CN112043469B

CN112043469B - Special-shaped tibial forming device

Info

Publication number: CN112043469B
Application number: CN202010879832.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 解凤宝; 史春宝; 贺阳; 郝孟娟
Original assignee: Beijing Chunlizhengda Medical Instruments Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Chunlizhengda Medical Instruments Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-08-27
Filing date: 2020-08-27
Publication date: 2021-12-28
Anticipated expiration: 2040-08-27
Also published as: CN112043469A

Abstract

The utility model relates to a shin bone dysmorphism former relates to medical instrument technical field, and it includes the body, offers the mounting hole that is used for wearing to establish the marrow chamber pole and a plurality of guiding hole that is used for wearing to establish the reamer on the body, mounting hole and a plurality of the relative both ends of body are all run through to the guiding hole. This application can improve the precision of repairing to shin bone pulp chamber.

Description

Special-shaped tibial forming device

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of medical equipment, in particular to a special-shaped tibial former.

Background

The joint replacement is one of the common operation modes for clinically treating diseases such as knee osteoarthritis, traumatic arthritis, rheumatoid disease and the like at present, and has good postoperative effect. The tibia close to one end of the knee joint is a tibia platform, for a patient with severe bone defect of the tibia platform part, a filling block is required to make up the bone defect, and before the filling block is installed, a tibia marrow cavity needs to be expanded to a proper position by using a tool, so that the filling block can be placed in. In order to obtain the proper medullary cavity shape, the traditional method is to use a grinding drill to trim the medullary cavity of the tibia, and the proper medullary cavity of the tibia can be obtained by trimming the grinding drill with different sizes.

The method for directly trimming the tibial medullary cavity by using the abrasive drill has higher requirements on the operation accuracy and stability of a doctor, so that a plurality of uncertain factors are in the tibial medullary cavity, the trimmed tibial medullary cavity has low precision, and the service life of the filling block is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to improve the precision of repairing to shin bone pulp chamber, this application provides a shin bone dysmorphism shaper.

The application provides a special-shaped shaper of shin bone adopts following technical scheme:

the special-shaped tibial shaper comprises a body, wherein a mounting hole for penetrating a marrow cavity rod and a plurality of guide holes for penetrating a reamer are formed in the body, and the mounting hole and the guide holes penetrate through two opposite ends of the body.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when installing shin bone dysmorphism former, insert the marrow cavity pole in the marrow cavity from defective tibial plateau earlier, then make the mounting hole of body and peg graft with the marrow cavity pole, place the body on the tibial plateau, the marrow cavity pole can lead and fix the installation of body, after fixing the body, insert the reamer respectively from each guiding hole, repair shin bone marrow cavity, the position and the direction of guiding hole can set up according to the marrow cavity shape of adaptation filling block, thereby can restrict the position and the angle of reamer, the shin bone marrow cavity precision that makes the reamer repair out is high, improve the life of filling block.

Preferably, the guide holes are annularly distributed and obliquely arranged, and the lower ends of the guide holes are gathered towards the middle direction.

By adopting the technical scheme, the plurality of guide holes are annularly distributed, so that the reamer is favorable for trimming the annular inner wall of the medullary cavity, the medullary cavity in the tibial plateau is enlarged, the inner wall is inclined, the lower ends of the guide holes are inclined towards the gathering direction, and the cutting angle of the reamer can be more suitable for the shape of the inner wall of the medullary cavity; in addition, because the lower end of the guide hole is gathered, the upper end of the reamer inclines outwards after being inserted,

preferably, one side of the body is provided with a threaded hole communicated with the mounting hole, and a fastening bolt used for tightly abutting against the marrow cavity rod in a friction mode is in threaded connection in the threaded hole.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, fastening bolt can be fixed body and medullary cavity pole, strengthens the stability of body, makes the body be difficult to rock at the reamer during operation, is favorable to improving the accuracy that the medullary cavity was maintained to the reamer.

Preferably, the edge of the threaded hole on the outer side of the body is provided with an annular boss, and a pin abutting against the fastening bolt penetrates through the side wall of the boss.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the pin makes fastening bolt be difficult to drop.

Preferably, the upper end face structure of body is formed with the top groove, and the side structure that the screw hole was seted up to the body is formed with the groove of stepping down, the top groove with step down the groove intercommunication, the tank bottom of mounting hole upper end intercommunication top groove, the boss is located the inslot of stepping down.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the body weight can be alleviateed with the groove of stepping down to the top groove, and save material, the boss is located the inslot of stepping down and can reduces occupation space.

Preferably, the opposite sides of body are provided with the engaging lug respectively, two the engaging lug is worn to be equipped with respectively and is used for the staple of fixed connection shin bone.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the body passes through staple and shin bone fixed connection, and is more firm, is favorable to improving the reamer and repaiies the accuracy in pulp cavity.

Preferably, the side surface of the connecting lug is an arc surface, and two sides of the arc surface are connected with the side surface of the body.

By adopting the technical scheme, the cambered surface of the connecting lug is favorable for adapting to the inner wall of the arc medullary cavity.

Preferably, the peripheral side walls of the body are in arc transition connection.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the lateral wall arc transitional coupling all around of body does benefit to the adaptation pulp cavity shape.

Preferably, the mounting hole and the openings at both ends of the plurality of guide holes are processed to form chamfers.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, mounting hole and guiding hole opening edge set up the chamfer, are favorable to inserting of marrow chamber pole and reamer.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. the mounting hole of the body is spliced with the medullary cavity rod, the medullary cavity rod can fix the body, after the body is fixed, the reamer is inserted into each guide hole, and the guide holes of the body for penetrating the reamer can limit the position and the angle of the reamer, so that the precision of the medullary cavity of the tibia trimmed by the reamer is high, and the service life of the filling block is prolonged;

2. the fastening bolt can fix the body and the medullary cavity rod, so that the stability of the body is enhanced, the body is not easy to shake when the reamer works, and the accuracy of the reamer in repairing the medullary cavity is improved;

3. the body passes through staple and shin bone fixed connection, and is more firm, is favorable to improving the reamer and repaiies the accuracy in pulp cavity.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the use state of a special tibial shaper in an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a tibial heteromorphic shaper of the present application in use.

Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the construction of a tibial bone contouring device in an embodiment of the present application.

Description of reference numerals: 1. a body; 11. mounting holes; 12. a guide hole; 13. a threaded hole; 14. a top groove; 15. a yielding groove; 16. chamfering; 17. a curved surface; 2. a medullary cavity rod; 3. a reamer; 4. a tibia; 41. a tibial plateau; 42. a medullary cavity; 5. fastening a bolt; 6. a boss; 61. a pin; 62. sinking a groove; 7. connecting lugs; 71. a fixing hole; 72. a cambered surface; 8. and (5) fixing the nail.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings.

The embodiment of the application discloses shin bone dysmorphism former. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, one end of the tibial plateau 41 of the tibia 4 is flattened to expose a medullary canal 42 in the tibia 4, the medullary canal 42 tapering along the opening inward of the end of the tibial plateau 41.

The special-shaped tibial former comprises a body 1, wherein a plurality of guide holes 12 are formed in the body 1 and used for penetrating through a mounting hole 11 of a marrow cavity rod 2 and a reamer 3, the mounting hole 11 and the guide holes 12 penetrate through the upper end and the lower end of the body 1, the mounting hole 11 is located in the middle of the body 1, and the guide holes 12 are distributed around the mounting hole 11.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the medullary cavity rod 2 is a straight rod, one end of the straight rod can be inserted into the medullary cavity 42 from an opening cut at the tibial plateau 41, the main body 1 is inserted into the medullary cavity rod 2 through the mounting hole 11 during operation, the medullary cavity rod 2 can limit the position of the main body 1, then the reamer 3 extends into the medullary cavity 42 from different guide holes 12 for trimming, and the medullary cavity 42 is trimmed to be suitable for the shape of the filling block.

The plurality of guide holes 12 on the body 1 are obliquely arranged, the lower ends of the guide holes are gathered towards the middle direction, and the lower ends of the adjacent guide holes 12 can be partially overlapped. After the reamer 3 extends into the guide hole 12, the inner wall of the medullary cavity 42 can be trimmed at an inclined angle, the shape of the inner wall of the medullary cavity 42 is adapted to, and the diameter and the inclined angle of the guide hole 12 are designed according to the model of the reamer 3 and the shape of the filling block, wherein the model of the reamer is used as required. After the reamer 3 is inserted into the guide hole 12, the upper end of the reamer is inclined in the direction away from the medullary cavity rod 2, and the reamer does not interfere with the medullary cavity rod during operation.

Referring to fig. 3, a screw hole 13 is opened at one side of the body 1, and the side of the body 1 where the screw hole 13 is opened is defined as a front side. The threaded hole 13 and the mounting hole 11 are communicated with the threaded hole 13, and the threaded hole 13 is internally connected with a fastening bolt 5, and the fastening bolt 5 is used for abutting against the medullary cavity rod 2, so that the body 1 and the medullary cavity rod 2 are fixed together. The edge at screw hole 13 of body 1 front side is provided with annular boss 6, and pin 61 is worn to be equipped with by the lateral wall of boss 6, and fastening bolt 5 is avoided droing by pin 61 one end butt fastening bolt 5. The fastening bolt 5 can be an inner hexagon bolt, the inner side edge of one end, far away from the body 1, of the boss 6 is provided with a sinking groove 62, and the sinking groove 62 is used for accommodating the head of the fastening bolt 5.

The left and right sides of body 1 fixedly connected with engaging lug 7 respectively, and two engaging lugs 7 are vertical fixed orifices 71 of having seted up respectively, and fixed orifices 71 are used for wearing to establish

staple

8, and 8 nail shin bones 4 are followed closely to staple, with

body

1 and 4 fixed connection of shin bones, make the cooperation of shin bone 4 and body 1 more stable, are favorable to improving the accuracy that reamer 3 maintained medullary cavity 42. Because the stable cooperation of body 1 and shin bone 4, and the cutting angle of reamer 3 has been injectd by guiding hole 12, can insert two different guiding holes 12 simultaneous workings with two reamers 3 during the operation, greatly improved operation efficiency.

In order to better adapt to the shape of the medullary cavity 42, the adjacent side walls around the body 1 are processed in an arc transition mode, the side surfaces of the two connecting lugs 7 are arranged to be arc surfaces 72, and the two sides of each arc surface 72 are directly connected with the side surface of the body 1, so that the side walls of the body 1 and the side surfaces of the connecting lugs 7 can better adapt to the shape of the medullary cavity 42.

The middle of the upper end face of the body 1 is inwards sunken to form a top groove 14, the front side of the body 1 is provided with a yielding groove 15, and the top groove 14 is communicated with the yielding groove 15. The upper end opening of the mounting hole 11 is opened at the bottom of the top groove 14, and the plurality of guide holes 12 are distributed around the opening edge of the top groove 14 in a C shape. Meanwhile, the boss 6 is located in the yielding groove 15 on the front side of the body 1 and does not protrude out of the yielding groove 15, so that interference of the boss 6 on use of other instruments is avoided.

The edges of the openings at the two ends of the mounting hole 11 and the guide holes 12 are processed to form chamfers 16 so as to be conveniently inserted into the medullary cavity rod 2 and the reamer 3. The lower extreme terminal surface of body 1 sets up to the plane, and the top terminal surface sets up to curved surface 17, and the curved surface 17 on top is perpendicular with the top opening of each guiding hole 12 to make things convenient for when reamer 3 inserts to aim at guiding hole 12 with suitable angle.

The practical working principle of the special tibial forming device is as follows: during operation, the tibial platform 41 is cut to expose the medullary cavity 42, and one end of the medullary cavity rod 2 is inserted into the medullary cavity 42; then the body 1 is inserted into the medullary cavity rod 2 through the mounting hole 11, the fastening bolt 5 is screwed down, the pin 61 is inserted, and then the fixing nails 8 are respectively penetrated into the two connecting lugs 7, so that the body 1 is fixedly connected with the tibia 41; then, the reamer 3 extends into different guide holes 12 to trim the medullary cavity 42; after finishing, the reamer 3 is taken out of the guide hole 12, then the dismounting pin 61 and the two fixing pins 8 are dismounted, then the fastening bolt 5 is unscrewed, and the body 1 and the medullary cavity rod 2 are dismounted.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. Special-shaped shaper of shin bone, its characterized in that: the reamer comprises a body (1), wherein a mounting hole (11) for penetrating a marrow cavity rod (2) and a plurality of guide holes (12) for penetrating a reamer (3) are formed in the body (1), and the mounting hole (11) and the guide holes (12) penetrate through the upper end and the lower end of the body (1); one side of the body (1) is provided with a threaded hole (13) communicated with the mounting hole (11), and a fastening bolt (5) used for tightly abutting against the marrow cavity rod (2) in a friction mode is in threaded connection with the threaded hole (13).

2. The tibial heteromorphic shaper of claim 1, wherein: the guide holes (12) are distributed in an annular shape and are obliquely arranged, and the lower ends of the guide holes (12) are gathered towards the middle direction.

3. The tibial heteromorphic shaper of claim 1, wherein: the body (1) outside is provided with annular boss (6) in the edge of screw hole (13), wear to be equipped with butt fastening bolt (5) on the lateral wall of boss (6) pin (61).

4. The tibial heteromorphic shaper of claim 3, wherein: the upper end terminal surface structure of body (1) is formed with top groove (14), and the side structure that screw hole (13) were seted up in body (1) is formed with the groove of stepping down (15), top groove (14) and groove of stepping down (15) intercommunication, the tank bottom of mounting hole (11) upper end intercommunication top groove (14), boss (6) are located the groove of stepping down (15).

5. The tibial heteromorphic shaper of any one of claims 1-4, wherein: the relative both sides of body (1) are provided with engaging lug (7) respectively, two engaging lug (7) wear to be equipped with respectively and are used for fixed connection shin bone (4) staple (8).

6. The tibial heteromorphic shaper of claim 5, wherein: the side surface of the connecting lug (7) is provided with an arc surface (72), and two sides of the arc surface (72) are connected with the side surface of the body (1).

7. The tibial heteromorphic shaper of claim 1, wherein: the side walls around the body (1) are in arc transition connection.

8. The tibial heteromorphic shaper of claim 1, wherein: and both ends of the mounting hole (11) and the guide holes (12) are provided with openings to form chamfers (16).