CN112050755B - Method for measuring cross-sectional area of superfine fiber - Google Patents
Method for measuring cross-sectional area of superfine fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN112050755B CN112050755B CN202010790437.5A CN202010790437A CN112050755B CN 112050755 B CN112050755 B CN 112050755B CN 202010790437 A CN202010790437 A CN 202010790437A CN 112050755 B CN112050755 B CN 112050755B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/28—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring areas
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of carbon nanotubes, and provides a method for measuring the cross sectional area of superfine fibers, which comprises the following steps: acquiring a glass slide and superfine fibers to be detected; attaching one outer wall surface of the superfine fiber to the surface of the glass slide, and fixing the superfine fiber on the glass slide; coating a film on the surface of the superfine fiber, and vacuumizing to enable the superfine fiber to be tightly attached to the surface film layer to obtain a sample to be detected; placing the sample to be detected in an optical microscope, and measuring the width of the superfine fiber; placing the sample to be detected in a surface topography instrument, scanning the cross section profile of the superfine fiber and obtaining a cross section profile diagram of the superfine fiber; and calculating the cross section area of the superfine fiber according to the width of the superfine fiber and the cross section profile. The method provided by the application can accurately obtain the cross sectional areas of the superfine fibers with various shapes.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to measuring methods, and particularly to a method for measuring a cross-sectional area of an ultra-fine fiber.
Background
The superfine fiber, such as carbon nanotube fiber, has critical accurate mechanical and electrical properties, such as fiber strength, density, resistivity, etc., in the aspects of product design and application, quality control in the production and manufacturing process, etc. The fiber tensile strength formula is σ ═ F/a (F is the tensile breaking force, a is the cross-sectional area), the density formula is ρ ═ m/V (m is the mass, volume V is the fiber length multiplied by the cross-sectional area), the resistivity ρ ═ R · S/L (R is the resistance, S is the cross-sectional area, L is the length). As can be seen from the formula, these performance indicators are related to the cross-sectional area of the fiber. Therefore, only the accurate cross-sectional area of the fiber is measured, and the accurate mechanical and electrical properties of the fiber can be converted.
The superfine fibers obtained by different preparation processes have different cross section appearances. The cross-sectional morphology of the microfiber generally includes a circular shape, an irregular oval shape, or an irregular flat shape depending on the manufacturing process. The round ultra-fine fiber can be measured for its side surface by a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) to obtain a diameter and then calculate a cross-sectional area, while the cross-sectional areas of the irregular oval and irregular flat fibers are difficult to measure by this method. Because the cross section appearance is influenced by scissors and blades, the liquid nitrogen cannot freeze the cross section appearance to cause the cross section appearance to be brittle, and the cross section of the superfine fiber is difficult to observe by SEM. The Focused Ion Beam (FIB) method is also difficult to measure the thickness of a fiber of 60 μm or more, and when a wide fiber is measured, the thickness of only a few points cannot be measured, and the thickness cannot be completely cut. Since the strength, resistivity, density, etc. of the ultrafine fibers need to be obtained by cross-sectional area conversion, an accurate cross-sectional area cannot be measured, and thus, accurate related performance parameters cannot be obtained. Has great influence on subsequent experiments, products and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Problem to be solved by the present application
The application aims to provide a method for measuring the cross-sectional area of superfine fibers, and aims to solve the problem that the existing method for measuring the cross-sectional area of superfine fibers is low in accuracy.
Means for solving the problems
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present application is as follows:
in a first aspect, the present application provides a method of measuring a cross-sectional area of an ultrafine fiber, the method comprising the steps of:
acquiring a glass slide and superfine fibers to be detected;
attaching one outer wall surface of the superfine fiber to the surface of the glass slide, and fixing the superfine fiber on the glass slide;
coating a film on the surface of the superfine fiber, and vacuumizing to enable the superfine fiber to be tightly attached to the surface film layer to obtain a sample to be detected;
placing the sample to be detected in an optical microscope, and measuring the width of the superfine fiber; placing the sample to be detected in a surface topography instrument, scanning the cross section profile of the superfine fiber and obtaining a cross section profile diagram of the superfine fiber; and calculating the cross section area of the superfine fiber according to the width of the superfine fiber and the cross section profile.
Preferably, the average diameter of the superfine fibers is 60-100 μm.
Preferably, the thickness of the surface film layer is less than or equal to 10 μm.
Preferably, the surface of the superfine fiber is coated with a film, and the superfine fiber and the surface film are tightly attached by vacuum-pumping treatment to obtain a sample to be measured, including:
and putting the glass slide fixed with the superfine fibers into a vacuum bag, and vacuumizing the vacuum bag to enable the superfine fibers and the surface film layer to be tightly attached to obtain a sample to be detected.
Preferably, the calculating the cross-sectional area of the microfiber according to the width of the microfiber and the cross-sectional profile includes:
taking three positions of the superfine fiber along a direction perpendicular to the length of the superfine fiber, respectively measuring the width of the superfine fiber at the three positions and the cross section profile, respectively calculating the cross section areas of the three positions, and calculating the average value to obtain the cross section area of the superfine fiber.
Preferably, the attaching an outer wall surface of the microfiber to the surface of the glass slide includes:
and placing the superfine fibers on the glass slide along the width direction parallel to the glass slide, and attaching the widest surface of the outer wall surface of the superfine fibers to the surface of the glass slide.
Preferably, the length of the superfine fiber is greater than the width of the glass slide, and the fixing of the superfine fiber on the glass slide comprises:
and folding the two ends of the superfine fiber with the length exceeding the width of the glass slide to the back of the glass slide, and fixing the two ends of the superfine fiber on the back of the glass slide.
Preferably, the fixing of both ends of the ultrafine fibers on the back surface of the glass slide includes:
and fixing two ends of the superfine fibers on the back surface of the glass slide by using an adhesive tape.
Preferably, the surface texture analyzer is a step profiler, and the step profiler is used for placing the sample to be measured in the surface texture analyzer and scanning the cross section profile of the superfine fiber, and the step profiler comprises:
setting the scanning speed of a step profiler to be 20-50 mu m/s, the scanning range to be 2-5mm, and scanning the superfine fibers along the length direction perpendicular to the superfine fibers by adopting a probe with the curvature radius of 2 mu m to obtain the cross section profile of the superfine fibers.
Preferably, the ultrafine fibers are selected from one of a circular shape, an irregular oval shape, and an irregular flat shape in cross section.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of:
obtaining a glass slide and superfine fibers to be detected, wherein the length of the superfine fibers is greater than the width of the glass slide;
attaching the widest surface of the outer wall surface of the superfine fiber to the surface of the glass slide along the width direction parallel to the glass slide; folding the two ends of the superfine fiber with the length exceeding the width of the glass slide to the back of the glass slide, and fixing the two ends of the superfine fiber on the back of the glass slide;
putting the glass slide fixed with the superfine fibers into a vacuum bag with the thickness less than or equal to 10 mu m, and vacuumizing the vacuum bag to enable the superfine fibers to be tightly attached to the surface film layer to obtain a sample to be detected;
taking three positions of the superfine fiber along a direction vertical to the length of the superfine fiber, placing the sample to be measured in an optical microscope, and measuring the widths of the superfine fiber at the three positions respectively; placing the sample to be detected in a surface topography instrument, and respectively scanning the cross section profiles of the superfine fibers at three positions to obtain cross section profile diagrams of the superfine fibers; and respectively calculating the cross section areas of three positions according to the width of the superfine fiber and the cross section profile, and calculating the average value to obtain the cross section area of the superfine fiber.
Effects of the invention
According to the method for measuring the cross sectional area of the superfine fiber, the width of the superfine fiber is measured through an optical microscope; meanwhile, a cross-sectional profile of the superfine fiber is obtained by means of scanning of a surface topography instrument. And calculating the cross section area of the superfine fiber according to the width of the superfine fiber and the cross section profile. The cross section area of the obtained superfine fiber is simple to operate and high in measurement accuracy, and the reliability of performance data acquired by depending on the cross section area is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a process for preparing ultrafine fibers having a circular cross section according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a process for preparing ultrafine fibers having irregular elliptical cross-sections according to one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a process for preparing ultrafine fibers having irregular and flat cross-sections according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a contact profilometer used to measure the cross-sectional profile of an ultra-fine fiber as provided in one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the profile of an ultra-fine fiber measured by a surface topographer as provided in one embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present application more clearly apparent, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
It should be understood that, in various embodiments of the present application, the sequence numbers of the above-mentioned processes do not mean the execution sequence, some or all of the steps may be executed in parallel or executed sequentially, and the execution sequence of each process should be determined by its function and inherent logic, and should not constitute any limitation to the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.
The terminology used in the embodiments of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in the examples of this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a method for measuring a cross-sectional area of an ultrafine fiber, the method including the steps of:
s01, obtaining a glass slide and superfine fibers to be detected;
s02, attaching one outer wall surface of the superfine fiber to the surface of a glass slide, and fixing the superfine fiber on the glass slide;
s03, coating a film on the surface of the superfine fiber, and vacuumizing to enable the superfine fiber to be tightly attached to the film on the surface to obtain a sample to be detected;
s04, placing a sample to be detected in an optical microscope, and measuring the width of the superfine fiber; placing a sample to be detected in a surface topography instrument, scanning the cross section profile of the superfine fiber and obtaining a cross section profile diagram of the superfine fiber; and calculating the cross section area of the superfine fiber according to the width and the cross section profile of the superfine fiber.
According to the method for measuring the cross sectional area of the superfine fiber, the width of the superfine fiber is measured through an optical microscope; meanwhile, a cross-sectional profile of the superfine fiber is obtained by means of scanning of a surface topography instrument. And calculating the cross section area of the superfine fiber according to the width and the cross section profile of the superfine fiber. The cross section area of the obtained superfine fiber is simple to operate and high in measurement accuracy, and the reliability of performance data acquired by depending on the cross section area is improved.
Specifically, in step S01, the glass slide is used to carry the superfine fibers to be tested, so that the superfine fibers can be tested in the optical microscope and the surface topography apparatus in the following steps. In some embodiments, the slide is wiped with alcohol or the like before use. And removing stains on the surface of the glass slide by wiping so as to avoid the stains from causing errors on the width and the shape profile of the superfine fibers in the measurement process.
The shape of the cross section of the superfine fiber to be measured provided by the embodiment of the application is not strictly limited, and the cross section area of the superfine fiber to be measured can be obtained by the method provided by the embodiment of the application. In some embodiments, the microfiber is selected from one of circular, irregular elliptical, and irregular flat in cross-section.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1, the microfiber having a circular cross-section is prepared as follows: and drawing the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube array into a film with the width of 0.1-20cm, twisting and spinning the film into filaments, wherein the twist is 100-15000 tpm. The thus obtained ultrafine fibers have a circular cross section. In some embodiments, the carbon nanotube array has a length of 100 to 1000 μm and a diameter of 6 to 15 μm.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 2, the microfiber having an irregular oval cross-section is prepared as follows: drawing the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube array into a film with the width of 0.1-20cm, pressing by a pair of leather rollers to perform reciprocating relative movement and autorotation, and twisting the film to form superfine fibers, wherein the autorotation frequency of the leather rollers is 30-150 r/min, and the distance between the leather rollers is 10-200 mu m. The cross section of the thus obtained ultrafine fiber was irregularly elliptical. In some embodiments, the carbon nanotube array has a length of 100 to 1000 μm and a diameter of 6 to 15 μm.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 3, the microfiber having an irregular flat cross-section is prepared as follows: drawing the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube array into a film with the width of 0.1-20cm, drawing the film through a diamond wire drawing die, and then extruding the film through a press roll, wherein the aperture of the diamond wire drawing die is 50-200 mu m, and the pressure of the extrusion through the press roll is 1-100N. The thus obtained microfine fiber had an irregular flat shape in cross section. In some embodiments, the carbon nanotube array has a length of 100 to 1000 μm and a diameter of 6 to 15 μm.
In some embodiments, the length of the microfiber is greater than the width of the glass slide, so that the microfiber is fixed to the back side of the glass slide (the side of the glass slide on which the microfiber is fixed is the front side) by the microfiber being longer than the length of the glass slide, thereby not affecting the cross-sectional width and morphology of the microfiber fixed to the front side of the glass slide.
In the above step S02, one outer wall surface of the microfiber is attached to the surface of the glass slide so as to obtain the width of the microfiber, and the cross-sectional profile of the microfiber is obtained by scanning based on the width direction.
In some embodiments, attaching an outer wall surface of the microfiber to a surface of a glass slide comprises:
the microfine fibers are placed on the slide glass along the direction parallel to the width of the slide glass, and the widest side of the outer wall surfaces of the microfine fibers is adhered to the surface of the slide glass.
In this case, the ultrafine fibers can be more firmly fixed to the surface of the slide glass without being displaced during the test, so that higher accuracy can be obtained.
In some embodiments, the length of the microfiber is greater than the width of the glass slide, and securing the microfiber to the glass slide comprises:
and folding the two ends of the superfine fiber with the length exceeding the width of the glass slide to the back of the glass slide, and fixing the two ends of the superfine fiber on the back of the glass slide.
In this case, the microfiber is firmly fixed to the surface of the glass slide in a well-stretched state, which is more advantageous to obtain an accurate fiber width and cross-sectional profile of the microfiber. In addition, because the two ends of the superfine fibers are fixed on the back surface of the glass slide, the influence of the front surface fixation on the superfine fiber measurement can be avoided, and the measurement accuracy is further improved. In the method, the position of the superfine fiber on the glass slide can be adjusted by adopting tweezers.
In some embodiments, fixing both ends of the microfiber at the back of the glass slide comprises: both ends of the superfine fiber were fixed to the back of the slide glass with an adhesive tape. The superfine fibers are fixed on the glass slide by the adhesive tape, the operation is simple, and the obtained glass slide fixed with the superfine fibers can keep good surface flatness, so that the glass slide is favorable for subsequent measurement in a tester.
In the step S03, when the microfiber fixed on the glass slide is directly measured, the surface of the microfiber is easily damaged and deformed by the probe, which affects the accuracy of the measurement. Therefore, the surface of the superfine fiber is coated with the film in the embodiment of the application to protect the surface of the superfine fiber. Further, vacuum-pumping treatment is carried out, so that the surface film layer of the superfine fiber is tightly attached to the surface of the superfine fiber, the original shape and size of the irregular superfine fiber are kept, and the superfine fiber is protected from being damaged and deformed in the measuring process. In addition, through the vacuum-pumping treatment, the superfine fibers can be properly flattened, so that the superfine fibers can be better attached to the surface of the glass slide.
In some embodiments, the thickness of the surface film layer is less than or equal to 10 μm. Under the condition, the thickness of the superfine fiber surface film layer is proper, so that the problem that the accuracy is reduced when the contour of the subsequent step is drawn due to the fact that the film layer is not tightly attached to the superfine fiber due to the fact that the film layer is too thick is solved. The average diameter of the fiber which can be obtained by the method is 60-100 mu m, the fiber in the range does not exceed the range of a surface topography instrument, if the average diameter is less than 60 mu m, sample preparation is difficult in the measuring process due to too thin fiber, and sample preparation or measuring conditions such as a probe, a vacuum bag and the like have great influence on the sample preparation or measuring conditions, so that the accuracy is not enough, and the measuring result is inaccurate.
In some embodiments, coating a film on the surface of the carbon nanotube, and performing vacuum pumping to make the ultrafine fiber and the surface film closely adhere to each other to obtain a sample to be tested, including:
and putting the glass slide fixed with the superfine fibers into a vacuum bag, and vacuumizing the vacuum bag to enable the superfine fibers to be tightly attached to the surface film layer to obtain the sample to be detected.
In the step S04, the sample to be measured is placed in an optical microscope, and the width of the microfiber is directly measured by the optical microscope. And then placing the sample to be detected in a surface topography instrument, and sensing the height of the surface of the superfine fiber by the surface topography instrument through testing to trace out the approximate outline of the superfine fiber so as to obtain a cross section outline diagram of the superfine fiber.
The surface appearance that this application embodiment provided can be contact surface appearance, also can be non-contact surface appearance. The contact surface topography instrument comprises a step instrument and an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM for short), and the non-contact topography instrument is a laser topography instrument. The step gauge belongs to a contact type surface appearance measuring instrument, also called a profile gauge, and senses the height of the superfine fiber on the surface of the glass slide through a probe so as to obtain the cross section appearance of the superfine fiber. The AFM working principle is the same as that of a step instrument, the probe is more accurate, and the measurement cost is higher.
As shown in fig. 4, the principle of measuring the cross-sectional profile of the ultrafine fiber using the contact surface topography apparatus is as follows: the starting point and the end point of the scanning of the probe are required to be on the same horizontal plane, and the instrument software automatically takes the horizontal plane as the X axis, so that the thickness of the vacuum bag does not influence the measurement result. In the measuring process, the height of the probe is used as the height of the Y axis according to the sensed surface height of the probe; after the measurement is finished, the probe will trace a profile curve, as shown in fig. 5. After the width of the cross section of the superfine fiber is introduced into the surface topography instrument, instrument software automatically calculates the area in the closed shape according to the width of the superfine fiber and the cross section outline drawing to obtain the cross section area of the superfine fiber. In the figure, the distance between two straight lines of R and M is the cross-sectional width of the superfine fiber.
In some embodiments, the surface profiler is a step profiler, and the sample to be tested is placed in the surface profiler, scanning the cross-sectional profile of the microfiber, comprising: setting the scanning speed of the step profiler to be 20-50 μm/s, the scanning range to be 2-5mm, scanning the superfine fiber by adopting a probe with the curvature radius of 2 μm along the length direction vertical to the superfine fiber, and obtaining the cross section profile of the superfine fiber. The scanning speed and range in a proper range and the probe with a proper size are adopted, microscopic pits on the surface of the measured superfine fiber can be matched, the deviation of measured data is avoided, the condition that the appearance of the superfine fiber is not damaged in the scanning process is also ensured, the influence of an external force environment in the measuring process is small, the probe is prevented from being damaged, and the accuracy of a measuring result is improved.
In some embodiments, calculating the cross-sectional area of the microfiber based on the width and the cross-sectional profile of the microfiber comprises: taking three positions of the superfine fiber along the direction vertical to the length of the superfine fiber, respectively measuring the width and the cross section contour map of the superfine fiber at the three positions, respectively calculating the cross section areas of the three positions, and calculating the average value to obtain the cross section area of the superfine fiber.
As a preferred embodiment of the present application, a method of measuring a cross-sectional area of an ultrafine fiber includes the steps of:
acquiring a glass slide and superfine fibers to be detected, wherein the length of the superfine fibers is greater than the width of the glass slide;
attaching the widest surface of the outer wall surfaces of the superfine fibers to the surface of the glass slide along the width direction parallel to the glass slide; folding the two ends of the superfine fiber with the length exceeding the width of the glass slide to the back of the glass slide, and fixing the two ends of the superfine fiber on the back of the glass slide;
placing the glass slide fixed with the superfine fibers into a vacuum bag with the thickness less than or equal to 10 mu m, and vacuumizing the vacuum bag to enable the superfine fibers to be tightly attached to the surface film layer to obtain a sample to be detected;
taking three positions of the superfine fiber along the direction vertical to the length of the superfine fiber, placing a sample to be measured in an optical microscope, and measuring the widths of the superfine fiber at the three positions respectively; placing a sample to be detected in a surface topography instrument, and scanning the cross section profiles of the superfine fibers at three positions respectively to obtain cross section profile diagrams of the superfine fibers; and respectively calculating the cross section areas of three positions according to the width and the cross section profile of the superfine fiber, and calculating the average value to obtain the cross section area of the superfine fiber.
The method has the advantage that the cross section area of the obtained superfine fiber is measured with high accuracy.
The following description will be given with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
A method of measuring the cross-sectional area of an ultrafine fiber, comprising the steps of:
(1) and pulling out a thin film with the width of 7.5cm from the carbon nano tube in the carbon nano tube array, twisting and spinning the thin film into silk, wherein the twist is 1200tpm, and the cross section of the obtained superfine fiber is circular.
(2) Wiping the glass slide with alcohol, cutting superfine fiber, fixing the superfine fiber on the glass slide along the direction parallel to the width of the glass slide.
(3) Putting the glass slide fixed with the superfine fibers into a vacuum bag, sealing the vacuum bag and vacuumizing, wherein the thickness of the vacuum bag is 10 mu m. Superfine fibers with a circular cross section can be flattened by the vacuum bag, but the measurement of the cross section area is not influenced.
(4) Putting a sample to be measured into an optical microscope to measure the width of the sample to be measured to be 75 mu m, then putting the sample into a step instrument to draw an approximate outline, inputting width data into the step instrument, and automatically calculating by the step instrument to obtain the cross section area of the superfine fiber of 3432 mu m2。
Comparative example 1
A method of measuring the cross-sectional area of an ultrafine fiber, comprising the steps of:
preparing ultrafine fibers having a circular cross section according to the same parameters as in example 1; the diameter of the ultrafine fiber was measured by SEM to be 66 μm, and the cross-sectional area of the ultrafine fiber was calculated to be 3420 μm2. The cross-sectional area of the ultra-fine fiber measured by the step meter method in example 1 was similar.
Comparative example 1 and comparative example 1 it can be found that: the surface appearance instrument is adopted to measure the cross section area of the superfine fiber, and the accuracy is high.
Example 2
A method of measuring the cross-sectional area of an ultrafine fiber, comprising the steps of:
(1) pulling out a film with the width of 5cm from the carbon nano tube in the carbon nano tube array, and twisting the film to finally form superfine fibers by reciprocating relative movement and autorotation through a pair of leather rollers, wherein the cross section of each superfine fiber is in an irregular oval shape; wherein the rotation frequency of the leather rollers is 70 r/min, and the distance between the leather rollers is 40 mu m.
(2) Wiping the glass slide with alcohol, cutting superfine fiber with length slightly longer than the width of the glass slide, and fixing the superfine fiber on the glass slide along the direction parallel to the width of the glass slide.
(3) Putting the glass slide fixed with the superfine fibers into a vacuum bag, sealing the vacuum bag and vacuumizing, wherein the thickness of the vacuum bag is 10 mu m.
(4) Putting the sample to be measured into an optical microscope to measure the width of the sample to be measured to be 178 mu m, then putting the sample into a step instrument to draw an approximate outline, inputting width data into the step instrument, automatically calculating by the step instrument to obtain the cross section area of the superfine fiber of 2733 mu m2。
Example 3
A method of measuring the cross-sectional area of an ultrafine fiber, comprising the steps of:
(1) and drawing a film with the width of 7.5cm from the carbon nano tubes in the carbon nano tube array, passing through a diamond wire drawing die with the size of 100 mu m, and extruding by a compression roller with the pressure of 50N to obtain the superfine fiber with the irregular and flat cross section.
(2) Wiping the glass slide with alcohol, cutting superfine fiber with length slightly longer than the width of the glass slide, regulating the fiber with tweezers along the direction parallel to the width of the glass slide, and attaching the wider side of the fiber to the glass slide.
(3) Putting the glass slide fixed with the superfine fibers into a vacuum bag, sealing the vacuum bag and vacuumizing, wherein the thickness of the vacuum bag is 10 mu m.
(4) Placing a sample to be measured into an optical microscope to measure the width of the sample to be measured to be 188 micrometers, then placing the sample into a step instrument to draw an approximate outline, inputting width data into the step instrument, and automatically calculating by the step instrument to obtain the cross-sectional area of the superfine fiber to be measured to be 3321 micrometers2。
The present invention is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments shown and described, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features herein disclosed.
Claims (9)
1. A method of measuring the cross-sectional area of an ultra-fine fiber, the method comprising the steps of:
acquiring a glass slide and superfine fibers to be detected;
attaching one outer wall surface of the superfine fiber to the surface of the glass slide, and fixing the superfine fiber on the glass slide;
coating a film on the surface of the superfine fiber, and vacuumizing to enable the superfine fiber to be tightly attached to the surface film layer to obtain a sample to be detected;
placing the sample to be detected in an optical microscope, and measuring the width of the superfine fiber; placing the sample to be detected in a surface topography instrument, scanning the cross section profile of the superfine fiber and obtaining a cross section profile diagram of the superfine fiber; calculating the cross section area of the superfine fiber according to the width of the superfine fiber and the cross section profile;
the calculating the cross-sectional area of the superfine fiber according to the width of the superfine fiber and the cross-sectional profile chart comprises the following steps:
taking three positions of the superfine fiber along a direction perpendicular to the length of the superfine fiber, respectively measuring the width of the superfine fiber at the three positions and the cross section profile, respectively calculating the cross section areas of the three positions, and calculating the average value to obtain the cross section area of the superfine fiber.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the average diameter of the ultrafine fibers is 60 to 100 μm; and/or
The thickness of the surface film layer is less than or equal to 10 μm.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of coating the surface of the superfine fiber with a film and performing vacuum treatment to make the superfine fiber and the surface film closely adhere to each other to obtain a sample to be tested comprises:
and putting the glass slide fixed with the superfine fibers into a vacuum bag, and vacuumizing the vacuum bag to enable the superfine fibers and the surface film layer to be tightly attached to obtain a sample to be detected.
4. The method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the attaching an outer wall surface of the microfiber to the surface of the glass slide comprises:
and placing the superfine fibers on the glass slide along the width direction parallel to the glass slide, and attaching the widest surface of the outer wall surface of the superfine fibers to the surface of the glass slide.
5. The method of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the length of the microfiber is greater than the width of the glass slide, and wherein said securing the microfiber to the glass slide comprises:
and folding the two ends of the superfine fiber with the length exceeding the width of the glass slide to the back of the glass slide, and fixing the two ends of the superfine fiber on the back of the glass slide.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein fixing both ends of the microfiber at the back of the glass slide comprises:
and fixing two ends of the superfine fibers on the back surface of the glass slide by using an adhesive tape.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the surface topography instrument is a step instrument, and the step of placing the sample to be tested in the surface topography instrument and scanning the cross-sectional profile of the microfiber comprises:
setting the scanning speed of a step profiler to be 20-50 mu m/s, setting the scanning range to be 2-5mm, and scanning the superfine fibers by adopting a probe with the curvature radius of 2 mu m along the length direction perpendicular to the superfine fibers to obtain the cross section profile of the superfine fibers.
8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the ultra fine fiber is selected from one of a circular shape, an irregular oval shape and an irregular flat shape in cross section.
9. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the method comprises the steps of:
obtaining a glass slide and superfine fibers to be detected, wherein the length of the superfine fibers is greater than the width of the glass slide;
attaching the widest surface of the outer wall surface of the superfine fiber to the surface of the glass slide along the width direction parallel to the glass slide; folding the two ends of the superfine fiber with the length exceeding the width of the glass slide to the back of the glass slide, and fixing the two ends of the superfine fiber on the back of the glass slide;
putting the glass slide fixed with the superfine fibers into a vacuum bag with the thickness less than or equal to 10 mu m, and vacuumizing the vacuum bag to enable the superfine fibers to be tightly attached to the surface film layer to obtain a sample to be detected;
taking three positions of the superfine fiber along a direction vertical to the length of the superfine fiber, placing the sample to be measured in an optical microscope, and measuring the widths of the superfine fiber at the three positions respectively; placing the sample to be detected in a surface topography instrument, and respectively scanning the cross section profiles of the superfine fibers at three positions to obtain cross section profile diagrams of the superfine fibers; and respectively calculating the cross section areas of three positions according to the width of the superfine fiber and the cross section profile, and calculating the average value to obtain the cross section area of the superfine fiber.
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Citations (4)
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| WO2003054475A2 (en) * | 2001-12-19 | 2003-07-03 | Kla-Tencor Technologies Corporation | Parametric profiling using optical spectroscopic systems |
| CN1731084A (en) * | 2005-09-14 | 2006-02-08 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Micro interior cavity dimension measuring apparatus and method based on double optical fiber coupling |
| CN101487838A (en) * | 2008-12-11 | 2009-07-22 | 东华大学 | Extraction method for dimension shape characteristics of profiled fiber |
| CN107747919A (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2018-03-02 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of fiber cross section product measuring method and system |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2003054475A2 (en) * | 2001-12-19 | 2003-07-03 | Kla-Tencor Technologies Corporation | Parametric profiling using optical spectroscopic systems |
| CN1731084A (en) * | 2005-09-14 | 2006-02-08 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Micro interior cavity dimension measuring apparatus and method based on double optical fiber coupling |
| CN101487838A (en) * | 2008-12-11 | 2009-07-22 | 东华大学 | Extraction method for dimension shape characteristics of profiled fiber |
| CN107747919A (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2018-03-02 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of fiber cross section product measuring method and system |
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