CN112046035A - Method for preparing polyurethane composite material by vacuum infusion process - Google Patents
Method for preparing polyurethane composite material by vacuum infusion process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112046035A CN112046035A CN201910488904.6A CN201910488904A CN112046035A CN 112046035 A CN112046035 A CN 112046035A CN 201910488904 A CN201910488904 A CN 201910488904A CN 112046035 A CN112046035 A CN 112046035A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- polyurethane
- layer
- film
- mould
- injection
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000009755 vacuum infusion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 10
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
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- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
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- GNSFRPWPOGYVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxypropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCCO GNSFRPWPOGYVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- NDWUBGAGUCISDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxybutyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCCCOC(=O)C=C NDWUBGAGUCISDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
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- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 2
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- HCXVPNKIBYLBIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy 3,5,5-trimethylhexaneperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CC(C)CC(=O)OOOC(C)(C)C HCXVPNKIBYLBIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDGNCLDCOVTOCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy propan-2-yl carbonate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)OOC(C)(C)C KDGNCLDCOVTOCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZBBLRPRYYSJUCZ-GRHBHMESSA-L (z)-but-2-enedioate;dibutyltin(2+) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)\C=C/C([O-])=O.CCCC[Sn+2]CCCC ZBBLRPRYYSJUCZ-GRHBHMESSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- AZYRZNIYJDKRHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-bis(2-isocyanatopropan-2-yl)benzene Chemical compound O=C=NC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC(C(C)(C)N=C=O)=C1 AZYRZNIYJDKRHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- SBJCUZQNHOLYMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-Naphthalene diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N=C=O)=CC=CC2=C1N=C=O SBJCUZQNHOLYMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WOVNROWPOFTJPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-diisocyanato-2,3-dimethylbutane Chemical compound O=C=NC(C)(C)C(C)(C)N=C=O WOVNROWPOFTJPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- CQQXCSFSYHAZOO-UHFFFAOYSA-L [acetyloxy(dioctyl)stannyl] acetate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[Sn](OC(C)=O)(OC(C)=O)CCCCCCCC CQQXCSFSYHAZOO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C70/46—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs
- B29C70/48—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs and impregnating the reinforcements in the closed mould, e.g. resin transfer moulding [RTM], e.g. by vacuum
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/54—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/08—Blades for rotors, stators, fans, turbines or the like, e.g. screw propellers
- B29L2031/082—Blades, e.g. for helicopters
- B29L2031/085—Wind turbine blades
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing a polyurethane composite material by using a vacuum infusion process, the polyurethane composite material prepared by the method and application thereof. The method for preparing the polyurethane composite material by using the vacuum infusion process can save raw materials and production cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for preparing a polyurethane composite material by using a vacuum infusion process, the composite material prepared by the method and application thereof.
Background
With the development and progress of human society, the demand for energy is increasing, the traditional thermal power generation is not beneficial to environmental protection, and the wind power generation is rapidly developed as the most economical new energy. In order to further improve the competitiveness of wind power generation, the power of the wind power generator is increased, and the length of the turbine blade of the wind power generator, which is used as wind energy catching equipment, is required to be increased, but along with the increase of the weight, the cost is also increased. Reducing the weight and cost of wind turbine blades is an urgent need in the industry.
Currently, Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Molding (VARTM) processes are commonly used in the industry to manufacture large composite parts. The Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Moulding (VARTM) technique is an advanced composite manufacturing technique and has good applicability to large composite parts. The method has the advantages of high production efficiency, high quality stability, high mechanical strength, small resin consumption, environmental friendliness and the like. Currently, epoxy resin is used in large-scale composite material parts. Due to the high viscosity of the epoxy resin, larger channels are required to ensure the dispersion speed of the resin. The resin remained in the flow guide pipe and the flow guide net is removed after being cured, and becomes waste, which causes cost waste and environmental pollution. The resin retained in the sandwich material diversion trench can increase the weight of the product and also increase the usage amount of the resin. Particularly, epoxy resin is used in batches for wind turbine blades at present, and due to high viscosity, a large channel is needed to ensure the resin dispersion speed. The waste amount of the raw materials of the resin is large, so that the waste of the cost and the environmental pollution are serious. How to reduce the waste of resin raw materials, save cost and protect environment is a difficult problem to be solved urgently in the industry.
CN201619252U discloses a vacuum infusion system of a non-uniform layer structure, which comprises a plurality of types of flow guide nets laid on the surface of a non-uniform layer in a mould, wherein each type of net corresponds to a section of uniform layer, so that the permeability of the combination of each flow guide net and the corresponding layer to glue solution is equal; a flow guide pipe is arranged above the flow guide net and is communicated with the rubber inlet pipe through a rubber inlet disc; an overflow pipe is arranged at a position far away from and lower than the flow guide pipe, the overflow pipe is communicated with an exhaust pipe through an exhaust disc, and a vacuum pump and a pressure gauge are connected to the exhaust pipe; at least one layer of vacuum bag is covered and buckled above the flow guide net, the flow guide pipe and the overflow pipe, the edge of the vacuum bag is sealed with the mould, and the rubber inlet disc and the air exhaust disc penetrate through the vacuum bag and are communicated with the rubber inlet pipe and the air exhaust pipe.
CN107187080A discloses a vacuum infusion molding process method for a thick composite material part, which comprises the following steps: (1) laying a reinforced glass fiber fabric layer on the mold; (2) laying a porous isolating membrane and a piece of membrane removing cloth on the surface of the reinforced glass fiber fabric layer; (3) placing a flow guide net on the surface of the isolating membrane; (4) placing a separation material and a flow guide pipe on the flow guide net, wherein the surface of the flow guide pipe is covered with the flow guide material; (5) placing an exhaust pipe in the system, connecting the exhaust pipe with a vacuum pump, and sealing a vacuum bag film by adopting a sealant; (6) using a vacuum pump to pump air to enable the system to present negative pressure; (7) vacuum pouring, curing and forming, and demolding. According to the pouring forming process method, the flow guide pipe is not directly contacted with the blade root glass fiber structure layer by adopting the separation material, so that the pouring efficiency and quality of a finished product can be effectively ensured, and the problem of whitening of a formed flow channel is solved.
CN101767463A relates to a vacuum material module for wind power generation blade rapid demoulding and application thereof. The vacuum material module for rapid demoulding comprises a demoulding material layer, a porous isolation film layer, a flow guide net layer and an omega-shaped pipe, wherein the demoulding material layer is attached to the porous isolation film layer, the other surface of the porous isolation film layer is attached to the flow guide net layer, the other surface of the flow guide net layer is combined with the omega-shaped pipe, and the demoulding material layer, the porous isolation film layer, the flow guide net layer and the omega-shaped pipe are combined into a whole. The application of the vacuum material module for rapid demoulding in the production of the wind power generation blade comprises the steps of mould pre-cleaning, product structure layer laying, vacuum material module laying, sealing and vacuumizing, vacuum infusion and pre-curing, mould closing and curing and mould drawing.
CN101754849B discloses the use of pellets for impregnation processes and composite structures comprising such pellets. The core block has a first surface and a second surface, and a plurality of first grooves are formed in the first surface of the core. Further, a plurality of second grooves are formed in the second surface of the core. The first groove has a first height (hi) and a bottom, and the first and second grooves are part of a resin distribution network formed in the core. The distance (t) between the bottom of the first groove and the second surface of the core is of such a size that the core is flexible along the first groove. Furthermore, the sum of the first height and the second height is greater than the thickness of the core block, and at least one of the first grooves in the first surface of the core block crosses at least one of the second grooves in the second surface of the core block.
CN101456256A discloses a megawatt-level composite material wind power blade vacuum introduction molding process. The method comprises the steps of respectively paving a reinforcing material layer in an upper die cavity and a lower die cavity of the blade die and curing and demoulding to form a product, and is characterized in that: between the above steps, there are also the following steps: 1) arranging a perfusion system on the upper surface of the reinforced material layer; 2) arranging a vacuum system on the outer surface of the perfusion system paved with the flow channel in the step 1); 3) vacuumizing the opening, and checking the air tightness; 4) filling a mold (glue solution pouring); 5) curing, demoulding and product forming.
Despite the above disclosures, there is an urgent need in the market for more efficient, energy-saving, and superior methods for producing polyurethane composites.
Disclosure of Invention
In one aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing a polyurethane composite material using a vacuum infusion process is provided. The method comprises the following steps:
a) placing at least one sandwich material with a groove spacing of more than 20mm, preferably more than or equal to 25mm, at least one flow-guiding medium with a gram weight of less than 200g/m2, preferably less than or equal to 160g/m2, more preferably 90-130g/m2 and at least one reinforcing material in a mould;
b) heating and dehumidifying the sandwich material, the flow guide medium and the reinforcing material under vacuum;
c) introducing the polyurethane composition into the mould through a nozzle having a diameter of < 25mm, preferably < 20mm, more preferably < 18 mm; and
d) and demolding after curing to obtain the polyurethane composite material.
In actual production, the pipe diameter of the flow guide pipe used for vacuum infusion of epoxy resin is usually 25mm or more. According to the sizes of different composite material parts, honeycomb ducts with different pipe diameters are required to be used. In general, the process of the invention can be carried out using flow conduits having a diameter of 20mm, 18mm or less. That is, the diameter of the draft tube can be reduced by 20%, preferably by about 28%. Greatly saves the waste resin raw materials.
Preferably, the step b) further comprises:
after the sandwich material, the diversion medium and the reinforcing material are placed in a mould, a first layer of film is used for covering the sandwich material, the diversion medium and the reinforcing material, the periphery of the first layer of film is sealed with the mould, and the space between the first layer of film and the mould is vacuumized;
laying a second layer of film to cover the first layer of film and fix the second layer of film, sealing the peripheries of the first layer of film and the second layer of film and reserving an air inlet channel and an air outlet channel;
heating the mould, and simultaneously filling hot air between the first layer of film and the second layer of film to provide the upper surface of the first layer of film with a temperature close to the mould temperature.
Preferably, the heating is one or two or more selected from electric blanket heating, electrothermal film heating, microwave heating, infrared heating and hot air blowing heating.
Preferably, the reinforcing material is preferably a layer of random glass fibres, woven glass fibres and glass fibre gauzes, chopped or milled glass or mineral fibres and fibre mats based on polymer fibres, mineral fibres, carbon fibres, glass or aramid fibres, fibre nonwovens and fibre knits and mixtures thereof, more preferably glass fibre mats or glass fibre nonwovens.
Preferably, the sandwich material is preferably balsa wood, PVC foam, SAN foam, polyurethane foam, PS foam, PMI foam and PET foam.
Preferably, the flow-guiding medium comprises a release cloth. Preferably, the release fabric is polyester release fabric.
Preferably, the polyurethane composition comprises the following components:
component A comprising one or more organic polyisocyanates;
component B, comprising:
b1) one or more organic polyols in an amount of 21-60 wt.%, preferably 21-40 wt.%, based on the total weight of the polyurethane composition in 100 wt.%;
b2) one or more compounds having the structure of formula (I)
Wherein R1 is selected from hydrogen, methyl or ethyl; r2 is selected from alkylene having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, 2-bis (4-phenylene) -propane, 1, 4-bis (methylene) benzene, 1, 3-bis (methylene) benzene, 1, 2-bis (methylene) benzene; n is an integer selected from 1 to 6; and
component C, a radical initiator.
Preferably, the organic polyol has a functionality of from 1.7 to 6, preferably from 1.9 to 4.5, and a hydroxyl number of from 150-.
Preferably, the content of b2) is 4.6 to 33 wt.%, based on the total weight of the polyurethane composition, in 100 wt.%.
Preferably, the b2) component is selected from: one, two or more of hydroxyethyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, hydroxybutyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate and hydroxybutyl acrylate.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
providing a reaction injection apparatus (40) comprising at least two reservoirs (48, 49) containing components of a polyurethane resin, a vacuum pumping device (50) and metering devices (44a, 44b), connecting each metering device (44a, 44b) to a reservoir (48, 49) through a feed line (41, 42) and a mixing unit (43), and mixing together the components from the feed unit (44a, 44 b);
wherein the mold: is sealed at the periphery and is connected to at least one first injection opening (31), which first injection opening (31) can be used for evacuating the mould (5) and for supplying the mixed components into the mould (5) and, optionally, comprises a drying channel (32) for supplying a drying gas (33), which is supplied into the mould during the vacuum infusion to dry the core material, the flow-guiding medium and the reinforcing material (21) placed inside the mould and to evacuate the mould (5) by means of an evacuation source (34), and is connected to a reaction injection device (40) via an injection line (45) at the first injection opening (31), which injection line (45) can be evacuated via a laterally closable outlet (46) which is connected to an evacuation source (47);
drying the mould (5) and the core material, flow-through medium and reinforcing material (21) contained therein, the injection line (45) and optionally the feeding unit (44a, 44 b)/mixing unit (43), optionally a drying gas (33) can be introduced through the drying channel (32);
starting the vacuum infusion process from a feeding unit (44a, 44b) by introducing the degassed components in the injection lines (41, 42) from storage tanks (48, 49) into the reaction injection device (40) and obtaining a polyurethane resin from the components in the mixing unit (43), closing the outlet (46) of the evacuation source (47) before the polyurethane resin arrives;
polyurethane resin is injected into the mold (5) through an injection line (31), while the mold (5) is evacuated through a drying channel (32) by an evacuation source (34), and the injection pressure is maintained below the external atmospheric pressure at the injection port of the injection line (31) measured injection pressure.
Compared with epoxy resin, the viscosity of the polyurethane resin adopted by the invention is greatly reduced, and the polyurethane resin has good weather resistance and fatigue resistance, so that the composite material part has longer service life. In addition, the polyurethane composition has short curing period, can improve the utilization rate of equipment, has less resin residue in the production process, and can reduce the production cost. It is known to those skilled in the art that the resin remained in the flow guide pipe and the flow guide net is removed after curing, and becomes waste, resulting in waste of cost and environmental pollution. The resin retained in the channels of the sandwich material increases the weight of the product and also increases the cost.
Through repeated tests, the method disclosed by the invention can be used for greatly reducing the resin retained in the sandwich material diversion trench, the diversion net and the diversion pipe, so that the amount of the waste resin is greatly reduced, the total consumption of the resin is reduced to a great extent, the resources and the cost are further saved, and the method is more favorable for environmental protection. Moreover, the prepared polyurethane composite material is lighter in weight and is more beneficial to installation, maintenance and use. In addition, through experiments, the method provided by the invention has the advantages that the perfusion time is shortened, and the production efficiency is improved.
In still another aspect of the present invention, a polyurethane composite is provided, which is prepared by the method for preparing a polyurethane composite by using a vacuum infusion process according to the present invention.
In a further aspect of the invention, there is provided a use of the polyurethane composite of the invention in a wind turbine blade.
In yet another aspect of the invention, a polyurethane product is provided. Which comprises a polyurethane composite material prepared by a method for preparing the polyurethane composite material by a vacuum infusion process.
Preferably, the polyurethane product is selected from the group consisting of a turbofan blade, a radome, a single or sandwich continuous sheet, preferably a spar cap, a web, a blade root and/or a blade shell of a turbofan blade.
Drawings
The invention is illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 shows a mold and layers provided thereon according to a method of producing a polyurethane composite material of example 1 of the present invention, wherein 1 represents a core material, a fiber-reinforced material; 2 denotes a draft tube; 3 denotes a release fabric and a flow guide net; 4 denotes an air extraction line; and 5 denotes a mold.
FIG. 2 shows a reaction injection apparatus and a mold according to the present invention, wherein 5 shows a mold; 21 denotes a sandwich material, a reinforcing material and/or a flow-through medium; 31 denotes a first injection port; 32 denotes a drying passage; 33 denotes dry air; 40 denotes a reaction injection device; 41. 42 denotes a feed line; 43 denotes a mixing unit; 44a, 44b denote a feed unit; 45 denotes an injection line; 46 denotes a closable outlet; 47 denotes a vacuum source; 48. 49 denotes a storage tank; 34. and 50, a vacuum pumping device.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
Various aspects of the invention will now be described in detail.
In a first aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing a polyurethane composite material using a vacuum infusion process is provided. The method comprises the following steps:
a) placing at least one sandwich material with a groove spacing of more than 20mm, preferably more than or equal to 25mm, at least one flow-guiding medium with a gram weight of less than 200g/m2, preferably less than or equal to 160g/m2, more preferably 90-130g/m2 and at least one reinforcing material in a mould;
b) heating and dehumidifying the sandwich material, the flow guide medium and the reinforcing material under vacuum;
c) introducing the polyurethane composition into the mould through a nozzle having a diameter of < 25mm, preferably < 20mm, more preferably < 18 mm; and
d) and demolding after curing to obtain the polyurethane composite material.
Preferably, the step b) further comprises:
after the sandwich material, the diversion medium and the reinforcing material are placed in a mould, a first layer of film is used for covering the sandwich material, the diversion medium and the reinforcing material, the periphery of the first layer of film is sealed with the mould, and the space between the first layer of film and the mould is vacuumized;
laying a second layer of film to cover the first layer of film and fix the second layer of film, sealing the peripheries of the first layer of film and the second layer of film and reserving an air inlet channel and an air outlet channel;
heating the mould, and simultaneously filling hot air between the first layer of film and the second layer of film to provide the upper surface of the first layer of film with a temperature close to the mould temperature.
Preferably, the heating is one or two or more selected from electric blanket heating, electrothermal film heating, microwave heating, infrared heating and hot air blowing heating.
In embodiments of the invention, the reinforcement material is preferably a layer of random glass fibres, woven glass fibres and glass fibre gauzes, chopped or milled glass or mineral fibres and fibre mats, fibre nonwovens and fibre knits based on polymer fibres, mineral fibres, carbon fibres, glass fibres or aramid fibres and mixtures thereof, more preferably glass fibre mats or glass fibre nonwovens.
Preferably, the sandwich material is preferably balsa wood, PVC foam, SAN foam, polyurethane foam, PS foam, PMI foam and PET foam.
Preferably, the flow-guiding medium comprises a release cloth.
Preferably, the release fabric is polyester release fabric.
Preferably, the polyurethane composition comprises the following components:
component A comprising one or more organic polyisocyanates;
component B, comprising:
b1) one or more organic polyols in an amount of 21-60 wt.%, preferably 21-40 wt.%, based on the total weight of the polyurethane composition in 100 wt.%;
b2) one or more compounds having the structure of formula (I)
Wherein R1 is selected from hydrogen, methyl or ethyl; r2 is selected from alkylene having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, 2-bis (4-phenylene) -propane, 1, 4-bis (methylene) benzene, 1, 3-bis (methylene) benzene, 1, 2-bis (methylene) benzene; n is an integer selected from 1 to 6; and
component C, a radical initiator.
Preferably, the organic polyol has a functionality of from 1.7 to 6, preferably from 1.9 to 4.5, and a hydroxyl number of from 150-.
Preferably, the content of b2) is 4.6 to 33 wt.%, based on the total weight of the polyurethane composition, in 100 wt.%.
Preferably, the b2) component is selected from: one, two or more of hydroxyethyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, hydroxybutyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate and hydroxybutyl acrylate.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
providing a reaction injection apparatus (40) comprising at least two reservoirs (48, 49) containing components of a polyurethane resin, a vacuum pumping device (50) and metering devices (44a, 44b), connecting each metering device (44a, 44b) to a reservoir (48, 49) through a feed line (41, 42) and a mixing unit (43), and mixing together the components from the feed unit (44a, 44 b);
wherein the mold: is sealed at the periphery and is connected to at least one first injection opening (31), which first injection opening (31) can be used for evacuating the mould (5) and for supplying the mixed components into the mould (5) and, optionally, comprises a drying channel (32) for supplying a drying gas (33), which is supplied into the mould during the vacuum infusion to dry the core material, the flow-guiding medium and the reinforcing material (21) placed inside the mould and to evacuate the mould (5) by means of an evacuation source (34), and is connected to a reaction injection device (40) via an injection line (45) at the first injection opening (31), which injection line (45) can be evacuated via a laterally closable outlet (46) which is connected to an evacuation source (47);
drying the mould (5) and the core material, flow-through medium and reinforcing material (21) contained therein, the injection line (45) and optionally the feeding unit (44a, 44 b)/mixing unit (43), optionally a drying gas (33) can be introduced through the drying channel (32);
starting the vacuum infusion process from a feeding unit (44a, 44b) by introducing the degassed components in the injection lines (41, 42) from storage tanks (48, 49) into the reaction injection device (40) and obtaining a polyurethane resin from the components in the mixing unit (43), closing the outlet (46) of the evacuation source (47) before the polyurethane resin arrives;
polyurethane resin is injected into the mold (5) through an injection line (31), while the mold (5) is evacuated through a drying channel (32) by an evacuation source (34), and the injection pressure is maintained below the external atmospheric pressure at the injection port of the injection line (31) measured injection pressure.
The polyester release fabric usable in the present invention means a release fabric made of polyester fibers. Polyester fiber (polyester fiber), abbreviated as PET fiber, commonly known as "terylene", refers to a general name of fiber prepared by using polyester produced by polycondensation of various dihydric alcohols and aromatic dicarboxylic acid or ester thereof as raw materials.
Preferably, the polyester release fabric is selected from plain, twill, satin fabrics made from continuous fibers by a weaving process or fabrics made by a knitting process or fabrics made directly by a stitch-bonding process.
The diversion medium used in the present invention refers to a substance with a porous structure, which can be a material obtained by weaving, knitting, extruding or crocheting, a foam or a substance with a sieve or a net structure; specifically, including but not limited to woven drainage meshes, pressed drainage meshes, continuous fiber mats; there are also mixed type flow guide nets, for example, a mixture of two or more of woven type flow guide nets, press type flow guide nets, continuous felts, chopped strand mats and other fiber fabrics. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that materials that can be used as the flow-guiding medium include, but are not limited to, Polystyrene (PS), Polyurethane (PUR), polyphenylene oxide (PPO), polypropylene, ABS, fiberglass fabric, and the like. The flow guide medium is mainly used for assisting in vacuumizing in the drying process and guiding flow in the process of introducing the polyurethane liquid material.
Molds that may be used in the present invention include, but are not limited to, fan blade and/or component molds thereof, aircraft and/or component molds thereof, ship hull and/or component molds thereof, vehicle body and/or component molds thereof, and the like. In an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the mold is a mold that can be used for manufacturing the fan blade and/or the component thereof in a polyurethane vacuum infusion method. The mold may include a heating function.
Optionally, the heating mode of the demoulding cloth, the fiber reinforced material, the porous part and/or the sandwich material is selected from one or two or more of mould heating, electric blanket heating, electric heating film heating, microwave heating, infrared heating and hot air blowing heating. The electric blanket and the electric heating film are heated by being padded under the die or covered outside the film and being electrified for heating. Other heating means conventional in the art may be used in the present invention.
Experimental results show that the method provided by the invention provides a dehumidification method which is higher in efficiency and more energy-saving, so that the production efficiency of the polyurethane composite material can be greatly improved, the cost can be saved, and the environmental protection is facilitated.
The polyisocyanate of the present invention may be an organic polyisocyanate which may be any aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic isocyanate known for use in the preparation of polyurethane composites. Examples include, but are not limited to: toluene Diisocyanate (TDI), diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), polyphenylmethane polyisocyanate (pMDI), 1, 5-Naphthalene Diisocyanate (NDI), Hexamethylene Diisocyanate (HDI), methylcyclohexyl diisocyanate (TDI), 4' -dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), p-phenylene diisocyanate (PPDI), p-phenylene diisocyanate (XDI), tetramethyldimethylene diisocyanate (TMXDI), and polymers thereof or combinations thereof. The isocyanates which can be used according to the invention preferably have a functionality of from 2.0 to 3.5, particularly preferably from 2.1 to 2.9. The isocyanate viscosity is preferably from 5 to 700 mPas, particularly preferably from 10 to 300 mPas, determined at 25 ℃ in accordance with DIN 53019-1-3.
When used in the present invention, the organic polyisocyanate includes an isocyanate dimer, trimer, tetramer, pentamer or a combination thereof.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the isocyanate component a) is selected from the group consisting of diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), polyphenylmethane polyisocyanate (pMDI), and polymers, prepolymers or combinations thereof.
Blocked isocyanates may also be used as isocyanate component a) which may be prepared by reacting an excess of an organic polyisocyanate or mixtures thereof with a polyol compound. These compounds and their preparation are well known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
The polyurethane reaction system of the present invention comprises one or more organic polyols. The organic polyol is present in an amount of 21 to 60 wt%, based on the total weight of the polyurethane reaction system, based on 100 wt%. The organic polyol may be an organic polyol commonly used in the art for making polyurethanes, including but not limited to: polyether polyols, polyether carbonate polyols, polyester polyols, polycarbonate diols, polymer polyols, vegetable oil based polyols, or combinations thereof.
The polyether polyols may be prepared by known processes, for example by reacting an olefin oxide with an initiator in the presence of a catalyst. The catalyst is preferably, but not limited to, alkali hydroxide, alkali alkoxide, antimony pentachloride, boron fluoride etherate, or a mixture thereof. The alkylene oxide is preferably, but not limited to, tetrahydrofuran, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, 1, 2-butylene oxide, 2, 3-butylene oxide, styrene oxide, or a mixture thereof, and ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide is particularly preferred. The initiator is preferably, but not limited to, a polyol, preferably, but not limited to, water, ethylene glycol, 1, 2-propanediol, 1, 3-propanediol, diethylene glycol, trimethylolpropane, glycerol, bisphenol a, bisphenol S, or mixtures thereof, or a polyamine, preferably, but not limited to, ethylenediamine, propylenediamine, butylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, tolylenediamine, or mixtures thereof.
Methods for measuring hydroxyl number are well known to the person skilled in the art, for example in Houben Weyl, Methoden der Organischen Chemie, vol.XIV/2Makromolekulare Stoffe, p.17, Georg Thieme Verlag; stuttgart 1963. The entire contents of this document are incorporated herein by reference.
When used in the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the functionality, hydroxyl number of the organic polyol all refer to the average functionality and average hydroxyl number.
Optionally, the polyurethane reaction system of the invention also comprises one or more compounds b2 having the structure of formula (I)
Wherein R is1Selected from hydrogen, methyl or ethyl; r2Selected from alkylene groups having 2 to 6 carbon atoms; n is an integer selected from 1 to 6.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, R2Selected from the group consisting of ethylene, propylene, butylene, pentylene, 1-methyl-1, 2-ethylene, 2-methyl-1, 2-ethylene, 1-ethyl-1, 2-ethylene, 2-ethyl-1, 2-ethylene, 1-methyl-1, 3-propylene, 2-methyl-1, 3-propylene, 3-methyl-1, 3-propylene, 1-ethyl-1, 3-propylene, 2-ethyl-1, 3-propylene, 3-ethyl-1, 3-propylene, 1-methyl-1, 4-butylene, 2-methyl-1, 4-butylene, 3-methyl-1, 4-butylene and 4-methyl-1, 4-butylene, 2-bis (4-phenylene) -propane, 1, 4-dimethylene-benzene, 1, 3-dimethylene-benzene, 1, 2-dimethylene-benzene.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, said b2) component is selected from: hydroxyethyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, hydroxybutyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate, hydroxybutyl acrylate, or combinations thereof.
The compounds of formula (1) can be prepared by methods customary in the art, for example by (meth) acrylic anhydride or (meth) acrylic acid, (meth) acryloyl halide compounds with HO- (R)2O)n-H is prepared by esterification reactions, the preparation process being well known to the person skilled in the art, for example as described in handbook of polyurethane raw materials and auxiliaries (bang of liu yi jun, published 4/1/2005) third chapter, and chapter ii of polyurethane elastomers (bang of liu yi jun, published 8/2012), the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
The polyurethane reaction system of the present invention further comprises C) a free radical initiator. The free radical initiator used in the present invention may be added to either the polyol component or the isocyanate component or both components. Useful free radical initiators include, but are not limited to, peroxides, persulfides, peroxycarbonates, peroxyboric acids, azo compounds, or other suitable free radical initiators that can initiate curing of double bond containing compounds, examples of which include t-butyl peroxyisopropylcarbonate, t-butyl peroxy-3, 5, 5-trimethylhexanoate, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, cumene hydroperoxide. The content of free-radical initiators is generally from 0.1 to 8% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyurethane reaction system of the invention, based on 100% by weight. In addition, an accelerator, such as a cobalt compound or an amine compound, may be present.
Optionally, the polyurethane reaction system may further comprise a catalyst for catalyzing the reaction of isocyanate groups (NCO) with hydroxyl groups (OH). Suitable catalysts for the polyurethane reaction are preferably, but not limited to, amine catalysts, organometallic catalysts, or mixtures thereof. The amine catalyst is preferably, but not limited to, triethylamine, tributylamine, triethylenediamine, N-ethylmorpholine, N, N, N ', N' -tetramethyl-ethylenediamine, pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, N, N-methylaniline, N, N-dimethylaniline, or a mixture thereof. The organometallic catalyst is preferably, but not limited to, organotin compounds, such as: tin (II) acetate, tin (II) octoate, tin ethylhexanoate, tin laurate, dibutyltin oxide, dibutyltin dichloride, dibutyltin diacetate, dibutyltin maleate, dioctyltin diacetate, or mixtures thereof. The catalysts are used in amounts of 0.001 to 10% by weight, based on 100% by weight of the total weight of the polyurethane reaction system of the invention.
In the addition polymerization reaction of isocyanate groups and hydroxyl groups in the embodiment of the present invention, the isocyanate groups may be contained in the isocyanate groups in the organic polyisocyanate (component a), may also be contained in the reaction intermediate product of the organic polyisocyanate (component a) and the organic polyol (b1) component) or b2) component, and the hydroxyl groups may be contained in the reaction intermediate product of the organic polyol (b1) component) or b2) component, or may be contained in the reaction intermediate product of the organic polyisocyanate (component a) and the organic polyol (b1) component) or b2) component.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the radical polymerization is an addition polymerization of the olefinic bond, wherein the olefinic bond may be the olefinic bond contained in the b2) component or the olefinic bond contained in the intermediate product of the reaction of the b2) component with the organic polyisocyanate.
In the present examples, the polyurethane addition polymerization (i.e., the addition polymerization of isocyanate groups with hydroxyl groups) occurs simultaneously with the free radical polymerization. As known to those skilled in the art, suitable reaction conditions can be selected so that the polyurethane addition polymerization reaction and the free radical polymerization reaction are carried out in sequence, but the polyurethane matrix prepared in the way is different from the polyurethane resin matrix prepared by simultaneously carrying out the polyurethane addition polymerization reaction and the free radical polymerization reaction, so that the mechanical properties and the manufacturability of the prepared polyurethane composite material are different.
Optionally, the polyurethane reaction system may further comprise auxiliaries or additives, including but not limited to: fillers, internal mold release agents, flame retardants, smoke suppressants, dyes, pigments, antistatic agents, antioxidants, UV stabilizers, diluents, defoamers, coupling agents, surface wetting agents, leveling agents, water scavengers, catalysts, molecular sieves, thixotropic agents, plasticizers, blowing agents, foam stabilizers, foam homogenizers, free radical reaction inhibitors or combinations thereof, which components may optionally be comprised in the isocyanate component a) and/or the polyurethane reaction system B) of the present invention. These components can also be stored separately as component D) and, when used for the preparation of polyurethane composites, are mixed with the isocyanate component A) and/or the polyurethane reaction system B) according to the invention before the preparation. The selection of the above auxiliaries or additives and the above-mentioned unexpended content refer to CN104974502A, the content of which is incorporated in its entirety in the present specification by reference.
In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a polyurethane composite material, which is obtained by the method for preparing a polyurethane composite material by using a vacuum infusion process according to the present invention.
In a third aspect of the invention, there is provided a use of the polyurethane composite of the invention in a wind turbine blade.
In a fourth aspect of the invention, a polyurethane product is provided. Which comprises a polyurethane composite material prepared by a method for preparing the polyurethane composite material by a vacuum infusion process.
Preferably, the polyurethane product is selected from the group consisting of a turbofan blade, a radome, a single or sandwich continuous sheet, preferably a spar cap, a web, a blade root and/or a blade shell of a turbofan blade.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. To the extent that the definitions of terms used herein conflict with meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains, the definitions set forth herein control.
Unless otherwise indicated, all numbers expressing quantities of ingredients, reaction conditions, and so forth used herein are to be understood as being modified by the term "about.
As used herein, "and/or" means one or all of the referenced elements.
The use of "including" and "comprising" herein covers the presence of the stated elements only and the presence of other elements not stated in addition to the stated elements.
All percentages herein are by weight unless otherwise indicated.
The present invention will now be described by way of examples for purposes of illustration and not limitation.
Examples
The performance parameter test in the examples of the present application shows:
functionality, means according to the industry formula: a functionality of hydroxyl value (Mw/56100); wherein the molecular weight is determined by GPC high performance liquid chromatography;
isocyanate index, which means a value calculated by the following formula:
the NCO content, which is the NCO group content in the system, was determined by GB/T12009.4-2016.
Description of raw materials:
TABLE 1 raw material specifications and sources
Description of the test methods:
and (3) temperature testing: monitoring the surface temperature by using an infrared temperature measuring gun;
gram weight: i.e., the weight per unit area, specifically the weight of the fiber cloth, the flow guide net or the release cloth divided by the area.
Examples
Example 1 and comparative example 1:
2 layers of biaxial glass fiber cloth with a length and width of 800X 700mm are laid on a mold, and a PVC foam core material 2 (PVC foam core material 1 in comparative example) with a length and width of 600X 500mm is placed on the glass fiber cloth with the open groove side facing upward. The sandwich material is placed on the glass fiber cloth, and the slotted surface is upward.
2 layers of biaxial glass fiber cloth with the length and the width of 800 x 700mm are laid on the sandwich material. And (3) paving the demolding cloth with the same size and covering the whole glass fiber cloth.
Cutting a flow guide net 2 (the flow guide net 1 in the comparative example 1) with the length and the width of 700 & ltSUP & gt 450mm on the demoulding cloth, wherein the distance between three edges is 3-5 cm from the edge of the foam sandwich material, and the glue injection edge of the flow guide net is flush with the edge of the glass fiber cloth.
A guide pipe 2 (the guide pipe 1 in the comparative example 1) with the length of 300mm is cut and placed on the guide net on the glue injection edge. And 2 circles of sealing rubber strips are adhered along the periphery of each layer laid in the mould, and two layers of vacuum bags are used for sealing.
After heating to remove moisture under vacuum, the resin was poured (example 1 pour polyurethane resin/polyurethane composition, comparative example 1 pour epoxy resin) and the pour time and resin usage were recorded.
And (3) demolding after heating and curing, and recording the data of the resin dosage in the pipeline, the weight of the flow guide net (containing the resin), the weight of the final composite material and the like respectively, as shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 comparison of the absorption of example 1 and comparative example 1
From the detection results of the above examples and comparative examples, it can be seen that the method for preparing the polyurethane composite material by selecting the appropriate sandwich material, flow guide net and flow guide pipe has good pouring effect, can obtain the polyurethane composite material with excellent quality, and can reduce the amount of waste resin to a great extent, thereby saving raw materials, energy and cost, and also reducing the weight of the composite material. In addition, in example 1, compared to comparative example 1, the filling time was shortened, and the production efficiency was improved.
In actual production, a duct thicker than a laboratory is required for preparing a large part. In the prior art, the diameter of a flow guide tube using epoxy resin is usually 25mm or more, but in the method of the present invention, a flow guide tube having a diameter of 20mm or less and 18mm or less can be used. That is, the diameter of the draft tube can be reduced by 20%, preferably by about 28%.
Although the invention has been described in detail in the foregoing for the purpose of illustration, it is to be understood that such detail is solely for that purpose and that variations can be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention except as it may be limited by the claims.
Claims (16)
1. A method of preparing a polyurethane composite using a vacuum infusion process, comprising:
a) placing at least one sandwich material with a groove spacing of more than 20mm, preferably more than or equal to 25mm, at least one flow-guiding medium with a gram weight of less than 200g/m2, preferably less than or equal to 160g/m2, more preferably 90-130g/m2 and at least one reinforcing material in a mould;
b) heating and dehumidifying the sandwich material, the flow guide medium and the reinforcing material under vacuum;
c) introducing the polyurethane composition into the mould through a nozzle having a diameter of < 25mm, preferably < 20mm, more preferably < 18 mm; and
d) and demolding after curing to obtain the polyurethane composite material.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said step b) further comprises:
covering the sandwich material, the diversion medium and the reinforcing material with a first layer of film, sealing the periphery of the first layer of film with the mold, and vacuumizing the space between the first layer of film and the mold;
laying a second layer of film to cover the first layer of film and fix the second layer of film, sealing the peripheries of the first layer of film and the second layer of film and reserving an air inlet channel and an air outlet channel;
heating the mould, and simultaneously filling hot air between the first layer of film and the second layer of film to provide the upper surface of the first layer of film with a temperature close to the mould temperature.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the heating is one, two or more selected from electric blanket heating, electrothermal film heating, microwave heating, infrared heating and hot air blowing heating.
4. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the reinforcement material is preferably a layer of devillicate glass fibres, glass fibre fabrics and glass fibre gauzes, chopped or milled glass or mineral fibres and fibre mats based on polymer fibres, mineral fibres, carbon fibres, glass fibres or aramid fibres, fibre nonwovens and fibre knits and mixtures thereof, more preferably glass fibre mats or glass fibre nonwovens.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the sandwich material is preferably balsa wood, PVC foam, SAN foam, polyurethane foam, PS foam, PMI foam and PET foam.
6. A method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the flow-directing medium comprises a release cloth.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the release fabric is a polyester release fabric.
8. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the polyurethane composition comprises the following components:
component A comprising one or more organic polyisocyanates;
component B, comprising:
b1) one or more organic polyols in an amount of 21-60 wt.%, preferably 21-40 wt.%, based on the total weight of the polyurethane composition in 100 wt.%;
b2) one or more compounds having the structure of formula (I)
Wherein R1 is selected from hydrogen, methyl or ethyl; r2 is selected from alkylene having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, 2-bis (4-phenylene) -propane, 1, 4-bis (methylene) benzene, 1, 3-bis (methylene) benzene, 1, 2-bis (methylene) benzene; n is an integer selected from 1 to 6; and
component C, a radical initiator.
9. Process according to claim 8, characterized in that the organic polyol has a functionality of 1.7 to 6, preferably 1.9 to 4.5, and a hydroxyl value of 150-1100mgKOH/g, preferably 150-550 mgKOH/g.
10. The process as claimed in claim 8 or 9, wherein b2) is present in an amount of from 4.6 to 33% by weight, based on 100% by weight of the total weight of the polyurethane composition.
11. The method as claimed in claim 9 or 10, wherein said b2) component is selected from: one, two or more of hydroxyethyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, hydroxybutyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate and hydroxybutyl acrylate.
12. The method of claim 1 or 2, further comprising:
providing a reaction injection device (40) comprising at least two reservoirs (48, 49) containing the components of the polyurethane composition, a vacuum pumping device (50) and metering devices (44a, 44b), each metering device (44a, 44b) being connected to a reservoir (48, 49) via a feed line (41, 42) and a mixing unit (43) and mixing the components from the feed units (44a, 44b) together;
wherein the mold: is sealed at the periphery and is connected to at least one first injection opening (31), which first injection opening (31) can be used for evacuating the mould (5) and for supplying the mixed components into the mould (5) and optionally comprises a drying channel (32) for supplying a drying gas (33), which during vacuum infusion is supplied into the mould for drying the core material, flow-guiding medium and reinforcing material (21) placed inside the mould and for evacuating the mould (5) by means of an evacuation source (34), and is connected to the reaction injection device (40) via an injection line (45) at the first injection opening (31), which injection line (45) can be evacuated via a laterally closable outlet (46) which is connected to an evacuation source (47);
drying the mould (5) and the core material, flow-through medium and reinforcing material (21) contained therein, the injection line (45) and optionally the feeding unit (44a, 44 b)/mixing unit (43), optionally a drying gas (33) can be introduced through the drying channel (32);
starting the vacuum infusion process from a feeding unit (44a, 44b) by introducing the degassed components in the injection lines (41, 42) from storage tanks (48, 49) into the reaction injection device (40) and obtaining a polyurethane composition from the components in the mixing unit (43), closing the outlet (46) of the evacuation source (47) before the polyurethane composition arrives;
the polyurethane composition is injected into the mold (5) through an injection line (31), while the mold (5) is evacuated through a drying channel (32) by an evacuation source (34), and the injection pressure, measured at the injection port of the injection line (31), is maintained below the external atmospheric pressure.
13. A polyurethane composite obtained by the method for preparing a polyurethane composite by a vacuum infusion process as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12.
14. Use of the polyurethane composite of claim 13 in a wind turbine blade.
15. A polyurethane product comprising a polyurethane composite made by the method of making a polyurethane composite by a vacuum infusion process as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12.
16. Polyurethane product according to claim 15, characterized in that the polyurethane product is preferably a turbofan blade, more preferably a spar cap, a web, a blade root and/or a blade shell of a turbofan blade.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910488904.6A CN112046035A (en) | 2019-06-05 | 2019-06-05 | Method for preparing polyurethane composite material by vacuum infusion process |
| US17/607,261 US20220194027A1 (en) | 2019-06-05 | 2020-06-02 | A method for preparing a polyurethane composite by a vacuum infusion process |
| PCT/EP2020/065138 WO2020245079A1 (en) | 2019-06-05 | 2020-06-02 | A method for preparing a polyurethane composite by a vacuum infusion process |
| EP20728510.7A EP3980254A1 (en) | 2019-06-05 | 2020-06-02 | A method for preparing a polyurethane composite by a vacuum infusion process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910488904.6A CN112046035A (en) | 2019-06-05 | 2019-06-05 | Method for preparing polyurethane composite material by vacuum infusion process |
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| CN112046035A true CN112046035A (en) | 2020-12-08 |
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| CN201910488904.6A Pending CN112046035A (en) | 2019-06-05 | 2019-06-05 | Method for preparing polyurethane composite material by vacuum infusion process |
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| CN115302820A (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2022-11-08 | 陈宗良 | Resin mixing device and method |
| WO2023284696A1 (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2023-01-19 | Envision Energy Co., Ltd | A method of manufacturing a composite structure, a composite structure thereof, a wind turbine with the composite structure and a manufacturing system thereof |
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