CN112051017A - Experimental method for researching vibration characteristics of sewer pipe system with different influence factors - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides an experimental method for exploring the vibration characteristics of a sewer pipe system with different influence factors, which is used for testing the vibration characteristics of the working condition change of the water pipe system under the action of a water hammer, wherein an experimental device adopted by the experimental method is the water pipe system with a quick valve; the quick valve is a valve device which can form a direct water hammer effect in the water pipe system by quickly closing a water way of the water pipe system; the water pipe system is connected with the flow controller and the sensor system; when the test is carried out, firstly, the flow of a water channel of the water pipe system reaches a value required by the test through the flow controller, then, the valve quickly closes the water channel to generate a direct water hammer effect in the water pipe system, and the sensor system carries out data acquisition on the vibration characteristic of the experimental pipeline of the water pipe system under the excitation of the water hammer; the invention can simulate the vibration of the experimental pipeline in the water pipe system under different influence factors, and can be used for the experiment for exploring the vibration characteristics of the water pipe system under different influence factors.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pipeline vibration testing, in particular to an experimental method for researching the vibration characteristics of a sewer pipe system with different influence factors.
Background
In recent years, water supply pipeline engineering in China is continuously developed, and in order to solve the problem of uneven spatial distribution of water resources, engineers construct a plurality of long-distance water delivery projects in various parts of China, wherein one common engineering measure is to deliver water through a pipeline system. However, if the valve of the water supply pipeline is suddenly closed, a water hammer is generated in the water supply pipeline, the water pipe system is severely vibrated under the excitation of the water hammer, the water pipe system is extremely easy to be damaged, once the water hammer occurs, a large pressure water head is generated in the pipeline, and the generated pressure wave can be spread throughout the whole pipeline system. When the excitation frequency of the water hammer is close to the natural frequency of the pipeline, the pipeline resonates, and at the moment, the pipeline is easy to generate fatigue damage or instability damage, so that the safety and stable operation of a pipeline system are seriously threatened, and the pipeline system belongs to a very destructive working condition. Because the vibration problem of the water supply pipeline is related to a plurality of factors, such as the excitation frequency of the water hammer, the type of the pipeline support, the material of the pipeline, the span length of the pipeline and the like; therefore, the research on the vibration characteristic of the water hammer excited downcomer is carried out, and the method has important significance for preventing the water hammer from vibrating and damaging the water supply pipeline, so that the invention provides the experimental method for researching the vibration characteristic of the downcomer system with different influencing factors, and researches the influence rule of the different influencing factors on the vibration characteristic of the downcomer system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an experimental method for exploring the vibration characteristics of a sewer pipe system with different influence factors, which can simulate the vibration of an experimental pipeline in the sewer pipe system with different influence factors and can be used for exploring the vibration characteristics of the sewer pipe system with different influence factors.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme.
The experimental method is used for researching the vibration characteristics of the sewer pipe system with different influence factors and is used for testing the vibration characteristics of the working condition change of the water pipe system under the action of a water hammer, and the experimental device adopted by the experimental method is the water pipe system with a quick valve; the quick valve is a valve device which can form a direct water hammer effect in the water pipe system by quickly closing a water way of the water pipe system; the water pipe system is connected with the flow controller and the sensor system; when the test is carried out, firstly, the flow of the water channel of the water pipe system reaches a value required by the test through the flow controller, then the valve quickly closes the water channel to generate a direct water hammer effect in the water pipe system, and the sensor system carries out data acquisition on the vibration characteristic of the experimental pipeline of the water pipe system under the excitation of the water hammer.
The input end of the water pipe system is connected with the constant-pressure water supply device; the water pipe system is also communicated with the water hammer eliminating device through a pressure relief valve; when the pipeline pressure of the water pipe system exceeds the set pressure threshold value of the pressure release valve, the pressure release valve is opened, so that water in the water pipe system enters the water hammer eliminating device to reduce the pipeline pressure.
The water pipe system comprises an experimental pipeline and a non-experimental pipeline;
the sensor system comprises an electromagnetic flow meter, a vibration sensor and a pressure sensor; the vibration sensor comprises an acceleration sensor and a displacement sensor; a water pump is arranged in the constant-pressure water supply device; the water pump is a horizontal centrifugal pump capable of pumping water of the underground reservoir to the water pipe system;
the constant-pressure water supply device is communicated with the underground reservoir through a water supply pipeline; the water hammer eliminating device is communicated with the underground reservoir through a vertical water drainage pipe
The horizontal centrifugal pump is arranged at the constant-pressure water supply device; the constant-pressure water supply device also comprises a water pump control box and a water supply valve; the water pump control box comprises a frequency converter capable of controlling the working condition of the horizontal centrifugal pump and a network adapter connected with the central control system to receive a control instruction; the horizontal centrifugal pump pumps water from the underground reservoir through a water supply pipeline and supplies water to a water pipe system through a water supply valve and an electromagnetic flowmeter;
the water hammer eliminating device comprises a shell, an elastic inner container and a porous pipe;
the central control system comprises a main control module, and during testing, the central control system automatically controls the experimental device and collects, records and analyzes data of the sensor system.
The instrument configuration of the quick valve, the flow controller and the experimental pipeline is set according to the water hammer excitation frequency, the type of the experimental pipeline support, the material of the experimental pipeline and the span length of the experimental pipeline required by a test experiment.
The water pipe system is also internally provided with a slow valve capable of adjusting the length of the pipeline of the water pipe system, and the excitation frequency of the water hammer can be changed by adjusting the length of the pipeline of the water pipe system or by adjusting the position of the supporting support of the experimental pipeline to change the supporting span of the experimental pipeline so as to test the influence of different span lengths of the experimental pipeline on the vibration of the water pipe system.
The experimental pipeline is supported by a replaceable support seat, and the support seat type of the support seat is simple support or fixed support; the experiment pipeline inserts water pipe system with the flange, and when the experiment pipeline of different materials need to be changed, the experiment pipeline is changed to the accessible dismantlement flange.
The quick valve is a quick valve system comprising an electric control hydraulic valve and a control protection device; the electric control hydraulic valve is arranged at the tail end of the water pipe system; the electric control hydraulic valve comprises a hydraulic system, an oil cylinder and a valve mechanism;
the slow valve is a slow valve system comprising a manual valve; the slow valve is arranged at a non-experimental pipeline connected with the experimental pipeline; when the pipeline length of the water pipe system needs to be adjusted to realize different water hammer excitation frequencies, the length of the pipeline of the water pipe system is adjusted by changing the opening and closing state of the manual valve.
The required value of the test is the target flow of the waterway, and the range of the target flow is 10m3H to 60m3Between/h; the water pipe systemBefore the target flow experiment is carried out, the horizontal centrifugal pump is operated at the frequency of 30Hz for not less than 10 minutes, and the water of the underground reservoir is pumped to be filled in the experiment pipeline of the water pipe system, so that the air in the experiment pipeline is exhausted, and the accuracy of experiment data is ensured.
The water in the waterway of the water pipe system comes from an underground reservoir; the valve closing time of the quick valve is less than the time required for the water hammer elastic waves to go back and forth from the valve to the underground reservoir.
The experimental method comprises the following steps;
the method comprises the following steps: configuring an instrument, namely configuring the instrument according to different influence factors;
step two: starting the horizontal centrifugal pump, pumping water of the underground reservoir to fill the experimental pipeline of the water pipe system, and exhausting air in the experimental pipeline;
step three: the flow of the water pipe system is enabled to reach the target flow through the flow controller;
step four: controlling the quick valve to close to generate a water hammer to act on the water pipe system;
step five: data acquisition, wherein a sensor system acquires displacement, acceleration and pressure of a water hammer excitation sewer pipe system;
step six: and repeating the test and the data analysis, wherein the reliability of the data is improved by repeating the test, and the data is analyzed to obtain the influence rule of the vibration characteristic of the water pipe system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention can be used for researching the experiment of the vibration characteristic of the sewer pipe system with different influence factors, researching the influence rule of the vibration characteristic of the water pipe system, and obtaining the influence rule of different water hammer excitation frequencies, the support type of the pipeline, the span length of the pipeline and the material of the pipeline on the vibration of the water pipe system; the beneficial effects are as follows: the experimental device for studying the vibration characteristic of the water hammer excitation sewer pipe system provided by the patent can be used for studying the influence rule of the water hammer excitation frequency size, the pipeline span length, the support type of the pipeline and the pipeline material on the vibration characteristic of the water pipe system. The water hammer generated by closing the quick valve system directly acts on the pipeline, and the pressure, the acceleration and the displacement of the experimental pipeline are obtained under the cooperation of the sensor system and the central control system, so that the influence rule of the vibration characteristic of the water hammer excitation sewer pipe system is explored.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the pipe attachment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic of the vibration sensor position at the experimental pipe;
FIG. 5 is another schematic of the location of the pressure sensor at the test line;
FIG. 6 shows a target flow rate of 40m3When the pressure is/h, the vibration pressure data curve diagram of the experimental pipe section is shown;
FIG. 7 shows a target flow rate of 40m3When the time is/h, the vibration acceleration data curve diagram of the experimental pipe section is shown;
FIG. 8 shows a target flow rate of 40m3When the pressure is/h, the experimental pipe section vibration displacement data curve diagram is shown;
in the figure: 1-underground water reservoir; 2-a horizontal centrifugal pump; 3-a water pump control box; 4-water supply valve; 5-an electromagnetic flow meter; 6-water hammer eliminating device; 7-a pressure relief valve; 8-a slow valve; 9-manual valve; 10-a flange; 11-a pressure sensor; 12-a vibration sensor; 13-a fast valve; 14-a central control system; 15-non-experimental pipe; 16-experimental pipe; 17-i-section steel; 18-circular hoop.
Detailed Description
As shown in the figure, the experimental method for exploring the vibration characteristics of the sewer pipe system with different influence factors is used for testing the vibration characteristics of the working condition change of the water pipe system under the action of a water hammer, and the experimental device adopted by the experimental method is the water pipe system with the quick valve 13; the quick valve is a valve device which can form a direct water hammer effect in the water pipe system by quickly closing a water way of the water pipe system; the water pipe system is connected with the flow controller and the sensor system; when the test is carried out, firstly, the flow of the water channel of the water pipe system reaches a value required by the test through the flow controller, then the valve quickly closes the water channel to generate a direct water hammer effect in the water pipe system, and the sensor system carries out data acquisition on the vibration characteristic of the experimental pipeline 16 of the water pipe system under the excitation of the water hammer.
The input end of the water pipe system is connected with the constant-pressure water supply device; the water pipe system is also communicated with the water hammer eliminating device 6 through a pressure release valve 7; when the pipeline pressure of the water pipe system exceeds the set pressure threshold value of the pressure release valve, the pressure release valve is opened, so that water in the water pipe system enters the water hammer eliminating device to reduce the pipeline pressure.
The water pipe system comprises an experimental pipeline and a non-experimental pipeline;
the sensor system comprises an electromagnetic flow meter 5, a vibration sensor 12 and a pressure sensor 11; the vibration sensor comprises an acceleration sensor and a displacement sensor; a water pump is arranged in the constant-pressure water supply device; the water pump is a horizontal centrifugal pump 2 which can pump water in the underground reservoir to a water pipe system;
the constant-pressure water supply device is communicated with the underground reservoir through a water supply pipeline; the water hammer eliminating device is communicated with the underground reservoir 1 through a vertical water drainage pipe.
The horizontal centrifugal pump is arranged at the constant-pressure water supply device; the constant-pressure water supply device also comprises a water pump control box 3 and a water supply valve 4; the water pump control box comprises a frequency converter capable of controlling the working condition of the horizontal centrifugal pump and a network adapter connected with the central control system 14 to receive a control instruction; the horizontal centrifugal pump pumps water from the underground reservoir through a water supply pipeline and supplies water to a water pipe system through a water supply valve and an electromagnetic flowmeter;
the water hammer eliminating device comprises a shell, an elastic inner container and a porous pipe;
the central control system comprises a main control module, and during testing, the central control system automatically controls the experimental device and collects, records and analyzes data of the sensor system.
The instrument configuration of the quick valve, the flow controller and the experimental pipeline is set according to the water hammer excitation frequency, the type of the experimental pipeline support, the material of the experimental pipeline and the span length of the experimental pipeline required by a test experiment.
The water pipe system is also internally provided with a slow valve 8 capable of adjusting the length of the pipeline of the water pipe system, the excitation frequency of the water hammer can be changed by adjusting the length of the pipeline of the water pipe system, or the support span of the experimental pipeline can be changed by adjusting the position of the support of the experimental pipeline, so as to test the influence of different span lengths of the experimental pipeline on the vibration of the water pipe system.
The experimental pipeline is supported by a replaceable support seat, and the support seat type of the support seat is simple support or fixed support; the experiment pipeline is connected into a water pipe system through a flange 10, and when the experiment pipeline made of different materials needs to be replaced, the experiment pipeline can be replaced by detaching the flange.
The quick valve is a quick valve system comprising an electric control hydraulic valve and a control protection device; the electric control hydraulic valve is arranged at the tail end of the water pipe system; the electric control hydraulic valve comprises a hydraulic system, an oil cylinder and a valve mechanism;
the slow valve is a slow valve system comprising a manual valve 9; the slow valve is arranged at a non-experimental pipeline 15 connected with the experimental pipeline; when the pipeline length of the water pipe system needs to be adjusted to realize different water hammer excitation frequencies, the length of the pipeline of the water pipe system is adjusted by changing the opening and closing state of the manual valve.
The required value of the test is the target flow of the waterway, and the range of the target flow is 10m3H to 60m3Between/h; before the target flow experiment is carried out on the water pipe system, the horizontal centrifugal pump is operated at the frequency of 30Hz for not less than 10 minutes, water of the underground reservoir is pumped to be filled in the experiment pipeline of the water pipe system, air in the experiment pipeline is exhausted, and the accuracy of experiment data is guaranteed.
The water in the waterway of the water pipe system comes from an underground reservoir; the valve closing time of the quick valve is less than the time required for the water hammer elastic waves to go back and forth from the valve to the underground reservoir.
The experimental method comprises the following steps;
the method comprises the following steps: configuring an instrument, namely configuring the instrument according to different influence factors;
step two: starting the horizontal centrifugal pump, pumping water of the underground reservoir to fill the experimental pipeline of the water pipe system, and exhausting air in the experimental pipeline;
step three: the flow of the water pipe system is enabled to reach the target flow through the flow controller;
step four: controlling the quick valve to close to generate a water hammer to act on the water pipe system;
step five: data acquisition, wherein a sensor system acquires displacement, acceleration and pressure of a water hammer excitation sewer pipe system;
step six: and repeating the test and the data analysis, wherein the reliability of the data is improved by repeating the test, and the data is analyzed to obtain the influence rule of the vibration characteristic of the water pipe system.
Examples
In the embodiment, the experimental device forms a closed-loop fluid circulation structure with stable and controllable flow speed through the underground reservoir 1, the constant-pressure water supply device, the water hammer eliminating device, the valve system and the pipeline system, so that the reliability of experimental data is improved; the length of the pipeline is adjusted through a slow valve system, so that the influence of different water hammer excitation frequencies on the vibration characteristics of a water pipe system is realized; the experimental pipelines made of different materials are replaced by disassembling screws on the flange, so that the influence of the experimental pipelines made of different materials on the vibration characteristic of the water pipe system is realized; the influence of the experimental pipelines with different support types on the vibration characteristic of the water pipe system is tested by changing the type of the experimental pipeline support; through the slide rail type support of the experimental pipeline, the influence of the experimental pipeline with different span lengths on the vibration characteristic of the water pipe system is realized.
For the research on the vibration characteristics of sewer pipe systems with different influence factors, firstly, the instrument configuration is carried out according to different influence factors of different water hammer excitation frequencies, the low-speed valve systems at different positions of the water pipe system are opened and closed to obtain the required length of the water pipe system, namely the required water hammer excitation frequency, the switch of the experimental device is opened, the control software is used for establishing a file for acquiring data, the sensors are connected through a network, the horizontal centrifugal pump is started, and the water pump is operated for 10 minutes at the frequency of 30HzExhausting the air in the pipeline, and setting the target flow rate to be 40m3And h, after the target flow is reached, starting to acquire the pressure, the displacement and the acceleration of the experimental pipeline, closing the quick valve system, opening the quick valve system after the water hammer is eliminated, then carrying out repeated tests, and finally carrying out data analysis on the obtained displacement, pressure and acceleration data to explore the influence rule of the vibration characteristic of the water hammer excitation sewer pipe system.
In this example, the test pipe and the non-test pipe are connected by welding via a flange.
In this example, the support of the experimental pipeline 16 is a slide rail type support, which can adjust the span length of the experimental pipeline and realize the influence of the experimental pipelines with different span lengths on the vibration characteristics of the water pipe system; the support type of the experimental pipeline adopts fixed support or simple support, and the influence of different support types on the vibration characteristic of the water pipe system is realized.
Further, the non-experimental pipeline 15 is fixed by adopting an I-steel 17 and a circular hoop 18. The arc-shaped surface of the circular hoop 18 is attached to the surface of the non-experimental pipeline 15, and the vertical bottom of the circular hoop 18 is fixed on the flange of the I-shaped steel 17 through screws.
In this example, the length of the water pipe system can be changed by switching the on-off state of the manual valve, and the law of the influence of different water hammer excitation frequencies on the vibration characteristics of the water pipe system is realized.
Finally, it should be noted that the above detailed description is only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present patent and not for limiting, and although the present patent is described in detail with reference to examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present patent without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present patent, which should be covered by the claims of the present patent.
Claims (10)
1. An experimental method for exploring the vibration characteristics of a sewer pipe system with different influence factors is used for testing the vibration characteristics of the working condition change of the water pipe system under the action of a water hammer, and is characterized in that: the experimental device adopted by the experimental method is a water pipe system with a quick valve; the quick valve is a valve device which can form a direct water hammer effect in the water pipe system by quickly closing a water way of the water pipe system; the water pipe system is connected with the flow controller and the sensor system; when the test is carried out, firstly, the flow of the water channel of the water pipe system reaches a value required by the test through the flow controller, then the valve quickly closes the water channel to generate a direct water hammer effect in the water pipe system, and the sensor system carries out data acquisition on the vibration characteristic of the experimental pipeline of the water pipe system under the excitation of the water hammer.
2. The experimental method for exploring the vibration characteristics of sewer systems with different influencing factors according to claim 1, characterized in that: the input end of the water pipe system is connected with the constant-pressure water supply device; the water pipe system is also communicated with the water hammer eliminating device through a pressure relief valve; when the pipeline pressure of the water pipe system exceeds the set pressure threshold value of the pressure release valve, the pressure release valve is opened, so that water in the water pipe system enters the water hammer eliminating device to reduce the pipeline pressure.
3. The experimental method for exploring the vibration characteristics of sewer systems with different influencing factors according to claim 2, characterized in that: the water pipe system comprises an experimental pipeline and a non-experimental pipeline;
the sensor system comprises an electromagnetic flow meter, a vibration sensor and a pressure sensor; the vibration sensor comprises an acceleration sensor and a displacement sensor; a water pump is arranged in the constant-pressure water supply device; the water pump is a horizontal centrifugal pump capable of pumping water of the underground reservoir to the water pipe system;
the constant-pressure water supply device is communicated with the underground reservoir through a water supply pipeline; the water hammer eliminating device is communicated with the underground reservoir through a vertical water drainage pipe
The horizontal centrifugal pump is arranged at the constant-pressure water supply device; the constant-pressure water supply device also comprises a water pump control box and a water supply valve; the water pump control box comprises a frequency converter capable of controlling the working condition of the horizontal centrifugal pump and a network adapter connected with the central control system to receive a control instruction; the horizontal centrifugal pump pumps water from the underground reservoir through a water supply pipeline and supplies water to a water pipe system through a water supply valve and an electromagnetic flowmeter;
the water hammer eliminating device comprises a shell, an elastic inner container and a porous pipe;
the central control system comprises a main control module, and during testing, the central control system automatically controls the experimental device and collects, records and analyzes data of the sensor system.
4. The experimental method for exploring the vibration characteristics of sewer systems with different influencing factors according to claim 1, characterized in that: the instrument configuration of the quick valve, the flow controller and the experimental pipeline is set according to the water hammer excitation frequency, the type of the experimental pipeline support, the material of the experimental pipeline and the span length of the experimental pipeline required by a test experiment.
5. The experimental method for exploring the vibration characteristics of sewer systems with different influencing factors according to claim 4, characterized in that: the water pipe system is also internally provided with a slow valve capable of adjusting the length of the pipeline of the water pipe system, and the excitation frequency of the water hammer can be changed by adjusting the length of the pipeline of the water pipe system or by adjusting the position of the supporting support of the experimental pipeline to change the supporting span of the experimental pipeline so as to test the influence of different span lengths of the experimental pipeline on the vibration of the water pipe system.
6. The experimental method for exploring the vibration characteristics of sewer systems with different influencing factors according to claim 5, characterized in that: the experimental pipeline is supported by a replaceable support seat, and the support seat type of the support seat is simple support or fixed support; the experiment pipeline inserts water pipe system with the flange, and when the experiment pipeline of different materials need to be changed, the experiment pipeline is changed to the accessible dismantlement flange.
7. The experimental method for exploring the vibration characteristics of sewer systems with different influencing factors according to claim 5, characterized in that: the quick valve is a quick valve system comprising an electric control hydraulic valve and a control protection device; the electric control hydraulic valve is arranged at the tail end of the water pipe system; the electric control hydraulic valve comprises a hydraulic system, an oil cylinder and a valve mechanism;
the slow valve is a slow valve system comprising a manual valve; the slow valve is arranged at a non-experimental pipeline connected with the experimental pipeline; when the pipeline length of the water pipe system needs to be adjusted to realize different water hammer excitation frequencies, the length of the pipeline of the water pipe system is adjusted by changing the opening and closing state of the manual valve.
8. The experimental method for exploring the vibration characteristics of sewer systems with different influencing factors according to claim 5, characterized in that: the required value of the test is the target flow of the waterway, and the range of the target flow is 10m3H to 60m3Between/h; before the target flow experiment is carried out on the water pipe system, the horizontal centrifugal pump is operated at the frequency of 30Hz for not less than 10 minutes, water of the underground reservoir is pumped to be filled in the experiment pipeline of the water pipe system, air in the experiment pipeline is exhausted, and the accuracy of experiment data is guaranteed.
9. The experimental method for exploring the vibration characteristics of sewer systems with different influencing factors according to claim 8, characterized in that: the water in the waterway of the water pipe system comes from an underground reservoir; the valve closing time of the quick valve is less than the time required for the water hammer elastic waves to go back and forth from the valve to the underground reservoir.
10. The experimental method for exploring the vibration characteristics of sewer systems with different influencing factors according to claim 9, characterized in that: the experimental method comprises the following steps;
the method comprises the following steps: configuring an instrument, namely configuring the instrument according to different influence factors;
step two: starting the horizontal centrifugal pump, pumping water of the underground reservoir to fill the experimental pipeline of the water pipe system, and exhausting air in the experimental pipeline;
step three: the flow of the water pipe system is enabled to reach the target flow through the flow controller;
step four: controlling the quick valve to close to generate a water hammer to act on the water pipe system;
step five: data acquisition, wherein a sensor system acquires displacement, acceleration and pressure of a water hammer excitation sewer pipe system;
step six: and repeating the test and the data analysis, wherein the reliability of the data is improved by repeating the test, and the data is analyzed to obtain the influence rule of the vibration characteristic of the water pipe system.
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| 张挺;吕勇臻;杨志强;范佳铭;李宗翰;: "水锤激励下黏弹性输流直管轴向振动响应特性", 振动工程学报, no. 02, 15 April 2017 (2017-04-15) * |
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