CN112051166B - Low-speed penetration experimental device based on split Hopkinson pressure bar - Google Patents
Low-speed penetration experimental device based on split Hopkinson pressure bar Download PDFInfo
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- CN112051166B CN112051166B CN202010851027.7A CN202010851027A CN112051166B CN 112051166 B CN112051166 B CN 112051166B CN 202010851027 A CN202010851027 A CN 202010851027A CN 112051166 B CN112051166 B CN 112051166B
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- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 241001669679 Eleotris Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003721 gunpowder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
- G01N3/313—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight generated by explosives
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/04—Chucks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/001—Impulsive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/04—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-speed penetration experimental device based on a separated Hopkinson pressure bar, which comprises: the device comprises a test platform, a shooting unit, a muzzle diameter converter, a pre-target slide rail speed measuring assembly, a target room unit, a bullet recovery box, a combined bullet and post-target slide rail speed measuring assembly, wherein the shooting unit, the muzzle diameter converter, the pre-target slide rail speed measuring assembly, the target room unit, the bullet recovery box and the combined bullet and post-target slide rail speed measuring assembly are arranged on the test platform; the muzzle diameter converter is additionally arranged at the muzzle of the shooting unit, and the combined bullets are pushed into the muzzle diameter converter and can be shot under the driving of the shooting unit; the target chamber unit is arranged behind the muzzle diameter converter, a target plate is arranged in the target chamber unit, the front target slide rail speed measuring assembly and the rear target slide rail speed measuring assembly are respectively arranged in front of and behind the target plate and used for limiting the flight track of the combined bullet and detecting the speed of the combined bullet before and after penetrating the target; the bullet recovery box is arranged behind the rear sliding rail speed measuring assembly and the target room unit and is used for recovering the combined bullets after passing through the target.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of material impact dynamics experiments, in particular to a low-speed penetration experiment device based on a separated Hopkinson pressure bar.
Background
Penetration refers to the action of the elastomer impacting the target body at a high speed to generate a destructive effect, if the elastomer penetrates through the metal target body, people are also familiar with the penetration of armor, penetration and armor penetration are always important points of research in protection and weapon engineering, and the penetration and armor penetration also belong to hot spot problems in the field of impact and collision dynamics. At present, experimental devices for researching penetration problems are various in variety, such as a ballistic gun/gun launching platform for driving a bullet by gunpowder explosion, the launching speed can be changed by adjusting the gunpowder amount, the bullet diameter and the weight, and the general-high-speed penetration of 100-1500 m/s can be realized; 1. the secondary light gas gun is superior to a ballistic gun in safety and experimental repeatability, can realize high-ultra-high speed penetration of 1500-5000 m/s, can realize high/ultra-high speed collision and penetration of a pulse laser, a flat impact rammer and the like, has high safety, reliability and precision, can be carried out in a laboratory, and is economically optimal for high-speed/ultra-high speed collision and penetration test technology. For low-speed collision and penetration experimental devices below 100m/s, a large-scale gravity drop hammer experimental device is commonly used, but the device is vertical (10 m) and is difficult to realize indoors. The split Hopkinson pressure bar device is widely used for testing dynamic mechanical properties of materials, can realize repeatable impact loading of 40m/s indoors by adjusting air pressure of an air chamber and bullet weight, but cannot be directly used for penetration and collision test research. Meanwhile, the problems of low-speed penetration and collision are increasingly outstanding in the fields of traffic, construction, materials and the like, so that the design of a whole set of indoor low-speed penetration experimental device with economical and reasonable technology, convenient operation and control, safety and reliability is a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a low-speed penetration experimental device based on a split Hopkinson pressure bar, which uses a split Hopkinson pressure bar mounting seat assembly as a platform on the basis of not changing the split Hopkinson pressure bar mounting seat assembly, adopts a modularized design, is convenient to assemble and disassemble and low in cost, can fill the technical blank of low-speed penetration and collision tests, can increase the test range of the split Hopkinson pressure bar device, and solves the problems of low-speed penetration and collision performance test of materials.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a low-speed penetration test device based on a split hopkinson pressure bar, comprising: the device comprises a test platform, a shooting unit, a muzzle diameter converter, a pre-target slide rail speed measuring assembly, a target room unit, a bullet recovery box, a combined bullet and post-target slide rail speed measuring assembly, wherein the shooting unit, the muzzle diameter converter, the pre-target slide rail speed measuring assembly, the target room unit, the bullet recovery box and the combined bullet and post-target slide rail speed measuring assembly are arranged on the test platform;
The muzzle diameter converter is additionally arranged at the muzzle of the shooting unit, and the combined bullets are pushed into the muzzle diameter converter and can be shot under the driving of the shooting unit; the target chamber unit is arranged behind the muzzle diameter converter, a target plate is arranged in the target chamber unit, the front target slide rail speed measuring assembly and the rear target slide rail speed measuring assembly are respectively arranged in front of and behind the target plate and used for limiting the flight track of the combined bullet and detecting the speed of the combined bullet before and after penetrating the target; the bullet recovery box is arranged behind the rear sliding rail speed measuring assembly and the target room unit and is used for recovering the combined bullets after passing through the target.
Preferably, the muzzle diameter transducer comprises: the gun comprises a reducing gun barrel, a gun barrel clamp and a gun muzzle support;
The bottom of the muzzle support is clamped on a test platform at the end where the transmitting unit is located, the muzzle support is in sliding fit with the test platform, the bottom of the muzzle support is provided with a support limiting port, and after the muzzle support slides to a set position, the muzzle support can be locked at the set position by inserting a limiting piece into the support limiting port; the gun tube clamp is arranged at one end of the top of the gun muzzle support, the diameter-variable gun tube is of a horn-shaped structure, the periphery of the diameter-variable gun tube is fixed in the gun tube clamp, the large end of the diameter-variable gun tube is in threaded butt joint with the gun muzzle of the emission unit, and the small end of the diameter-variable gun tube is connected with the front target slide rail speed measuring assembly; in an initial state, one end of the combined bullet is arranged in the small end of the reducing gun barrel, and the other end of the combined bullet faces the front target slide rail speed measuring assembly and can be driven by the transmitting unit to be transmitted to the target plate along the front target slide rail in the front target slide rail speed measuring assembly; the target front sliding rail comprises two half pipes which are buckled in an up-down direction, and concave surfaces of the two half pipes are opposite.
Preferably, the front target slide rail speed measuring assembly comprises: the device comprises a sliding rail support I, a sliding rail height adjusting valve I, a target front sliding rail support, a sliding rail support limiting clamping groove I, a sliding rail support limiting block I and a sliding rail support II;
The sliding rail support I is fixed at the other end of the top of the muzzle support and sleeved on the periphery of one end of the target front sliding rail, the other end of the target front sliding rail is supported at the top of the target front sliding rail support through the sliding rail support II, and sliding rail height adjusting valves I are respectively arranged on the sliding rail support I and the sliding rail support II and used for adjusting the levelness and the height of the target front sliding rail; the bottom of the target front sliding rail support is clamped on the test platform and can be in sliding fit with the test platform;
The bottom of the target front sliding rail support is provided with a sliding rail support limiting clamping groove I and a sliding rail support limiting block I, and the sliding rail support limiting block I is used for longitudinally guiding the target front sliding rail support along the test platform in a sliding manner and limiting transverse shaking in the sliding process; after the target front sliding rail support is adjusted to the set position, the target front sliding rail support can be locked at the set position by inserting the limiting piece into the limiting clamping groove I of the sliding rail support.
Preferably, a slide rail support cushion block is arranged between the slide rail support I and the muzzle support and used for adjusting the height of the slide rail support I.
Preferably, the rear slide rail speed measuring assembly comprises: the device comprises a conical protective cover, a sliding rail support III, a target rear sliding rail support, a sliding rail support limiting clamping groove II, a sliding rail support limiting block II, a target rear sliding rail, a sliding rail support IV and a sliding rail height adjusting valve II;
The bottom of the target rear sliding rail support is clamped on the test platform and can be in sliding fit with the test platform, the top of the target rear sliding rail support is designed into a T-shaped supporting table, the horizontal section of the T-shaped supporting table is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the test platform, a sliding rail support limiting clamping groove II and a sliding rail support limiting block II are arranged at the bottom of the target rear sliding rail support, the sliding rail support limiting block II is used for longitudinally guiding the target rear sliding rail support along the test platform in a sliding manner, and the sliding process is transversely rocked and limited, and after the target rear sliding rail support is adjusted to a set position, a limiting piece is inserted into the sliding rail support limiting clamping groove II to lock the target rear sliding rail support at the set position;
The two ends of the target rear slide rail are respectively supported at the two ends of the horizontal section of the T-shaped supporting table through a slide rail support III and a slide rail support IV, and slide rail height adjusting valves II are respectively arranged on the slide rail support III and the slide rail support IV and used for adjusting the levelness and the height of the target rear slide rail so as to ensure that the combined bullet smoothly enters the target rear slide rail after penetrating through the target; meanwhile, one end of the target rear slide rail opposite to the target front slide rail speed measuring assembly is provided with a V-shaped opening, and the outer periphery of the target rear slide rail is sleeved with a conical protective cover for guiding the combined bullet to enter the target rear slide rail.
Preferably, the target chamber unit includes: the device comprises a target chamber base I, a target front plate sleeper, a target front clamping plate, a target rear support, a target front support connecting clamping seat, a target rear support connecting clamping seat, a target chamber protective cover plate I and a protective cover plate clamping groove I;
The target chamber base I is arranged on the test platform, the longitudinal direction of the target chamber base I is consistent with that of the test platform, the target front support and the target rear support are longitudinally fixed on the target chamber base I, and the target front clamping plate is clamped with the target front support through the target front plate sleeper block; wherein, the front target clamping plate is arranged in parallel between the front target bracket and the rear target bracket;
The target front clamping plate and the target rear support are used for clamping the target plate, one end of the target front support connecting clamping seat is hinged to the target front support, the other end of the target front support connecting clamping seat is provided with more than three through holes along the longitudinal direction, the two target rear support connecting clamping seats are arranged at the two transverse ends of the top of the target rear support, each target rear support connecting clamping seat is provided with two threaded holes, and when the target rear support slides to a distance between the target rear support and the target front support along the longitudinal direction of the target room base I to be a set value, the two corresponding through holes on the target front support connecting clamping seat are opposite to the two threaded holes on the target rear support connecting clamping seat and are fastened into a whole through bolts; two target front bracket connection clamping seats are respectively provided with a protective cover plate clamping groove I on the opposite end surfaces, one protective cover plate clamping groove I is respectively arranged on the opposite surface of the transverse corresponding side of each target front bracket connection clamping seat and the target room base I, and three target room protective cover plates I can be respectively inserted into the three pairs of protective cover plate clamping grooves I and are locked.
Preferably, the bullet recovery box comprises: a recovery tank body and a recovery tank cover plate 53;
The recovery box body is of a semi-closed cuboid structure, the bottom of the recovery box body is fixed on a test platform behind the target rear slide rail speed measuring assembly, and a bullet injection port 51 is reserved at one end of the recovery box body, which faces the target rear slide rail speed measuring assembly, and is used for recovering bullets after penetrating targets; the lateral two sides and the top of the recycling bin body are respectively reserved with side doors, each side door is reserved with a side door clamping groove, and the recycling bin cover plate 53 can be clamped in the side door clamping grooves to realize plugging; when in use, the recovery box body is filled with buffer materials.
Preferably, the composite bullet comprises: bullet and adapter; the tail part of the warhead is in threaded connection with one end of the adapter block, and the head part of the warhead extends into the front sliding rail speed measuring assembly; wherein the warhead is hemispherical or cylindrical.
Preferably, the composite bullet further comprises: the cavity block is in threaded connection with the other end of the adapter block and is used for carrying a sensor with a set function; the adjusting block is in threaded connection with the cavity block and is used for adjusting the weight and the length of the combined bullet.
Preferably, the method further comprises: the utility model provides a become angle target plate anchor clamps, its as reserve penetration test unit, can replace the target room unit, realize becoming angle penetration, become angle target plate anchor clamps and include: the device comprises a target chamber base II, a variable-angle target rear clamping rod, a variable-angle target front clamping rod, a protective cover plate clamping groove II, a target chamber protective cover plate II, a target clamping plate limiting column and a limiting clamping groove;
The target chamber base II comprises two L-shaped brackets which are arranged in parallel, limiting clamping grooves are formed in opposite faces of horizontal sections of the two L-shaped brackets, and the target chamber base II is in sliding fit with the test platform through the limiting clamping grooves and can be fastened on the test platform through bolts after sliding to a set position;
The two lateral sides of the target plate are respectively clamped between the rear variable-angle target clamping rod and the front variable-angle target clamping rod, and the inclination angle of the target plate can be changed along with the change of the angles of the rear variable-angle target clamping rod and the front variable-angle target clamping rod relative to the target chamber base II; the two ends of the rear clamping rod of the angle-variable target are respectively matched with the vertical section and the horizontal section of the L-shaped bracket in a sliding way through sliding blocks, and can be fastened through screws after sliding to a set position; the sliding blocks of the two L-shaped support horizontal sections are respectively provided with a target clamping plate limiting column, so that the target clamping plate limiting columns can longitudinally slide along the L-shaped support horizontal sections along with the sliding of the sliding blocks, one end of the angle-variable target front clamping rod is fixed on the target clamping plate limiting columns, the other end of the angle-variable target front clamping rod is fixed on the sliding blocks of the L-shaped support vertical sections, and the angle-variable target rear clamping rod and the angle-variable target front clamping rod can be adjusted along with the sliding of the sliding blocks of the L-shaped support vertical sections and the sliding blocks of the L-shaped support horizontal sections; and three pairs of mutually parallel protective cover plate clamping grooves II are welded on the L-shaped support and are used for inserting three target chamber protective cover plates II, and the three target chamber protective cover plates II can be locked at the set positions during the test.
The beneficial effects are that:
1. According to the low-speed penetration experimental device, on the basis of not changing a split Hopkinson pressure bar mounting seat assembly (comprising a test platform and a transmitting unit fixed at one longitudinal end of the test platform through a bracket), the split Hopkinson pressure bar mounting seat assembly is taken as a platform, and a muzzle diameter converter, a pre-target slide rail speed measuring assembly, a post-target slide rail speed measuring assembly, a target chamber unit and a bullet recovery box are carried on the split Hopkinson pressure bar mounting seat assembly in a modularized mode; when the same-speed penetration experiment is carried out, compared with a large gravity drop hammer test device, the device is smaller in size, higher in operability and repeatability, low in laboratory space requirement, high in test controllability, repeatability and safety, lower in single impact cost compared with a primary light air cannon and a secondary light air cannon, and obvious in practicality and economy.
2. The specific arrangement of the muzzle diameter converter can launch combined bullets with different diameters on the premise of not replacing the gun tube of the launching unit, and can realize single or repeated impact loading of 3-100 m/s.
3. The specific arrangement of the speed measuring assembly of the front target slide rail can limit the flying track before the combined bullet passes through the target and can detect the speed before the combined bullet passes through the target.
4. The specific arrangement of the rear sliding rail speed measuring assembly of the target can limit the flying track of the combined bullet after penetrating the target, and can detect the speed of the combined bullet after penetrating the target.
5. The specific arrangement of the target chamber unit can effectively fix the target plate and prevent the fragments from flying after the combined bullets penetrate through the target.
6. The bullet recovery box is specifically arranged, so that levelness and coaxiality of the bullet recovery box, a firing unit, a muzzle diameter converter, a front sliding rail, a rear sliding rail of a target and the like are ensured, and meanwhile, the combined bullets after penetrating the target can be accurately recovered.
7. The specific arrangement of the combined bullet can realize impact tests of bullets with different shapes.
8. The combined bullet is also provided with the cavity block and the adjusting block, the cavity block can be provided with a sensor with a set function for measuring acceleration, speed, force and the like, and the adjusting block can adjust the weight and the length of the combined bullet.
9. The invention also provides an angle-variable target plate clamp which is used as a standby penetration test unit, can replace a target room unit and realizes angle-variable penetration.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a low-speed penetration test device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a muzzle diameter transducer according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a slide rail speed measuring unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of a target chamber unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the bullet recovery box of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the construction of a composite bullet of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the variable angle target plate holder of the present invention.
Wherein, the device comprises a 1-shooting unit, a 2-muzzle diameter converter, a 3-front slide rail speed measuring component, a 4-target room unit, a 5-bullet recovery box, a 6-combined bullet, a 7-angle-changing target plate clamp, an 8-rear slide rail speed measuring component, a 21-reducing gun barrel, a 22-gun barrel clamp, a 23-clamp fixing bolt, a 24-muzzle support, a 25-support limit opening, a 31-slide rail support cushion block, a 32-slide rail support I, a 33-slide rail height adjusting valve I, a 34-front slide rail, a 35-laser speed measuring probe support I, a 36-front slide rail support, a 37-slide rail support limit clamping groove I, a 38-slide rail support limit block I and a 39-slide rail support II, 41-target chamber base I, 42-target front plate sleeper block, 43-target front clamp plate, 44-target plate, 45-target rear support, 46-target front support, 47-target front support connection clamping seat, 48-target rear support connection clamping seat, 49-target chamber protective cover plate I, 40-protective cover plate clamping groove I, 51-bullet injection port, 52-recovery box fixing bolt, 53-recovery box cover plate, 61-bullet, 62-adapter block, 63-cavity block, 64-adjusting block, 71-target chamber base II, 72-variable angle target rear clamping rod, 73-variable angle target front clamping rod, 74-protective cover plate clamping groove II, 75-target chamber observation window II, 76-target chamber protective cover plate II, 77-limiting clamping groove, 78-target clamp plate limiting column, 81-conical protective cover, 82-laser speed measurement probe support II, 83-sliding rail support III, 84-target rear sliding rail support, 85-sliding rail support limit clamping groove II, 86-sliding rail support limit block II, 87-target rear sliding rail, 88-sliding rail support IV and 89-sliding rail height adjusting valve II.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiment provides a low-speed penetration experimental device based on a split type Hopkinson pressure bar, on the basis of not changing a split type Hopkinson pressure bar mounting seat component, the split type Hopkinson pressure bar mounting seat component is taken as a platform, and the low-speed penetration experimental device is convenient to assemble and disassemble and low in cost, can fill the technical blank of low-speed penetration and collision tests, can increase the test range of the split type Hopkinson pressure bar device, and solves the problems of low-speed penetration and collision performance test of materials.
As shown in fig. 1, the low-speed penetration test apparatus includes: the split Hopkinson pressure bar mounting seat assembly comprises a muzzle diameter converter 2, a slide rail speed measuring unit, a target chamber unit 4 and a bullet recovery box 5 which are arranged on the split Hopkinson pressure bar mounting seat assembly along the longitudinal direction of the split Hopkinson pressure bar mounting seat assembly; wherein, disconnect-type hopkinson depression bar mount pad subassembly includes: a test platform and a firing unit 1 (for driving a combination bullet 6) fixed to one end of the test platform in the longitudinal direction through a bracket; the slide rail speed measuring unit is used for limiting the flight track of the combined bullet 6 and detecting the speed of the combined bullet 6 before and after penetrating the target, and comprises: the device comprises a front target slide rail speed measuring assembly 3 and a rear target slide rail speed measuring assembly 8; as shown in fig. 2, the muzzle diameter changer 2 is for firing composite bullets 6 of different diameters without exchanging the barrel of the firing unit 1, and comprises: a reducing barrel 21, a barrel clamp 22 and a muzzle support 24; as shown in fig. 3, the front-target slide speed measuring assembly 3 includes: the device comprises a slide rail support I32, a slide rail height adjusting valve I33, a target front slide rail 34, a target front slide rail support 36, a slide rail support limiting clamping groove I37, a slide rail support limiting block I38 and a slide rail support II 39; the rear slide rail speed measuring assembly 8 includes: the device comprises a conical protective cover 81, a sliding rail support III 83, a target rear sliding rail support 84, a sliding rail support limit clamping groove II 85, a sliding rail support limit block II 86, a target rear sliding rail 87, a sliding rail support IV 88 and a sliding rail height adjusting valve II 89; as shown in fig. 4, the target chamber unit 4 includes: target room base I41, target front plate sleeper 42, target front clamping plate 43, target rear bracket 45, target front bracket 46, target front bracket connecting clamping seat 47, target rear bracket connecting clamping seat 48, target room protective cover plate I49 and protective cover plate clamping groove I40; as shown in fig. 5, the bullet recovery box 5 is used for recovering the combined bullets 6 after passing through targets, and includes: a recovery tank body, a recovery tank fixing bolt 52 and a recovery tank cover plate 53; as shown in fig. 6, the composite bullet 6 includes: bullet 61 and adapter 62;
The connection relation of the low-speed penetration experimental device is as follows: the bottom of the muzzle support 24 is clamped on a test platform at the corresponding end of the launching unit 1, the muzzle support is in sliding fit with the test platform, a support limit port 25 is arranged at the bottom of the muzzle support 24, and after the muzzle support 24 slides to a set position, the muzzle support 24 can be locked at the set position by inserting a limit piece (such as a bolt) into the support limit port 25; the gun tube clamp 22 is arranged at one end of the top of the gun port support 24 through a clamp fixing bolt 23, the diameter-variable gun tube 21 is of a horn-shaped structure, the periphery of the diameter-variable gun tube 21 is fixed in the gun tube clamp 22, the large end is in threaded butt joint with the gun port of the emission unit 1, and the small end is in coaxial butt joint with the target front sliding rail 34; in the initial state, one end of the combined bullet 6 is arranged in the small end of the reducing gun barrel 21, the other end faces the target front sliding rail 34, and the combined bullet can be launched to the target plate 41 along the target front sliding rail 34 under the drive of the launching unit 1, and the shape of the reducing gun barrel 21 is favorable for ensuring that the combined bullet 6 with different diameters can be adapted under the premise of not replacing the gun barrel (the inner diameter of the small end of the reducing gun barrel 21 can be adapted to the combined bullet 6 to change), so that instantaneous acceleration can be provided for the combined bullet 6 with different diameters; the target front sliding rail 34 comprises two angle steel pipes which are buckled up and down oppositely, and the concave surfaces of the two angle steel pipes are opposite, so that the combined bullet 6 is in line contact with the target front sliding rail 34, friction loss is reduced conveniently, and the middle gap is convenient for the speed measurement and filling of the combined bullet 6;
The slide rail support I32 is fastened at the other end of the top of the muzzle support 24 through a bolt and sleeved on the periphery of one end of the target front slide rail 34, the other end of the target front slide rail 34 is supported at the top of the target front slide rail support 36 through a slide rail support II 39, and slide rail height adjusting valves I33 are respectively arranged on the slide rail support I32 and the slide rail support II 39 and used for adjusting the levelness and the height of the target front slide rail 34; the bottom of the target front sliding rail support 36 is clamped on the test platform and can be matched with the test platform in a sliding way;
The bottom of the target front sliding rail support 36 is provided with a sliding rail support limiting clamping groove I37 and a sliding rail support limiting block I38, and the sliding rail support limiting block I38 is used for longitudinally guiding the target front sliding rail support 36 along the test platform in a sliding manner and limiting transverse shaking in the sliding process; after the target front slide rail support 36 is adjusted to a set position, inserting a limiting piece into the slide rail support limiting clamping groove I37 can lock the target front slide rail support 36 at the set position;
the bottom of the target rear slide rail support 84 is clamped on the test platform and can be in sliding fit with the test platform, the top of the target rear slide rail support 84 is designed into a T-shaped supporting table, the horizontal section of the T-shaped supporting table is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the test platform, a slide rail support limit clamping groove II 85 and a slide rail support limit block II 86 are arranged at the bottom of the target rear slide rail support 84, the slide rail support limit block II 86 is used for longitudinally guiding the target rear slide rail support 84 along the test platform in a sliding manner, and the transverse shaking in the sliding process is limited, and after the target rear slide rail support 84 is adjusted to a set position, a limit piece is inserted into the slide rail support limit clamping groove II 85 to lock the target rear slide rail support 84 at the set position;
Two ends of the target rear sliding rail 87 are respectively supported at two ends of the horizontal section of the T-shaped supporting table through a sliding rail support III 83 and a sliding rail support IV 88, and sliding rail height adjusting valves II 89 are respectively arranged on the sliding rail support III 83 and the sliding rail support IV 88 and used for adjusting the levelness and the height of the target rear sliding rail 87 so as to ensure that the combined bullet 6 smoothly enters the target rear sliding rail 87 after penetrating through the target; meanwhile, one end of the target rear slide rail 87 opposite to the target front slide rail 34 is provided with a V-shaped opening, and the outer periphery of the target rear slide rail 87 is sleeved with a conical protective cover 81 for guiding the combined bullet 6 to enter the target rear slide rail 87; wherein the rear target rail 87 is similar in shape to the front target rail 34;
The target plate 44 is arranged between the front target slide rail speed measuring assembly 3 and the rear target slide rail speed measuring assembly 8, the target chamber unit 4 is used for fixing the target plate 44 and preventing fragments from flying after penetrating through the target by the combined bullet 6, the target plate 44 is fixed and the target penetrating protection function is achieved, the target chamber base I41 is arranged on the test platform, the longitudinal direction of the target plate is consistent with the longitudinal direction of the test platform, the front target support 46 and the rear target support 45 are longitudinally fixed on the target chamber base I41, and the front target clamping plate 43 is clamped with the front target support 46 through the front target plate sleeper 42; wherein the front target clamping plate 43 is arranged in parallel between the front target support 46 and the rear target support 45;
The target plate 44 is clamped between the target front clamping plate 43 and the target rear support 45, one end of the target front support connecting clamping seat 47 is hinged to the target front support 46, more than three through holes are formed in the other end of the target front support connecting clamping seat along the longitudinal direction, two target rear support connecting clamping seats 48 are arranged at the two transverse ends of the top of the target rear support 45, two threaded holes are formed in each target rear support connecting clamping seat 48, and when the target rear support 45 slides to a position with the target front support 46 along the longitudinal direction of the target room base I41, the two corresponding through holes in the target front support connecting clamping seat 47 are opposite to the two threaded holes in the target rear support connecting clamping seat 48 and are fastened into a whole through bolts; the two front target support connecting clamping seats 47 are respectively provided with a protective cover plate clamping groove I40 on the opposite end surfaces, the opposite surfaces of the two front target support connecting clamping seats 47 and the corresponding sides of the target chamber base I41 are respectively provided with a protective cover plate clamping groove I40, three target chamber protective cover plates I49 are respectively inserted into the three pairs of protective cover plate clamping grooves I40 and locked before an experiment, the three target chamber protective cover plates I49 are respectively a top plate and two side plates, each protective cover plate 49 is provided with a target chamber observation window I for observing the test process of combining bullets 6 penetrating and colliding with the target plates 44, and the safety of personnel and equipment is ensured;
The recovery box body of the bullet recovery box 5 is of a semi-closed cuboid structure, the bottom of the recovery box body is fixed on a test platform behind the target rear slide rail speed measuring assembly 8 through a recovery box fixing bolt 52, and a bullet entrance opening 51 is reserved at one end facing the target rear slide rail speed measuring assembly 8 and used for recovering bullets passing through the target; the lateral two sides and the top of the recycling bin body are respectively reserved with side doors, each side door is reserved with a side door clamping groove, and the recycling bin cover plate 53 can be clamped in the side door clamping grooves to realize plugging; when in use, the recovery box body is filled with buffer materials (such as energy-absorbing sponge blocks);
the tail of the warhead 61 is in threaded connection with one end of the adapter block 62 to form a combined bullet 6, when the combined bullet 6 is used, the end of the adapter block 62 of the combined bullet 6 is pushed into the variable-diameter gun barrel 21 of the muzzle diameter converter 2 coupled with the outer diameter of the combined bullet, and the head of the warhead 61 stretches into the target front slide rail 34 of the target front slide rail speed measuring assembly 3, so that the height and levelness of the slide rail 34 can be conveniently adjusted;
Further, the method further comprises the following steps: the variable angle target board fixture 7, which is used as a standby penetration test unit, can be used for replacing the target room unit 4 to realize variable angle penetration, as shown in fig. 7, the variable angle target board fixture 7 comprises: target room base II 71, angle-variable target rear clamping rod 72, angle-variable target front clamping rod 73, protective cover plate clamping groove II 74, target room observation window II 75, target room protective cover plate II 76, target clamping plate limiting column 78 and limiting clamping groove 77;
The target chamber base II 71 comprises two L-shaped brackets which are arranged in parallel, limiting clamping grooves 77 are formed in opposite faces of horizontal sections of the two L-shaped brackets, and the target chamber base II 71 is in sliding fit with the test platform through the limiting clamping grooves 77 and can be fastened on the test platform through bolts after sliding to a set position;
The two lateral sides of the target plate 44 are respectively clamped between the rear variable-angle target clamping rod 72 and the front variable-angle target clamping rod 73, and the inclination angle of the target plate can be changed along with the change of the angles of the rear variable-angle target clamping rod 72 and the front variable-angle target clamping rod 73 relative to the target chamber base II 71; wherein, the two ends of the rear clamping rod 72 of the angle-variable target are respectively matched with the vertical section and the horizontal section of the L-shaped bracket in a sliding way through a sliding block, and can be fastened through screws after sliding to a set position; the sliding blocks of the two L-shaped support horizontal sections are respectively provided with a target clamping plate limiting column 78, so that the target clamping plate limiting column 78 can longitudinally slide along the L-shaped support horizontal sections along with the sliding of the sliding blocks, one end of the angle-variable front clamping rod 73 is fixed on the target clamping plate limiting column 78 through a buckle, the other end of the angle-variable front clamping rod is fixed on the sliding block of the L-shaped support vertical section, and the angle-variable rear clamping rod 72 and the angle-variable front clamping rod 73 can flexibly adjust angles along with the sliding of the sliding blocks of the L-shaped support vertical section and the horizontal section; three pairs of mutually parallel protective cover plate clamping grooves II 74 (three protective cover plate clamping grooves II 74 are welded on each L-shaped support) are welded on the L-shaped support of the target chamber base II 71 and are used for inserting three target chamber protective cover plates II 76, the target chamber base II 71 and the target clamping plate limiting columns 78 form a shell of the variable-angle target plate clamp 7 together, the three target chamber protective cover plates II 76 are a top plate and two side plates respectively, during a test, the three target chamber protective cover plates II 76 can be locked at a set position, and target chamber observation windows II 75 are formed in the target chamber protective cover plates II 76 serving as the two side plates so as to observe the test process and the inclination angle of the target plate 44;
Further, the opposite ends of the front target slide rail support 36 and the rear target slide rail support 84 are respectively provided with a laser speed measuring probe support I35 and a laser speed measuring probe support II 82, which are respectively used for installing a laser speed measuring instrument so as to measure the speed of the combined bullet 6 before and after penetrating the target;
further, the head of the bullet 61 has a hemispherical, cylindrical or columnar shape;
further, the reducing gun barrel 21 is manufactured by adopting a high-strength, easy-to-process and low-cost material;
further, a slide rail support cushion block 31 is arranged between the slide rail support I32 and the muzzle support 24 and is used for heightening the slide rail support I32 so as to adjust the height of the slide rail support I32;
Further, the bullet recovery box 5 is formed by welding steel plates with the thickness of 3-5 mm;
further, the composite bullet 6 further includes: a cavity block 63 screwed to the other end of the adapter block 62 for mounting a sensor having a set function so as to measure acceleration, speed, force, etc.;
further, the composite bullet 6 further includes: an adjusting block 64 which is in threaded connection with the cavity block 63 and is used for adjusting the weight and the length of the combined bullet 6 so as to meet different penetration experiment requirements;
further, the composite bullet 6 is machined from cemented carbide.
In summary, the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. Low-speed penetration experimental apparatus based on disconnect-type hopkinson depression bar, characterized in that includes: the device comprises a test platform, a shooting unit (1), a muzzle diameter converter (2), a front target slide rail speed measuring assembly (3), a target room unit (4), a bullet recovery box (5), a combined bullet (6) and a rear target slide rail speed measuring assembly (8) which are arranged on the test platform;
The muzzle diameter converter (2) is additionally arranged at the muzzle of the launching unit (1), and the combined bullets (6) are pushed into the muzzle diameter converter (2) and can be launched under the driving of the launching unit (1); the target chamber unit (4) is arranged behind the muzzle diameter converter (2), a target plate (44) is arranged in the target chamber unit, the front target slide rail speed measuring assembly (3) and the rear target slide rail speed measuring assembly (8) are respectively arranged in front of and behind the target plate (44) and used for limiting the flight track of the combined bullet (6) and detecting the speed of the combined bullet (6) before and after penetrating the target; the bullet recovery box (5) is arranged behind the rear sliding rail speed measuring assembly (8) and the target room unit (4) and is used for recovering the combined bullets (6) after penetrating the targets;
The muzzle diameter transducer (2) comprises: a reducing gun barrel (21), a gun barrel clamp (22) and a gun muzzle support (24);
The bottom of the muzzle support (24) is clamped on a test platform at the end of the launching unit (1) and is in sliding fit with the test platform, a support limiting opening (25) is formed in the bottom of the muzzle support (24), and after the muzzle support (24) slides to a set position, the muzzle support (24) can be locked at the set position by inserting a limiting piece into the support limiting opening (25); the gun tube clamp (22) is arranged at one end of the top of the gun muzzle support (24), the diameter-variable gun tube (21) is of a horn-shaped structure, the periphery of the diameter-variable gun tube is fixed in the gun tube clamp (22), the large end of the diameter-variable gun tube is in threaded butt joint with the gun muzzle of the emission unit (1), and the small end of the diameter-variable gun tube is connected with the front target slide rail speed measuring assembly (3); in an initial state, one end of the combined bullet (6) is arranged in the small end of the reducing gun barrel (21), the other end of the combined bullet faces the front target slide rail speed measuring assembly (3) and can be driven by the transmitting unit (1) to be transmitted to the target plate (44) along the front target slide rail (34) in the front target slide rail speed measuring assembly (3); the target front sliding rail (34) comprises two half pipes which are buckled oppositely in the up-down direction, and concave surfaces of the two half pipes are opposite;
The front target slide rail speed measuring assembly (3) comprises: the device comprises a sliding rail support I (32), a sliding rail height adjusting valve I (33), a target front sliding rail support (36), a sliding rail support limiting clamping groove I (37), a sliding rail support limiting block I (38) and a sliding rail support II (39);
The sliding rail support I (32) is fixed at the other end of the top of the muzzle support (24) and sleeved on the periphery of one end of the target front sliding rail (34), the other end of the target front sliding rail (34) is supported at the top of the target front sliding rail support (36) through the sliding rail support II (39), and the sliding rail support I (32) and the sliding rail support II (39) are respectively provided with a sliding rail height adjusting valve I (33) for adjusting the levelness and the height of the target front sliding rail (34); the bottom of the target front sliding rail support (36) is clamped on the test platform and can be in sliding fit with the test platform;
the bottom of the target front sliding rail support (36) is provided with a sliding rail support limiting clamping groove I (37) and a sliding rail support limiting block I (38), and the sliding rail support limiting block I (38) is used for longitudinally guiding the target front sliding rail support (36) along a test platform and limiting transverse shaking in the sliding process; after the target front sliding rail support (36) is adjusted to a set position, a limiting piece is inserted into a sliding rail support limiting clamping groove I (37) so that the target front sliding rail support (36) can be locked at the set position;
The combination bullet (6) comprises: a bullet (61) and an adapter block (62); the tail of the warhead (61) is in threaded connection with one end of the adapter block (62), and the head of the warhead extends into the front target slide rail speed measuring assembly (3); wherein the head of the warhead (61) is hemispherical or cylindrical.
2. The low-speed penetration experimental device based on the split hopkinson pressure bar according to claim 1, wherein a slide rail support cushion block (31) is arranged between the slide rail support i (32) and the muzzle support (24) for adjusting the height of the slide rail support i (32).
3. The split hopkinson pressure bar based low-speed penetration test apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein the post-target slide speed measurement assembly (8) comprises: the device comprises a conical protective cover (81), a sliding rail bracket III (83), a target rear sliding rail support (84), a sliding rail support limit clamping groove II (85), a sliding rail support limit block II (86), a target rear sliding rail (87), a sliding rail bracket IV (88) and a sliding rail height adjusting valve II (89);
The bottom of the target rear sliding rail support (84) is clamped on the test platform and can be in sliding fit with the test platform, the top of the target rear sliding rail support is designed into a T-shaped supporting table, the horizontal section of the T-shaped supporting table is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the test platform, a sliding rail support limiting clamping groove II (85) and a sliding rail support limiting block II (86) are arranged at the bottom of the target rear sliding rail support (84), the sliding rail support limiting block II (86) is used for longitudinally guiding the target rear sliding rail support (84) in a sliding manner along the test platform, and transversely shaking in the sliding process is limited, and after the target rear sliding rail support (84) is adjusted to a set position, a limiting piece is inserted into the sliding rail support limiting clamping groove II (85) to lock the target rear sliding rail support (84) at the set position;
Two ends of the target rear sliding rail (87) are respectively supported at two ends of the horizontal section of the T-shaped supporting table through a sliding rail support III (83) and a sliding rail support IV (88), and sliding rail height adjusting valves II (89) are respectively arranged on the sliding rail support III (83) and the sliding rail support IV (88) and are used for adjusting the levelness and the height of the target rear sliding rail (87) so as to ensure that the combined bullets (6) smoothly enter the target rear sliding rail (87) after penetrating through the target; meanwhile, one end of the target rear sliding rail (87) opposite to the target front sliding rail speed measuring assembly (3) is provided with a V-shaped opening, and the outer periphery of the target rear sliding rail is sleeved with a conical protective cover (81) for guiding the combined bullet (6) to enter the target rear sliding rail (87).
4. Low-speed penetration test device based on split hopkinson pressure bar according to claim 1, characterized in that the target chamber unit (4) comprises: a target chamber base I (41), a target front plate sleeper block (42), a target front clamping plate (43), a target rear bracket (45), a target front bracket (46), a target front bracket connecting clamping seat (47), a target rear bracket connecting clamping seat (48), a target chamber protective cover plate I (49) and a protective cover plate clamping groove I (40);
The target chamber base I (41) is arranged on the test platform, the longitudinal direction of the target chamber base I is consistent with that of the test platform, the target front support (46) and the target rear support (45) are longitudinally fixed on the target chamber base I (41), and the target front clamping plate (43) is clamped with the target front support (46) through the target front plate sleeper (42); wherein, the front target clamping plate (43) is arranged in parallel between the front target bracket (46) and the rear target bracket (45);
The target front clamping plate (43) and the target rear support (45) are used for clamping the target plate (44), one end of the target front support connecting clamping seat (47) is hinged to the target front support (46), the other end of the target front support connecting clamping seat is provided with more than three through holes along the longitudinal direction, two target rear support connecting clamping seats (48) are arranged at the two transverse ends of the top of the target rear support (45), two threaded holes are formed in each target rear support connecting clamping seat (48), and when the target rear support (45) slides to a position with the target front support (46) along the longitudinal direction of the target chamber base I (41), the two corresponding through holes on the target front support connecting clamping seat (47) are opposite to the two threaded holes on the target rear support connecting clamping seat (48) and are fastened into a whole through bolts; two target front bracket connection clamping bases (47) are provided with a protective cover plate clamping groove I (40) on the opposite end surfaces respectively, each target front bracket connection clamping base (47) and the corresponding surface of the transverse corresponding side of the target room base I (41) are provided with a protective cover plate clamping groove I (40) respectively, and three target room protective cover plates I (49) can be inserted into three pairs of protective cover plate clamping grooves I (40) respectively and locked.
5. Low-speed penetration test device based on split hopkinson pressure bar according to claim 1, characterized in that the bullet recovery tank (5) comprises: a recovery tank body and a recovery tank cover plate 53;
The recovery box body is of a semi-closed cuboid structure, the bottom of the recovery box body is fixed on a test platform behind the target rear slide rail speed measuring assembly (8), and a bullet injection port 51 is reserved at one end of the recovery box body, which faces the target rear slide rail speed measuring assembly (8), and is used for recovering bullets after target penetration; the lateral two sides and the top of the recycling bin body are respectively reserved with side doors, each side door is reserved with a side door clamping groove, and the recycling bin cover plate 53 can be clamped in the side door clamping grooves to realize plugging; when in use, the recovery box body is filled with buffer materials.
6. Low-speed penetration test device based on split hopkinson pressure bar according to claim 1, characterized in that the composite bullet (6) further comprises: the cavity block (63) and the adjusting block (64), wherein the cavity block (63) is in threaded connection with the other end of the adapter block (62) and is used for carrying a sensor with a set function; the adjusting block (64) is in threaded connection with the cavity block (63) and is used for adjusting the weight and the length of the combined bullet (6).
7. The split hopkinson bar-based low-speed penetration test apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: the utility model provides a become angle target plate anchor clamps (7), it is as reserve penetration test unit, can replace target room unit (4), realizes becoming angle penetration, become angle target plate anchor clamps (7) include: a target chamber base II (71), a variable-angle target rear clamping rod (72), a variable-angle target front clamping rod (73), a protective cover plate clamping groove II (74), a target chamber protective cover plate II (76), a target clamping plate limiting column (78) and a limiting clamping groove (77);
The target chamber base II (71) comprises two L-shaped brackets which are arranged in parallel, limiting clamping grooves (77) are formed in opposite faces of horizontal sections of the two L-shaped brackets, and the target chamber base II (71) is in sliding fit with the test platform through the limiting clamping grooves (77) and can be fastened on the test platform through bolts after sliding to a set position;
The two lateral sides of the target plate (44) are respectively clamped between the rear variable-angle target clamping rod (72) and the front variable-angle target clamping rod (73), and the inclination angle of the target plate can be changed along with the change of the angles of the rear variable-angle target clamping rod (72) and the front variable-angle target clamping rod (73) relative to the target chamber base II (71); the two ends of the rear clamping rod (72) of the angle-variable target are respectively matched with the vertical section and the horizontal section of the L-shaped bracket in a sliding way through sliding blocks, and can be fastened through screws after sliding to a set position; a target clamping plate limiting column (78) is respectively arranged on the sliding blocks of the two L-shaped support horizontal sections, so that the target clamping plate limiting column (78) can longitudinally slide along the L-shaped support horizontal sections along with the sliding of the sliding blocks, one end of an angle-variable front clamping rod (73) is fixed on the target clamping plate limiting column (78), the other end of the angle-variable front clamping rod is fixed on the sliding blocks of the L-shaped support vertical sections, and the angle-variable rear clamping rod (72) and the angle-variable front clamping rod (73) can be adjusted along with the sliding of the sliding blocks of the L-shaped support vertical sections and the horizontal sections; and three pairs of parallel protection cover plate clamping grooves II (74) are welded on the L-shaped support and are used for inserting three target chamber protection cover plates II (76), and the three target chamber protection cover plates II (76) can be locked at the set positions during the test.
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| CN114354149B (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-08-02 | 浙江美盾防护技术有限公司 | Test fixing device of multi-angle bulletproof plate wall |
| CN114136158B (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2023-09-05 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院国防工程研究院工程防护研究所 | Test device for detecting capability of projectile body penetrating multilayer medium |
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