CN112050652B - Cyclone preheater for cement predecomposition kiln - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a cyclone preheater for a cement precalcining kiln, which comprises a cyclone tube, an ascending pipe tangentially connected to the upper part of the cyclone tube, an air flow outlet arranged at the upper end of the cyclone tube, and a cyclone tube. A feeding port at the lower end, a feeding pipe connected to the ascending pipe, and a material guide impeller, the material guiding impeller includes an impeller shaft and a number of scrapers arranged around the outside of the impeller shaft, and the feeding pipe is connected to The port of the rising pipe is a flat port, the impeller shaft extends laterally and is rotatably installed in the flat port, and the outer contour of the scraper is tangent to the upper and lower side walls of the flat port respectively. The invention solves the problems of discontinuous and uneven feeding of the preheated raw meal powder, resulting in poor dispersion of the preheated raw meal powder entering the ascending pipeline and poor heat exchange effect.

Description

Cyclone preheater for cement precalciner kiln

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of cement production, in particular to a cyclone preheater for a cement precalciner kiln.

Background technique

In the process of cement production, the raw meal needs to enter the preheater system before entering the kiln. The purpose is to exchange heat with the hot flue gas from the rotary kiln and the calciner, absorb a large amount of heat energy contained in the flue gas, and improve the raw meal entering the kiln. decomposition rate.

The preheater system includes a multi-stage cyclone preheater. The cyclone preheater makes full use of the hot gas discharged from the rotary kiln and the decomposition furnace, and realizes preheating and partial heating through the heat exchange between the gas and the solid and the separation of the cyclone cylinder. Decomposition function. The raw meal powder is fed from the ascending pipe of the second-stage cyclone, conducts airflow heat exchange with the hot gas from the second-stage, and enters the first-stage cyclone together. After separation, the preheated raw meal powder falls into the third-stage cyclone and rises. The pipeline, in turn, completes the process of heat exchange (mainly in the pipeline) and separation (in the cyclone). After heat exchange, the preheated raw meal powder enters the kiln, and the hot gas is discharged from the air outlet pipe of the first-stage cyclone.

In the prior art, the preheated raw meal powder separated from the upper-stage cyclone enters the next-stage ascending pipeline from the unloading chute. The unloading completely relies on gravity, and the unloading is discontinuous and uneven, resulting in the preheating raw material entering the ascending pipeline. The powder dispersion is poor, and the heat exchange effect is poor.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the present invention provides a cyclone preheater for a cement precalcining kiln, so as to solve the problem of discontinuous and uneven feeding of preheated raw meal powder, resulting in the dispersion of preheated raw meal powder entering the ascending pipeline. Poor, the problem of poor heat transfer effect.

The invention provides a cyclone preheater for a cement precalcining kiln, comprising a cyclone tube, an ascending pipe tangentially connected to the upper part of the cyclone tube, an air flow outlet arranged at the upper end of the cyclone tube, and a The feeding port at the lower end and the feeding pipe connected to the ascending pipe; also include a material guide impeller, the material guiding impeller includes an impeller shaft and a number of scrapers arranged around the outside of the impeller shaft, the feeding pipe The port connected to the rising pipe is set as a flat mouth, the impeller shaft extends laterally and is rotatably installed in the flat mouth, and the outer contour of the scraper is tangent to the upper and lower side walls of the flat mouth respectively.

Further, the ascending pipeline has a bulk material section, and the bulk material section includes a connecting middle cylinder that is connected with the ascending pipes on the upper and lower sides, a diameter-expanding outer cylinder disposed outside the connecting middle cylinder, and The diameter-reducing inner cylinder in the connecting middle tube; an annular cavity is formed between the expanding diameter outer tube and the connecting middle tube, and an annular air duct is formed between the connecting middle tube and the diameter-reducing inner tube, and the diameter is reducing An air inlet is formed between the lower end of the inner cylinder and the intermediate cylinder, and an air outlet is formed between the upper end of the reduced-diameter inner cylinder and the intermediate cylinder; the annular air duct is provided with an annular wind wheel, and the annular wind wheel includes The inner ring sleeved on the outside of the diameter-reduced inner cylinder, the outer ring rotatably provided in the intermediate cylinder, and the plurality of blades connected between the inner ring and the outer ring, the outer ring The outer circumference is provided with an outer gear ring that penetrates out of the intermediate cylinder; the flat opening passes through the annular cavity and the annular air duct to be inserted into the diameter-reduced inner cylinder, and the impeller shaft passes through the flat opening to extend A first bevel gear is coaxially installed in the annular cavity, a transmission shaft is rotatably installed in the annular cavity, and a first gear meshing with the outer ring gear and a The second bevel gear meshes with the first bevel gear.

Further, a material spreading plate located on the lower side of the flat mouth is arranged in the diameter-reduced inner cylinder.

Further, the diameter-reducing inner cylinder is provided with a first protruding portion that protrudes inward, a first concave portion is formed on the outer side of the first protruding portion, and the inner ring is rotatably arranged in the first concave portion .

Further, the intermediate barrel is provided with a second protruding portion that protrudes outward, the inner side of the second protruding portion forms a second concave portion, and the outer ring is rotatably arranged in the second concave portion , and the second protruding part is provided with an annular opening for the outer gear ring to pass through.

Further, the air passing area of the air outlet is adjustable.

Further, the air outlet is provided with a fixed annular plate fixed between the enlarged diameter outer cylinder and the intermediate cylinder, and a rotating annular plate attached to the upper side of the fixed annular plate. The fixed annular plate and the rotating annular plate are respectively provided with air passages which can be staggered or overlapped.

Further, the intermediate barrel is provided with a third protruding portion that protrudes outward, a third concave portion is formed on the inner side of the third protruding portion, and the rotating annular plate is sleeved in the reduced diameter outside the cylinder, and the outer edge of the rotating annular plate is placed in the third concave portion, the third protruding portion is provided with an arc-shaped opening along the circumferential direction, and the rotating annular plate is connected to the arc-shaped opening. an open paddle; further comprising a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is connected with the paddle, and is used to drive the rotating annular plate to rotate.

Further, the outer end of the paddle is arc-shaped and provided with gear teeth; the drive mechanism includes a servo motor installed in the annular cavity, a second coaxially installed on the output shaft of the servo motor. A gear, the second gear meshes with the gear teeth at the outer end of the paddle.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in:

Using the above-mentioned cyclone preheater, the preheated raw powder material enters the ascending pipe through the feeding pipe. Under the impact of the high-speed ascending airflow, the material is dispersed, and flows upward into the cyclone with the airflow, and the preheated material separated from the cyclone The raw meal powder enters the feeding pipe of the cyclone preheater from the feeding port, and the gas separated by the cyclone cylinder enters the ascending pipe of the previous cyclone preheater from the air outlet.

By setting the port where the feeding pipe is connected to the ascending pipe as a flat port, and installing a guide impeller at the flat port, the guide impeller rotates clockwise and sprinkles the material from the upper side wall of the flat port into the ascending pipe, which can Effectively prevent the feeding pipe from blocking the pipe and the air flow from entering the feeding pipe, ensuring that the material can be continuously and evenly sprinkled into the ascending pipe, improving the uniformity of feeding, and the dispersibility of the material entering the ascending pipe is better. The heat transfer effect is also better.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that are required to be used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals throughout the drawings. In the drawings, each element or section is not necessarily drawn to actual scale.

1 is a schematic diagram of the overall external structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic diagram of a feed structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 2;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 2 .

In the drawings, 10-cyclone; 20-rising pipeline; 21-bulk section; 22-sequentially connected to the middle cylinder; 221-second protrusion; 222-second depression; 223-annular opening; 224-th Three protrusions; 225-third recessed part; 226-arc opening; 23-diameter-expanded outer cylinder; 24-reduced-diameter inner cylinder; 241-first protrusion; 242-first recessed part; 25-ring Cavity; 26-annular air duct; 27-air inlet; 28-air outlet; 30-air outlet; 40-feeding port; 50-feeding pipe; 51-flat mouth; 60-material guide impeller; 61-leaf Axle; 62-scraper; 70-ring wind wheel; 71-inner ring; 72-outer ring; 73-blade; 81-outer ring gear; 82-first bevel gear; 83-transmission shaft; 84-first Gear; 85-Second Bevel Gear; 90-Sprinkler Plate; 101-Fixed Ring Plate; 102-Rotating Ring Plate; 103-Air Hole; 104-Paddle; 105-Servo Motor; gear.

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are therefore only used as examples, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the technical or scientific terms used in the present application should have the usual meanings understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

As shown in Figures 1-4, an embodiment of the present invention provides a cyclone preheater for a cement precalciner kiln, comprising a cyclone 10, a rising pipe 20 tangentially connected to the upper part of the cyclone 10, and a cyclone The air outlet 30 at the upper end of the cylinder 10 , the feeding port 40 provided at the lower end of the cyclone cylinder 10 , the feeding pipe 50 connected to the ascending pipe 20 , and the material guiding impeller 60 .

The guide impeller 60 includes an impeller shaft 61 and a number of scrapers 62 arranged around the impeller shaft 61. The port where the feeding pipe 50 is connected to the rising pipe 20 is set as a flat port 51, and the impeller shaft 61 extends laterally and is rotatably installed on the flat. Inside the mouth 51 , the outer contour of the scraper 62 is tangent to the upper and lower side walls of the flat mouth 51 , respectively.

Using the above-mentioned cyclone preheater, the preheated raw meal powder material enters the ascending pipe 20 through the feeding pipe 50. Under the impact of the high-speed ascending airflow, the material is dispersed, and enters the cyclone cylinder 10 with the upward flow of the airflow, and the cyclone cylinder 10 is separated. The outgoing preheated raw meal powder enters the feeding pipe 50 of the cyclone preheater from the feeding port 40, and the gas separated from the cyclone cylinder 10 enters the ascending pipe 20 of the previous cyclone preheater from the air outlet 30.

By setting the port where the feeding pipe 50 is connected to the ascending pipe 20 as the flat port 51, and installing the material guide impeller 60 at the flat port 51, the material guide impeller 60 rotates clockwise and removes the material from the upper side wall of the flat port 51. Sprinkle into the rising pipe 20, which can effectively prevent the feeding pipe 50 from blocking the pipe and the air flow from entering the feeding pipe 50, ensuring that the material can be continuously and evenly sprinkled into the ascending pipe 20, improving the uniformity of feeding, and the material entering the ascending pipe The dispersion of 20 is better, and the heat exchange effect with the hot air flow is also better.

In one embodiment, referring to FIGS. 2 , 3 and 4 , the rising pipe 20 has a bulk material section 21 , and the bulk material section 21 includes a connecting middle cylinder 22 that is connected with the rising pipes 20 on the upper and lower sides, and is located in the connecting pipe 22 . The outer tube 23 with an enlarged diameter outside the middle tube 22 and the inner tube 24 with a reduced diameter arranged in the middle tube 22 in the same way. An annular cavity 25 is formed between the diameter-expanding outer cylinder 23 and the intermediate cylinder 22, and an annular air duct 26 is formed between the intermediate cylinder 22 and the inner cylinder 24, and the lower end of the inner cylinder 24 is connected to the intermediate cylinder 24. An air inlet 27 is formed between 22 , and an air outlet 28 is formed between the upper end of the reduced-diameter inner cylinder 24 and the intermediate cylinder 22 . The annular air duct 26 is provided with an annular wind wheel 70. The annular wind wheel 70 includes an inner ring 71 that is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the reduced-diameter inner tube 24, an outer ring 72 that is rotatably arranged in the middle tube 22, and is connected to the inner ring. 71 and a plurality of blades 73 between the outer ring 72, and the outer circumference of the outer ring 72 is provided with an outer gear ring 81 passing through the outside of the middle cylinder 22. The flat mouth 51 passes through the annular cavity 25 and the annular air duct 26 to access into the reduced diameter inner cylinder 24, the impeller shaft 61 passes through the flat mouth 51 and extends into the annular cavity 25, and a first bevel gear is coaxially installed 82 , a transmission shaft 83 is rotatably installed in the annular cavity 25 , and a first gear 84 meshing with the outer ring gear 81 and a second bevel gear 85 meshing with the first bevel gear 82 are coaxially installed on the transmission shaft 83 .

Part of the ascending airflow enters the reduced-diameter inner cylinder 24, and a part enters the annular air duct 26. The airflow entering the reduced-diameter inner cylinder 24 impacts and disperses the material and carries the material up. The airflow entering the annular air duct 26 drives the annular wind wheel 70 to rotate, and the outer teeth The ring 81 rotates with the annular wind wheel 70, the outer ring gear 81 drives the first gear 84 to rotate, the transmission shaft 83 rotates with the first gear 84, the second bevel gear 85 rotates with the transmission shaft 83, and the second bevel gear 85 drives the first bevel gear 82 to rotate, which in turn drives the guide impeller 60 to rotate, so as to realize the discharging of the unloading pipe 50.

Preferably, in order to improve the effect of material dispersing, the reducing inner cylinder 24 is provided with a spreading plate 90 located on the lower side of the flat mouth 51, and the material spreading plate 90 scattered by the material guide impeller 60 is further scattered and folded toward , and then further dispersed and suspended by the gas.

Preferably, the diameter-reducing inner cylinder 24 is provided with a first protruding portion 241 that protrudes inwardly, a first concave portion 242 is formed on the outer side of the first protruding portion 241, and the inner ring 71 is rotatably disposed in the first concave portion 242, By arranging the first protruding portion 241 inside the reduced-diameter inner cylinder 24, the air passage area of the reduced-diameter inner cylinder 24 can be reduced, the airflow at this location can be accelerated, and the impact of the airflow on the material, dispersing, and suspending ability can be improved. At the same time, a first concave portion 242 is formed on the outer side thereof, which is convenient for limiting the installation of the inner ring 71 of the annular wind wheel 70 .

Preferably, the connecting middle cylinder 22 is provided with a second protruding portion 221 protruding outward, a second concave portion 222 is formed on the inner side of the second protruding portion 221, and the outer ring 72 is rotatably arranged in the second concave portion 222, The second protruding portion 221 is provided with an annular opening 223 through which the outer gear ring 81 passes. By arranging the second protruding portion 221 on the intermediate cylinder 22 and forming the second concave portion 222 on the inner side thereof, it is convenient to limit the position. The outer ring 72 of the annular rotor 70 is installed.

In one embodiment, the air passage area of the air outlet 28 is adjustable, and by adjusting the air passage area of the air outlet 28, the ratio of the air volume entering the reduced-diameter inner cylinder 24 and the annular air duct 26 can be adjusted, so as to control the guide impeller. The function of the rotation speed of 60 and the air flow rate in the reduced diameter inner cylinder 24 achieves the purpose of balancing the material sprinkling speed and the air flow rate of the dispersing material, so as to achieve the best ratio.

Specifically, the air outlet 28 is provided with a fixed annular plate 101 fixed between the enlarged diameter outer cylinder 23 and the intermediate cylinder 22, and a rotating annular plate 102 attached to the upper side of the fixed annular plate 101. The annular plate 101 and the rotating annular plate 102 are respectively provided with air passages 103 that can be staggered or overlapped. By driving the rotating annular plate 102 to rotate, the air passages on the fixed annular plate 101 and the rotating annular plate 102 can be adjusted. The coincidence degree of 103 can adjust the air passing area of the air outlet 28 .

Preferably, a third protruding portion 224 protruding outward is provided on the connecting middle cylinder 22 , and a third concave portion 225 is formed on the inner side of the third protruding portion 224 . , and the outer edge of the rotating annular plate 102 is placed in the third concave portion 225. By setting the third convex portion 224 on the intermediate cylinder 22 and the third concave portion 225 on the inner side thereof, it is convenient to limit the installation of the rotating ring shape plate 102 .

This embodiment also includes a driving mechanism. The third protruding portion 224 is provided with an arc-shaped opening 226 along the circumferential direction. The rotating annular plate 102 is connected with a paddle 104 passing through the arc-shaped opening 226. The driving mechanism is connected to the paddle 104. It is used to drive the rotating annular plate 102 to rotate. Specifically, the outer end of the paddle 104 is arc-shaped and has gear teeth. The driving mechanism includes a servo motor 105 installed in the annular cavity 25 and a second gear 106 coaxially installed on the output shaft of the servo motor 105 . , the second gear 106 meshes with the gear teeth at the outer end of the paddle 104 . When adjusting the air passing area of the air outlet 28 , the servo motor 105 drives the paddle 104 to rotate through the second gear 106 , so as to drive the rotating annular plate 102 to rotate.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand: It is still possible to modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. The scope of the present invention shall be included in the scope of the claims and description of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A cyclone preheater for a cement precalcining kiln, comprising a cyclone, a rising pipe tangentially connected to the upper part of the cyclone, an air flow outlet located at the upper end of the cyclone, an outlet located at the lower end of the cyclone. The feeding port and the feeding pipe connected to the ascending pipeline are characterized in that it further includes a material guide impeller, and the material guide impeller includes an impeller shaft and several scrapers arranged around the outside of the impeller shaft. The port where the material pipe is connected to the rising pipe is set as a flat mouth, the impeller shaft extends laterally and is rotatably installed in the flat mouth, and the outer contour of the scraper is tangent to the upper and lower side walls of the flat mouth respectively. ; The ascending pipeline has a bulk material section, and the bulk material section includes a connecting middle cylinder that is connected with the ascending pipeline on the upper and lower sides, a diameter-expanding outer cylinder disposed outside the connecting middle cylinder, and an outer cylinder that is disposed on the connecting pipe. The reduced diameter inner cylinder in the middle cylinder; An annular cavity is formed between the diameter-expanding outer cylinder and the splicing middle cylinder, an annular air duct is formed between the splicing middle cylinder and the diameter-reducing inner cylinder, and the lower end of the reducing-diameter inner cylinder and the splicing middle cylinder are formed Air inlet, an air outlet is formed between the upper end of the reduced diameter inner cylinder and the intermediate cylinder; An annular wind wheel is arranged in the annular air duct, and the annular wind wheel includes an inner ring that is rotatably sleeved outside the inner tube of the reduced diameter, an outer ring that is rotatably arranged inside the connecting middle tube, and is connected to the outer ring. a plurality of blades between the inner ring and the outer ring, the outer circumference of the outer ring is provided with an outer gear ring that penetrates the outside of the intermediate cylinder; The flat mouth passes through the annular cavity and the annular air duct to be connected into the diameter-reduced inner cylinder, the impeller shaft passes through the flat mouth and extends into the annular cavity, and a first bevel gear is coaxially installed, so A transmission shaft is rotatably installed in the annular cavity, and a first gear meshed with the outer ring gear and a second bevel gear meshed with the first bevel gear are coaxially installed on the transmission shaft. 2 . The cyclone preheater for a cement precalcining kiln according to claim 1 , wherein the inner cylinder with a reduced diameter is provided with a spreading plate located on the lower side of the flat mouth. 3 . 3 . The cyclone preheater for a cement precalcining kiln according to claim 1 , wherein the diameter-reduced inner cylinder is provided with a first protruding portion protruding inward, and the first protruding portion is 3. 4 . A first concave portion is formed on the outer side, and the inner ring is rotatably arranged in the first concave portion. 4 . The cyclone preheater for a cement precalcining kiln according to claim 1 , wherein the intermediate barrel is provided with a second protrusion that protrudes outward, and the second protrusion is A second concave portion is formed on the inner side, the outer ring is rotatably arranged in the second concave portion, and an annular opening for the outer gear ring to pass through is provided on the second protruding portion. 5. The cyclone preheater for a cement precalcining kiln according to claim 1, wherein the air passage area of the air outlet is adjustable. 6. The cyclone preheater for a cement precalcining kiln according to claim 5, wherein the air outlet is provided with a fixed annular plate, and a rotating annular plate attached to the upper side of the fixed annular plate, the fixed annular plate and the rotating annular plate are respectively provided with air passages that can be staggered or overlapped. 7 . The cyclone preheater for a cement precalcining kiln according to claim 6 , wherein the intermediate barrel is provided with a third protrusion that protrudes outward, and the third protrusion is A third concave portion is formed on the inner side, the rotating annular plate is sleeved outside the diameter-reduced inner cylinder, and the outer edge of the rotating annular plate is placed in the third concave portion, and the third protruding portion is provided with a circumferential direction. an arc-shaped opening, and a paddle passing through the arc-shaped opening is connected to the rotating annular plate; A driving mechanism is also included, the driving mechanism is connected with the paddle, and is used for driving the rotating annular plate to rotate. 8. The cyclone preheater for a cement precalcining kiln according to claim 7, wherein the outer end of the pick is arc-shaped and provided with gear teeth; The driving mechanism includes a servo motor mounted in the annular cavity, a second gear coaxially mounted on the output shaft of the servo motor, and the second gear meshes with the gear teeth at the outer end of the paddle.

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