influence factor and the electric distance to obtain a weight of a load point and a weight of a load region; step S2: traversing faults, judging whether island faults are formed or not, if so, turning to the step S4, and if not, turning to the step S3; step S3: evaluating a non-island fault area by a bidirectional search method to obtain a reliability index of a load point; step S4: obtaining an island fault area, sequencing redundant load points according to the weight of the load points and the weight of the load area, and calculating the load power loss rate of the load points; step S5: and obtaining the reliability index of the power distribution network system, and calculating to obtain the reliability of the micro-grid by combining the reliability index of the internal load point and the load power loss rate. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages of improving the accuracy of the reliability evaluation result, shortening the evaluation time and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power system reliability evaluation, in particular to a micro-grid reliability evaluation method based on load change.
Background
With the rise of new energy, clean renewable energy sources such as wind power, photovoltaic and other distributed power sources and a microgrid consisting of energy storage equipment enter a high-speed development stage. Wind power and photovoltaic output have randomness and volatility, and threat is brought to power supply reliability. Therefore, the traditional reliability assessment method fails under the current condition, and the method for rapidly assessing the reliability of the microgrid is particularly important. In the prior art, the reliability evaluation of new energy is from source to load, the random fluctuation of the distributed power supply is solved in multiple scenes, and the reliability evaluation has the defect of inaccuracy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a microgrid reliability evaluation method based on load change, wherein the power supply reliability is reversely calculated from a load to a source based on the load change, so that the reliability obtained by calculation is more accurate and faster, and the reliability of the microgrid at different periods is evaluated.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a micro-grid reliability evaluation method based on load change specifically comprises the following steps:
step S1: acquiring a load range of a microgrid, performing region division according to the load range of the microgrid, and calculating according to a power shortage influence factor and an electrical distance to obtain a weight of a load point and a weight of a load region;
step S2: performing fault traversal on the micro-grid load range to obtain a fault influence range, judging whether an island fault is formed or not according to the fault influence range, if so, turning to the step S4, and otherwise, turning to the step S3;
step S3: evaluating the power supply reliability of a power distribution network in a non-island fault area by a bidirectional search method to obtain a reliability index of the load point in the area;
step S4: obtaining an island fault area of the island fault, sequencing redundant load points in the island fault area according to the weight of the load points and the distribution of the weight of the load area, and calculating the load power loss rate of the load points in the island fault area;
step S5: and obtaining a reliability index of the power distribution network system, and calculating to obtain the reliability of the micro-grid by combining the reliability index of the load point in the non-island fault area and the load loss rate of the load point in the island fault area.
The load points are divided according to switching devices.
Further, the load points connected with the switching devices are set as independent load points, and all the load points not connected with the switching devices are combined into a single load point.
The load area is divided according to a power distribution main line.
Furthermore, the load areas are connected with the power distribution main line through the circuit breaker, and the load areas are not affected with each other.
The load power loss rate of the load point is specifically the cut-off probability of the load point.
Further, step S1 includes acquiring basic parameters and operating parameters of the fan.
And further, calculating the wind speed and the output of the fan according to the basic parameters and the operation parameters of the fan.
Further, the probability of cutting off the load points specifically refers to the probability of sorting redundant loads when the total load in the load range is greater than the maximum output of the fan, and cutting off the load points according to the sorting.
And the reliability index of the power distribution network system is obtained by calculation according to the average power loss rate, the average outage duration and the annual average outage time of the load points.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the method, the weight of a load point and the weight of a load area are calculated according to the power shortage influence factor and the electrical distance, faults are traversed and divided into an island fault area and a non-island fault area, the power supply reliability of the power distribution network is rapidly evaluated for the non-island fault area through a two-way search method, the island fault area is sorted according to the area weight and the load weight, the probability that the load point is cut off from the load to the source is calculated as the load loss rate, the reliability of the micro-grid is evaluated by combining the reliability of the island fault area and the reliability of the non-island fault area, the accuracy of a reliability evaluation result is improved, and the evaluation time is shortened.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of reliability evaluation of an island fault area according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a microgrid in an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1-a first load zone; 2-a second load region; 3-a third load zone; 4-a fourth load zone; 5-fifth load zone; 6-sixth load zone; 7-a wind farm; 8-tie switch; 9-a standby power supply; 10-circuit breaker.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for evaluating reliability of a microgrid based on load variation specifically includes the following steps:
step S1: acquiring a load range of a microgrid, performing region division according to the load range of the microgrid, and calculating according to the power shortage influence factor and the electrical distance to obtain a weight of a load point and a weight of a load region;
step S2: traversing faults in the load range of the micro-grid to obtain a fault influence range, judging whether an island fault is formed according to the fault influence range, if so, turning to the step S4, and if not, turning to the step S3;
step S3: evaluating the power supply reliability of a power distribution network in a non-island fault area by a bidirectional search method to obtain a reliability index of a load point in the area;
step S4: obtaining an island fault area of an island fault, sequencing redundant load points in the island fault area according to the weight of the load points and the distribution of the weight of the load area, and calculating the load power loss rate of the load points in the island fault area;
step S5: and obtaining a reliability index of the power distribution network system, and calculating to obtain the reliability of the micro-grid by combining the reliability index of the load point in the non-island fault area and the load loss rate of the load point in the island fault area.
The load points are divided according to the switching devices.
The load points connected with the switching devices are set as independent load points, and all the load points not connected with the switching devices are combined into a single load point.
The load area is divided according to the power distribution main line.
The load areas are connected with a power distribution main line through a breaker 10, and the load areas are not affected with each other.
The load loss rate of the load point is specifically the cut-off probability of the load point.
Step S1 further includes acquiring basic parameters and operating parameters of the fan.
And calculating the wind speed and the output of the fan according to the basic parameters and the operation parameters of the fan.
The probability of cutting off the load points specifically refers to the probability of sorting redundant loads when the total load in the load range is greater than the maximum output of the fan and cutting off the load points according to the sorting.
And the reliability index of the power distribution network system is calculated according to the average power loss rate, the average outage duration and the annual average outage time of the load points.
Example one
As shown in fig. 3, the load range of the microgrid is divided into 6 load regions, namely, a first load region 1, a second load region 2, a third load region 3, a fourth load region 4, a fifth load region 5 and a sixth load region 6, according to the power shortage influence factor and the electrical distance, wherein each load region is provided with a load point, the load regions are connected with a power distribution main line through a circuit breaker 10, and the power distribution main line is connected with a standby power supply 9 through a communication switch 8.
The forward search of the bidirectional search method in step S3 is specifically performed from the power supply node to the minimum path set of the load points, and the minimum path set is used as the main line for expansion search, and the circuit breaker is cut off until the set of each load point is searched, which is specifically as follows:
Lload=Li-s∪Li-min-Li-s∩Lf
wherein L isloadSet of load points, L, for an island fault areai-minIs the minimum set of paths from power node to load point, Li-sIs a set of load points, LfAnd the minimum path set from the grid-connected node to the power supply node of the wind power plant 7.
The grid-connected node is used as a secondary power supply node, forward searching is carried out on the secondary power supply node to each minimum load path set and reverse searching is carried out on the line set with corresponding influence of each load point, the forward searching is carried out on the line set from the secondary power supply node to each minimum load path set, the reverse searching is carried out on the line set with corresponding influence of each load point, firstly, the upward searching is carried out from the intersection point of the connection of a radiation structure unit starting from the power supply point and a standby power supply to the power supply point and the connection end step by step, the passing node is marked, upward searching is carried out from each load point of:
Lexp-n=Lmin-n∪Lx-n
Lcut-n=Ls-n-(Ls-n∩Lexp-n)
Lspa-n=Lmin-n-(Lmin-n∩Lx-n)
rn=Un/λn
wherein λ isnIs the load equivalent failure rate, rnTo equivalent time to failure, g (l)i) For the line in the set liThe length of the first and second support members,is a line section liFailure rate of (A)LIs the failure rate of the line, rfix(li) Is a line section liEquivalent fault repair time of rcut(li) Is a line section liIsolation time after failure, Ls-nFor line sets having an effect on the load point, Lx-nFor sets of lines, Lexp-n、Lcut-nAnd Lspa-nIs a process variable.
As shown in fig. 2, when the total load of the fault area forming the island is compared with the maximum output of the wind power plant, at least P is cut offload-PFmaxThe load amount of (2). And (4) according to the calculated area weight value, cutting the load according to the principle of firstly cutting the area and then cutting the load point, namely cutting the load of the whole area when the load needing to be cut is larger than the total load value of a certain area, and judging whether the connection is available or not and connecting the area. If the interconnection transfer capacity is allowed, switching the state of the interconnection switch, wherein the power loss rate of the removed load is equal to the island formation rate, and the outage time is equal to the switching time of the interconnection switch; if there is no connection, the down time is equal to the failover time. When the load to be removed is smaller than the total load value of the area, the load is removed from far to near according to the electrical distance of the load point, and the outage time for removing the load is equal to the fault repair time.
The relationship between the output power of the fan and the wind speed is as follows:
PF=g(PN,v)
wherein, PFIs the output power of the fan, v is the wind speed, PNRated output of the fan.
The load point in the island fault range is in stable operation, and the relation between the load in the island and the fan output is as follows:
Pload<PF
the wind speed density distribution is fitted and then subjected to Weibull distribution, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
f(v)=f(k,c,v)
wherein f (v) is wind speed density distribution, v is actually measured wind speed, c is scale parameter of Weibull distribution, and k is shape parameter of Weibull distribution.
Obtaining the density distribution of the output power of the fan according to the output power and the wind speed density distribution of the fan, which is as follows:
f(PF)=f(k,c,PF)
and (3) cutting off redundant load after forming an island, specifically as follows:
Pc=Pload-PFmax
wherein, PcFor excess load, PloadFor the total load in the area of island fault, PFmaxThe maximum output power of the fan.
The redundant loads are distributed from large to small according to the region weight and the load point weight, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
wherein L ispIs a load point in an island fault area, anThe load size of the corresponding load point.
The calculation formula of the probability of the load point in the island fault area being cut off is specifically as follows:
wherein, PLPmN is L as the probability of the load point being cut offpmPosition in the load weight, LpmAre the corresponding load points in the microgrid.
In addition, it should be noted that the specific embodiments described in the present specification may have different names, and the above descriptions in the present specification are only illustrations of the structures of the present invention. All equivalent or simple changes in the structure, characteristics and principles of the invention are included in the protection scope of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or methods may be similarly employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appending claims.
Claims (10)
1. A microgrid reliability evaluation method based on load change is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: acquiring a load range of a microgrid, performing region division according to the load range of the microgrid, and calculating according to a power shortage influence factor and an electrical distance to obtain a weight of a load point and a weight of a load region;
step S2: performing fault traversal on the micro-grid load range to obtain a fault influence range, judging whether an island fault is formed or not according to the fault influence range, if so, turning to the step S4, and otherwise, turning to the step S3;
step S3: evaluating the power supply reliability of a power distribution network in a non-island fault area by a bidirectional search method to obtain a reliability index of the load point in the area;
step S4: obtaining an island fault area of the island fault, sequencing redundant load points in the island fault area according to the weight of the load points and the distribution of the weight of the load area, and calculating the load power loss rate of the load points in the island fault area;
step S5: and obtaining a reliability index of the power distribution network system, and calculating to obtain the reliability of the micro-grid by combining the reliability index of the load point in the non-island fault area and the load loss rate of the load point in the island fault area.
2. The microgrid reliability evaluation method based on load quantity change is characterized in that the load points are divided according to switching devices.
3. The microgrid reliability evaluation method based on load quantity change is characterized in that the load points connected with the switching devices are set as independent load points, and all the load points not connected with the switching devices are combined into a single load point.
4. The microgrid reliability evaluation method based on load quantity change is characterized in that the load areas are divided according to a power distribution main line.
5. The microgrid reliability evaluation method based on load quantity change is characterized in that the load areas are connected with a power distribution main line through circuit breakers.
6. The microgrid reliability evaluation method based on load quantity change is characterized in that the load loss rate of the load points is specifically the cut-off probability of the load points.
7. The microgrid reliability evaluation method based on load quantity change of claim 6, wherein the step S1 further comprises obtaining basic parameters and operation parameters of a fan.
8. The microgrid reliability evaluation method based on load change of claim 7 is characterized in that the wind speed and output of the fan are calculated according to the basic parameters and the operating parameters of the fan.
9. The microgrid reliability evaluation method based on load change of claim 8, characterized in that the shedding probability of the load points specifically refers to the probability of sequencing redundant loads when the total load in the load range is greater than the maximum output of a fan, and shedding the load points according to the sequencing.
10. The microgrid reliability evaluation method based on load quantity change is characterized in that the reliability index of the power distribution network system is calculated according to the average power failure rate, the average outage duration and the average annual outage time of load points.
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