CN112048055A - Polyether ester type polyurethane coating material and controlled release fertilizer prepared from same - Google Patents
Polyether ester type polyurethane coating material and controlled release fertilizer prepared from same Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
- C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
- C08G18/7657—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings
- C08G18/7664—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings containing alkylene polyphenyl groups
- C08G18/7671—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings containing alkylene polyphenyl groups containing only one alkylene bisphenyl group
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
- C05G5/37—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings layered or coated with a polymer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/36—Hydroxylated esters of higher fatty acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
- C08G18/4288—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain modified by higher fatty oils or their acids or by resin acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/65—Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/66—Compounds of groups C08G18/42, C08G18/48, or C08G18/52
- C08G18/6633—Compounds of group C08G18/42
- C08G18/6662—Compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/36 or hydroxylated esters of higher fatty acids of C08G18/38
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/66—Polyesters containing oxygen in the form of ether groups
- C08G63/668—Polyesters containing oxygen in the form of ether groups derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/676—Polyesters containing oxygen in the form of ether groups derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds in which at least one of the two components contains aliphatic unsaturation
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of polyurethane elastomers, in particular to a polyether ester type polyurethane coating material and a controlled release fertilizer prepared from the same. The polyether ester type polyurethane coating material is prepared by mixing a component A and a component B; the component A comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 25-50% of polyether ester polyol, 12-40% of castor oil and 0.01-0.1% of catalyst B; the component B is as follows: 30-40% of isocyanate; the polyether ester polyol has the functionality of 2.0-2.5, the hydroxyl value of 120-5000 mgKOH/g, the acid value of less than or equal to 2.0mgKOH/g and the viscosity of 500-5000mPa & s at 25 ℃. The polyether ester type polyurethane coating material has good biodegradability and high film strength; the invention also provides the controlled release fertilizer prepared by the method, the release period of the controlled release fertilizer can be adjusted according to the growth period of crops, the application range is wide, the biodegradability is high, and the environment is friendly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of polyurethane elastomers, in particular to a polyether ester type polyurethane coating material and a controlled release fertilizer prepared from the same.
Background
Ordinary chemical fertilizers can be rapidly released in a large amount in soil when meeting water, and the fertilizers which cannot be rapidly absorbed by plants can be lost in vain. The controlled release fertilizer is controlled by the outer layer coating material, the nutrient release speed is synchronous with the nutrient requirement of plants, the utilization rate of the fertilizer efficiency can reach more than 80 percent, the loss of the fertilizer efficiency can be avoided to a great extent, the contradiction between the nutrient supply of the fertilizer and the nutrient requirement of crops is solved, and therefore the fertilizer with the increased nutrient utilization rate is improved, the fertilizer utilization rate is improved, and the fertilizer efficiency period is prolonged. Polyurethane coating materials have been increasingly used in controlled release fertilizers because of the advantages of no solvent, no by-product, low cost, etc.
Patent CN103665309A discloses a preparation method of a polyurethane elastomer composition for slow release fertilizer, which is prepared from a polymer component and a prepolymer component in a mass ratio of 100: 50-70, wherein the polymer component comprises castor oil, polyether polyol, a molecular sieve and a catalyst, and the prepolymer component is obtained by reacting isocyanate and polyether polyol; the prepared composition is coated on the surface of the fertilizer, the release rate of the fertilizer nutrients is slow, and the release period is long. However, the polyurethane composition needs to be synthesized into a prepolymer component separately, the biodegradability is poor, the controlled release time of the fertilizer cannot be adjusted, and the polyurethane composition cannot meet the growth requirements of different crops.
Patent CN106699380A describes a method for preparing a slow release fertilizer coated with bio-based polyurethane coating material, which adopts two components of bio-based polyester polyol and isocyanate to synthesize the polyurethane coating material in one step, and coats the bio-based polyurethane coating material on the surface of fertilizer particles to obtain the controlled release fertilizer, which has the advantages of low cost, low requirement on equipment, and the like, and can obtain polyurethane films with different release rates by changing the mass ratio of the polyester polyol to the isocyanate, but the method has a small adjustment range and is not easy to operate flexibly, and in the process of synthesizing the controlled release fertilizer, functional additives such as plasticizer, filler and the like need to be added, and the synthesis process is relatively complex.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a polyether ester type polyurethane coating material which has good biodegradability and high film strength; the invention also provides the controlled release fertilizer prepared by the method, the release period of the controlled release fertilizer can be adjusted according to the growth period of crops, the application range is wide, the biodegradability is high, and the environment is friendly.
The polyether ester type polyurethane coating material is prepared by mixing a component A and a component B; the component A comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
25-50% of polyether ester polyol
12 to 40 percent of castor oil
0.01 to 0.1 percent of catalyst B;
the component B is as follows:
30-40% of isocyanate;
the polyether ester polyol has the functionality of 2.0-2.5, the hydroxyl value of 120-5000 mgKOH/g, the acid value of less than or equal to 2.0mgKOH/g and the viscosity of 500-5000mPa & s at 25 ℃.
The catalyst B is one of amine catalysts A33, PC-5 and PC-8; PC-8 from New classical chemical materials (Shanghai) Co., Ltd is preferred.
Isocyanate is polymeric MDI; PM-200 from Vanhua chemical company is preferred.
The preparation method of the polyether ester polyol comprises the following steps: according to the mass percentage, 35-40% of aromatic polybasic acid, 35-40% of C2-C6 dihydric alcohol, 10-15% of polyether trihydric alcohol and 8-12% of vegetable oil are mixed, and esterification reaction is carried out under the catalysis of 0.01-0.05% of catalyst A, so as to prepare the polyether ester polyol.
The specific polyether ester polyol is added into the polyurethane coating material, the polyether ester polyol molecular chain contains more ester bonds and more ether bonds, and meanwhile, the molecular chain structure is easy to design directly through raw material feeding, so that the advantages of the polyester polyol and the polyether polyol are achieved, the material has the advantages of low viscosity and good fluidity, and the controlled release fertilizer is convenient to prepare through subsequent spraying.
The aromatic polybasic acid is a mixture of dibasic acid and polybasic acid; the dibasic acid is one or more of adipic acid, succinic acid, phthalic acid, terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid; the polybasic acid is one of trimellitic anhydride and terephthalic acid anhydride.
The dihydric alcohol of C2-C6 is one or more of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butanediol, pentanediol, hexanediol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol and dipropylene glycol.
The triol is polyether polyol obtained by initiating the ring opening of propylene oxide by using 3-functionality micromolecular alcohol as an initiator, and the molecular weight is 500-100; preferably one of polyether polyol C305, polyether polyol C307 and polyether polyol C310 produced by shandong-norway new material limited.
The vegetable oil is one or more of soybean oil, cotton seed oil, palm oil, and castor oil.
Vegetable oil is introduced into a polyether ester polyol molecular chain, and the molecular chain contains more alkane molecular chains similar to castor oil, so that the polyether ester material has good compatibility with the castor oil, the defect of poor intersolubility of the traditional polyester polyol and the castor oil is overcome, no plasticizer or filler with capacity-increasing property is required to be additionally added in the synthesis process, and the material has good biocompatibility.
The catalyst A is one of tetrabutyl titanate and tetraisopropyl titanate.
The controlled release fertilizer prepared from the polyether ester type polyurethane coating material is prepared by spraying the polyether ester type polyurethane coating material on the surface of fertilizer particles.
The polyether ester type polyurethane coating material accounts for 3-4% of the total mass of the fertilizer particles and the polyether ester type polyurethane coating material, and the preferred mass is 3%.
Preferably, the controlled release fertilizer prepared from the polyether ester type polyurethane coating material can be prepared by the following method:
mixing polyether ester polyol, castor oil and a catalyst B in proportion, stirring for 3-5min, controlling the temperature at 50-70 ℃, adding isocyanate, and continuously stirring for 3-5 min; and directly spraying the obtained mixture on the surface of fertilizer particles to be coated for 8-10min, continuously stirring the fertilizer particles for 6-8min to uniformly coat the material, and forming a uniform and stable polyurethane coating film on the surface of the fertilizer particles to obtain the controlled release fertilizer.
The polyurethane coating material can obtain various coating materials with different structures by adjusting the adding proportion of the polyether ester polyol, the castor oil and the isocyanate, and further can meet the coating requirements of various fertilizers and the regulation and control requirements of the release period of different fertilizers in use. Test results show that when the mixing ratio of the polyether ester polyol and the castor oil is changed between 1.5 and 4, the release period of the synthesized controlled release fertilizer can be adjusted within 2 to 5 months, and the growth requirements of various crops are met.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the special polyether ester polyol is added into the polyurethane coating material, and the polyurethane coating material has the advantages of polyester polyol and polyether polyol, ester bonds in a molecular chain increase the biodegradability of the coating material, the environment is protected, the film strength of the coating material is increased due to the addition of the multifunctional polyether, the controlled release fertilizer is not easy to break in the transportation and use processes, and the stability is good;
(2) the polyether ester polyol synthesized by the method has low viscosity, does not need to add auxiliary agents such as a plasticizer and the like, has simple raw material types and convenient synthesis, has better compatibility with castor oil than polyester, has strong operability after being mixed with castor oil and polymeric MDI, and is easier to be made into a uniform and stable coating film;
(3) the polyether ester polyol without a structure can be synthesized by selecting the multifunctional polyether polyol with different molecular weights, so that the release period of the prepared polyurethane coated controlled release fertilizer can be adjusted within 2-5 months, and the fertilizer caters to crops with different growth periods.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
A controlled release fertilizer prepared from a polyether ester type polyurethane coating material comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing adipic acid 2.2kg, 1.8kg of phthalic anhydride, 0.4kg of trimellitic anhydride, 3.9kg of diethylene glycol, 1.3kg of polyether polyol C3051.3 kg, 0.5kg of palm oil, 0.6kg of soybean oil and 5.5g of tetrabutyl titanate are mixed and introduced with N2Protecting, heating to 225-230 ℃ by a program to perform esterification reaction, and cooling after the reaction is finished to obtain brown-yellow polyether ester polyol; detecting the acid value of the product to be 1.0mgKOH/g, the hydroxyl value to be 258mgKOH/g, the water content to be 0.04wt percent and the viscosity to be 2900mPa & s at 25 ℃;
(2) pouring 80g of the polyether ester polyol prepared in the step (1), 20g of castor oil and 20g of catalyst PC-80.018 g into a container, stirring for 5min, controlling the temperature at 55 ℃, adding PM-20062 g, continuously stirring for 3min, directly spraying the obtained mixture onto 5400g of fertilizer particles to be coated, wherein the spraying time is 10min, continuously stirring the fertilizer particles for 8min after the spraying is finished to ensure that the materials are uniformly coated, and forming a uniform and stable polyurethane coating material film which meets the requirements on the surfaces of the fertilizer particles to obtain the controlled release fertilizer.
Example 2
A controlled release fertilizer prepared from a polyether ester type polyurethane coating material comprises the following steps:
(1) polyether ester polyol was prepared according to the raw material composition and method of example 1;
(2) pouring 70g of the polyether ester polyol prepared in the step (1), 30g of castor oil and 80.02 g of catalyst PC-80 into a container, stirring for 5min, controlling the temperature at 55 ℃, adding PM-20059 g, continuously stirring for 3min, directly spraying the obtained mixture onto the surface of 5300g of fertilizer particles to be coated, wherein the spraying time is 10min, continuously stirring the fertilizer particles for 8min after the spraying is finished to uniformly coat the material, and forming a uniform and stable polyurethane coating material film on the surface of the fertilizer particles to obtain the controlled release fertilizer.
Example 3
A controlled release fertilizer prepared from a polyether ester type polyurethane coating material comprises the following steps:
(1) polyether ester polyol was prepared according to the raw material composition and method of example 1;
(2) and (2) pouring 60g of the polyether ester polyol prepared in the step (1), 40g of castor oil and 40g of catalyst PC-80.04 g into a container, stirring for 5min, controlling the temperature at 60 ℃, adding PM-20055.5 g, continuously stirring for 3min, directly spraying the obtained mixture onto the surface of 5180g of fertilizer particles to be coated, wherein the spraying time is 8min, continuously stirring the fertilizer particles for 6min after the spraying is finished to uniformly coat the material, and forming a uniform and stable polyurethane coating material film which meets the requirement on the surface of the fertilizer particles to obtain the controlled release fertilizer.
Example 4
A controlled release fertilizer prepared from a polyether ester type polyurethane coating material comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing 2.6kg of adipic acid, 0.6kg of terephthalic acid anhydride, 3.6kg of triethylene glycol, 1kg of ethylene glycol, 1.2kg of C3101.2 kg of palm oil and 5.5g of tetraisopropyl titanate, and introducing N2Protecting, heating to 225-230 ℃ by a program to perform esterification reaction, and cooling after the reaction is finished to obtain brown-yellow polyether ester polyol; detecting the acid value of the product to be 1.1mgKOH/g, the hydroxyl value to be 253mgKOH/g, the water content to be 0.053wt percent and the viscosity to be 1300mPa & s at 25 ℃;
(2) pouring 80g of the polyether ester polyol prepared in the step (1), 20g of castor oil and 20g of catalyst PC-80.018 g into a container, stirring for 5min, controlling the temperature at 55 ℃, adding PM-20062 g, continuously stirring for 3min, directly spraying the obtained mixture onto 5400g of fertilizer particles to be coated, wherein the spraying time is 10min, continuously stirring the fertilizer particles for 8min after the spraying is finished to ensure that the materials are uniformly coated, and forming a uniform and stable polyurethane coating material film which meets the requirements on the surfaces of the fertilizer particles to obtain the controlled release fertilizer.
Example 5
A controlled release fertilizer prepared from a polyether ester type polyurethane coating material comprises the following steps:
(1) polyether ester polyol was prepared according to the raw material composition and method of example 4;
(2) pouring 70g of the polyether ester polyol prepared in the step (1), 30g of castor oil and 80.02 g of catalyst PC-80 into a container, stirring for 5min, controlling the temperature at 55 ℃, adding PM-20059 g, continuously stirring for 3min, directly spraying the obtained mixture onto the surface of 5300g of fertilizer particles to be coated, wherein the spraying time is 10min, continuously stirring the fertilizer particles for 8min after the spraying is finished to uniformly coat the material, and forming a uniform and stable polyurethane coating material film on the surface of the fertilizer particles to obtain the controlled release fertilizer.
Example 6
A controlled release fertilizer prepared from a polyether ester type polyurethane coating material comprises the following steps:
(1) polyether ester polyol was prepared according to the raw material composition and method of example 4;
(2) and (2) pouring 60g of the polyether ester polyol prepared in the step (1), 40g of castor oil and 40g of catalyst PC-80.04 g into a container, stirring for 5min, controlling the temperature at 60 ℃, adding PM-20055.5 g, continuously stirring for 3min, directly spraying the obtained mixture onto the surface of 5180g of fertilizer particles to be coated, wherein the spraying time is 8min, continuously stirring the fertilizer particles for 6min after the spraying is finished to uniformly coat the material, and forming a uniform and stable polyurethane coating material film which meets the requirement on the surface of the fertilizer particles to obtain the controlled release fertilizer.
Comparative example 1
In the comparative example, conventional polyester polyol is used to replace polyether polyol to prepare the controlled release fertilizer, and the method comprises the following steps:
80g of polyester polyol (with the hydroxyl value of 255mgKOH/g, the acid value of 1.5mgKOH/g, the water content of 0.03 wt% and the viscosity of 6500mPa & s at 25 ℃) sold in the market, 20g of castor oil and 20g of catalyst PC-80.018 g are poured into a container and stirred for 5min, the temperature is controlled to be 55 ℃, PM-20062 g is added and stirred continuously for 3min, the obtained mixture is directly sprayed to 5400g, the spraying time is 10min, and after the spraying is finished, the fertilizer particles are continuously stirred for 8min to obtain the controlled release fertilizer. Because the overall viscosity of the polyester polyurethane coating material is higher, the formed film is not uniform, and some fertilizer particles are not completely coated, a large amount of incompletely-coated films are loosened and fall off after the formed controlled release fertilizer is soaked in hot water.
Comparative example 2
The preparation method of the slow release fertilizer by replacing polyether ester polyol with conventional polyether polyol comprises the following steps:
80g (molecular weight of 700) of the existing commercial trifunctional polyether polyol, 20g of castor oil and 20g of catalyst PC-80.002 g are poured into a container and stirred for 5min, the temperature is controlled at 55 ℃, PM-20062 g is added and stirred continuously for 3min, the obtained mixture is directly sprayed on the surface of 3080g of fertilizer particles to be coated, the spraying time is 6min, after the spraying is finished, the fertilizer particles are continuously stirred for 8min to ensure that the material is uniformly coated, and a uniform and stable polyurethane coating material film which meets the requirements is formed on the surface of the fertilizer particles, so that the controlled release fertilizer is obtained.
Because the polyether type polyurethane coating material has a fast reaction, if the complete coating of the fertilizer is ensured, the obtained coating material layer of the controlled release fertilizer is thicker, the cost is higher, the dissolution rate of nitrogen is lower, and the fertilizer efficiency is influenced; if the same coating amount as in example 1 is maintained, complete coating of the fertilizer granules cannot be ensured, and a complete coating film cannot be formed.
The urea dissolution of the controlled release fertilizer (5% coating) prepared in comparative example 2 is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Urea dissolution of controlled release fertilizer of comparative example 2
According to the recommendations of the European Commission on standardization (CEN) special working group for controlled release fertilizers, the controlled release fertilizer should satisfy the following three conditions: the release amount in 24h cannot exceed 15 percent; ② the release amount is not more than 75% in 28 days; and the release amount is at least 75% in a specified time. The urea dissolution of the controlled release fertilizers prepared in examples 1 to 6 of the present invention was measured according to the above criteria, and the results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 urea dissolution for controlled release fertilizers prepared in examples 1-6
| Item | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Example 5 | Example 6 |
| 24h, the dissolution rate of nitrogen is high | 1.2 | 0.8 | 0.3 | 3.8 | 2.7 | 1.8 |
| The dissolution rate of nitrogen is up to 28 days | 22.4 | 16.6 | 10.2 | 36.9 | 33.4 | 26.7 |
| 35 days, the dissolution rate of nitrogen is% | 32.7 | 24.8 | 15.9 | 58.3 | 51.2 | 45.6 |
| 45 days, the dissolution rate of nitrogen is% | 47.6 | 33.4 | 24.6 | 76.3 | 67.0 | 58.1 |
| The dissolution rate of nitrogen is up to 60 days | 68.2 | 52.2 | 48.4 | 97.5 | 85.4 | 77.5 |
| The dissolution rate of nitrogen is up to 90 days | 84.8 | 73.1 | 60.3 | 100 | 100 | 96.6 |
| 120 days, the dissolution rate of nitrogen is% | 98.7 | 91.8 | 86.5 | 100 |
As can be seen from Table 2, the controlled release fertilizer prepared by the polyether ester type polyurethane coating material meets the standard, the release period span is large, and the prepared controlled release fertilizer can better cater to the growth periods of different crops.
Claims (10)
1. A polyether ester type polyurethane coating material is characterized in that: is prepared by mixing a component A and a component B; the component A comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
25-50% of polyether ester polyol
12 to 40 percent of castor oil
0.01 to 0.1 percent of catalyst B;
the component B is as follows:
30-40% of isocyanate;
the polyether ester polyol has the functionality of 2.0-2.5, the hydroxyl value of 120-5000 mgKOH/g, the acid value of less than or equal to 2.0mgKOH/g and the viscosity of 500-5000mPa & s at 25 ℃.
2. The polyether ester polyurethane coating material of claim 1, wherein: the preparation method of the polyether ester polyol comprises the following steps: according to the mass percentage, 35-40% of aromatic polybasic acid, 35-40% of C2-C6 dihydric alcohol, 10-15% of polyether trihydric alcohol and 8-12% of vegetable oil are mixed, and esterification reaction is carried out under the catalysis of 0.01-0.05% of catalyst A, so as to prepare the polyether ester polyol.
3. The polyether ester polyurethane coating material of claim 1, wherein: the catalyst B is one of amine catalysts A33, PC-5 and PC-8; the isocyanate is polymeric MDI.
4. The polyether ester polyurethane coating material of claim 2, wherein: the aromatic polybasic acid is a mixture of dibasic acid and polybasic acid; the dibasic acid is one or more of adipic acid, succinic acid, phthalic acid, terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid; the polybasic acid is one of trimellitic anhydride and terephthalic acid anhydride.
5. The polyether ester polyurethane coating material of claim 2, wherein: the dihydric alcohol of C2-C6 is one or more of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butanediol, pentanediol, hexanediol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol and dipropylene glycol.
6. The polyether ester polyurethane coating material of claim 2, wherein: the triol is polyether polyol obtained by initiating the ring opening of propylene oxide by using 3-functionality micromolecular alcohol as an initiator, and the molecular weight is 500-100.
7. The polyether ester polyurethane coating material of claim 2, wherein: the vegetable oil is one or more of soybean oil, cotton seed oil, palm oil, and castor oil.
8. The polyether ester polyurethane coating material of claim 2, wherein: the catalyst A is one of tetrabutyl titanate and tetraisopropyl titanate.
9. A controlled release fertilizer prepared from the polyether ester type polyurethane coating material of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the controlled release fertilizer comprises: the fertilizer is prepared by spraying polyether ester type polyurethane coating material on the surface of fertilizer particles.
10. The controlled release fertilizer prepared from the polyether ester type polyurethane coating material according to claim 9, wherein the controlled release fertilizer comprises: the polyether ester type polyurethane coating material accounts for 3-4% of the total mass of the fertilizer particles and the polyether ester type polyurethane coating material.
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Application publication date: 20201208 |