CN112049124A

CN112049124A - Foundation pit slope protection construction method

Info

Publication number: CN112049124A
Application number: CN202011039944.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 不公告发明人
Original assignee: Anhui Lanxi Engineering Technology Development Co ltd
Current assignee: Anhui Lanxi Engineering Technology Development Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-28
Filing date: 2020-09-28
Publication date: 2020-12-08

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of building construction, and particularly relates to a foundation pit slope protection construction method, which comprises the following steps: step 1: the method is used for trimming the foundation pit slope protection surface by the excavator; step 2: drilling holes on the slope protection surface, and embedding a drain pipe and an anchor rod perpendicular to the slope protection surface; and step 3: laying and binding a reinforcing mesh on the slope protection surface, and welding and fixing the nodes of the reinforcing mesh close to the anchor rods with the anchor rods; and 4, step 4: spraying cement mortar to the slope protection surface; the spray head mechanism has two states of rotary spraying and vertical spraying, mortar can be obliquely sprayed to the area below the reinforcing steel bar net in the rotary spraying state, the space below the reinforcing steel bar net is fully filled with the mortar, the surface of the mortar can be trimmed in the vertical spraying state, the spraying is more uniform, and the surface flatness of the protective slope surface is ensured.

Description

Foundation pit slope protection construction method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of building construction, and particularly relates to a foundation pit slope protection construction method.

Background

Before building construction, a foundation pit needs to be excavated, and then construction of a building foundation is carried out in the foundation pit. In order to prevent the slope surface of the foundation pit from collapsing, the slope surface of the foundation pit generally needs to be reinforced, the common reinforcing mode is reinforcing steel bar net rack cement mortar, namely reinforcing steel bar nets are paved on the slope surface at present and then the cement mortar is sprayed on the slope surface. However, the laying process of the mesh reinforcement is before the guniting process, so the mesh reinforcement can block the grout to a certain extent during the guniting operation, the grout cannot fully fill the area right below the steel wire, but the phenomenon of hollowing of the slope protection surface layer is caused, and the construction quality is affected.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a foundation pit slope protection construction method which can avoid hollowing of a mortar layer and improve the spraying uniformity of mortar.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a foundation pit slope protection construction method comprises the following steps:

step 1: the method is used for trimming the foundation pit slope protection surface by the excavator;

step 2: drilling holes on the slope protection surface, and embedding a drain pipe and an anchor rod perpendicular to the slope protection surface;

and step 3: laying and binding a reinforcing mesh on the slope protection surface, and welding and fixing the nodes of the reinforcing mesh close to the anchor rods with the anchor rods;

and 4, step 4: spraying cement mortar to the slope protection surface;

in the step 4, when cement mortar is sprayed, the spray head is firstly inclined at a certain angle relative to the slope protection surface, and a rotary path is adopted for spraying, so that the cement mortar is fully filled in the space below the reinforcing mesh; when the thickness of the cement mortar is flush with the thickness of the reinforcing mesh, the spray head is perpendicular to the slope protection surface and carries out spraying along a straight path.

In the step 4, construction is carried out by adopting a foundation pit slope protection guniting manipulator, wherein the foundation pit slope protection guniting manipulator comprises a swing arm mechanism and a multifunctional mortar sprayer mechanism arranged at the front end of the swing arm mechanism; the multifunctional mortar sprayer mechanism is arranged on the rotary table, the rotary table is rotatably arranged on the sliding table, the sliding table is connected with the swing arm in a sliding mode along the length direction of the swing arm, the swing arm is rotatably connected with the middle seat, the middle seat is rotatably connected with the large arm, a rotating shaft between the swing arm and the middle seat is perpendicular to a rotating shaft between the middle seat and the large arm, and the rotating shaft of the rotary table is parallel to the rotating shaft between the swing arm and the middle seat; a third linkage mechanism is arranged among the rotary table, the swing arm and the rotary arm, and is assembled to drive the rotary table to rotate relative to the sliding table when the upper swing arm rotates relative to the middle base, the rotating angular speed of the rotary table is the same as that of the swing arm, and the rotating direction of the rotary table is opposite to that of the swing arm; the multifunctional mortar sprayer mechanism comprises a fixed pipe and a gyrotron, the fixed pipe is fixedly connected with an installation plate, the installation plate is arranged on a rotary table in a sliding mode, the sliding direction of the installation plate is parallel to the axis direction of a main pipe, the gyrotron comprises a main pipe and two branch pipes which are arranged at one end of the main pipe in a branching mode, one end, away from the branch pipes, of the main pipe is rotatably connected with the fixed pipe, the two branch pipes respectively extend in two opposite radial directions of the main pipe, a rotary sprayer is arranged at the end portions of the two branch pipes respectively, the rotary sprayer is rotatably connected with the branch pipes, a rotating shaft of the rotary sprayer is parallel to the length direction of the branch pipes, and the spraying direction of the rotary; the rotary sprayer is assembled to move between the following two stations: in the first station, the spraying direction of the rotary spray head and the axis of the main pipe form an included angle, and the reaction force generated when the rotary spray head sprays mortar under the first station can push the rotary pipe to rotate; the spraying direction of the rotary spray head is parallel to the axial direction of the main pipe, and the rotary pipe is static relative to the fixed pipe under the station; the device also comprises a switching mechanism for driving the rotary spray head to switch between the first station and the second station; the fixed pipe is communicated with the ash spraying pipe and the water spraying pipe.

The foundation pit slope protection slurry spraying manipulator further comprises a rotary arm, the rotary arm is fixedly connected with the rotary pipe, and the rotary spray head is rotatably connected with the rotary arm through a bearing; the switching mechanism comprises a floating roller arranged on the rotary arm, the floating roller is rotatably arranged on a roller support, the axis of the floating roller is arranged along the radial direction of the main pipe, the roller support is arranged on the rotary arm in a sliding mode, the sliding direction of the roller support is parallel to the axis direction of the main pipe, and an annular roller path matched with the floating roller is arranged on the mounting disc; a first pressure spring is arranged between the roller bracket and the rotary arm, and the first pressure spring is assembled to enable the elastic force of the first pressure spring to drive the roller bracket to slide towards the direction close to the environmental roller path; the annular roller path is provided with a telescopic block, the telescopic block is in sliding connection with the mounting disc and is provided with a station a and a station b, when the telescopic block is at the station a, the telescopic block is flush with the annular roller path, the floating roller can continuously walk along the annular roller path, when the telescopic block is at the station b, the telescopic block slides towards the direction far away from the floating roller and forms a pit on the annular roller path, and at the moment, the floating roller can sink into the pit under the action of a first pressure spring; and a first linkage mechanism is arranged between the roller bracket and the rotary sprayer, and is assembled to enable the rotary sprayer to be kept at the first station when the floating roller runs on the annular roller path, and to switch the rotary sprayer at the first station to the second station when the floating roller falls into the pit.

The first linkage mechanism comprises a transition shaft which is rotatably connected with the rotary arm, a first gear is fixedly connected to the transition shaft, a second gear is fixedly connected to the rotary nozzle, the first gear is meshed with the second gear, a swing rod is further fixedly connected to the transition shaft, the swing rod extends in a radial protruding mode along the transition shaft, a pin rod is arranged at the end of the swing rod, a push block is fixedly connected to the roller support, a waist-shaped groove is formed in the push block, and the waist-shaped groove is in sliding pin joint with the pin rod.

The mounting disc is provided with a first position and a second position along the self sliding direction, a second linkage mechanism is arranged among the telescopic block, the mounting disc and the rotary table, and the second linkage mechanism is assembled to enable the telescopic block to move from the station a to the station b when the mounting disc moves from the first position to the second position and enable the telescopic block to move from the station b to the station a when the mounting disc moves from the second position to the first position; a piston cylinder for driving the mounting disc to slide is arranged on the rotary table; the second linkage mechanism comprises an ejector rod fixedly connected with the telescopic block, the ejector rod is connected with a support arranged on the mounting disc in a sliding mode, a first wedge-shaped block is fixedly connected onto the ejector rod, a first wedge-shaped driving block is arranged on the support in a sliding mode, the sliding direction of the first wedge-shaped driving block is perpendicular to the axis direction of the main pipe, a second wedge-shaped block is fixedly connected onto the first wedge-shaped driving block, and a second wedge-shaped driving block is arranged on the rotary table; the first wedge-shaped block and the first wedge-shaped driving block form inclined surface transmission fit, the second wedge-shaped block and the second wedge-shaped driving block form inclined surface transmission fit, when the mounting disc slides from the second position to the first position, the second wedge-shaped driving block drives the second wedge-shaped block and the first wedge-shaped driving block to slide, and the first wedge-shaped driving block drives the first wedge-shaped block to slide again so as to drive the telescopic block to move from the station b to the station a through the ejector rod; and a second pressure spring is arranged between the first wedge-shaped driving block and the support, when the mounting disc slides from the first position to the second position, the second wedge-shaped block is gradually separated from the second wedge-shaped driving block, the first wedge-shaped driving block is gradually separated from the first wedge-shaped block under the action of the second pressure spring, and at the moment, the telescopic block can move from the station a to the station b under the extruding and pushing action of the floating roller.

The telescopic blocks are provided with two pairs, namely a first telescopic block and a second telescopic block, the first telescopic block and the second telescopic block are arranged at intervals of 90 degrees along the circumferential direction of the mounting disc, the mounting disc is also provided with a third position, and the first position is positioned between the second position and the third position; when the mounting disc is located at the first position, the second wedge-shaped block and the second wedge-shaped driving block corresponding to the first telescopic block are tightly abutted with each other, and the second wedge-shaped block and the second wedge-shaped driving block corresponding to the second telescopic block are tightly abutted with each other; when the mounting disc is located at the second position, the second wedge-shaped block and the second wedge-shaped driving block corresponding to the first telescopic block are separated from each other, and the second wedge-shaped block and the second wedge-shaped driving block corresponding to the second telescopic block are abutted against each other; when the mounting disc is located the third position, the second wedge-shaped block and the second wedge-shaped driving block corresponding to the first telescopic block are mutually abutted, and the second wedge-shaped block and the second wedge-shaped driving block corresponding to the second telescopic block are mutually separated.

The roller support is provided with an inserting block, the width of the inserting block is larger than the diameter of the roller and is consistent with the width of the telescopic block, and chamfers are arranged on the edge of one end, facing the telescopic block, of the inserting block and the edge of one end, facing the inserting block, of the sliding channel where the telescopic block is located; side guard plates are arranged on two sides of the annular roller path, a mud guard ring is arranged between the two side guard plates, and the mud guard ring is fixedly connected with the rotary arm; the jet orifice of the rotary spray head is flat, and the length direction of the jet orifice is parallel to the direction of the rotary axis of the rotary spray head.

The third linkage mechanism comprises a first chain wheel fixedly connected with the rotary table, a second chain wheel fixedly connected with the middle base and an annular chain tensioned between the first chain wheel and the second chain wheel, the first chain wheel is coaxially arranged with a rotary shaft of the rotary table, and the second chain wheel is coaxially arranged with a rotary shaft of the swing arm; a movable tensioning mechanism is arranged between the first chain wheel and the second chain wheel and is assembled to enable a chain between the first chain wheel and the second chain wheel to keep a tensioning state when the rotary table slides on the swing arm along with the sliding table; the movable tensioning mechanism comprises a sliding seat, the sliding seat is connected with the swing arm in a sliding mode along the length direction of the swing arm, the sliding seat is assembled to enable the sliding direction of the sliding seat to be always the same as that of the sliding table, and the sliding speed of the sliding seat is always 0.5 times that of the sliding table; two first guide wheels are symmetrically arranged on the sliding seat, two second guide wheels are symmetrically arranged on the swing arm, two parallel sections of chains between the first chain wheel and the second chain wheel respectively and sequentially pass around the two first guide wheels and the two second guide wheels, and all straight line sections of the chains are parallel to each other; the first guide wheel and the second guide wheel are chain wheels.

The third guide wheel is positioned on the sliding seat, the fourth guide wheel is positioned at one end, close to the second chain wheel, of the swing arm, and the fifth guide wheel is positioned at one end, far away from the second chain wheel, of the swing arm; one end of a traction rope is fixed at one end, close to the second chain wheel, of the swing arm, the traction rope sequentially rounds a third guide wheel, a fourth guide wheel and a fifth guide wheel from the end of the traction rope, and then the traction rope is fixed on the sliding table, and all straight line sections of the traction rope are parallel to each other; the swing arm is provided with a lead screw in a rotating mode, the sliding seat is provided with a nut block, the lead screw and the nut block form threaded fit, and the lead screw is fixedly connected with a main shaft of the servo motor and used for driving the sliding seat to slide.

The sliding table is also provided with two sixth guide wheels, and the two sixth guide wheels are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the first chain wheel; the middle seat is provided with a fixed shaft which is fixedly connected with the middle seat, the second chain wheel is fixed on the fixed shaft, the swing arm is fixedly provided with a tubular shaft which is sleeved on the fixed shaft and is rotationally connected with the fixed shaft, the tubular shaft is provided with a third gear, the middle seat is provided with a motor, a main shaft of the motor is provided with a fourth gear, and the fourth gear is meshed with the third gear and is used for driving the swing arm to rotate; the traction rope is a steel wire rope; and the large arm is provided with a pitching driving motor for driving the middle seat to rotate relative to the large arm.

The invention has the technical effects that: when the swing arm swings, the third linkage mechanism can keep the rotary table in a constant posture, the sliding table slides along the swing arm in the swing process of the swing arm, the swinging action and the sliding action are superposed to realize the spraying of various paths, such as a straight path or a wave-shaped path, and further, protruding components such as anchor rods, drain pipes and the like on a slope protection surface can be flexibly avoided, the large arm does not need to move when the mechanical arm is used for spraying in a certain range, the motion process of the mechanical arm is simplified to the maximum extent, and the energy consumption of equipment is reduced; the spray head mechanism has two states of rotary spraying and vertical spraying, mortar can be obliquely sprayed to the area below the reinforcing steel bar net in the rotary spraying state, the space below the reinforcing steel bar net is fully filled with the mortar, the surface of the mortar can be trimmed in the vertical spraying state, the spraying is more uniform, and the surface flatness of the protective slope surface is ensured.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of foundation pit slope protection construction provided by an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 2 is a perspective view of a guniting robot provided by an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a top view of a guniting robot provided by an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line A of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of section I of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged partial view of II of FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 3;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view C-C of FIG. 3;

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a swivel head steering arrangement provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a perspective view of a locking mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order that the objects and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood, the following description is given in conjunction with the accompanying examples. It is to be understood that the following text is merely illustrative of one or more specific embodiments of the invention and does not strictly limit the scope of the invention as specifically claimed.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 2, a foundation pit slope protection guniting manipulator comprises a swing arm mechanism and a multifunctional mortar sprayer mechanism arranged at the front end of the swing arm mechanism; the multifunctional mortar sprayer mechanism is mounted on the rotary table 22, the rotary table 22 is rotatably arranged on the sliding table 21, the sliding table 21 is slidably connected with the swing arm 21 along the length direction of the swing arm 21, the swing arm 21 is rotatably connected with the middle base 30, the middle base 30 is rotatably connected with the large arm 40, a rotating shaft between the swing arm 21 and the middle base 30 is perpendicular to a rotating shaft between the middle base 30 and the large arm 40, and the rotating shaft of the rotary table 22 is parallel to the rotating shaft between the swing arm 21 and the middle base 30; a third linkage mechanism is arranged among the rotary table 22, the swing arm 21 and the rotary arm, and is assembled to drive the rotary table 22 to rotate relative to the sliding table 21 when the upper swing arm 21 rotates relative to the middle base 30, the rotating angular speed of the rotary table 22 is the same as that of the swing arm 21, and the rotating direction of the rotary table 22 is opposite to that of the swing arm 21.

When the swing arm 21 swings, the third linkage mechanism can keep the rotary table 22 in a constant posture, the sliding table 21 slides along the swing arm 21 in the swing process of the swing arm 21, the swing action and the sliding action are superposed to realize spraying of various paths, such as a straight path or a wave-shaped path, and further, protruding components such as anchor rods, drain pipes and the like on a slope protection surface can be flexibly avoided, the large arm 40 does not need to move when the mechanical arm performs spraying in a certain range, the motion process of the mechanical arm is simplified to the maximum extent, and the energy consumption of equipment is reduced.

The multifunctional mortar sprayer mechanism comprises a fixed pipe 11 and a rotary pipe 12, wherein the fixed pipe 11 is fixedly connected with a mounting disc 10, the mounting disc 10 is arranged on a rotary table 22 in a sliding mode, the sliding direction of the mounting disc is parallel to the axis direction of a main pipe, the rotary pipe 12 comprises a main pipe and two branch pipes which are arranged at one end of the main pipe in a branching mode, one end, away from the branch pipes, of the main pipe is rotatably connected with the fixed pipe 11, the two branch pipes respectively extend in two opposite radial directions of the main pipe, a rotary sprayer 13 is arranged at the end portion of each branch pipe, the rotary sprayer 13 is rotatably connected with the branch pipes, the rotating shaft of each branch pipe is parallel to the length direction of the corresponding branch pipe, and the spraying direction of the rotary sprayer 13 is; the rotary sprayer 13 is mounted to move between: in the first station, the spraying direction of the rotary spray head 13 and the axis of the main pipe form an included angle, and the reaction force generated when the rotary spray head 13 sprays mortar under the first station can push the rotary pipe 12 to rotate; in the second station, the spraying direction of the rotary spray head 13 is parallel to the axial direction of the main pipe, and the rotary pipe 12 is static relative to the fixed pipe 11 in the second station; the device also comprises a switching mechanism for driving the rotary spray head 13 to switch between a first station and a second station; the fixed pipe 11 is communicated with the ash spraying pipe and the water spraying pipe.

The spray head mechanism has two states of rotary spraying and vertical spraying, mortar can be obliquely sprayed to the area below the reinforcing steel bar net in the rotary spraying state, the space below the reinforcing steel bar net is fully filled with the mortar, the surface of the mortar can be trimmed in the vertical spraying state, the spraying is more uniform, and the surface flatness of the protective slope surface is ensured.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, 4, 5, 8 and 9, the spray head further comprises a revolving arm 14, wherein the revolving arm 14 is fixedly connected with the revolving pipe 12, and the revolving spray head 13 is rotatably connected with the revolving arm 14 through a bearing; the switching mechanism comprises a floating roller 15 arranged on the rotary arm 14, the floating roller 15 is rotatably arranged on a roller support 151, the axis of the floating roller 15 is arranged along the radial direction of the main pipe, the roller support 151 is arranged on the rotary arm 14 in a sliding mode, the sliding direction of the roller support 151 is parallel to the axis direction of the main pipe, and an annular roller path matched with the floating roller 15 is arranged on the mounting disc 10; a first pressure spring 152 is arranged between the roller bracket 151 and the rotary arm 14, and the first pressure spring 152 is assembled so that the elasticity thereof can drive the roller bracket 151 to slide towards the direction close to the environmental raceway; the annular roller path is provided with a telescopic block 102, the telescopic block 102 is in sliding connection with the mounting disc 10, the telescopic block 102 is provided with a station a and a station b, when the telescopic block 102 is at the station a, the telescopic block 102 is flush with the annular roller path, at the moment, the floating roller 15 can continuously walk along the annular roller path, when the telescopic block 102 is at the station b, the telescopic block 102 slides towards the direction far away from the floating roller 15 and forms a pit on the annular roller path, and at the moment, the floating roller 15 can sink into the pit under the action of the first pressure spring 152; a first linkage mechanism is arranged between the roller bracket 151 and the rotary spray head 13, and is assembled to enable the rotary spray head 13 to be kept at the first station when the floating roller 15 runs on the circular raceway, and to enable the rotary spray head 13 at the first station to be switched to the second station when the floating roller 15 is sunk into the pit.

The invention utilizes the matching of the floating roller 15 and the telescopic block 102 to realize the automatic locking of the rotary spray head 13 on one hand and drive the rotary spray head 13 to automatically adjust the direction on the other hand, when the rotary spray head 13 is locked, the vertical spraying state can be switched, the structural design is ingenious, and the equipment cost is low.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, 8, and 9, the first linkage mechanism includes a transition shaft 16 rotatably connected to the rotation arm 14, a first gear 161 is fixedly connected to the transition shaft 16, a second gear 131 is fixedly connected to the rotation nozzle 13, the first gear 161 is engaged with the second gear 131, a swing rod 162 is further fixedly connected to the transition shaft 16, the swing rod 162 radially protrudes and extends along the transition shaft 16, a pin 163 is disposed at an end of the swing rod 162, a push block 153 is fixedly connected to the roller bracket 151, a waist-shaped groove is disposed on the push block 153, and the waist-shaped groove is slidably pivoted to the pin 163.

Preferably, the mounting plate 10 has a first position and a second position along the sliding direction thereof, and a second linkage mechanism is provided among the telescopic block 102, the mounting plate 10 and the turntable 22, and is configured to enable the telescopic block 102 to move from the station a to the station b when the mounting plate 10 moves from the first position to the second position, and enable the telescopic block 102 to move from the station b to the station a when the mounting plate 10 moves from the second position to the first position; a piston cylinder for driving the mounting disc 10 to slide is arranged on the rotary table 22; as shown in fig. 6, 7 and 10, the second linkage mechanism includes a top rod 103 fixedly connected to the telescopic block 102, the top rod 103 is slidably connected to a support provided on the mounting plate 10, a first wedge block 17 is fixedly connected to the top rod 103, a first wedge driving block 171 is slidably provided on the support, a sliding direction of the first wedge driving block 171 is perpendicular to an axial direction of the main pipe, a second wedge block 172 is fixedly connected to the first wedge driving block 171, and a second wedge driving block 221 is provided on the rotary table 22; the first wedge block 17 and the first wedge driving block 171 form an inclined surface transmission fit, the second wedge block 172 and the second wedge driving block 221 form an inclined surface transmission fit, when the mounting plate 10 slides from the second position to the first position, the second wedge driving block drives the second wedge block 172 and the first wedge driving block 171 to slide, the first wedge driving block 171 drives the first wedge block 17 to slide, and then the telescopic block 102 is driven by the ejector rod 103 to move from the station b to the station a; a second pressure spring is arranged between the first wedge-shaped driving block 171 and the support, when the mounting disc 10 slides from the first position to the second position, the second wedge-shaped block 172 gradually disengages from the second wedge-shaped driving block 221, the first wedge-shaped driving block 171 gradually disengages from the first wedge-shaped block 17 under the action of the second pressure spring, and at this time, the telescopic block 102 can move from the station a to the station b under the squeezing and pushing action of the floating roller 15.

Furthermore, two pairs of telescopic blocks 102 are arranged, namely a first telescopic block 102 and a second telescopic block 102, the first telescopic block 102 and the second telescopic block 102 are arranged at intervals of 90 degrees along the circumferential direction of the mounting disc 10, the mounting disc 10 further has a third position, and the first position is located between the second position and the third position; when the mounting plate 10 is located at the first position, the second wedge-shaped block 172 and the second wedge-shaped driving block 221 corresponding to the first telescopic block 102 are abutted against each other, and the second wedge-shaped block 172 and the second wedge-shaped driving block 221 corresponding to the second telescopic block 102 are abutted against each other; when the mounting plate 10 is located at the second position, the second wedge-shaped block 172 and the second wedge-shaped driving block 221 corresponding to the first telescopic block 102 are separated from each other, and the second wedge-shaped block 172 and the second wedge-shaped driving block 221 corresponding to the second telescopic block 102 are abutted against each other; when the mounting plate 10 is located at the third position, the second wedge-shaped block 172 and the second wedge-shaped driving block 221 corresponding to the first telescopic block 102 are abutted against each other, and the second wedge-shaped block 172 and the second wedge-shaped driving block 221 corresponding to the second telescopic block 102 are separated from each other.

According to the invention, the switching of the states of the rotary spray heads is realized by utilizing the up-and-down floating of the mounting disc 10, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, when the mounting disc 10 is at the position shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the first wedge-shaped block 17 is pressed, and the telescopic block 102 cannot move upwards, so that the floating roller can continuously roll along the annular roller path; when the mounting plate 10 moves upward relative to the turntable 22, the second wedge block 172 in fig. 6 is disengaged from the second wedge drive block 221, while the second wedge block 172 in fig. 7 is not disengaged from the second wedge drive block 221, thereby releasing one set of the telescopic blocks 102; conversely, when the mounting plate 10 is lowered relative to the turntable 22, the second wedge block 172 in fig. 7 is separated from the second wedge drive block 221, while the second wedge block 172 in fig. 6 is not separated from the second wedge drive block 221, so that the other set of telescopic blocks 102 is released; therefore, the rotary spray head 13 is fixed in two different directions, and the requirements of different spraying processes are met.

As shown in fig. 8, the roller bracket 151 is provided with an insertion block 154, the width of the insertion block 154 is larger than the diameter of the roller and is the same as the width of the telescopic block 102, and the edge of the insertion block 154 facing one end of the telescopic block 102 and the edge of the sliding channel where the telescopic block 102 is located facing one end of the insertion block 154 are both provided with chamfers; side guard plates 104 are arranged on two sides of the annular roller path, a mud guard ring 141 is arranged between the two side guard plates 104, and the mud guard ring 141 is fixedly connected with the rotary arm 14; the ejection opening of the rotary head 13 is flat, and the length direction of the ejection opening is parallel to the direction of the rotation axis of the rotary head 13.

The insertion block 154 can be tightly inserted into the concave pit when the floating roller 15 is sunk into the concave pit to prevent the floating roller 15 from shaking in the concave pit. The flat nozzle can spray the mortar outwards in a fan shape, and the spraying area is wide and the spraying is more uniform.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the third link mechanism includes a first sprocket 23 fixedly connected to the turntable 22, a second sprocket 24 fixedly connected to the middle base 30, and an endless chain 25 tensioned between the first sprocket 23 and the second sprocket 24, wherein the first sprocket 23 is coaxially disposed with a rotating shaft of the turntable 22, and the second sprocket 24 is coaxially disposed with a rotating shaft of the swing arm 21; a movable tensioning mechanism is arranged between the first chain wheel 23 and the second chain wheel 24 and is assembled to enable the chain between the first chain wheel 23 and the second chain wheel 24 to be kept in a tensioned state when the rotary table 22 slides on the swing arm 21 along with the sliding table 21; the movable tensioning mechanism comprises a sliding seat 26, the sliding seat 26 is connected with the swing arm 21 in a sliding mode along the length direction of the swing arm 21, the sliding seat 26 is assembled to enable the sliding direction of the sliding seat 26 to be always the same as that of the sliding table 21, and the sliding speed of the sliding seat 26 is always 0.5 times that of the sliding table 21; two first guide wheels 261 are symmetrically arranged on the sliding seat 26, two second guide wheels 203 are symmetrically arranged on the swing arm 21, two parallel chain sections between the first chain wheel 23 and the second chain wheel 24 respectively and sequentially pass around the two first guide wheels 261 and the second guide wheels 203, and all straight line sections of the chains are parallel to each other; first guide wheel 261 and second guide wheel 203 are both sprockets.

During the swing of swing arm 21, since second sprocket 24 is fixed relative to middle seat 30, second sprocket 24 rotates relative to swing arm 21, and thus first sprocket 23 rotates relative to swing arm 21, and the angle of rotation depends on the angle of swing arm 21, and the direction of rotation is opposite to the direction of swing arm 21, so first sprocket 23 does not actually rotate relative to the ground. In order to solve the problem of autorotation of the rotary table 22 and consider the problem of sliding of the rotary table 22 along with the sliding table 21, and ensure that the third linkage mechanism can be always effective in the sliding process of the rotary table 22, the chain tensioning mechanism is arranged and can shorten the chain along with the sliding of the rotary table 22, wherein the shortening actually means increasing the folding area of the chain, so that the span of the chain is shortened on the whole.

Further, the device also comprises a traction rope 28, and a third guide wheel 262, a fourth guide wheel 204 and a fifth guide wheel 205 for guiding the traction rope 28, wherein the third guide wheel 262 is located on the slide seat 26, the fourth guide wheel 204 is located at one end of the swing arm 21 close to the second chain wheel 24, and the fifth guide wheel 205 is located at one end of the swing arm 21 far from the second chain wheel 24; one end of the pulling rope 28 is fixed at one end of the swing arm 21 close to the second chain wheel 24, the pulling rope 28 sequentially bypasses the third guide wheel 262, the fourth guide wheel 204 and the fifth guide wheel 205 from the end, and then is fixed on the sliding table 21, and all straight line sections of the pulling rope 28 are parallel to each other; the swing arm 21 is provided with a lead screw 27 in a rotating manner, the sliding seat 26 is provided with a nut block, the lead screw 27 and the nut block form a threaded fit, and the lead screw 27 is fixedly connected with a main shaft of the servo motor and used for driving the sliding seat 26 to slide.

The invention not only utilizes the sliding seat 26 to solve the problem of chain tightening, but also utilizes a traction rope 28 to be matched with the chain to realize the bidirectional traction of the sliding seat 26 to the sliding table 21, thereby solving the problem of proportional movement of the sliding table 21 and the sliding seat 26.

Preferably, two sixth guide wheels 206 are further disposed on the sliding table 21, and the two sixth guide wheels 206 are symmetrically disposed on two sides of the first chain wheel 23.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 4, a fixed shaft 301 is arranged on the middle base 30, the fixed shaft 301 is fixedly connected with the middle base 30, the second chain wheel 24 is fixed on the fixed shaft 301, a pipe shaft 201 is fixedly arranged on the swing arm 21, the pipe shaft 201 is sleeved on the fixed shaft 301 and is rotatably connected with the fixed shaft 301, a third gear 202 is arranged on the pipe shaft 201, a motor is arranged on the middle base 30, a fourth gear 302 is arranged on a main shaft of the motor, and the fourth gear 302 is engaged with the third gear 202 and is used for driving the swing arm 21 to rotate; the traction rope 28 is a steel wire rope; the large arm 40 is provided with a pitching driving motor for driving the middle seat 30 to rotate relative to the large arm 40.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 1, a foundation pit slope protection construction method includes the following steps:

step 2: drilling holes on the slope protection surface, and embedding a drain pipe 3 and an anchor rod 1 vertical to the slope protection surface;

and step 3: paving and binding a reinforcing mesh 2 on the slope protection surface, and welding and fixing the nodes of the reinforcing mesh 2 close to the anchor rods 1 and the anchor rods 1;

and 4, step 4: spraying cement mortar to the slope protection surface;

in the step 4, when cement mortar is sprayed, the spray head is firstly inclined at a certain angle relative to the slope protection surface, and a rotary path is adopted for spraying, so that the cement mortar is fully filled in the space below the reinforcing mesh 2; when the thickness of the cement mortar is flush with the steel bar net 2, the spray head is perpendicular to the slope protection surface and carries out spraying along a straight path.

In the step 4, the spraying is performed by using the foundation pit slope protection guniting manipulator described in embodiment 1.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention. Structures, devices, and methods of operation not specifically described or illustrated herein are generally practiced in the art without specific recitation or limitation.

Claims

1. A foundation pit slope protection construction method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

step 2: drilling holes on the slope protection surface, and embedding a drain pipe (3) and an anchor rod (1) vertical to the slope protection surface;

and step 3: paving and binding a reinforcing mesh (2) on the slope protection surface, and welding and fixing the nodes of the reinforcing mesh (2) close to the anchor rods (1) and the anchor rods (1);

and 4, step 4: spraying cement mortar to the slope protection surface;

in the step 4, when cement mortar is sprayed, the spray head is firstly inclined at a certain angle relative to the slope protection surface, and a rotary path is adopted for spraying, so that the cement mortar is fully filled in the space below the reinforcing mesh (2); when the thickness of the cement mortar is flush with the steel bar net (2), the spray head is perpendicular to the slope protection surface and carries out spraying along a straight path.

2. The foundation pit slope protection construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 4, construction is carried out by adopting a foundation pit slope protection guniting manipulator, wherein the foundation pit slope protection guniting manipulator comprises a swing arm (21) mechanism and a multifunctional mortar sprayer mechanism arranged at the front end of the swing arm (21) mechanism; the multifunctional mortar sprayer is characterized in that the swing arm (21) mechanism comprises a rotary table (22), a sliding table (21), a swing arm (21), a middle seat (30) and a large arm (40), the multifunctional mortar sprayer mechanism is installed on the rotary table (22), the rotary table (22) is rotatably arranged on the sliding table (21), the sliding table (21) is slidably connected with the swing arm (21) along the length direction of the swing arm (21), the swing arm (21) is rotatably connected with the middle seat (30), the middle seat (30) is rotatably connected with the large arm (40), a rotating shaft between the swing arm (21) and the middle seat (30) is mutually vertical to a rotating shaft between the middle seat (30) and the large arm (40), and the rotating shaft of the rotary table (22) is parallel to the rotating shaft between the swing arm (21) and the middle seat (30); a third linkage mechanism is arranged among the rotary table (22), the swing arm (21) and the rotary arm (14), the third linkage mechanism is assembled to drive the rotary table (22) to rotate relative to the sliding table (21) when the upper swing arm (21) rotates relative to the middle base (30), the rotating angular speed of the rotary table (22) is the same as that of the swing arm (21), and the rotating direction of the rotary table (22) is opposite to that of the swing arm (21); the multifunctional mortar sprayer mechanism comprises a fixed pipe (11) and a rotary pipe (12), the fixed pipe (11) is fixedly connected with a mounting disc (10), the mounting disc (10) is arranged on a rotary table (22) in a sliding mode, the sliding direction of the mounting disc is parallel to the axial direction of a main pipe, the rotary pipe (12) comprises a main pipe and two branch pipes which are arranged at one end of the main pipe in a branching mode, one end, away from the branch pipes, of the main pipe is rotatably connected with the fixed pipe (11), the two branch pipes extend in two opposite radial directions of the main pipe respectively, a rotary sprayer (13) is arranged at the end portion of each branch pipe, the rotary sprayer (13) is rotatably connected with the branch pipes, a rotating shaft of the rotary sprayer is parallel to the length direction of the branch pipes, and the spraying direction of the rotary sprayer (13) is perpendicular to the; the rotary sprayer (13) is assembled to move between the following two stations: in the first station, the spraying direction of the rotary spray head (13) and the axis of the main pipe form an included angle, and the reaction force generated when the rotary spray head (13) sprays mortar under the first station can push the rotary pipe (12) to rotate; in the second station, the spraying direction of the rotary spray head (13) is parallel to the axial direction of the main pipe, and the rotary pipe (12) is static relative to the fixed pipe (11) in the second station; the device also comprises a switching mechanism for driving the rotary spray head (13) to switch between the first station and the second station; the fixed pipe (11) is communicated with the ash spraying pipe and the water spraying pipe.

3. The foundation pit slope protection construction method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the foundation pit slope protection guniting manipulator further comprises a rotary arm (14), the rotary arm (14) is fixedly connected with the rotary pipe (12), and the rotary spray head (13) is rotatably connected with the rotary arm (14) through a bearing; the switching mechanism comprises a floating roller (15) arranged on the rotary arm (14), the floating roller (15) is rotatably arranged on a roller support (151), the axis of the floating roller (15) is arranged along the radial direction of the main pipe, the roller support (151) is arranged on the rotary arm (14) in a sliding mode, the sliding direction of the roller support is parallel to the axis direction of the main pipe, and an annular roller path matched with the floating roller (15) is arranged on the mounting disc (10); a first pressure spring (152) is arranged between the roller bracket (151) and the rotary arm (14), and the first pressure spring (152) is assembled to enable the elastic force of the first pressure spring to drive the roller bracket (151) to slide towards the direction close to the environmental raceway; the annular roller path is provided with a telescopic block (102), the telescopic block (102) is in sliding connection with the mounting disc (10), the telescopic block (102) is provided with a station a and a station b, when the telescopic block (102) is located at the station a, the telescopic block (102) is flush with the annular roller path, the floating roller (15) can continuously walk along the annular roller path, when the telescopic block (102) is located at the station b, the telescopic block (102) slides towards the direction far away from the floating roller (15) and forms a pit on the annular roller path, and at the moment, the floating roller (15) can sink into the pit under the action of the first pressure spring (152); a first linkage mechanism is arranged between the roller bracket (151) and the rotary spray head (13), and is assembled to enable the rotary spray head (13) to be kept at a first station when the floating roller (15) walks on the annular roller path, and to switch the rotary spray head (13) at the first station to a second station when the floating roller (15) is sunk into a pit.

4. The foundation pit slope protection construction method according to claim 3, characterized in that: first link gear includes transition axle (16) of being connected with gyration arm (14) rotation, the rigid coupling has first gear (161) on transition axle (16), and the rigid coupling has second gear (131) on gyration shower nozzle (13), and first gear (161) and second gear (131) meshing, it has pendulum rod (162) to go back the rigid coupling on transition axle (16), and pendulum rod (162) are along transition axle (16) radial protruding setting of stretching, and the tip of pendulum rod (162) is equipped with pin (163), the rigid coupling has ejector pad (153) on gyro wheel support (151), is equipped with waist type groove on ejector pad (153), waist type groove and pin (163) slip pin joint.

5. The foundation pit slope protection construction method according to claim 4, characterized in that: the mounting disc (10) has a first position and a second position along the self sliding direction, a second linkage mechanism is arranged among the telescopic block (102), the mounting disc (10) and the rotary table (22), the second linkage mechanism is assembled to enable the telescopic block (102) to move from the station a to the station b when the mounting disc (10) moves from the first position to the second position, and enable the telescopic block (102) to move from the station b to the station a when the mounting disc (10) moves from the second position to the first position; a piston cylinder for driving the mounting disc (10) to slide is arranged on the rotary table (22); the second linkage mechanism comprises a push rod (103) fixedly connected with a telescopic block (102), the push rod (103) is in sliding connection with a support arranged on the mounting disc (10), a first wedge-shaped block (17) is fixedly connected to the push rod (103), a first wedge-shaped driving block (171) is arranged on the support in a sliding mode, the sliding direction of the first wedge-shaped driving block (171) is perpendicular to the axial direction of the main pipe, a second wedge-shaped block (172) is fixedly connected to the first wedge-shaped driving block (171), and a second wedge-shaped driving block (221) is arranged on the rotary table (22); the first wedge-shaped block (17) and the first wedge-shaped driving block (171) form an inclined surface transmission fit, the second wedge-shaped block (172) and the second wedge-shaped driving block (221) form an inclined surface transmission fit, when the mounting disc (10) slides from the second position to the first position, the second wedge-shaped driving block drives the second wedge-shaped block (172) and the first wedge-shaped driving block (171) to slide, and the first wedge-shaped driving block (171) drives the first wedge-shaped block (17) to slide so as to drive the telescopic block (102) to move from the station b to the station a through the ejector rod (103); a second pressure spring is arranged between the first wedge-shaped driving block (171) and the support, when the mounting disc (10) slides from the first position to the second position, the second wedge-shaped block (172) is gradually separated from the second wedge-shaped driving block (221), the first wedge-shaped driving block (171) is gradually separated from the first wedge-shaped block (17) under the action of the second pressure spring, and at the moment, the telescopic block (102) can move from the station a to the station b under the squeezing and pushing action of the floating roller (15).

6. The foundation pit slope protection construction method according to claim 5, characterized in that: the telescopic blocks (102) are provided with two pairs, namely a first telescopic block (102) and a second telescopic block (102), the first telescopic block (102) and the second telescopic block (102) are arranged at intervals of 90 degrees along the circumferential direction of the mounting disc (10), the mounting disc (10) is also provided with a third position, and the first position is positioned between the second position and the third position; when the mounting disc (10) is located at the first position, the second wedge-shaped block (172) and the second wedge-shaped driving block (221) corresponding to the first telescopic block (102) are abutted against each other, and the second wedge-shaped block (172) and the second wedge-shaped driving block (221) corresponding to the second telescopic block (102) are abutted against each other; when the mounting disc (10) is located at the second position, the second wedge-shaped block (172) and the second wedge-shaped driving block (221) corresponding to the first telescopic block (102) are separated from each other, and the second wedge-shaped block (172) and the second wedge-shaped driving block (221) corresponding to the second telescopic block (102) are abutted against each other; when the mounting disc (10) is located at the third position, the second wedge-shaped block (172) and the second wedge-shaped driving block (221) corresponding to the first telescopic block (102) are abutted against each other, and the second wedge-shaped block (172) and the second wedge-shaped driving block (221) corresponding to the second telescopic block (102) are separated from each other.

7. The foundation pit slope protection construction method according to claim 6, characterized in that: the roller bracket (151) is provided with an insertion block (154), the width of the insertion block (154) is larger than the diameter of the roller and is consistent with the width of the telescopic block (102), and chamfers are arranged on the edge of one end, facing the telescopic block (102), of the insertion block (154) and the edge of one end, facing the insertion block (154), of a sliding channel where the telescopic block (102) is located; side guard plates (104) are arranged on two sides of the annular roller path, a mud blocking ring (141) is arranged between the two side guard plates (104), and the mud blocking ring (141) is fixedly connected with the rotary arm (14); the jet orifice of the rotary spray head (13) is flat, and the length direction of the jet orifice is parallel to the direction of the rotary axis of the rotary spray head (13).

8. The foundation pit slope protection construction method according to claim 7, characterized in that: the third linkage mechanism comprises a first chain wheel (23) fixedly connected with the rotary table (22), a second chain wheel (24) fixedly connected with the middle base (30) and an annular chain (25) tensioned between the first chain wheel (23) and the second chain wheel (24), the first chain wheel (23) is coaxially arranged with the rotary shaft of the rotary table (22), and the second chain wheel (24) is coaxially arranged with the rotary shaft of the swing arm (21); a movable tensioning mechanism is arranged between the first chain wheel (23) and the second chain wheel (24), and is assembled to enable a chain between the first chain wheel (23) and the second chain wheel (24) to keep a tensioned state when the rotary table (22) slides on the swing arm (21) along with the sliding table (21); the movable tensioning mechanism comprises a sliding seat (26), the sliding seat (26) is connected with the swing arm (21) in a sliding mode along the length direction of the swing arm (21), the sliding seat (26) is assembled to enable the sliding direction of the sliding seat to be always the same as that of the sliding table (21) and the sliding speed of the sliding seat to be always 0.5 times that of the sliding table (21); two first guide wheels (261) are symmetrically arranged on the sliding seat (26), two second guide wheels (203) are symmetrically arranged on the swing arm (21), two parallel sections of chains between the first chain wheel (23) and the second chain wheel (24) respectively and sequentially pass around the two first guide wheels (261) and the second guide wheels (203), and all straight sections of the chains are parallel to each other; the first guide wheel (261) and the second guide wheel (203) are both chain wheels.

9. The foundation pit slope protection construction method according to claim 8, characterized in that: the device also comprises a traction rope (28), a third guide wheel (262), a fourth guide wheel (204) and a fifth guide wheel (205), wherein the third guide wheel (262) is used for guiding the traction rope (28), the fourth guide wheel (204) is positioned on the sliding seat (26), the fourth guide wheel (204) is positioned on the swing arm (21) and is close to one end of the second chain wheel (24), and the fifth guide wheel (205) is positioned on the swing arm (21) and is far away from one end of the second chain wheel (24); one end of a traction rope (28) is fixed at one end, close to the second chain wheel (24), of the swing arm (21), the traction rope (28) sequentially rounds a third guide wheel (262), a fourth guide wheel (204) and a fifth guide wheel (205) from the end, then the traction rope is fixed on the sliding table (21), and all straight line sections of the traction rope (28) are parallel to each other; the swing arm (21) is provided with a lead screw (27) in a rotating mode, a nut block is arranged on the sliding seat (26), the lead screw (27) and the nut block form a threaded fit, and the lead screw (27) is fixedly connected with a main shaft of the servo motor and used for driving the sliding seat (26) to slide.

10. The foundation pit slope protection construction method according to claim 9, characterized in that: the sliding table (21) is also provided with two sixth guide wheels (206), and the two sixth guide wheels (206) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the first chain wheel (23); a fixed shaft (301) is arranged on the middle seat (30), the fixed shaft (301) is fixedly connected with the middle seat (30), the second chain wheel (24) is fixed on the fixed shaft (301), a pipe shaft (201) is fixedly arranged on the swing arm (21), the pipe shaft (201) is sleeved on the fixed shaft (301) and is rotatably connected with the fixed shaft (301), a third gear (202) is arranged on the pipe shaft (201), a motor is arranged on the middle seat (30), a main shaft of the motor is provided with a fourth gear (302), and the fourth gear (302) is meshed with the third gear (202) and is used for driving the swing arm (21) to rotate; the traction rope (28) is a steel wire rope; and a pitching driving motor for driving the middle seat (30) to rotate relative to the large arm (40) is arranged on the large arm (40).