CN112044798A - System and method for identifying coal and coal gangue - Google Patents
System and method for identifying coal and coal gangue Download PDFInfo
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- CN112044798A CN112044798A CN202010806769.8A CN202010806769A CN112044798A CN 112044798 A CN112044798 A CN 112044798A CN 202010806769 A CN202010806769 A CN 202010806769A CN 112044798 A CN112044798 A CN 112044798A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/02—Measures preceding sorting, e.g. arranging articles in a stream orientating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
- B07C5/361—Processing or control devices therefor, e.g. escort memory
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal safety production, and discloses a system and a method for identifying coal and coal gangue. The identification method comprises the following steps: the X-ray emitting device projects X-rays to the coal discharge port, the infrared temperature measurement terminal detects the temperature of the coal discharge port, data are uploaded to the data processing controller, the data are compared with a preset threshold value, and whether coal gangue is discharged from a measured object or not is judged. The invention realizes accurate and rapid identification of coal and gangue, on-line monitoring and automatic control of the coal discharge process, and has low cost and convenient operation. The invention is suitable for coal production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal safety production, and relates to an identification method, in particular to a system and an identification method for identifying coal and coal gangue.
Background
The coal gangue is solid waste discharged in coal mining and coal washing processes, is a black gray rock which has lower carbon content and is harder than coal and is associated with a coal bed in the coal forming process, and the main component of the coal gangue is Al2O3、SiO2Nowadays, the coal caving process mainly depends on underground workers, follows the principle that the door is closed by the gangue, and identifies coal and the gangue in a mode of artificial visual inspection and ear-smelling. In recent years, with the development of infrared thermal imaging technology, the infrared thermal imaging technology is gradually applied to coal gangue identification, but the infrared thermal imaging technology is expensive, needs manual operation and is not suitable for online monitoring and automatic control. The accurate identification of coal and coal gangue directly influences the recovery rate of top coal, and at present, how to separate coal and coal gangue quickly and effectively has gradually become the key point of concern of the coal industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a system for identifying coal and coal gangue, which is used for accurately and quickly identifying the coal and the coal gangue and has low cost; another object of the present invention is to provide the above method for identifying coal and gangue.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical method comprises the following steps:
the utility model provides a system for be used for discerning coal and coal gangue, includes X ray emitter, infrared temperature measurement terminal and data processing controller, and X ray emitter's X ray projection direction corresponds with the coal discharge mouth, and the detection direction at infrared temperature measurement terminal corresponds with the coal discharge mouth, and infrared temperature measurement terminal and X ray emitter all are connected with the input of data processing controller, and the output and the host computer of data processing controller are connected.
As a limitation: the X-ray emission device comprises an X-ray tube and a lead plate installation box, the X-ray tube is fixed in the lead plate installation box, a projection hole is formed in one side, facing the coal discharge port, of the lead plate installation box, a dust filter screen is arranged at the position of the projection hole, a threading hole is formed in the other side of the lead plate installation box, an automatic closed system of a projection hole control switch tube matched with the coal discharge port control switch is arranged in the lead plate installation box, the state of the projection hole control switch is dependent on the state of the coal discharge port control switch, and the output end of the X-ray tube is connected with the data processing controller through the threading hole through a control cable.
As a further limitation: the infrared temperature measuring terminal comprises an infrared temperature sensor and a data processing unit, the data processing unit comprises a filter amplifying circuit and an A/D conversion circuit, the infrared temperature sensor sequentially passes through the filter amplifying circuit and the A/D conversion circuit, and I is adopted 2 The bus C is connected with the input end of the data processing controller, and the data processing controller is connected with the upper computer through a serial port communication circuit.
As another limitation: the system for identifying coal and gangue also comprises a hydraulic support, the X-ray emitting device is fastened on the lower side of a tail beam of the hydraulic support through a connecting bolt, and the data processing controller is installed on a strut of the hydraulic support.
As a further limitation: the system for identifying coal and gangue also comprises a movement mechanism which can enable the infrared temperature measurement terminal to independently move in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and the movement mechanism is arranged on a base at the rear side of the hydraulic support; the motion mechanism comprises a position detection circuit, a driving circuit and a double-shaft motion unit, wherein the detection circuit and the driving circuit are connected with the double-shaft motion unit and the data processing controller.
The invention also provides an identification method of the system for identifying coal and gangue, which comprises the following steps:
s1, adjusting the X-ray emission device and the infrared temperature measurement terminal to enable the projection direction of the X-ray and the detection direction of the infrared temperature measurement terminal to be aligned with the coal discharge port; pre-storing the average range of the temperature difference threshold values of coal and gangue in a data processing controller at 10-15 ℃;
s2, when the coal discharge port starts to discharge coal, the X-ray emission device and the infrared temperature measurement terminal are opened, when a measured object falls, the X-ray irradiates the falling measured object through the X-ray emission device, the temperature of the measured object is instantly increased after the measured object is irradiated by the X-ray, and meanwhile, the movement mechanism starts to move, so that the infrared temperature measurement terminal moves, the temperature change condition of the measured object is detected, and data are transmitted to the data processing controller;
and S3, after receiving the data, the data processing controller processes the data and compares the data with the average range of the pre-stored temperature difference threshold value of 10-15 ℃, judges whether the coal gangue is discharged from the object to be detected, then judges whether to implement the operation of continuing coal discharge or closing a coal discharge port, and uploads the result to the upper computer.
As a limitation: the X-ray emission device comprises an X-ray tube and a lead plate installation box, the X-ray tube is fixed in the lead plate installation box, a projection hole is formed in one side, facing the coal discharge port, of the lead plate installation box, an automatic sealing system of a projection hole control switch tube matched with the coal discharge port control switch is arranged in the lead plate installation box, the state of the projection hole control switch depends on the state of the coal discharge port control switch, when the coal discharge port is opened in the step S2, the projection hole of the lead plate installation box is automatically opened, and when the coal discharge port is closed in the step S3, the projection hole of the lead plate installation box is automatically closed.
As a further limitation: the system for identifying coal and gangue also comprises a movement mechanism which can enable the infrared temperature measurement terminal to independently move in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, the X-ray emission device, the infrared temperature measurement terminal and the movement mechanism are turned on in the step S2, when the measured object falls, the X-ray irradiates the falling measured object through the X-ray emission device, the temperature of the measured object is instantly raised after the measured object is irradiated by the X-ray, and meanwhile, the movement mechanism starts to move, so that the infrared temperature measurement terminal moves, the temperature change condition of the measured object is detected, and data are transmitted to the data processing controller.
As a further limitation: the basis for judging the object to be measured in step S3 is: when the data received by the data processing controller is larger than the average range of the temperature difference threshold value by 10-15 ℃, judging that the coal gangue is mixed into the measured object, and closing the coal discharge port; and when the data received by the data processing controller is less than the average range of the temperature difference threshold value by 10-15 ℃, judging that all the detected objects are coal, and continuing to discharge the coal.
Due to the adoption of the scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the system for identifying the coal and the coal gangue utilizes the difference between the coal and the coal gangue, the average atomic number Z of the coal is approximately equal to 6 due to the different mineral compositions of the coal and the coal gangue, the coal belongs to a low-Z substance, the average atomic number Z of the coal gangue is approximately equal to 12 and belongs to a high-Z substance, the mass absorption coefficient muL strongly depends on the energy of rays and the atomic number Z of substances, the selected rays irradiate the coal and the coal gangue, the lower the energy of the selected rays is, the larger the difference between the mass absorption coefficients muLC and muLS of the coal and the coal gangue is, the more the separation of the coal and the gangue is facilitated, therefore, the invention selects the X rays to irradiate the coal and the coal gangue, increases the difference between the coal and the coal gangue, is beneficial to the accurate and rapid identification of the coal and the coal gangue, the X rays are not radioactive substances, have no half-life period, and have the characteristics of power failure and no radiation, the radiation intensity is low, the radiation safety license is easy to handle, and the requirement on workers is low;
(2) the X-ray emission device of the system for identifying coal and gangue comprises an X-ray tube and a lead plate installation box, wherein the X-ray tube is installed in the lead plate installation box, so that the radiation quantity of X-rays is greatly reduced, and a dust filter screen is arranged at the projection hole of the lead plate installation box, so that coal dust is prevented from entering the lead plate installation box;
(3) the system for identifying coal and gangue provided by the invention adopts the infrared temperature measuring terminal, uses the non-contact temperature sensor infrared temperature sensor, utilizes the infrared radiation principle, avoids the defects that the traditional infrared thermal imager is expensive, needs manual operation and is difficult to realize on-line monitoring and automatic control, adopts the filtering amplification circuit, avoids the interference of environmental factors such as noise in the acquisition process and the like, improves the linearity and the input impedance of a subsequent circuit, and improves the measurement precision of the system; infrared temperature measurement terminal adopts 2 The C bus is connected with the data processing controller, so that the hardware design of the system is facilitated, the volume of a hardware circuit is reduced, and the reliability of the system is improved;
(4) the system for identifying coal and gangue provided by the invention also comprises a hydraulic support and a movement mechanism, wherein the X-ray emission device, the data processing controller and the movement mechanism are all arranged on the hydraulic support, so that the operation and the automatic control are convenient; the movement mechanism can enable the infrared temperature measurement terminal to independently move in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction and move to an expected position, and the temperature of coal and gangue at multiple positions can be detected by only adopting one infrared temperature sensor, so that multi-region detection is realized, and the cost is reduced;
(5) the method for identifying the system for identifying the coal and the coal gangue, provided by the invention, has the advantages that the coal and the coal gangue are irradiated by X rays for the same time, the temperature of the coal gangue is greater than that of the coal, the difference condition of the temperature of a detected object is detected by the infrared temperature sensor, and then the difference condition is compared with the preset temperature difference of the coal and the coal gangue, whether the detected object contains the coal gangue is judged, so that whether the coal is continuously discharged is judged, and then the switch of the throwing hole of the lead plate installation box is automatically controlled.
In conclusion, the invention realizes accurate and rapid identification of coal and gangue, online monitoring and automatic control of the coal discharge process, and meanwhile, the invention has low cost and convenient operation.
The identification method is suitable for a system for identifying coal and coal gangue, and the system for identifying coal and coal gangue is suitable for coal production.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the internal circuit structure of an infrared temperature sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a filter amplifier circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an A/D conversion circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a motion mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a data processing controller; 2. a motion mechanism; 3. an infrared temperature measuring terminal; 4. an X-ray emitting device; 5. throwing a hole; 6. an object to be measured; 7. a connecting bolt; 8. threading holes; 9. a coal discharging port.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described with reference to the following examples, but it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the following examples, and any modifications and equivalent changes based on the specific examples of the present invention are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
System and method for identifying coal and gangue according to embodiment
A system for identifying coal and coal gangue is shown in a structural block diagram of figure 1, and is shown in a structural schematic diagram of figure 2, and comprises an X-ray transmitting device 4, an infrared temperature measuring terminal 3, a data processing controller 1, a hydraulic support and a moving mechanism 2, wherein the X-ray transmitting device 4 is fastened on the lower side of a tail beam of the hydraulic support through a connecting bolt 7, the X-ray transmitting device 4 comprises an X-ray tube and a lead plate installation box, the X-ray tube is fixed in the lead plate installation box, a throwing hole 5 is arranged on one side of the lead plate installation box facing a coal discharging port 9, a dust filter is arranged at the position of the throwing hole 5, a threading hole 8 is arranged on the other side of the lead plate installation box, an automatic closing system of the throwing hole 5 control switch tube matched with a control switch of the coal discharging port 9 is arranged in the lead plate installation box, the state of the throwing hole 5 control switch depends on the state of the control switch of the coal discharging port 9, and X-, the output end of the X-ray tube is connected with the data processing controller 1 through a control cable through a threading hole 8; the infrared temperature measuring terminal 3 comprises an infrared temperature sensor and a data processing unit, the detection direction of the infrared temperature sensor corresponds to the coal discharge port 9, the data processing unit comprises a filter amplifying circuit and an A/D conversion circuit, the infrared temperature sensor sequentially passes through the filter amplifying circuit and the A/D conversion circuit, and I is adopted 2 The bus C is connected with the input end of the data processing controller 1, the data processing controller 1 is installed on a support column of the hydraulic support, and the data processing controller 1 is connected with an upper computer through a serial port communication circuit; the movement mechanism is 2AThe infrared temperature measuring terminal 3 can independently move in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, the moving mechanism 2 comprises a horizontal position detection circuit, a vertical position detection circuit, a horizontal position driving circuit, a vertical position driving circuit and a double-shaft moving unit, and the horizontal position detection circuit, the vertical position detection circuit, the horizontal position driving circuit and the vertical position driving circuit are all connected with the double-shaft moving unit and the data processing controller 1.
The infrared temperature sensor of this embodiment is selected as an infrared temperature sensor with a silicon lens light path packaged outside, and the circuit diagram of the infrared temperature sensor is shown in fig. 3, in which VTobjOutput voltage, V, at target temperatureTambOutput voltage, V, for ambient temperatureRefAt an internal reference voltage of 1.225V, the thermopile sensor receives infrared radiation from the target object and converts it into a corresponding voltage signal, which is amplified by a programmable amplifier. According to the thermopile temperature measurement principle, the polarity of the thermopile voltage depends on whether the target temperature is higher or lower than the ambient temperature measured by the ambient temperature sensor. In order to enable the negative voltage signals to be processed in a single power supply system, all internal signals are connected to an internal reference voltage VRefAs a virtual analog ground signal. Adding an amplifier to the amplified thermopile signal and the ambient temperature reference signal to perform ambient temperature compensation to obtain VTobjAnd VTambAnd the two paths of voltage signals are used for subsequent processing.
The circuit diagram of the filtering and amplifying circuit of the present embodiment is shown in fig. 4, and the signal is filtered and amplified by using a rail-to-rail operational amplifier; the circuit diagram of the a/D conversion circuit is shown in fig. 5, and the circuit diagram of the motion mechanism is shown in fig. 6; the data processing controller 1 adopts an Atmega64 singlechip.
The identification method of the system for identifying coal and gangue comprises the following steps:
s1, adjusting the X-ray emission device 4 and the infrared temperature measurement terminal 3 to enable the projection direction of the X-ray and the detection direction of the infrared temperature measurement terminal 3 to be aligned with the coal discharge port 9; pre-storing the average range of the temperature difference threshold values of coal and gangue in a data processing controller 1 at 10-15 ℃;
s2, when the coal discharge port 9 starts to discharge coal, the projection hole 5 of the lead plate installation box is automatically opened, the X-ray emission device 4, the infrared temperature measurement terminal 3 and the movement mechanism 2 are opened, when the object to be measured 6 falls, the X-ray irradiates the falling object to be measured 6 through the X-ray emitting device 4, the temperature of the object to be measured 6 rises instantly after the X-ray irradiation, meanwhile, the position detection circuit of the motion mechanism 2 detects the position of the biaxial motion unit and sends the position information to the data processing controller 1, when the position information received by the data processing controller 1 is the initial position, the control drive circuit controls the biaxial motion unit to start to move, thereby the infrared temperature measuring terminal 3 moves, detects the temperature change condition of the measured object 6, and transmits the data to the data processing controller 1 through the filtering amplifying circuit and the A/D conversion circuit;
s3, comparing the data received by the data processing controller 1 with the average range of the pre-stored temperature difference threshold value of 10-15 ℃, and when the data received by the data processing controller 1 is more than the average range of the temperature difference threshold value of 10-15 ℃, judging that the object to be measured 6 is mixed with coal gangue, closing the coal discharge port 9, and automatically closing the throwing hole 5 of the lead plate installation box; when the data received by the data processing controller 1 is less than the average range of the temperature difference threshold value of 10-15 ℃, judging that all the detected objects 6 are coal, and continuing to discharge the coal; meanwhile, the data processing controller 1 uploads the result to the upper computer.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a system for be used for discerning coal and coal gangue which characterized in that, includes X ray emitter, infrared temperature measurement terminal and data processing controller, and X ray emitter's X ray projection direction corresponds with the coal discharge mouth, and the detection direction at infrared temperature measurement terminal corresponds with the coal discharge mouth, and infrared temperature measurement terminal and X ray emitter all are connected with the input of data processing controller, and the output and the host computer of data processing controller are connected.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the X-ray emitting device comprises an X-ray tube and a lead plate mounting box, the X-ray tube is fixed in the lead plate mounting box, a throwing hole is arranged on one side of the lead plate mounting box facing the coal discharge port, a dust filter is arranged at the position of the throwing hole, a threading hole is arranged on the other side of the lead plate mounting box, an automatic closing system of a throwing hole control switch tube matched with the coal discharge port control switch is arranged in the lead plate mounting box, the state of the throwing hole control switch is dependent on the state of the coal discharge port control switch, and the output end of the X-ray tube is connected with the data processing controller through the threading hole through a control cable.
3. The system for identifying coal and gangue as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the infrared temperature measuring terminal comprises an infrared temperature sensor and a data processing unit, the data processing unit comprises a filter amplifying circuit and an A/D converting circuit, the infrared temperature sensor passes through the filter amplifying circuit and the A/D converting circuit in sequence, and I is adopted 2 The bus C is connected with the input end of the data processing controller, and the data processing controller is connected with the upper computer through a serial port communication circuit.
4. The system for identifying coal and gangue as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the system for identifying coal and gangue further comprises a hydraulic support, the X-ray emitting device is fastened to the lower side of the tail beam of the hydraulic support through a connecting bolt, and the data processing controller is mounted on a pillar of the hydraulic support.
5. The system for identifying coal and gangue as claimed in claim 3, wherein the system for identifying coal and gangue further comprises a hydraulic support, the X-ray emitting device is fastened to the lower side of the tail beam of the hydraulic support through a connecting bolt, and the data processing controller is mounted on a pillar of the hydraulic support.
6. The system for identifying coal and gangue as claimed in claim 5, wherein the system for identifying coal and gangue further comprises a moving mechanism which can make the infrared temperature measuring terminal independently move in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and the moving mechanism is installed on the rear side base of the hydraulic support; the motion mechanism comprises a position detection circuit, a driving circuit and a double-shaft motion unit, wherein the detection circuit and the driving circuit are connected with the double-shaft motion unit and the data processing controller.
7. An identification method of the system for identifying coal and gangue as claimed in any one of claims 1-6, wherein the method comprises:
s1, adjusting the X-ray emission device and the infrared temperature measurement terminal to enable the projection direction of the X-ray and the detection direction of the infrared temperature measurement terminal to be aligned with the coal discharge port; pre-storing the average range of the temperature difference threshold values of coal and gangue in a data processing controller at 10-15 ℃;
s2, when the coal discharge port is opened and coal discharge is started, the X-ray emission device and the infrared temperature measurement terminal are opened, when a measured object falls, the X-ray irradiates the falling measured object through the X-ray emission device, the temperature of the measured object is raised instantly after the measured object is irradiated by the X-ray, and the infrared temperature measurement terminal detects the temperature change condition of the measured object and transmits data to the data processing controller;
and S3, after receiving the data, the data processing controller processes the data and compares the data with the average range of the pre-stored temperature difference threshold value of 10-15 ℃, judges whether the coal gangue is discharged from the object to be detected, then judges whether to implement the operation of continuing coal discharge or closing a coal discharge port, and uploads the result to the upper computer.
8. The identification method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the X-ray emitting device includes an X-ray tube and a lead plate mounting box, the X-ray tube is fixed in the lead plate mounting box, a coal discharge hole is provided on a side of the lead plate mounting box facing the coal discharge port, an automatic closing system of a projection hole control switch tube is provided in the lead plate mounting box, the automatic closing system of the projection hole control switch tube is matched with the coal discharge port control switch, the state of the projection hole control switch is dependent on the state of the coal discharge port control switch, the projection hole of the lead plate mounting box is automatically opened when the coal discharge port is opened in step S2, and the projection hole of the lead plate mounting box is automatically closed when the coal discharge port is closed in step S3.
9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the system for identifying coal and gangue further comprises a moving mechanism for independently moving the infrared temperature measuring terminal in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and in step S2, the X-ray emitting device, the infrared temperature measuring terminal and the moving mechanism are turned on, when the object to be measured falls, the X-ray irradiates the falling object to be measured through the X-ray emitting device, the temperature of the object to be measured rises instantly after the object to be measured is irradiated by the X-ray, and at the same time, the moving mechanism starts to move, so that the infrared temperature measuring terminal moves, the temperature change of the object to be measured is detected, and the data is transmitted to the data processing controller.
10. The identification method according to claim 9, wherein the basis for determining the object to be measured in step S3 is: when the data received by the data processing controller is larger than the average range of the temperature difference threshold value by 10-15 ℃, judging that the coal gangue is mixed into the measured object, and closing the coal discharge port; and when the data received by the data processing controller is less than the average range of the temperature difference threshold value by 10-15 ℃, judging that all the detected objects are coal, and continuing to discharge the coal.
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| CN112459843A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-03-09 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Coal and gangue identification system and method based on heat detection |
| CN112791933A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-05-14 | 中国矿业大学 | Efficient coal gangue sorting system based on microwave radiation |
| CN113691285A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-11-23 | 山西大同大学 | Coal and coal gangue mixing ratio wireless monitoring system based on non-Hermite technology |
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Application publication date: 20201208 |