CN112047671A - Inorganic coating anti-freezing composite concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Inorganic coating anti-freezing composite concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
- C04B14/04—Silica-rich materials; Silicates
- C04B14/06—Quartz; Sand
- C04B14/068—Specific natural sands, e.g. sea -, beach -, dune - or desert sand
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- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/12—Waste materials; Refuse from quarries, mining or the like
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- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/60—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only artificial stone
- C04B41/61—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/65—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/30—Water reducers, plasticisers, air-entrainers, flow improvers
- C04B2103/302—Water reducers
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/2084—Thermal shock resistance
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
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- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
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- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Abstract
The invention discloses an inorganic coating anti-freezing composite concrete and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of concrete. The technical scheme is as follows: the antifreeze composite concrete with the inorganic coating comprises the following components in parts by weight: 418 parts of cement; 22 parts of silica fume; 785 parts of sand; 999 parts of stones; 4.4 parts of an additive; 176 parts of water; the additive comprises an XT-HPA environment-friendly high-permeability inorganic crystalline waterproofing agent (permeable type) (hereinafter referred to as XT-HPA permeable type) and a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent in a weight ratio of 1: 1; the external coating adopts XT-HPS high penetration enhancement sealant (composite type) (hereinafter referred to as XT-HPS composite type). The invention has simple formula and good freezing resistance and durability, and is suitable for various engineering projects in alpine regions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of inorganic composite materials, relates to inorganic coating anti-freezing composite concrete and a preparation method thereof, and particularly relates to inorganic coating anti-freezing concrete used in alpine regions and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Most areas in China belong to severe cold regions, and the requirement on the frost resistance of buildings is high. Under the conditions of severe cold and extreme temperature difference, the internal and external contraction of the conventional concrete is inconsistent, so that the internal stress of the concrete is increased, and cracks are generated.
In order to improve the frost resistance of concrete, an inorganic coating is usually added to the concrete, and the bonding property and the waterproof property of the concrete are enhanced depending on the performance of the inorganic coating. However, in the later stage of concrete curing, fine cracks still can be generated inside concrete due to large temperature difference between the inside and the outside in severe cold areas, and the internal cracks gradually increase along with continuous freezing and melting, so that the strength of the whole concrete construction building is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides an inorganic coating antifreeze composite concrete and a preparation method thereof, wherein the inorganic coating and the external inorganic coating are added to improve the waterproof and bonding properties of the concrete, so that the antifreeze durability of the concrete is improved.
The invention solves the technical problems by the following technical means:
the invention relates to an inorganic coating antifreezing composite concrete, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the additive comprises an XT-HPA environment-friendly high-permeability inorganic crystalline waterproofing agent and a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent in a weight ratio of 1: 1.
The external inorganic coating adopts XT-HPS high-permeability reinforced composite sealant.
The stones are continuously graded with a particle size of 5-25 mm.
The sand uses natural medium sand in the II area.
The silica fume is used according to GB/T27690-2011 silica fume for mortar and concrete.
A preparation method of the inorganic coating anti-freezing composite concrete comprises the following steps:
1) pouring sand and stones into respective raw material bins for pre-homogenization;
2) stirring the sand and the stones in a forced stirrer for 2 min;
3) adding cement, silica fume and a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent into a forced stirrer, stirring for 5min, adding an XT-HPA environment-friendly high-permeability inorganic crystalline waterproof agent, and stirring for 2 min;
4) and curing the concrete test piece and the test block in water for 28 days, and spraying an XT-HPS high-permeability reinforced composite sealant.
The spraying method of the XT-HPS high-permeability reinforced composite sealant comprises the following steps:
1) taking out the concrete test block and the test piece from the water, cleaning impurities on the surface of the concrete test block and the test piece, and naturally airing the concrete test block and the test piece for 24 hours;
2) the concrete surface is moistened by using a pneumatic watering can filled with clear water, no clear water can be on the surface, the XT-HPS high-permeability reinforced composite sealant is sprayed on the whole concrete surface for one time, and after the surface layer is dried in the air for a few minutes, the XT-HPS high-permeability reinforced composite sealant is sprayed again.
The sand and the stones are used as basic lapping frameworks of the concrete, the quantity of the stones is larger, and the sand is filled in gaps among the stones and forms the basic lapping frameworks of the concrete together with the stones. Cement and silica fume are dissolved in water to form viscous slurry, and the slurry is wrapped on the outside of the lap joint frameworks to enhance the bonding effect between the lap joint frameworks, so that the strength of the concrete basic framework is improved. The XT-HPA is added into concrete to raise the adhesion and prevent concrete shrinkage crack.
In addition, the admixture comprises XT-HPA penetration type and polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent. The XT-HPA penetration type can improve the bonding property between the concrete lap joint framework and the slurry, and the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent added into the concrete can further reduce the water consumption and increase the bonding strength between the lap joint frameworks.
Further, the admixture comprises XT-HPA permeable water reducing agent and polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent in a weight ratio of 1: 1.
By adopting the technical scheme, the concrete surface is moistened by using the pneumatic watering can filled with clear water, attention is paid to the fact that the surface cannot contain clear water, the XT-HPS environment-friendly high-permeability reinforced sealant is sprayed on the whole concrete surface for one time, and after the surface layer is dried in the air for a few minutes, the XT-HPS environment-friendly high-permeability reinforced sealant is sprayed again. The XT-HPS environment-friendly high-permeability reinforced sealant can improve the overall bonding strength of concrete, can block crack expansion and water intrusion in the concrete freeze-thawing process, and prevents concrete segregation and delamination.
Further, the stones are continuously graded with a particle size of 5-25 mm.
Further, the sand uses natural medium sand in the II area.
Further, as the silica fume, silica fume for mortar and concrete according to GBT27690-2011 was used.
By adopting the technical scheme, the stones with 5-25mm continuous gradation are used as basic lapping frameworks, the sizes of the stones are different, the stones with smaller particles are filled among the stones with larger particle sizes, and the concrete frameworks with different lapping levels are integrally formed. The natural medium sand in the area II has smaller grain diameter and is filled in gaps among stones, so that the strength of the lapped framework is further enhanced. The silica fume has low hydration heat and contains a large amount of active silica and alumina, so that the cement is more fully hydrated. In addition, the active silica and the alumina have smaller particle sizes and are filled among cement particles, so that the compactness of concrete can be improved.
The concrete prepared by the formula has good compression resistance, and the strength loss is small after multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
After the sand and the stones are pre-homogenized, the surfaces of the sand and the stones are rubbed with each other to form new sections, and the new sections are easily mixed with the slurry and have strong adhesion.
When the concrete is prepared, sand and stones for constructing the concrete framework are uniformly stirred in advance, and then the sand and the stones are mixed with cement, silica fume and a water reducing agent to form a uniformly dispersed concrete system. And then, an XT-HPA environment-friendly high-permeability inorganic crystalline waterproof agent is added and stirred, and the slurry, the sand and the stones are bonded by an XT-HPA environment-friendly high-permeability inorganic crystalline waterproof agent solution, so that the coating is tighter.
The XT-HPS environment-friendly high-permeability reinforced sealant is uniformly sprayed on the surface of concrete, so that an inorganic waterproof layer is formed on the surface of the concrete, and the bonding and waterproof effects are better.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the continuous graded stones and sands are mutually filled and overlapped to form a stable concrete framework, so that the compressive strength of the concrete is increased.
2. The XT-HPA environment-friendly high-permeability inorganic crystalline waterproofing agent is added into the concrete, so that the bonding effect between the basic lap joint framework of the concrete and the gel substance is improved.
3. The XT-HPS environment-friendly high-permeability reinforced sealant is sprayed on the surface of the concrete, so that an inorganic waterproof layer is formed on the surface of the concrete, and the bonding and waterproof performances of the concrete are improved.
4. The water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, so that the bonding strength of the lap joint framework and the gel substance in the concrete is further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation process of the inorganic coating antifreeze concrete.
Detailed Description
The invention will be illustrated by the following specific examples, and the inorganic coating frost-resistant composite concrete of the invention comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the additive comprises an XT-HPA environment-friendly high-permeability inorganic crystalline waterproofing agent and a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent in a weight ratio of 1: 1.
The external inorganic coating adopts XT-HPS high-permeability reinforced composite sealant.
The stones are continuously graded with a particle size of 5-25 mm.
The sand uses natural medium sand in the II area.
The silica fume is used according to GB/T27690-2011 silica fume for mortar and concrete.
A preparation method of the inorganic coating anti-freezing composite concrete comprises the following steps:
1) pouring sand and stones into respective raw material bins for pre-homogenization;
2) stirring the sand and the stones in a forced stirrer for 2 min;
3) adding cement, silica fume and a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent into a forced stirrer, stirring for 5min, adding an XT-HPA environment-friendly high-permeability inorganic crystalline waterproof agent, and stirring for 2 min;
4) and curing the concrete test piece and the test block in water for 28 days, and spraying an XT-HPS high-permeability reinforced composite sealant.
The spraying method of the XT-HPS high-permeability reinforced composite sealant comprises the following steps:
1) taking out the concrete test block and the test piece from the water, cleaning impurities on the surface of the concrete test block and the test piece, and naturally airing the concrete test block and the test piece for 24 hours;
2) the concrete surface is moistened by using a pneumatic watering can filled with clear water, no clear water can be on the surface, the XT-HPS high-permeability reinforced composite sealant is sprayed on the whole concrete surface for one time, and after the surface layer is dried in the air for a few minutes, the XT-HPS high-permeability reinforced composite sealant is sprayed again.
Example 1
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to fig. 1.
The raw materials related to the invention are all commercially available, and the specific specifications and manufacturers are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 specification and manufacturer of raw materials used in the examples
A method for preparing inorganic coated frost resistant concrete comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: 785kg of sand and 999kg of pebbles are introduced into respective raw material bins for pre-homogenization;
step two: 785kg of sand and 999kg of stones are put in a forced stirrer to be stirred for 2 min;
step three: 418kg of cement, 22kg of silica fume and 2.2kg of water reducing agent are added into a forced stirrer to be stirred for 5min, and then 2.2kgXT-HPA environment-friendly high-permeability inorganic crystalline waterproof agent is added to be stirred for 2 min;
step four: and curing the concrete test piece and the test block in water for 28 days, and spraying an XT-HPS environment-friendly high-permeability reinforcing sealant.
The XT-HPS environment-friendly high-permeability reinforced sealant spraying method comprises the following steps:
s1, taking out the concrete test block and the test piece from the water, cleaning the surface impurities and naturally airing for 24 hours;
s2, wetting the surface of the concrete by using a pneumatic watering can filled with clear water, spraying the XT-HPS environment-friendly high-permeability reinforced sealant on the whole surface of the concrete once when the surface cannot contain clear water, and spraying the XT-HPS environment-friendly high-permeability reinforced sealant again after a few minutes until the surface is dried.
Wherein the admixture comprises the following components in percentage by weight of 1:1 XT-HPA environment-friendly high-permeability inorganic crystalline waterproofing agent and polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
The freeze-thaw cycle test of the inorganic coating anti-freezing concrete prepared by the mixture ratio is carried out according to the fast freeze-thaw test regulation in the test method for the long-term durability and the durability of common concrete (GBJ82-85), and the dynamic elastic modulus and the quality of the test are tested; the compressive strength is in accordance with GB/T50081-2002 Standard of mechanical Properties test methods of ordinary concrete.
The frost resistance of the inorganic coating concrete is tested as follows: placing the concrete test block and the test piece which are maintained in the water saturation state for 28 days into a rubber barrel, placing the rubber barrel into a rapid freeze-thaw circulating machine for freeze-thaw circulating test, wherein the water surface is 2cm higher than that of the concrete test block and the test block, the concrete test block and the test block are in the water saturation state in the freeze-thaw process, and the compression strength, the dynamic elastic modulus and the quality are tested every 50 times of freeze-thaw circulation. The freezing resistance coefficient, the relative dynamic elastic modulus and the mass loss are respectively obtained for 300 times, and the three types of test data are specifically shown in table 2.
Table 2 shows three types of test data of the inorganic coating anti-freeze concrete
From the above data, it can be seen that the initial compressive strength, the dynamic elastic modulus and the mass of the concrete prepared by using the above formulation are 67.05MPa, 49.00GPa and 10.0665kg respectively, and the concrete can bear enough strength. After 300 times of circulating freeze thawing, the freeze resistance coefficient, the relative dynamic elastic modulus and the mass loss rate are 80.89%, 64.37% and 0.44% respectively, wherein the relative dynamic elastic modulus is higher than 60%, and the mass loss rate is lower than 5%, which reaches the national standard of the test method for the long-term durability and the durability of common concrete (GBJ82-85), meanwhile, the mass loss rate of the concrete is extremely low due to the spraying of the inner blending surface of the inorganic coating, the compressive strength is far higher than the standard of C40 concrete, no crack is generated on the surface of the concrete after 300 times of the freeze thawing cycle, the strength is reduced slightly, and the concrete has good freeze resistance.
The admixture uses an XT-HPA environment-friendly high-permeability inorganic crystalline waterproofing agent and a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent in a weight ratio of 1:1, so that the using amount of water in concrete is reduced, and the viscosity of the slurry is increased. The bonding between the lapping skeleton formed by the sand and the stones and the slurry is firmer under the action of an XT-HPA environment-friendly high-permeability inorganic crystalline waterproofing agent and a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, so that the frost resistance of the concrete is improved.
Example 2
The inorganic coating anti-freezing composite concrete is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
418 parts of cement; 22 parts of silica fume; 785 parts of sand; 999 parts of stones; 4.4 parts of an additive; 176 parts of water; the additive comprises an XT-HPA environment-friendly high-permeability inorganic crystalline waterproofing agent (permeable type) (hereinafter referred to as XT-HPA permeable type) and a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent in a weight ratio of 1: 1; the external inorganic coating adopts XT-HPS high penetration enhancement sealant (composite type) (hereinafter referred to as XT-HPS composite type).
The additive comprises an XT-HPA environment-friendly high-permeability inorganic crystalline waterproofing agent (permeable type) (hereinafter referred to as XT-HPA permeable type) and a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent in a weight ratio of 1: 1.
The external inorganic coating adopts XT-HPS high penetration enhancement sealant (composite type) (hereinafter referred to as XT-HPS composite type).
The stones are continuously graded with a particle size of 5-25 mm.
The sand uses natural medium sand in the II area.
The silica fume was used according to GBT27690-2011 mortar and silica fume for concrete.
The preparation method of the inorganic coating anti-freezing composite concrete is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: introducing sand and pebbles into respective raw material bins for pre-homogenization;
step two: stirring the sand and the stones in a forced stirrer for 2 min;
step three: adding cement, silica fume and a water reducing agent into a forced stirrer, stirring for 5min, adding an XT-HPA environment-friendly high-permeability inorganic crystalline waterproof agent, and stirring for 2 min;
step four: and curing the concrete test piece and the test block in water for 28 days, and spraying an XT-HPS environment-friendly high-permeability reinforcing sealant.
The XT-HPS environment-friendly high-permeability reinforced sealant spraying method comprises the following steps:
s1, taking out the concrete test block and the test piece from the water, cleaning the surface impurities and naturally airing for 24 hours;
s2, wetting the surface of the concrete by using a pneumatic watering can filled with clear water, spraying the XT-HPS environment-friendly high-permeability reinforced sealant on the whole surface of the concrete once when the surface cannot contain clear water, and spraying the XT-HPS environment-friendly high-permeability reinforced sealant again after a few minutes until the surface is dried.
Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The inorganic coating anti-freezing composite concrete is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
2. the inorganic coated frost resistant concrete of claim 1, wherein: the additive comprises an XT-HPA environment-friendly high-permeability inorganic crystalline waterproofing agent and a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent in a weight ratio of 1: 1.
3. The inorganic coated frost resistant concrete of claim 1, wherein: the external inorganic coating adopts XT-HPS high-permeability reinforced composite sealant.
4. The inorganic coated frost resistant concrete of claim 1, wherein: the stones are continuously graded with a particle size of 5-25 mm.
5. The inorganic coated frost resistant concrete of claim 1, wherein: the sand uses natural medium sand in the II area.
6. The inorganic coated frost resistant concrete of claim 1, wherein: the silica fume is used according to GB/T27690-2011 silica fume for mortar and concrete.
7. The preparation method of the inorganic coating anti-freezing composite concrete is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) pouring sand and stones into respective raw material bins for pre-homogenization;
2) stirring the sand and the stones in a forced stirrer for 2 min;
3) adding cement, silica fume and a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent into a forced stirrer, stirring for 5min, adding an XT-HPA environment-friendly high-permeability inorganic crystalline waterproof agent, and stirring for 2 min;
4) and curing the concrete test piece and the test block in water for 28 days, and spraying an XT-HPS high-permeability reinforced composite sealant.
8. The method for preparing the inorganic coating antifreeze composite concrete according to claim 7, wherein the method for spraying the XT-HPS high permeability reinforced composite sealant comprises the following steps:
1) taking out the concrete test block and the test piece from the water, cleaning impurities on the surface of the concrete test block and the test piece, and naturally airing the concrete test block and the test piece for 24 hours;
2) the concrete surface is moistened by using a pneumatic watering can filled with clear water, no clear water can be on the surface, the XT-HPS high-permeability reinforced composite sealant is sprayed on the whole concrete surface for one time, and after the surface layer is dried in the air for a few minutes, the XT-HPS high-permeability reinforced composite sealant is sprayed again.
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Application publication date: 20201208 |