CN112048797A - Flame-retardant yarn and production process thereof - Google Patents
Flame-retardant yarn and production process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112048797A CN112048797A CN202010936148.1A CN202010936148A CN112048797A CN 112048797 A CN112048797 A CN 112048797A CN 202010936148 A CN202010936148 A CN 202010936148A CN 112048797 A CN112048797 A CN 112048797A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
- D02G3/443—Heat-resistant, fireproof or flame-retardant yarns or threads
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01C—CHEMICAL OR BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FILAMENTARY OR FIBROUS MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FILAMENTS OR FIBRES FOR SPINNING; CARBONISING RAGS TO RECOVER ANIMAL FIBRES
- D01C1/00—Treatment of vegetable material
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/07—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt for making fire- or flame-proof filaments
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/08—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyacrylonitrile as constituent
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/10—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one other macromolecular compound obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as constituent
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
- D02G3/04—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
- D02G3/32—Elastic yarns or threads ; Production of plied or cored yarns, one of which is elastic
- D02G3/328—Elastic yarns or threads ; Production of plied or cored yarns, one of which is elastic containing elastane
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/38—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic System
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/50—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with hydrogen peroxide or peroxides of metals; with persulfuric, permanganic, pernitric, percarbonic acids or their salts
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M14/00—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials
- D06M14/02—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials on to materials of natural origin
- D06M14/04—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials on to materials of natural origin of vegetal origin, e.g. cellulose or derivatives thereof
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
- D06M15/03—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
- D06M15/15—Proteins or derivatives thereof
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/263—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
- D06M2101/06—Vegetal fibres cellulosic
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
- D06M2200/30—Flame or heat resistance, fire retardancy properties
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
- D06M2200/50—Modified hand or grip properties; Softening compositions
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
- D10B2201/01—Natural vegetable fibres
- D10B2201/02—Cotton
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D10B2321/06—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polymers of unsaturated alcohols, e.g. polyvinyl alcohol, or of their acetals or ketals
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D10B2321/10—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polymers of unsaturated nitriles, e.g. polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene cyanide
Abstract
The invention discloses a flame-retardant yarn and a production process thereof, wherein the flame-retardant yarn is prepared by uniformly mixing modified flame-retardant cotton fiber and flame-retardant elastic fiber according to the weight ratio of 1:0.2-7 and then spinning; the modified flame-retardant cotton fiber is prepared by using cotton fiber as a raw material, performing alkali treatment on the cotton fiber, grafting carboxyl on the surface of the cotton fiber, attaching a layer of whey protein on the surface of the cotton fiber, and performing spinning forming on the spinning solution to obtain the flame-retardant elastic fiber, wherein the flame-retardant elastic fiber is prepared by uniformly dispersing organic montmorillonite in dimethyl sulfoxide solution of polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylonitrile to obtain a spinning solution, and the flame-retardant elastic fiber uniformly dispersed with the organic montmorillonite also has good flame-retardant performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of spinning, and particularly relates to flame-retardant yarn and a production process thereof.
Background
The yarn is a textile, various textile fibers are processed into products with certain fineness, the products are used for weaving, rope making, thread making, knitting, embroidering and the like, and are divided into short staple yarns, continuous filaments and the like, different performances such as water resistance, antibiosis, flame retardance and the like are required according to different fields of fabric products, wherein the textile fabric is mostly made of combustible materials, so that the combustible textile fabric can accelerate the spread of fire when the fire occurs, and the textile fabric with flame retardance is required to be used in a special occasion to improve the performance of fire prevention;
in the prior art, the elasticity of the fiber is reduced due to the flame retardant treatment of the fabric or the yarn, so that the quality of the fabric made of the fiber is influenced, the hardness of the fabric is larger, the application range of the fabric is influenced, the flame retardant effect of grafting the flame retardant group on the surface of the fiber is limited, and the application requirements cannot be met in many fields.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a flame-retardant yarn and a production process thereof.
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows:
in the prior art, the elasticity of fibers is reduced due to flame retardant treatment of the fabric or yarns, so that the quality of the fabric formed by the fibers is influenced, the hardness of the fabric is high, the application range of the fabric is influenced, and the flame retardant effect of grafting flame retardant groups on the surfaces of the fibers is limited, so that the application requirements cannot be met in many fields.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the flame-retardant yarn is prepared by uniformly mixing modified flame-retardant cotton fibers and flame-retardant elastic fibers according to the weight ratio of 1:0.2-7 and then spinning;
the production process of the flame-retardant yarn comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing flame-retardant cotton fibers;
step two, preparing flame-retardant elastic fiber;
a1, adding polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylonitrile into dimethyl sulfoxide for dissolving, wherein the weight ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to the polyacrylonitrile is 1:1-9, the weight ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to the polyacrylonitrile and the volume ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to the dimethyl sulfoxide are 15-28g:100mL, and defoaming to obtain a stock solution for later use;
a2, adding organic montmorillonite into deionized water, wherein the weight ratio of the organic montmorillonite to the deionized water is 1:5-9, after uniformly stirring and dispersing, freeze-drying the dispersion, then adding into a ball mill, firstly carrying out dry grinding for 5-9min under the condition that the rotation speed is 240-380r/min, crushing the blocky organic montmorillonite, then adding part of stock solution in A1, and keeping the rotation speed to continue ball-milling for 20-35min to obtain flame-retardant slurry;
a3, adding the flame-retardant slurry prepared in A2 into the stock solution in the step A1, stirring and mixing for 40-60min under the condition that the rotating speed is 400-600r/min to obtain spinning solution, spinning and solidifying the spinning solution for forming, and shaping at the temperature of 180-230 ℃ to obtain the flame-retardant elastic fiber;
and step three, uniformly mixing the flame-retardant cotton fiber and the flame-retardant elastic fiber according to the weight ratio to prepare the flame-retardant yarn.
The preparation method of the modified flame-retardant cotton fiber comprises the following steps:
s1, adding the cotton fiber into a NaOH aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 1%, heating to 65-90 ℃, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 30-40min, then adding NaOH, adjusting the mass concentration of the NaOH aqueous solution to 3% -4%, adding hydrogen peroxide, carrying out heat preservation, continuously reacting for 120-130min, filtering, taking out the cotton fiber, washing the cotton fiber to be neutral by deionized water, drying at 45-60 ℃, and keeping the cotton fiber for later use, wherein the adding amount of the hydrogen peroxide is 8 g/L; the steps can remove impurities such as pectin, hemicellulose, lignin and the like on the surface of the cotton fiber, so that the roughness of the surface of the cotton fiber is improved, and the cotton fiber is fluffy;
s2, adding maleic anhydride into N-N dimethylformamide, mixing, stirring and dissolving, adding the cotton fiber obtained in the step S1, and heating and reacting at 90-110 ℃ for 3 hours, wherein the weight ratio of the maleic anhydride to the N-N dimethylformamide is 3: 3.5-4; grafting maleic anhydride on cotton fibers through a heating reaction, introducing carboxyl on the surfaces of the cotton fibers, washing the cotton fibers through deionized water and acetone respectively, removing the maleic anhydride on the surfaces of the cellulose fibers, and finally drying at the temperature of 40-48 ℃ to obtain grafted cotton fibers;
s3, adding the flame-retardant protein filler into deionized water, stirring and dispersing uniformly, adding the grafted cotton fiber into deionized water dispersion liquid of the flame-retardant protein filler, performing ultrasonic dispersion, stirring and reacting at the temperature of 25-40 ℃ for 1.5-2.5h, taking out the grafted cotton fiber, washing the grafted cotton fiber to be neutral by using the deionized water, and drying at the temperature of 35-40 ℃ to obtain the modified flame-retardant cotton fiber;
the preparation method of the flame-retardant protein filler comprises the following steps:
s21, preparing a whey protein deionized water solution with the mass concentration of 5% -11%, adding glucan into the whey protein deionized water solution, stirring and dispersing uniformly, and then carrying out microwave treatment on the whey protein deionized water solution, wherein the addition amount of the glucan in the whey protein deionized water solution is 3-7mL/100 mL;
the specific method of the microwave treatment comprises the following steps: treating with 800-;
in the step, free amino groups on the surface of the whey protein can be subjected to grafting reaction with glucan through microwave treatment, so that the emulsibility and the emulsion stability of the whey protein are improved;
s22, freeze-drying the whey protein deionized water solution treated in the step S21 to obtain primary frozen whey protein, adding the primary frozen whey protein into deionized water to rehydrate the primary frozen whey protein, and freeze-drying again to obtain modified whey protein;
in the step, through twice freeze drying, the whey protein can generate a stable porous structure, so that the subsequent treatment is convenient;
s23, preparing a metal salt solution with the molar concentration of 0.04-0.13mol/L, adding modified whey protein into the metal salt solution, stirring and dispersing uniformly, performing ultrasonic treatment for 10-15min under the condition of 60-120KHz, stirring and reacting at the temperature of 25-40 ℃ for 1.5-2.5h, filtering to obtain the whey protein, washing with deionized water to be neutral, and drying at the temperature of 35-40 ℃ to obtain the flame-retardant protein filler;
in the step, the modified whey protein is added into a metal salt solution for grafting, and the carboxyl on the surface of the whey protein is grafted with metal ions, so that the flame retardant property of the modified whey protein is improved, the porous structure of the whey protein enables the whey protein to have a larger specific surface area, and a large amount of metal ions are loaded on the surface of the whey protein, so that a good flame retardant effect is achieved;
the metal ions in the metal salt solution are one or a mixture of at least two of potassium ions, calcium ions, sodium ions, zinc ions, aluminum ions, copper ions, cobalt ions and barium ions in any ratio.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the flame-retardant yarn is prepared by uniformly mixing modified flame-retardant cotton fibers and flame-retardant elastic fibers according to the weight ratio of 1:0.2-7 and then spinning, wherein the addition of the flame-retardant elastic fibers can effectively improve the strength and elasticity of the yarn, and specifically, in the preparation process of the modified flame-retardant cotton fibers, the cotton fibers are used as raw materials, firstly, alkali treatment is carried out on the cotton fibers to remove impurities such as pectin, hemicellulose, lignin and the like on the surfaces of the cotton fibers so as to improve the surface roughness of the cotton fibers, then, the treated cotton fibers are added into N-N dimethylformamide solution of maleic anhydride for heating reaction at a certain temperature, carboxyl is grafted on the surfaces of the cotton fibers, then, the cotton fibers with the cotton fibers grafted on the surfaces are added into deionized water dispersion liquid of flame-retardant protein fillers, and the mixture is stirred and heated for reaction so that the flame-retardant protein fillers are grafted and attached to the surfaces of the cotton, the preparation method of the flame-retardant protein filler comprises the following steps of firstly performing microwave treatment to enable free amino groups on the surface of whey protein to perform graft reaction with glucan so as to improve the emulsibility and the emulsion stability of the whey protein, then performing freeze drying twice to enable the whey protein to generate a stable porous structure, finally adding modified whey protein into a metal salt solution for grafting, grafting carboxyl groups on the surface of the whey protein with metal ions so as to improve the flame-retardant property of the modified whey protein, wherein the porous structure of the whey protein enables the whey protein to have a larger specific surface area, so that a large number of metal ions are loaded on the surface of the whey protein, and the whey protein has a more excellent flame-retardant effect, the whey protein has good skin-friendly and breathable effects, is soft and elastic compared with fibers treated by traditional halogen flame retardants, still has good hydrophilic and skin-friendly breathable properties, the flame-retardant elastic fiber is prepared by uniformly dispersing organic montmorillonite in dimethyl sulfoxide solution of polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylonitrile to obtain spinning solution, spinning and solidifying the spinning solution to form the flame-retardant elastic fiber, and the flame-retardant elastic fiber uniformly dispersed with the organic montmorillonite also has good flame-retardant properties.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The flame-retardant yarn is prepared by uniformly mixing modified flame-retardant cotton fibers and flame-retardant elastic fibers according to the weight ratio of 1:0.6 and then spinning;
the production process of the flame-retardant yarn comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing flame-retardant cotton fibers;
step two, preparing flame-retardant elastic fiber;
a1, adding polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylonitrile into dimethyl sulfoxide for dissolving, wherein the weight ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to the polyacrylonitrile is 1:5, and the volume ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to the polyacrylonitrile to the dimethyl sulfoxide is 23g:100mL, and defoaming to obtain a stock solution for later use;
a2, adding organic montmorillonite into deionized water, wherein the weight ratio of the organic montmorillonite to the deionized water is 1:7, uniformly stirring and dispersing, freeze-drying the dispersion, then adding into a ball mill, dry-grinding for 6min under the condition that the rotating speed is 320r/min to crush blocky organic montmorillonite, then adding part of stock solution in A1, and keeping the rotating speed to continue ball-grinding for 30min to obtain flame-retardant slurry;
a3, adding the flame-retardant slurry prepared in A2 into the stock solution in the step A1, stirring and mixing for 40-60min under the condition that the rotating speed is 500r/min to obtain spinning solution, spinning, solidifying and forming the spinning solution, and shaping at 220 ℃ to obtain the flame-retardant elastic fiber;
and step three, uniformly mixing the flame-retardant cotton fiber and the flame-retardant elastic fiber according to the weight ratio to prepare the flame-retardant yarn.
The preparation method of the modified flame-retardant cotton fiber comprises the following steps:
s1, adding the cotton fiber into a NaOH aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 1%, heating to 80 ℃, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 40min, then adding NaOH, adjusting the mass concentration of the NaOH aqueous solution to be 4%, adding hydrogen peroxide into the NaOH aqueous solution, carrying out heat preservation, continuing to react for 120min, filtering, taking out the cotton fiber, washing the cotton fiber to be neutral by deionized water, drying the cotton fiber at the temperature of 55 ℃ for later use, wherein the adding amount of the hydrogen peroxide is 8 g/L;
s2, adding maleic anhydride into N-N dimethylformamide, mixing, stirring and dissolving, adding the cotton fiber obtained in the step S1, and heating and reacting at 95 ℃ for 3 hours, wherein the weight ratio of the maleic anhydride to the N-N dimethylformamide is 3: 4; finally drying at the temperature of 45 ℃ to obtain grafted cotton fibers;
s3, adding the flame-retardant protein filler into deionized water, stirring and dispersing uniformly, adding the grafted cotton fiber into deionized water dispersion liquid of the flame-retardant protein filler, performing ultrasonic dispersion, stirring and reacting at the temperature of 35 ℃ for 2 hours, taking out the grafted cotton fiber, washing the grafted cotton fiber to be neutral by using deionized water, and drying at the temperature of 40 ℃ to obtain the modified flame-retardant cotton fiber;
the preparation method of the flame-retardant protein filler comprises the following steps:
s21, preparing a whey protein deionized water solution with the mass concentration of 7%, adding glucan into the whey protein deionized water solution, stirring and dispersing uniformly, and then carrying out microwave treatment on the mixture, wherein the addition amount of the glucan in the whey protein deionized water solution is 7mL/100 mL;
the specific method of the microwave treatment comprises the following steps: processing with 1000W power microwave, closing the microwave after every 30s, standing for 30s, and completing the microwave processing after 6 times of circulation;
s22, freeze-drying the whey protein deionized water solution treated in the step S21 to obtain primary frozen whey protein, adding the primary frozen whey protein into deionized water to rehydrate the primary frozen whey protein, and freeze-drying again to obtain modified whey protein;
s23, preparing a metal salt solution with the molar concentration of 0.12mol/L, adding modified whey protein into the metal salt solution, stirring and dispersing uniformly, performing ultrasonic treatment for 13min under the condition of 120KHz, stirring and reacting for 2h at the temperature of 35 ℃, filtering and taking out the whey protein, washing the whey protein to be neutral by deionized water, and drying the whey protein at the temperature of 40 ℃ to obtain the flame-retardant protein filler;
the metal ions in the metal salt solution are potassium ions.
Example 2
The flame-retardant yarn is prepared by uniformly mixing modified flame-retardant cotton fibers and flame-retardant elastic fibers according to the weight ratio of 1:0.4 and then spinning;
the production process of the flame-retardant yarn comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing flame-retardant cotton fibers;
step two, preparing flame-retardant elastic fiber;
a1, adding polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylonitrile into dimethyl sulfoxide for dissolving, wherein the weight ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to the polyacrylonitrile is 1:6, and the volume ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to the polyacrylonitrile to the dimethyl sulfoxide is 25g:100mL, and defoaming to obtain a stock solution for later use;
a2, adding organic montmorillonite into deionized water, wherein the weight ratio of the organic montmorillonite to the deionized water is 1:6, stirring and dispersing uniformly, freeze-drying the dispersion, then adding into a ball mill, dry-grinding for 6min under the condition that the rotating speed is 350r/min to crush blocky organic montmorillonite, then adding part of stock solution in A1, and keeping the rotating speed to continue ball-grinding for 30min to obtain flame-retardant slurry;
a3, adding the flame-retardant slurry prepared in A2 into the stock solution in the step A1, stirring and mixing for 60min under the condition that the rotating speed is 460r/min to obtain spinning solution, and spinning and coagulating the spinning solution to obtain spinning solution
After the solidification and forming, the fiber is shaped at the temperature of 230 ℃ to obtain the flame-retardant elastic fiber;
and step three, uniformly mixing the flame-retardant cotton fiber and the flame-retardant elastic fiber according to the weight ratio to prepare the flame-retardant yarn.
The preparation method of the modified flame-retardant cotton fiber comprises the following steps:
s1, adding the cotton fiber into a NaOH aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 1%, heating to 75 ℃, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 30min, then adding NaOH, adjusting the mass concentration of the NaOH aqueous solution to be 4%, adding hydrogen peroxide, carrying out heat preservation, continuing to react for 120min, filtering, taking out the cotton fiber, washing the cotton fiber to be neutral by deionized water, drying at the temperature of 50 ℃ for later use, wherein the adding amount of the hydrogen peroxide is 8 g/L;
s2, adding maleic anhydride into N-N dimethylformamide, mixing, stirring and dissolving, adding the cotton fiber obtained in the step S1, and heating and reacting at 100 ℃ for 3 hours, wherein the weight ratio of the maleic anhydride to the N-N dimethylformamide is 3: 4; grafting maleic anhydride on cotton fibers through a heating reaction, introducing carboxyl on the surfaces of the cotton fibers, washing the cotton fibers through deionized water and acetone respectively, removing the maleic anhydride on the surfaces of the cellulose fibers, and finally drying at the temperature of 45 ℃ to obtain grafted cotton fibers;
s3, adding the flame-retardant protein filler into deionized water, stirring and dispersing uniformly, adding the grafted cotton fiber into deionized water dispersion liquid of the flame-retardant protein filler, performing ultrasonic dispersion, stirring and reacting at the temperature of 35 ℃ for 2 hours, taking out the grafted cotton fiber, washing the grafted cotton fiber to be neutral by using deionized water, and drying at the temperature of 40 ℃ to obtain the modified flame-retardant cotton fiber;
the preparation method of the flame-retardant protein filler comprises the following steps:
s21, preparing a whey protein deionized water solution with the mass concentration of 8%, adding glucan into the whey protein deionized water solution, stirring and dispersing uniformly, and then carrying out microwave treatment on the whey protein deionized water solution, wherein the addition amount of the glucan in the whey protein deionized water solution is 6mL/100 mL;
the specific method of the microwave treatment comprises the following steps: processing with 1000W power microwave, closing the microwave after every 30s, standing for 25s, and completing microwave processing after 5 times of circulation;
s22, freeze-drying the whey protein deionized water solution treated in the step S21 to obtain primary frozen whey protein, adding the primary frozen whey protein into deionized water to rehydrate the primary frozen whey protein, and freeze-drying again to obtain modified whey protein;
s23, preparing a metal salt solution with the molar concentration of 0.09mol/L, adding modified whey protein into the metal salt solution, stirring and dispersing uniformly, performing ultrasonic treatment for 12min under the condition of 100KHz, stirring and reacting for 2h at the temperature of 35 ℃, filtering and taking out the whey protein, washing the whey protein to be neutral by deionized water, and drying the whey protein at the temperature of 40 ℃ to obtain the flame-retardant protein filler;
the metal ions in the metal salt solution are potassium ions.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the modified flame-retardant cotton fiber comprises the following steps:
s1, adding the cotton fiber into a NaOH aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 1%, heating to 80 ℃, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 40min, then adding NaOH, adjusting the mass concentration of the NaOH aqueous solution to be 4%, adding hydrogen peroxide into the NaOH aqueous solution, carrying out heat preservation, continuing to react for 120min, filtering, taking out the cotton fiber, washing the cotton fiber to be neutral by deionized water, drying the cotton fiber at the temperature of 55 ℃ for later use, wherein the adding amount of the hydrogen peroxide is 8 g/L;
s2, adding maleic anhydride into N-N dimethylformamide, mixing, stirring and dissolving, adding the cotton fiber obtained in the step S1, and heating and reacting at 95 ℃ for 3 hours, wherein the weight ratio of the maleic anhydride to the N-N dimethylformamide is 3: 4; finally drying at the temperature of 45 ℃ to obtain grafted cotton fibers;
s3, preparing a metal salt solution with the molar concentration of 0.09mol/L, adding grafted cotton fibers into the metal salt solution, wherein the addition amount of the grafted cotton fibers in the metal salt solution is 7g/100mL, uniformly stirring and dispersing, performing ultrasonic treatment for 12min under the condition of 100KHz, stirring and reacting for 2h at the temperature of 35 ℃, filtering and taking out the grafted cotton fibers, washing the grafted cotton fibers to be neutral by deionized water, and drying the fibers at the temperature of 40 ℃ to obtain the modified flame-retardant cotton fibers;
the metal ions in the metal salt solution are potassium ions.
Comparative example 2
The preparation method of the flame-retardant protein filler comprises the following steps:
s21, preparing a whey protein deionized water solution with the mass concentration of 7%, adding glucan into the whey protein deionized water solution, stirring and dispersing uniformly, and then carrying out microwave treatment on the mixture, wherein the addition amount of the glucan in the whey protein deionized water solution is 7mL/100 mL;
the specific method of the microwave treatment comprises the following steps: processing with 1000W power microwave, closing the microwave after every 30s, standing for 30s, and completing the microwave processing after 6 times of circulation;
s22, freeze-drying the whey protein deionized water solution treated in the step S21 to obtain modified whey protein;
s23, preparing a metal salt solution with the molar concentration of 0.12mol/L, adding modified whey protein into the metal salt solution, stirring and dispersing uniformly, performing ultrasonic treatment for 13min under the condition of 120KHz, stirring and reacting for 2h at the temperature of 35 ℃, filtering and taking out the whey protein, washing the whey protein to be neutral by deionized water, and drying the whey protein at the temperature of 40 ℃ to obtain the flame-retardant protein filler;
the metal ions in the metal salt solution are potassium ions.
Analysis of Experimental data and results
The indexes of the yarns formed in the examples 1-2 and the comparative examples 1-2 are detected, and the specific results are shown in the following table:
TABLE 1
| Breaking Strength/cN | Limiting oxygen index | Elongation at break/% | Hand feeling | |
| Example 1 | 234.4 | 33.7 | 6.2 | Softness |
| Example 2 | 193.1 | 32.9 | 5.4 | Softness |
| Comparative example 1 | 209.4 | 25.4 | 5.9 | Softness |
| Comparative example 2 | 224.5 | 29.6 | 6.0 | Softness |
As can be seen from the table above, the flame-retardant yarn provided by the invention has good strength and flame-retardant property, soft hand feeling and wide application range.
The foregoing is merely exemplary and illustrative of the present invention and various modifications, additions and substitutions may be made by those skilled in the art to the specific embodiments described without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
Claims (6)
1. The flame-retardant yarn is characterized by being prepared by uniformly mixing modified flame-retardant cotton fibers and flame-retardant elastic fibers according to the weight ratio of 1:0.2-7 and then spinning;
the production process of the flame-retardant yarn comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing flame-retardant cotton fibers;
step two, preparing flame-retardant elastic fiber;
a1, adding polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylonitrile into dimethyl sulfoxide for dissolving, wherein the weight ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to the polyacrylonitrile is 1:1-9, the weight ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to the polyacrylonitrile and the volume ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to the dimethyl sulfoxide are 15-28g:100mL, and defoaming to obtain a stock solution for later use;
a2, adding organic montmorillonite into deionized water, wherein the weight ratio of the organic montmorillonite to the deionized water is 1:5-9, after uniformly stirring and dispersing, freeze-drying the dispersion, then adding into a ball mill, firstly carrying out dry grinding for 5-9min under the condition that the rotation speed is 240-380r/min, crushing the blocky organic montmorillonite, then adding part of stock solution in A1, and keeping the rotation speed to continue ball-milling for 20-35min to obtain flame-retardant slurry;
a3, adding the flame-retardant slurry prepared in A2 into the stock solution in the step A1, stirring and mixing for 40-60min under the condition that the rotating speed is 400-600r/min to obtain spinning solution, spinning and solidifying the spinning solution for forming, and shaping at the temperature of 180-230 ℃ to obtain the flame-retardant elastic fiber;
and step three, uniformly mixing the flame-retardant cotton fibers and the flame-retardant elastic fibers according to the weight ratio, and spinning to obtain the flame-retardant yarn.
2. The flame-retardant yarn as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the modified flame-retardant cotton fiber comprises the following steps:
s1, adding the cotton fiber into a NaOH aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 1%, heating to 65-90 ℃, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 30-40min, then adding NaOH, adjusting the mass concentration of the NaOH aqueous solution to 3% -4%, adding hydrogen peroxide, carrying out heat preservation, continuously reacting for 120-130min, filtering, taking out the cotton fiber, washing with deionized water to be neutral, drying at 45-60 ℃, and keeping for later use, wherein the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide in the solution is 8 g/L;
s2, adding maleic anhydride into N-N dimethylformamide, mixing, stirring and dissolving, adding the cotton fiber obtained in the step S1, and heating and reacting at 90-110 ℃ for 3 hours, wherein the weight ratio of the maleic anhydride to the N-N dimethylformamide is 3: 3.5-4; then washing the cotton fibers by deionized water and acetone respectively, and finally drying at the temperature of 40-48 ℃ to obtain grafted cotton fibers;
s3, adding the flame-retardant protein filler into deionized water, stirring and dispersing uniformly, adding the grafted cotton fiber into the deionized water dispersion liquid of the flame-retardant protein filler, performing ultrasonic dispersion, stirring and reacting at the temperature of 25-40 ℃ for 1.5-2.5h, taking out the grafted cotton fiber, washing with the deionized water to be neutral, and drying at the temperature of 35-40 ℃ to obtain the modified flame-retardant cotton fiber.
3. The flame-retardant yarn according to claim 2, wherein the flame-retardant protein filler is prepared by the following steps:
s21, preparing a whey protein deionized water solution with the mass concentration of 5% -11%, adding glucan into the whey protein deionized water solution, stirring and dispersing uniformly, and then carrying out microwave treatment on the whey protein deionized water solution, wherein the addition amount of the glucan in the whey protein deionized water solution is 3-7mL/100 mL;
s22, freeze-drying the whey protein deionized water solution treated in the step S21 to obtain primary frozen whey protein, adding the primary frozen whey protein into deionized water to rehydrate the primary frozen whey protein, and freeze-drying again to obtain modified whey protein;
s23, preparing a metal salt solution with the molar concentration of 0.04-0.13mol/L, adding modified whey protein into the metal salt solution, stirring and dispersing uniformly, performing ultrasonic treatment for 10-15min under the condition of 60-120KHz, stirring and reacting for 1.5-2.5h at the temperature of 25-40 ℃, filtering and taking out the whey protein, washing with deionized water to be neutral, and drying at the temperature of 35-40 ℃ to obtain the flame-retardant protein filler.
4. The flame-retardant yarn according to claim 3, wherein the microwave treatment method comprises the following steps: treating with 800-.
5. The flame-retardant yarn according to claim 3, wherein the metal ions in the metal salt solution are one or a mixture of at least two of potassium ions, calcium ions, sodium ions, zinc ions, aluminum ions, copper ions, cobalt ions and barium ions in any ratio.
6. The production process of the flame-retardant yarn is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, preparing flame-retardant cotton fibers;
step two, preparing flame-retardant elastic fiber;
a1, adding polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylonitrile into dimethyl sulfoxide for dissolving, wherein the weight ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to the polyacrylonitrile is 1:1-9, the weight ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to the polyacrylonitrile and the volume ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to the dimethyl sulfoxide are 15-28g:100mL, and defoaming to obtain a stock solution for later use;
a2, adding organic montmorillonite into deionized water, wherein the weight ratio of the organic montmorillonite to the deionized water is 1:5-9, after uniformly stirring and dispersing, freeze-drying the dispersion, then adding into a ball mill, firstly carrying out dry grinding for 5-9min under the condition that the rotation speed is 240-380r/min, crushing the blocky organic montmorillonite, then adding part of stock solution in A1, and keeping the rotation speed to continue ball-milling for 20-35min to obtain flame-retardant slurry;
a3, adding the flame-retardant slurry prepared in A2 into the stock solution in the step A1, stirring and mixing for 40-60min under the condition that the rotating speed is 400-600r/min to obtain spinning solution, spinning and solidifying the spinning solution for forming, and shaping at the temperature of 180-230 ℃ to obtain the flame-retardant elastic fiber;
and step three, uniformly mixing the flame-retardant cotton fibers and the flame-retardant elastic fibers according to the weight ratio, and spinning to obtain the flame-retardant yarn.
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