CN112047414A - Seawater desalination system suitable for LNG fuel power ship - Google Patents
Seawater desalination system suitable for LNG fuel power ship Download PDFInfo
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- CN112047414A CN112047414A CN202010765533.4A CN202010765533A CN112047414A CN 112047414 A CN112047414 A CN 112047414A CN 202010765533 A CN202010765533 A CN 202010765533A CN 112047414 A CN112047414 A CN 112047414A
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- lng
- seawater
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- fresh water
- cold circulation
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- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001163 endosome Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/22—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by freezing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/10—Energy recovery
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a seawater desalination system suitable for an LNG fuel power ship, which comprises an LNG supply system, a cold circulation system, a raw material seawater system and a fresh water conversion system, wherein the LNG supply system and the cold circulation system exchange heat to provide a heat source for the LNG supply system, the raw material seawater system is connected with the cold circulation system through a pipeline, the cold circulation system is connected with the fresh water conversion system, and the LNG supply system is connected with the fresh water conversion system through a pipeline and provides a heat source for the fresh water conversion system. The temperature of the refrigerant is reduced by cooling the refrigerant through a large amount of cold energy released by the liquefied natural gas in the gasification process, ice crystals are prepared through heat exchange between the refrigerant and the seawater, the ice crystals are melted by using high-temperature waste gas of the dual-fuel engine, and fresh water is finally obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ship fresh water generation systems, in particular to a seawater desalination system suitable for an LNG fuel power ship.
Background
In the sailing process of ocean-going ships, personnel and equipment need to consume a large amount of fresh water, the large amount of fresh water consumption can not meet the demand only by means of the fresh water carried by the ships, and large ships are usually provided with seawater desalination devices for meeting the requirements of the fresh water of the ships. The working principle of the seawater and fresh water device commonly used on the ship at present is mainly a distillation method or a reverse osmosis method. The freezing method is to realize seawater desalination by utilizing the principle that salt is removed from ice crystals in the freezing process of seawater, and compared with a distillation method and a reverse osmosis method, the freezing method has the advantages of simpler flow and low theoretical energy consumption, but an additional set of refrigerating system is required to be configured to provide cold energy for a refrigerant, and a large amount of energy is consumed, so the freezing method is rarely applied to a ship system.
As a clean low-carbon energy source, LNG (liquefied natural gas) is increasingly used as a power fuel by ships. For LNG-fueled ships, natural gas is first stored in a storage tank in a liquid state at-163 ℃, the natural gas needs to be gasified from Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) to gaseous Natural Gas (NG), and finally delivered to the ship engine in a gaseous state, and the natural gas releases a large amount of cold energy during the gasification process, and currently there is no good means for utilizing the cold energy. On the other hand, the exhaust gas discharged by the ship engine also has a large amount of waste heat which can be utilized.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a seawater desalination system suitable for an LNG fuel power ship, which utilizes the cold energy released in the gasification process of liquefied natural gas and the waste heat in the exhaust gas of a ship engine to carry out seawater desalination, and the technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a sea water desalination system suitable for LNG fuel power ship, this system includes LNG supply system, cold circulation system, raw materials sea water system, fresh water conversion system, and LNG supply system and cold circulation system carry out the heat exchange and provide the heat source for LNG supply system, and raw materials sea water system passes through pipe connection cold circulation system, and cold circulation system connects fresh water conversion system, and LNG supply system passes through pipe connection fresh water conversion system and provides the heat source for fresh water conversion system.
Further, the LNG supply system comprises an LNG fuel cabin, a cryogenic pump, a first heat exchanger and a dual-fuel engine which are sequentially connected, and the LNG supply system exchanges heat with the cold circulation system through the first heat exchanger; the dual-fuel engine is connected with the seawater conversion system through a pipeline and provides a heat source for the seawater conversion system; the raw material seawater system comprises a seawater pump, a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, wherein the seawater pump is connected to the front end of the water inlet pipe, the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are respectively connected with a cold circulation system, and a second heat exchanger is further arranged between the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe.
Furthermore, a filter is arranged on the water inlet pipe and is arranged between the seawater pump and the cold circulation system.
Further, the fresh water conversion system comprises an ice storage cabin and a fresh water cabin, a conveying device is further arranged between the ice storage cabin and the cold circulation system, the ice storage cabin and the fresh water cabin are connected through a pipeline, and the dual-fuel engine is connected with the ice storage cabin through a pipeline.
Furthermore, the cold circulation system comprises a crystallizer and a refrigerant transmission pipeline, the crystallizer comprises an inner body and an outer body, the inner body is movably arranged in the outer body, and the inner body can rotate relative to the outer body; the refrigerant transmission pipeline is connected with the first heat exchanger, and two ends of the refrigerant transmission pipeline are respectively connected with the upper end and the lower end of the inner body; one end of the water inlet pipe is communicated with the upper end of the outer body, and one end of the water outlet pipe is communicated with the lower end of the outer body.
Furthermore, one end of the water inlet pipe is also provided with a spray head which is arranged between the inner body and the outer body.
Furthermore, an ice scraping knife is further arranged on the inner side wall of the outer body, and a conveying device is vertically arranged below the ice scraping knife.
Further, the heat source provided by the dual fuel engine is gas.
Furthermore, a refrigerant is arranged in the refrigerant transmission pipeline, and the refrigerant is one of inorganic matters, Freon and hydrocarbons.
Furthermore, a heating pipeline is arranged in the ice storage cabin, and the dual-fuel engine is connected with the heating pipeline in the ice storage cabin through a pipeline.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the temperature of the refrigerant is reduced by cooling the refrigerant through a large amount of cold energy released by the liquefied natural gas in the gasification process, ice crystals are prepared through heat exchange between the refrigerant and the seawater, the ice crystals are melted by using high-temperature waste gas of the dual-fuel engine, and fresh water is finally obtained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a cooling cycle system of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, an LNG fuel tank; 2. a first heat exchanger; 3. a dual fuel engine; 4. a crystallizer; 5. an ice storage compartment; 6. a fresh water compartment; 7. a second heat exchanger; 8. a filter; 9. a sea water pump; 10. a cryopump; 11. a water inlet pipe; 12. a water outlet pipe; 13. a conveying device; 14. a refrigerant transmission pipeline; 41. an endosome; 42. an outer body; 43. a spray head; 44. an ice scraping blade.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments:
a seawater desalination system suitable for LNG-fueled ships, as shown in fig. 1-2, comprises an LNG supply system, a cold circulation system, a raw seawater system, and a fresh water conversion system.
Specifically, the LNG supply system comprises an LNG fuel tank 1, a cryogenic pump 10, a first heat exchanger 2 and a dual-fuel engine 3; the raw material seawater system comprises a seawater pump 9, a filter 8, a water inlet pipe 11, a water outlet pipe 12 and a second heat exchanger 7; the fresh water conversion system comprises an ice storage cabin 5, a fresh water cabin 6 and a conveying device 13; the cold circulation system comprises a crystallizer 4 and a refrigerant transmission pipeline 14, the crystallizer 4 comprises an inner body 41 and an outer body 42, the inner body 41 is movably arranged inside the outer body 42, and the inner body 41 can rotate along an axis relative to the outer body 42; the refrigerant transmission pipeline 14 passes through the first heat exchanger 2 to exchange heat with the LNG supply system, two ends of the refrigerant transmission pipeline 14 are respectively connected with the upper end and the lower end of the inner body 41, and the refrigerant in the refrigerant transmission pipeline 41 needs to satisfy the following characteristics: the heat-conducting material has high heat conductivity coefficient, good chemical stability, small corrosivity to metal, small temperature difference between a solidification point and LNG (liquefied natural gas), and can adopt one of inorganic substances, Freon and hydrocarbon, and a refrigerant does not generate phase change in the heat exchange process.
As shown in fig. 1, an LNG bunker 1, a cryogenic pump 10, a first heat exchanger 2, and a dual-fuel engine 3 are connected in sequence, the cryogenic pump 10 pumps low-temperature liquid LNG in the LNG bunker 1 through the first heat exchanger 2 and converts the low-temperature liquid LNG into gaseous natural gas for the dual-fuel engine 3 to use, and high-temperature exhaust gas generated by the dual-fuel engine 3 is delivered to a fresh water conversion system through a pipeline.
The seawater pump 9, the filter 8, the second heat exchanger 7 and the spray head 43 are connected in sequence through the water inlet pipe 11, the spray head 43 is arranged between the inner body 41 and the outer body 42, seawater is sprayed to the surface of the inner body 41 of the crystallizer 4 through the spray head 43, part of the seawater is crystallized on the surface of the inner body 41 of the crystallizer 4, the rest of the seawater flows out through the water outlet pipe 12 at the lower end, and the seawater flowing out of the water outlet pipe 12 exchanges heat with the seawater in the water inlet pipe 11 through the second heat exchanger 7 and then is discharged.
Still be equipped with conveyer 13 between ice-storage cabin 5 and the cold circulation system, conveyer 13 is used for transmitting the ice-cube, and ice-storage cabin 5 sets up the upper end at fresh water cabin 6, through the pipe connection between ice-storage cabin 5 and the fresh water cabin 6, sets up heating pipeline inside ice-storage cabin 5, and dual-fuel engine 3 passes through the heating pipeline of pipe connection ice-storage cabin 5 inside, provides the heat source for ice-storage cabin 5. The inner side wall of the outer body 42 is further provided with an ice scraper 44, a conveying device 13 is vertically arranged below the ice scraper 44, the conveying device 13 is an ice transfer belt, and when seawater crystals on the outer surface of the inner body 41 reach a certain thickness, the crystals are scraped down by the rotating inner body 41 under the action of the ice scraper 44 and then are conveyed to the ice storage cabin 5 through the ice transfer belt.
The working process is as follows:
1. firstly, a cryogenic pump 10 inputs Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) in an LNG fuel tank 1 into a first heat exchanger 2, the liquefied natural gas and a high-temperature refrigerant exchange heat in the first heat exchanger 2, the liquefied natural gas is evaporated and gasified to become gaseous natural gas in the heat exchange process, then the gaseous natural gas is input into a dual-fuel engine 3 through a pipeline to serve as fuel of the dual-fuel engine 3, the high-temperature refrigerant releases heat, the liquefied natural gas is cooled to become a low-temperature refrigerant after exchanging heat with the liquefied natural gas, and the low-temperature refrigerant enters a crystallizer 4 through a refrigerant transmission pipeline 14 to serve as a cold source for cooling and freezing seawater;
2. raw material seawater passes through a seawater pump 9 and then enters a filter 8 along a water inlet pipe 11, impurities are filtered and then enter a second heat exchanger 7 through a pipeline, the seawater exchanges heat with low-temperature concentrated seawater discharged from a crystallizer 4 in the second heat exchanger 7, and then the low-temperature raw material seawater enters an outer body 42 of the crystallizer 4 through the water inlet pipe 11;
3. the inner body 41 of the mold 4 rotates along the middle vertical rotation axis, and the low temperature refrigerant is inputted into the inner body 41 through the refrigerant transmission pipe 14, so that the temperature of the inner body is lowered. During the rotation of the inner body 41, the raw seawater flowing out of the second heat exchanger 7 is sprayed to the outer surface of the inner body 41 through the outer body spray head, the seawater contacts the low-temperature inner body 41, is frozen and adhered to the outer surface of the inner body 41, the rest seawater flows to the bottom of the outer body 42, and is conveyed to the second heat exchanger 7 through the water outlet pipe 12 due to the low temperature of the seawater, and exchanges heat with the raw seawater in the second heat exchanger 7;
4. when the ice crystals on the surface of the inner body 41 reach a certain thickness, the spray head 43 stops spraying water, the ice scraper 44 extends out to scrape the ice crystals on the outer surface of the inner body 41 off and fall into the ice transfer belt at the bottom, and the ice transfer belt transports the ice crystals to the ice storage cabin 5
5. In the ice storage cabin 5, a heating pipeline heats ice crystals, fresh water after the ice crystals are melted flows into the fresh water cabin 6, and a heat source for melting the ice in the heating pipeline is high-temperature waste gas generated by combustion of the dual-fuel engine 3;
6. the low-temperature concentrated seawater flowing out of the crystallizer 4 and the raw seawater flowing out of the filter 8 are subjected to heat exchange in the second heat exchanger 7, so that the temperature of the raw seawater is lowered, the crystallization load is reduced, and the concentrated seawater subjected to heat exchange is discharged overboard.
The present invention is further explained and not limited by the embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications as necessary after reading the present specification, but all the embodiments are protected by the patent law within the scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The seawater desalination system is characterized by comprising an LNG supply system, a cold circulation system, a raw material seawater system and a fresh water conversion system, wherein the LNG supply system and the cold circulation system exchange heat to provide a heat source for the LNG supply system, the raw material seawater system is connected with the cold circulation system through a pipeline, the cold circulation system is connected with the fresh water conversion system, and the LNG supply system is connected with the fresh water conversion system through a pipeline and provides a heat source for the fresh water conversion system.
2. The seawater desalination system suitable for the LNG-fueled ship according to claim 1, wherein the LNG supply system comprises an LNG bunker, a cryogenic pump, a first heat exchanger and a dual-fuel engine which are connected in sequence, and the LNG supply system exchanges heat with the cold circulation system through the first heat exchanger; the dual-fuel engine is connected with the seawater conversion system through a pipeline and provides a heat source for the seawater conversion system; the raw material seawater system comprises a seawater pump, a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, the seawater pump is connected to the front end of the water inlet pipe, the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are respectively connected with a cold circulation system, and a second heat exchanger is further arranged between the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe.
3. The seawater desalination system suitable for the LNG-fueled ship according to claim 2, wherein the water inlet pipe is further provided with a filter, and the filter is arranged between the seawater pump and the cold circulation system.
4. The seawater desalination system suitable for the LNG fuel power ship as claimed in claim 2, wherein the fresh water conversion system comprises an ice storage tank and a fresh water tank, a transmission device is further arranged between the ice storage tank and the cold circulation system, the ice storage tank and the fresh water tank are connected through a pipeline, and the dual-fuel engine is connected with the ice storage tank through a pipeline.
5. The seawater desalination system suitable for the LNG-fueled ship according to claim 2, wherein the cold circulation system comprises a crystallizer and a refrigerant transmission pipeline, the crystallizer comprises an inner body and an outer body, the inner body is movably arranged inside the outer body, and the inner body can rotate relative to the outer body; the refrigerant transmission pipeline is connected with the first heat exchanger, and two ends of the refrigerant transmission pipeline are respectively connected with the upper end and the lower end of the inner body; one end of the water inlet pipe is communicated with the upper end of the outer body, and one end of the water outlet pipe is communicated with the lower end of the outer body.
6. The seawater desalination system for an LNG-fueled ship according to claim 5, wherein a spray nozzle is further provided at one end of the water inlet pipe, and the spray nozzle is disposed between the inner body and the outer body.
7. The seawater desalination system suitable for the LNG fuel power-driven ship of claim 5, wherein an ice scraper is further arranged on the inner side wall of the outer body, and a conveying device is vertically arranged below the ice scraper.
8. The seawater desalination system suitable for the LNG-fueled ship according to claim 2 or 4, wherein the heat source provided by the dual-fuel engine is gas.
9. The seawater desalination system suitable for an LNG-fueled ship according to claim 5, wherein a refrigerant is provided in the refrigerant transmission pipeline, and the refrigerant is one of an inorganic substance, freon and a hydrocarbon.
10. The seawater desalination system suitable for the LNG-fueled ship according to claim 4, wherein a heating pipeline is disposed in the ice storage tank, and the dual-fuel engine is connected to the heating pipeline in the ice storage tank through a pipeline.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010765533.4A CN112047414A (en) | 2020-08-03 | 2020-08-03 | Seawater desalination system suitable for LNG fuel power ship |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010765533.4A CN112047414A (en) | 2020-08-03 | 2020-08-03 | Seawater desalination system suitable for LNG fuel power ship |
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| CN112047414A true CN112047414A (en) | 2020-12-08 |
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| CN202010765533.4A Pending CN112047414A (en) | 2020-08-03 | 2020-08-03 | Seawater desalination system suitable for LNG fuel power ship |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116332269A (en) * | 2023-04-25 | 2023-06-27 | 瑞蓝科环保工程技术有限公司 | Intelligent device for desalting sea water by utilizing LNG cold energy |
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| CN101624224A (en) * | 2009-08-13 | 2010-01-13 | 上海交通大学 | Desalting method with phase change for indirectly freeze seawater by using of liquefied natural gas refrigeration capacity |
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| US20190039916A1 (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2019-02-07 | Dalian University Of Technology | A system for flue-gas hydrate-based desalination using lng cold energy |
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-
2020
- 2020-08-03 CN CN202010765533.4A patent/CN112047414A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5673590A (en) * | 1979-11-19 | 1981-06-18 | Hitachi Ltd | Sea water desalting apparatus utilizing lng cold latent heat |
| CN1792829A (en) * | 2005-11-11 | 2006-06-28 | 魏仕英 | Apparatus for sea water desalting by rotating jet-flow vacuum freezing method |
| CN101624224A (en) * | 2009-08-13 | 2010-01-13 | 上海交通大学 | Desalting method with phase change for indirectly freeze seawater by using of liquefied natural gas refrigeration capacity |
| CN102583848A (en) * | 2012-02-24 | 2012-07-18 | 国家海洋局天津海水淡化与综合利用研究所 | Seawater freezing and desalting system based on liquefied natural gas cold energy and desalting method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116332269A (en) * | 2023-04-25 | 2023-06-27 | 瑞蓝科环保工程技术有限公司 | Intelligent device for desalting sea water by utilizing LNG cold energy |
| CN116332269B (en) * | 2023-04-25 | 2023-10-20 | 瑞蓝科环保工程技术有限公司 | Intelligent device for desalting sea water by utilizing LNG cold energy |
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Application publication date: 20201208 |