CN111331880A - Method for preparing polyurethane composite material by vacuum infusion process - Google Patents
Method for preparing polyurethane composite material by vacuum infusion process Download PDFInfo
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- CN111331880A CN111331880A CN201811577517.1A CN201811577517A CN111331880A CN 111331880 A CN111331880 A CN 111331880A CN 201811577517 A CN201811577517 A CN 201811577517A CN 111331880 A CN111331880 A CN 111331880A
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- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000009755 vacuum infusion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000007182 Ochroma pyramidale Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
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Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C70/44—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using isostatic pressure, e.g. pressure difference-moulding, vacuum bag-moulding, autoclave-moulding or expanding rubber-moulding
- B29C70/443—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using isostatic pressure, e.g. pressure difference-moulding, vacuum bag-moulding, autoclave-moulding or expanding rubber-moulding and impregnating by vacuum or injection
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/56—Coatings, e.g. enameled or galvanised; Releasing, lubricating or separating agents
- B29C33/68—Release sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2075/00—Use of PU, i.e. polyureas or polyurethanes or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/08—Blades for rotors, stators, fans, turbines or the like, e.g. screw propellers
- B29L2031/082—Blades, e.g. for helicopters
- B29L2031/085—Wind turbine blades
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing a polyurethane composite material by using a vacuum infusion process, the composite material prepared by the method and application thereof. The process of the present invention includes the preferred use of polyester release fabrics, reinforcements, and/or porous media, etc., of specific grammage. The polyurethane composite material prepared by the method not only has good physical properties, but also has a satisfactory outer surface, and the outer surface does not need to be additionally treated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for preparing a polyurethane composite material by using a vacuum infusion process, the composite material prepared by the method and application thereof.
Background
Polyurethane composites are widely used in various fields, such as: pultruded window frames, home appliances, fan blades and the like. In recent years, the superiority of polyurethane composite materials in the preparation of fan blades is receiving more and more attention. Wind energy is considered one of the cleanest, most environmentally friendly energy sources presently available, and wind turbines have been in demand in the marketplace. Compared with the traditional fan blade made of epoxy resin, the fan blade made of the polyurethane composite material has the advantages of lower cost and better mechanical property. However, polyurethane is sensitive to water, and the release cloth required in the preparation process of the polyurethane composite material usually contains certain moisture, so that how to reduce the moisture content of the release cloth and other raw materials is a difficult problem in the industry.
WO2007038930a1 discloses a RTM method for producing a fibre-reinforced product, the method comprising the steps of: a) placing at least one porous member (104) in a mould (103); b) placing one or more layers (102) of reinforcing fibers in a mold; c) introducing resin for distribution through the porous member to the fibrous layers; and d) allowing the resin to cure and the dispensing member to coalesce to form a continuous layer, and the fiber-reinforced composite produced.
CN102632622A discloses a fiber reinforced resin based composite furniture material and a preparation method thereof, which solves the technical problems of the existing material, uses thermosetting resin as a matrix, uses woven fiber as a reinforcing material, uses a sandwich material as an intermediate layer, and can be widely used for furniture manufacture.
CCN103260860A discloses a Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Moulding (VARTM) process comprising: providing a vacuum assisted resin transfer mold assembly comprising a mold having a first mold surface and a second mold surface, the mold being configured such that when the laminate assembly is placed on the first mold surface, the mold is configured such that when the laminate assembly is placed on the first mold surface, the laminate assembly is enclosed within a space between the first and second mold surfaces; laminate assemblies and corresponding components and materials are provided for making resin articles by a VARTM process.
Despite the above disclosures, there is an urgent need in the market for more efficient and superior processes for producing polyurethane composites.
Disclosure of Invention
In one aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing a polyurethane composite material using a vacuum infusion process is provided. Which comprises the following steps:
placing one or more layers of reinforcement material in a mold;
at least one gram weight is 50g/m2～150g/m2Preferably 80g/m2～100g/m2The polyester release fabric is placed in the mold;
introducing polyurethane resin, and curing the polyurethane resin to obtain the polyurethane composite material.
Preferably, the method of the present invention further comprises placing a core material in the mould prior to introducing the polyurethane resin.
Preferably, the polyester release fabric is selected from plain, twill, satin fabrics made from continuous fibers by a weaving process or fabrics made by a knitting process or fabrics made directly by a stitch-bonding process. The polyester release fabric can be placed between the reinforcing material and the mold; when a core material or porous member is present, it may also be placed between the reinforcement material and/or core material and the porous member (e.g., flow directing mesh).
Preferably, the sandwich material is selected from balsa wood, PVC foam, SAN foam, polyurethane foam, PS foam, PMI foam and PET foam.
Preferably, at least one porous structural member is placed on the uppermost layer or the lowermost layer of the layers placed inside the mold, such as the reinforcing material layer and the release fabric, before introducing the polyurethane resin. The porous member, which may also be referred to as a porous material, refers to a material having a network structure of interconnected pores.
Preferably, the method of the present invention further comprises the step of peeling the release fabric and the porous structure after the polyurethane resin is cured.
Preferably, the reinforcing material is preferably a layer of random glass fibres, glass fibre fabrics and glass fibre gauzes, cut or milled glass or mineral fibres and fibre mats based on polymer fibres, mineral fibres, carbon fibres, glass or aramid fibres, fibre nonwovens and fibre knits and mixtures thereof, more preferably glass fibre mats or glass fibre nonwovens.
Preferably, the reinforcing material is a fibrous reinforcing material with a water content of < 0.1 wt.%, preferably < 0.09 wt.%, particularly preferably 0.01 to 0.05 wt.%, based on 100 wt.% of the weight of the fibrous reinforcing material.
Preferably, the method further comprises the steps of:
providing a reaction injection apparatus (40) comprising at least two reservoirs (48, 49) containing components of a polyurethane resin, a vacuum pumping device (50) and metering devices (44a, 44b), connecting each metering device (44a, 44b) to a reservoir (48, 49) through a feed line (41, 42) and a mixing unit (43), and mixing together the components from the feed unit (44a, 44 b);
wherein the mold: is sealed at its periphery and is connected to at least one first injection port (31), which first injection port (31) can be used for evacuating said mould (5) and for supplying the mixed components into the mould (5), and comprises at least a drying channel (32) for supplying a drying gas which, during the evacuation, is supplied into the mould for drying said one or more layers of reinforcing material and release cloth (21) placed inside said mould and which passes through an evacuation source (34)
Evacuating the mould (5), and
is connected to the reaction injection device (40) via an injection line (45) at the first injection opening (31), and can be evacuated by the injection line (45) via a laterally closable outlet opening (46) which is connected to an evacuation source (47);
degassing and drying the mould (5) and the layers (21) contained therein, the injection line (45) and optionally the feeding unit (44a, 44 b)/mixing unit (43) with a vacuum source (47), drying gas being introduced through the drying channel (32);
starting the vacuum infusion process from a feeding unit (44a, 44b) by introducing the degassed components in the injection lines (41, 42) from storage tanks (48, 49) into the reaction injection device (40) and obtaining a polyurethane resin from the components in the mixing unit (43), closing the outlet (46) of the evacuation source (47) before the polyurethane resin arrives;
injecting a polyurethane resin into the mold (5) through an injection line (31) while evacuating the mold (5) through a drying channel (32) by an evacuation source (34), and an injection pressure measured at an injection port of the mold (5) being lower than an external pressure;
the polyurethane resin is cured in the mold (5).
Preferably, the method of the present invention further comprises the following steps:
before introducing the polyurethane resin, a film is covered on each layer arranged in the mold, the periphery of the film is sealed with the mold, and the film is tightly pumped by a vacuum pump. And then laying a second layer of film and fixing the second layer of film, sealing the peripheries of the first layer of film and the second layer of film and reserving an air inlet channel and an air outlet channel. Heating the mould, and simultaneously filling hot air between the first layer of film and the second layer of film to provide the upper surface of the first layer of film with a temperature close to the mould temperature.
Through experiments, the method provided by the invention unexpectedly provides more preferable raw materials such as polyester release cloth with lower water content, effectively reduces the temperature for drying the raw materials such as release cloth and fiber reinforced materials, shortens the drying time, effectively removes the surface defects of the prepared polyurethane composite material, and obtains the polyurethane composite material with excellent physical properties and satisfactory surface conditions. The method of the invention effectively improves the production efficiency and quality of the polyurethane composite material and saves the cost.
In still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a polyurethane composite material prepared by the method for preparing a polyurethane composite material by a vacuum infusion process according to the present invention.
In a further aspect of the invention, there is provided a use of the polyurethane composite of the invention in a turbine fan blade.
In yet another aspect of the present invention, a polyurethane product is provided, which includes the polyurethane composite material prepared by the method for preparing a polyurethane composite material by a vacuum infusion process according to the present invention.
Preferably, the polyurethane product is selected from the group consisting of a turbofan blade, a radome, a single layer or sandwich panel, preferably a spar cap, a web, a blade root and/or a blade shell of a turbofan blade.
Drawings
The invention is illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 shows a mold and layers provided thereon according to the method for producing a polyurethane composite material of the present invention, wherein 1 shows a reinforcing material layer; 2 denotes a glue injection pipeline; 3 represents a release fabric and a porous structure layer; 4 denotes an air extraction line; and 5 denotes a mold.
FIG. two shows the surface condition of a polyurethane composite obtained by introducing a polyurethane resin after vacuum dehumidification at 35 ℃ for 0.5 hour, in which the left figure is comparative example 1 and the right figure is example 1.
The reaction injection apparatus and the mold of the present invention are shown in the drawings, wherein 5 represents a mold; 21 denotes a reinforcing material layer and a release fabric; 31 denotes a first injection port; 32 denotes a drying passage; 41. 42 denotes a feed line; 43 denotes a mixing unit; 44a, 44b denote a feed unit; 45 denotes an injection line; 46 denotes a closable outlet; 47 denotes a vacuum source; 48. 49 denotes a storage tank; and 50, a vacuum pumping device.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
Various aspects of the invention will now be described in detail.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, a method of preparing a polyurethane composite material using a vacuum infusion process. Which comprises the following steps:
placing one or more layers of reinforcement material in a mold;
at least one gram weight is 50g/m2～150g/m2Preferably 80g/m2～100g/m2The polyester release fabric is placed in the mold;
introducing polyurethane resin, and curing the polyurethane resin to obtain the polyurethane composite material.
The polyester release fabric usable in the present invention means a release fabric made of polyester fibers. Polyester fiber (polyester fiber), abbreviated as PET fiber, commonly known as "terylene", refers to a general name of fiber prepared by using polyester produced by polycondensation of various dihydric alcohols and aromatic dicarboxylic acid or ester thereof as raw materials.
Preferably, the polyester release fabric is selected from plain, twill, satin fabrics made from continuous fibers by a weaving process or fabrics made by a knitting process or fabrics made directly by a stitch-bonding process.
The polyester release fabric may be placed between the reinforcement material and the mold, or between the reinforcement material and/or the core material and the porous member (e.g., a flow directing mesh). The porous member, which may also be referred to as a porous material, refers to a material having a network structure of interconnected pores. The structure of the porous material can be a three-dimensional structure formed by gathering a large number of polyhedral holes in space. Porous structures useful in the present invention, preferably flow directing media. The flow guide medium refers to a substance with a porous structure, and can be a material obtained by weaving, knitting, extruding or crocheting, foam or a substance with a sieve or a net structure per se; specifically, including but not limited to woven drainage meshes, pressed drainage meshes, continuous fiber mats; there are also mixed type flow guide nets, for example, a mixture of two or more of woven type flow guide nets, press type flow guide nets, continuous felts, chopped strand mats and other fiber fabrics. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that materials that can be used as the flow-guiding medium include, but are not limited to, Polystyrene (PS), Polyurethane (PUR), polyphenylene oxide (PPO), polypropylene, ABS, fiberglass fabric, and the like. The areal density of the substance having a porous structure is preferably 100g/m2～500g/m2. The porous member or flow directing medium is used primarily to assist in vacuum pumping during drying and flow directing during introduction of the polyurethane liquid material.
Molds that may be used in the present invention include, but are not limited to, fan blade and/or component molds thereof, aircraft and/or component molds thereof, ship hull and/or component molds thereof, vehicle body and/or component molds thereof, and the like. In an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the mold is a mold that can be used for manufacturing the fan blade and/or the component thereof in a polyurethane vacuum infusion method. The mold may include a heating function.
In the embodiment of the invention, the method of the invention heats the release fabric, the fiber reinforced material, the porous member and/or the sandwich material by one or two or more selected from the group consisting of mold heating, electric blanket heating, electrothermal film heating, microwave heating, infrared heating and hot air blowing heating. The electric blanket and the electric heating film are heated by being padded under the die or covered outside the film and being electrified for heating. Other heating means conventional in the art may be used in the present invention.
Preferably, the method further comprises placing a core material in the mold prior to introducing the polyurethane resin. Preferably, the sandwich material is selected from balsa wood, PVC foam, SAN foam, polyurethane foam, PS foam, PMI foam and PET foam.
Preferably, at least one porous structural member is placed on the uppermost layer or the lowermost layer of the layers placed inside the mold, such as the reinforcing material layer and the release cloth, before introducing the polyurethane resin.
Preferably, the method further comprises the step of peeling the release cloth and the porous structure after the polyurethane resin is cured.
Preferably, the reinforcing material is preferably a layer of random glass fibres, glass fibre fabrics and glass fibre gauzes, cut or milled glass or mineral fibres and fibre mats based on polymer fibres, mineral fibres, carbon fibres, glass or aramid fibres, fibre nonwovens and fibre knits and mixtures thereof, more preferably glass fibre mats or glass fibre nonwovens.
Preferably, the reinforcing material is a fibrous reinforcing material with a water content of < 0.1 wt.%, preferably < 0.09 wt.%, particularly preferably 0.01 to 0.05 wt.%, based on 100 wt.% of the weight of the fibrous reinforcing material. In some embodiments of the invention, the selected glass fiber cloth has a water content of less than 0.1 wt%, and the water content is 0.01-0.05 wt% after vacuum dehumidification.
Preferably, the method of the present invention further comprises:
providing a reaction injection apparatus (40) comprising at least two reservoirs (48, 49) containing components of a polyurethane resin, a vacuum pumping device (50) and metering devices (44a, 44b), connecting each metering device (44a, 44b) to a reservoir (48, 49) through a feed line (41, 42) and a mixing unit (43), and mixing together the components from the feed unit (44a, 44 b);
wherein the mold: is sealed at its periphery and is connected to at least one first injection opening (31), which first injection opening (31) can be used for evacuating the mould (5) and for supplying the mixed components into the mould (5), and comprises at least a drying channel (32) for supplying a drying gas, which during vacuum infusion is supplied into the mould for drying the one or more layers of reinforcing material and the release cloth (21) placed therein and for evacuating the mould (5) by means of an evacuation source (34), and
is connected to the reaction injection device (40) via an injection line (45) at the first injection opening (31), and can be evacuated by the injection line (45) via a laterally closable outlet opening (46) which is connected to an evacuation source (47);
degassing and drying the mould (5) and the layers (21) contained therein, the injection line (45) and optionally the feeding unit (44a, 44 b)/mixing unit (43) with a vacuum source (47), drying gas being introduced through the drying channel (32);
starting the vacuum infusion process from a feeding unit (44a, 44b) by introducing the degassed components in the injection lines (41, 42) from storage tanks (48, 49) into the reaction injection device (40) and obtaining a polyurethane resin from the components in the mixing unit (43), closing the outlet (46) of the evacuation source (47) before the polyurethane resin arrives;
injecting a polyurethane resin into the mold (5) through an injection line (31) while evacuating the mold (5) through a drying channel (32) by an evacuation source (34), and an injection pressure measured at an injection port of the mold (5) being lower than an external pressure;
the polyurethane resin is cured in the mold (5).
Preferably, the method of the present invention further comprises the following steps:
before introducing the polyurethane resin, a film is covered on each layer arranged in the mold, the periphery of the film is sealed with the mold, and the film is tightly pumped by a vacuum pump. And then laying a second layer of film and fixing the second layer of film, sealing the peripheries of the first layer of film and the second layer of film and reserving an air inlet channel and an air outlet channel. Heating the mould, and simultaneously filling hot air between the first layer of film and the second layer of film to provide the upper surface of the first layer of film with a temperature close to the mould temperature.
Experimental results show that the method provides more preferable raw materials such as polyester release cloth with lower water content, effectively reduces the temperature for drying the raw materials such as the release cloth and fiber reinforced materials, shortens the drying time, and obtains the polyurethane composite material with more excellent physical properties and satisfactory surface condition. The method of the invention effectively improves the production efficiency and the surface quality of the polyurethane composite material and saves the cost.
According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a polyurethane composite obtained by the method for preparing a polyurethane composite using a vacuum infusion process of the present invention.
In certain embodiments, the polyurethane composite of the present invention not only has good physical properties, but also has no surface defects, facilitates further processing, and is well suited for application to large polyurethane products.
In a further aspect of the invention, there is provided a use of the polyurethane composite of the invention in a turbine fan blade.
In yet another aspect of the present invention, a polyurethane product is provided, which includes the polyurethane composite material prepared by the method for preparing a polyurethane composite material by a vacuum infusion process according to the present invention.
Preferably, the polyurethane product is selected from the group consisting of a turbofan blade, a radome, a single layer or sandwich panel, preferably a spar cap, a web, a blade root and/or a blade shell of a turbofan blade.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. To the extent that the definitions of terms used herein conflict with meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains, the definitions set forth herein control.
Unless otherwise indicated, all numbers expressing quantities of ingredients, reaction conditions, and so forth used herein are to be understood as being modified by the term "about.
As used herein, "and/or" means one or all of the referenced elements.
The use of "including" and "comprising" herein covers the presence of the stated elements only and the presence of other elements not stated in addition to the stated elements.
All percentages herein are by weight unless otherwise indicated.
The present invention will now be described by way of examples for purposes of illustration and not limitation.
Examples
Description of raw materials:
polyester release fabric (gram weight: 95 g/m)2): purchased from Liezhi science and technology, Inc.;
nylon release fabric (gram weight: 80 g/m)2): purchased from Liezhi science and technology, Inc.;
film formation: thickness from Ligao technology GmbH: 50 um;
adhesive tape (brand: WD 209): purchased from Shanghai Kangda chemical New materials Co., Ltd;
glass fiber cloth (biaxial cloth, water content < 0.1 wt%): purchased from Chongqing International composite Co., Ltd;
thermal insulation blanket (specification: width-1 m, length-2 m, thickness-30 mm): purchased from a related market;
a flow guide net: purchased from a related market;
polyurethane resin (raw material trade names: Baydur 78BD085 and Desmodur 44CP 20):
purchased from kossima polymers (china) ltd.
Description of the test methods:
gram weight of the release fabric: the weight per unit area is specifically the value obtained by dividing the weight of the release fabric by the area of the release fabric;
water content: weighing W1 after sampling, then weighing W2 after drying, (W1-W2)/W1 is the water content;
and (3) temperature testing: the surface temperature was monitored using an infrared temperature measurement gun.
Examples
Preparation of the polyurethane composites of the examples and comparative examples:
example 1 and comparative example 1:
on a mold, a glass fiber cloth, a polyester release cloth (nylon release cloth in comparative example 1), a flow guide net and a film were laid. The periphery of the film is sealed with the mold, and the film is tightly pumped by a vacuum pump. The mold was heated and heating was stopped after 0.5 hours. After cooling to room temperature, pouring polyurethane resin, and curing to obtain the polyurethane composite material (the surface condition of comparative example 1 is shown in the two left figures, and the surface condition of example 1 is shown in the two right figures).
The experimental result shows that, as shown in the figure, under the same dehumidification condition, the surface of the polyurethane composite material using the polyester demolding cloth has almost no defects, so that the dehumidification efficiency can be improved by using the polyester demolding cloth; the polyurethane composite material using the nylon release fabric under the same conditions has very obvious surface defects, which indicates that the dehumidification efficiency is low, and higher temperature or prolonged dehumidification time is required. Higher temperatures mean that longer time is required to cool down to room temperature, which is a great challenge to production efficiency. The method for preparing the polyurethane composite material successfully overcomes the adverse factors of sensitivity of polyurethane to water, and prepares the polyurethane composite material with more excellent physical property and surface quality, so that the application of the polyurethane composite material in some large-scale products such as fan blades is broken through, and the development of related environmental protection industries is promoted.
Although the invention has been described in detail in the foregoing for the purpose of illustration, it is to be understood that such detail is solely for that purpose and that variations can be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention except as it may be limited by the claims.
Claims (13)
1. A method for preparing a polyurethane composite material by using a vacuum infusion process comprises the following steps:
placing one or more layers of reinforcement material in a mold;
at least one gram weight is 50g/m2～150g/m2Preferably 80g/m2～100g/m2The polyester release fabric is placed in the mold;
introducing polyurethane resin, and curing the polyurethane resin to obtain the polyurethane composite material.
2. The process according to claim 1, wherein the polyester release fabric is selected from plain, twill, satin or knitted fabrics made from continuous fibers by weaving or directly by stitch-bonding.
3. The method of claim 1 or 2, further comprising placing a core material in the mold prior to introducing the polyurethane resin.
4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the sandwich material is selected from balsa wood, PVC foam, SAN foam, polyurethane foam, PS foam, PMI foam and PET foam.
5. A method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one cellular structure is placed on the uppermost or lowermost layer of the one or more layers of reinforcing material and release cloth prior to introduction of the polyurethane resin.
6. The method of claim 5, further comprising the step of peeling the polyester release fabric and the porous structure after the polyurethane resin is cured.
7. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the reinforcement material is a fibrous reinforcement material having a moisture content of < 0.1 wt.%, preferably < 0.09 wt.%, particularly preferably 0.01 to 0.05 wt.%, based on 100 wt.% of the weight of the fibrous reinforcement material.
8. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the reinforcement material is preferably a glass fibre mat, a glass fibre fabric and a glass fibre gauze, cut or milled glass or mineral fibres and fibre mats based on polymer fibres, mineral fibres, carbon fibres, glass fibres or aramid fibres, fibre nonwovens and fibre knits and mixtures thereof, more preferably a glass fibre mat or a glass fibre nonwoven.
9. The method of claim 1 or 2, further comprising:
providing a reaction injection apparatus (40) comprising at least two reservoirs (48, 49) containing components of a polyurethane resin, a vacuum pumping device (50) and metering devices (44a, 44b), connecting each metering device (44a, 44b) to a reservoir (48, 49) through a feed line (41, 42) and a mixing unit (43), and mixing together the components from the feed unit (44a, 44 b);
wherein the mold: is sealed at its periphery and is connected to at least one first injection opening (31), which first injection opening (31) can be used for evacuating the mould (5) and for supplying the mixed components into the mould (5), and comprises at least a drying channel (32) for supplying a drying gas, which during vacuum infusion is supplied into the mould for drying the one or more layers of reinforcing material and the release cloth (21) placed therein and for evacuating the mould (5) by means of an evacuation source (34), and
is connected to the reaction injection device (40) via an injection line (45) at the first injection opening (31), and can be evacuated by the injection line (45) via a laterally closable outlet opening (46) which is connected to an evacuation source (47);
degassing and drying the mould (5) and the layers (21) contained therein, the injection line (45) and optionally the feeding unit (44a, 44 b)/mixing unit (43) with a vacuum source (47), drying gas being introduced through the drying channel (32);
starting the vacuum infusion process from a feeding unit (44a, 44b) by introducing the degassed components in the injection lines (41, 42) from storage tanks (48, 49) into the reaction injection device (40) and obtaining a polyurethane resin from the components in the mixing unit (43), closing the outlet (46) of the evacuation source (47) before the polyurethane resin arrives;
injecting a polyurethane resin into the mold (5) through an injection line (31) while evacuating the mold (5) through a drying channel (32) by an evacuation source (34), and an injection pressure measured at an injection port of the mold (5) being lower than an external pressure;
the polyurethane resin is cured in the mold (5).
10. A polyurethane composite obtainable by the process of any one of claims 1 to 9.
11. Use of a polyurethane composite obtained by the process according to any one of claims 1 to 9 in a turbine fan blade.
12. A polyurethane product comprising a polyurethane composite made by the method of any one of claims 1-9.
13. Polyurethane product according to claim 12, selected from the group consisting of a turbofan blade, a radome, a single layer or a sandwich panel, preferably a spar cap, a web, a blade root and/or a blade shell of a turbofan blade.
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811577517.1A CN111331880A (en) | 2018-12-19 | 2018-12-19 | Method for preparing polyurethane composite material by vacuum infusion process |
| PCT/EP2019/084662 WO2020126744A2 (en) | 2018-12-19 | 2019-12-11 | Method for preparing a polyurethane composite by vacuum infusion process |
| US17/295,514 US20220009177A1 (en) | 2018-12-19 | 2019-12-11 | Method for preparing a polyurethane composite by vacuum infusion process |
| EP19817299.1A EP3898206A2 (en) | 2018-12-19 | 2019-12-11 | Method for preparing a polyurethane composite by vacuum infusion process |
| CN201980084675.XA CN113423563A (en) | 2018-12-19 | 2019-12-11 | Method for preparing polyurethane composite material by vacuum infusion process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811577517.1A CN111331880A (en) | 2018-12-19 | 2018-12-19 | Method for preparing polyurethane composite material by vacuum infusion process |
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| CN111331880A true CN111331880A (en) | 2020-06-26 |
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| CN201811577517.1A Pending CN111331880A (en) | 2018-12-19 | 2018-12-19 | Method for preparing polyurethane composite material by vacuum infusion process |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114347510A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-04-15 | 浙江联洋新材料股份有限公司 | Preparation process and application of polyurethane resin composite polyurethane foam material |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016162348A1 (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2016-10-13 | Covestro Deutschland Ag | Method for manufacturing fiber-reinforced plastic products |
| WO2018177985A1 (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2018-10-04 | Covestro Deutschland Ag | Infusion device and method for producing fibre-reinforced composite parts |
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2018
- 2018-12-19 CN CN201811577517.1A patent/CN111331880A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016162348A1 (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2016-10-13 | Covestro Deutschland Ag | Method for manufacturing fiber-reinforced plastic products |
| WO2018177985A1 (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2018-10-04 | Covestro Deutschland Ag | Infusion device and method for producing fibre-reinforced composite parts |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114347510A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-04-15 | 浙江联洋新材料股份有限公司 | Preparation process and application of polyurethane resin composite polyurethane foam material |
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