CN112040624B - X-ray tube control system and method and X-ray imaging equipment - Google Patents
X-ray tube control system and method and X-ray imaging equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN112040624B CN112040624B CN201910482084.XA CN201910482084A CN112040624B CN 112040624 B CN112040624 B CN 112040624B CN 201910482084 A CN201910482084 A CN 201910482084A CN 112040624 B CN112040624 B CN 112040624B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
- H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
- H05G1/08—Electrical details
- H05G1/26—Measuring, controlling or protecting
- H05G1/30—Controlling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
- H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
- H05G1/08—Electrical details
- H05G1/26—Measuring, controlling or protecting
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
- H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
- H05G1/08—Electrical details
- H05G1/26—Measuring, controlling or protecting
- H05G1/265—Measurements of current, voltage or power
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
- H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
- H05G1/08—Electrical details
- H05G1/26—Measuring, controlling or protecting
- H05G1/30—Controlling
- H05G1/32—Supply voltage of the X-ray apparatus or tube
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
- H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
- H05G1/08—Electrical details
- H05G1/26—Measuring, controlling or protecting
- H05G1/54—Protecting or lifetime prediction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
- H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
- H05G1/08—Electrical details
- H05G1/56—Switching-on; Switching-off
Abstract
The invention provides a control system and a control method of an X-ray tube and X-ray imaging equipment, wherein the system comprises the following components: the upper computer is used for outputting the operation parameters of the X-ray tube; a driving module for driving the X-ray tube; and the controller is used for controlling the driving module to start the X-ray tube and controlling the operation of the X-ray tube according to the operation parameters when the X-ray tube is started. The invention can accurately control the driving time sequence of the X-ray tube, can carry out visual setting through the upper computer, is greatly convenient for production, debugging and user use, and can be compatible with normal operation of various X-ray tubes in different working modes, and has good compatibility and strong applicability.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of X-ray tube control technologies, and in particular, to a control system and method for an X-ray tube, and an X-ray imaging device.
Background
The rotary anode type X-ray tube needs the anode target surface to reach a certain speed according to a certain time sequence when in operation, maintains stable rotation, and needs to stop rotating rapidly when in operation.
At present, the control scheme for the rotary anode type X-ray tube is mainly realized by adopting an analog device, and the anode target surface speed regulation of the X-ray tube is mainly realized by adopting a phase shift control mode. Thus, the current control scheme suffers from the following drawbacks:
1. the change of the external environment temperature can seriously influence the working stability of the simulation device, so that the consistency is poor;
2, the driving time sequence of the X-ray tube is complicated in control and inaccurate in time, and the production and the debugging are very inconvenient;
3. the applicability of the analog circuit control mode is narrow, and one control circuit cannot meet the normal operation of multiple ray tubes in multiple working modes;
and 4. The X-ray tube driving mode can generate higher harmonic waves to cause the distortion of the voltage waveform of the power grid, and the normal operation of other power utilization parts and system communication is seriously affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the above technical problems.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a control system for an X-ray tube, which can precisely control a driving time sequence of the X-ray tube, can perform visual setting through an upper computer, is greatly convenient for production and debugging and user use, and is compatible with normal operation of a plurality of types of X-ray tubes in different working modes, and has good compatibility and strong applicability.
Another object of the present invention is to propose an X-ray imaging device.
A third object of the present invention is to provide a control method of an X-ray tube.
To achieve the above object, an embodiment of a first aspect of the present invention provides a control system for an X-ray tube, including: the upper computer is used for outputting the operation parameters of the X-ray tube; a driving module for driving the X-ray tube; and the controller is used for controlling the driving module to start the X-ray tube and controlling the operation of the X-ray tube according to the operation parameters when the X-ray tube is started.
In addition, the control system of the X-ray tube according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
in some examples, further comprising: the zero-crossing detection module is used for carrying out zero-crossing detection on the voltage of the power supply and outputting pulse signals at each zero-crossing point; the controller controls the driving module to start the X-ray tube in each driving period, wherein the driving period comprises a first preset number of pulse signals, and two adjacent driving periods are separated by a second preset number of pulse signals.
In some examples, the controller controls the drive module to activate the X-ray tube in each drive cycle by way of zero-crossing work, comprising: and in the driving period, the X-ray tube is connected with the power supply, the working voltage of the X-ray tube is kept in a complete power supply alternating current period in the driving period, the X-ray tube is controlled to be disconnected with the power supply in the non-driving period, and the X-ray tube is made to run by inertia until the next driving period, and then the X-ray tube is connected with the power supply again.
In some examples, the operating parameters include: the system further comprises a target rotation degree and a stall time of an anode target surface of the X-ray tube: the X-ray tube auxiliary module comprises a coil and a starting capacitor; the X-ray tube auxiliary module is connected with the controller, and the controller is used for controlling the current of the coil according to the operation parameters, so that the anode target surface of the X-ray tube reaches the target rotating speed within the preset time, and the target speed is maintained to operate before the stopping time is reached.
In some examples, further comprising: the X-ray tube stopping module is used for outputting direct-current voltage; and the controller is used for controlling the shutdown module of the X-ray tube to be conducted with the auxiliary module of the X-ray tube when the X-ray tube reaches the stall time so as to output direct current voltage to the coil and cause the anode target surface of the X-ray tube to stall.
In some examples, further comprising: the monitoring module is used for monitoring the running state of the X-ray tube in real time and feeding back the monitored running state data of the X-ray tube to the controller; the controller is used for performing closed-loop control on the X-ray tube according to the operation state data.
In some examples, the controller is further configured to control the X-ray tube to stop rotating when the monitoring module monitors that an abnormality occurs in an operation state of the X-ray tube, and feed back an X-ray tube abnormality signal to the upper computer.
In some examples, the controller is further configured to upload operational status data of the X-ray tube to the host computer; the upper computer is used for displaying the running state data of the X-ray tube through a display interface.
According to the control system of the X-ray tube, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the driving time sequence of the X-ray tube can be accurately controlled by adopting a digital control mode through the high-frequency controller, and the stability and consistency are good; visual setting can be carried out through the upper computer, so that the production, the debugging and the use by a user are greatly facilitated; the system is compatible with normal operation of various ray tubes in different working modes, has good compatibility and diversified control modes, can meet the normal operation of various ray tubes in various working modes, and has strong applicability; the speed regulation of the anode target surface adopts a zero-crossing power regulation mode, thereby reducing the generation of higher harmonic waves, not interfering with the communication of a system, stabilizing the rotation speed of the anode target surface and improving the safety; the rapid stopping of the anode target surface can be realized, the abrasion of the X-ray tube caused by rotation is reduced, and the service life of the X-ray tube is prolonged.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of a second aspect of the present invention proposes an X-ray imaging apparatus including the control system of an X-ray tube according to the above embodiment of the present invention.
According to the X-ray imaging equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention, the driving time sequence of the X-ray tube can be accurately controlled by adopting a digital control mode through the high-frequency controller, and the X-ray imaging equipment is good in stability and consistency; visual setting can be carried out through the upper computer, so that the production, the debugging and the use by a user are greatly facilitated; the device can be compatible with normal operation of various ray tubes in different working modes, has good compatibility and diversified control modes, can meet the normal operation of various ray tubes in various working modes, and has strong applicability; the speed regulation of the anode target surface adopts a zero-crossing power regulation mode, thereby reducing the generation of higher harmonic waves, not interfering with the communication of a system, stabilizing the rotation speed of the anode target surface and improving the safety; the rapid stopping of the anode target surface can be realized, the abrasion of the X-ray tube caused by rotation is reduced, and the service life of the X-ray tube is prolonged.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of a third aspect of the present invention provides a control method of an X-ray tube, including the steps of: inputting an operating parameter of the X-ray tube; and controlling the driving module to start the X-ray tube, and controlling the X-ray tube to operate according to the operation parameters when the X-ray tube is started.
In addition, the control method of the X-ray tube according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
in some examples, further comprising: zero crossing detection is carried out on the voltage of the power supply, and pulse signals are output at each zero crossing point; and controlling a driving module to start the X-ray tube in each driving period, wherein the driving period comprises a first preset number of pulse signals, and two adjacent driving periods are separated by a second preset number of pulse signals.
In some examples, controlling the drive module to activate the X-ray tube in each drive cycle by way of zero-crossing work includes: and in the driving period, the X-ray tube is connected with the power supply, the working voltage of the X-ray tube is kept in a complete power supply alternating current period in the driving period, the X-ray tube is controlled to be disconnected with the power supply in the non-driving period, and the X-ray tube is made to run by inertia until the next driving period, and then the X-ray tube is connected with the power supply again.
In some examples, the operating parameters include: the method further comprises the steps of: and controlling the current of the coil according to the operation parameters, so that the anode target surface of the X-ray tube reaches the target rotating speed within a preset time, and maintaining the target speed to operate before reaching the stall time.
In some examples, further comprising: and outputting a direct current voltage to the coil when the X-ray tube reaches the stall time, so that the anode target surface of the X-ray tube is stalled.
In some examples, further comprising: monitoring the running state of the X-ray tube in real time, and feeding back the monitored running state data of the X-ray tube; and performing closed-loop control on the X-ray tube according to the running state data.
In some examples, further comprising: when the abnormal running state of the X-ray tube is monitored, the X-ray tube is controlled to stop rotating, and an abnormal rotation signal of the X-ray tube is fed back to the upper computer.
According to the control method of the X-ray tube, the high-frequency controller adopts a digital control mode, so that the driving time sequence of the X-ray tube can be accurately controlled, and the stability and consistency are good; visual setting can be carried out through the upper computer, so that the production, the debugging and the use by a user are greatly facilitated; the device can be compatible with normal operation of various ray tubes in different working modes, has good compatibility and diversified control modes, can meet the normal operation of various ray tubes in various working modes, and has strong applicability; the speed regulation of the anode target surface adopts a zero-crossing power regulation mode, thereby reducing the generation of higher harmonic waves, not interfering with the communication of a system, stabilizing the rotation speed of the anode target surface and improving the safety; the rapid stopping of the anode target surface can be realized, the abrasion of the X-ray tube caused by rotation is reduced, and the service life of the X-ray tube is prolonged.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent and may be better understood from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
fig. 1 is a block diagram of a control system of an X-ray tube according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is an overall schematic diagram of a control system for an X-ray tube according to another embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a waveform schematic diagram of relevant signals in a control system of an X-ray tube according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a monitoring module according to one embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the control principle of the control system of the X-ray tube according to one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flowchart of a control method of an X-ray tube according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
A control system and method of an X-ray tube, an X-ray imaging apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a control system of an X-ray tube according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the control system 100 of the X-ray tube includes: the host computer 11, the driving module 16 and the controller 14. The controller 14 may be, for example, a single-chip microcomputer. The X-ray tube 17 is, for example, a rotary anode type X-ray tube.
Specifically, the host computer 11 is configured to output an operation parameter of the X-ray tube 17. Specifically, the upper computer 11 includes a man-machine interface, for example, and can send different irradiation control commands according to different requirements of a user and display the system operation condition, where the irradiation control commands include, for example, operation parameters of the X-ray tube 17 corresponding to different irradiation modes. Different illumination modes such as a photographing mode and a perspective mode under different radiation tubes, etc.
The driving module 16 is used for driving the X-ray tube 17. As shown in connection with fig. 2, the driving module 16 drives the X-ray tube 17, for example, by controlling the switch K2, the X-ray tube 17 is started when the switch K2 is closed, and the X-ray tube 17 is closed when the switch K2 is opened.
The controller 14 is used for controlling the driving module 16 to start the X-ray tube 17, and controlling the X-ray tube 17 to operate according to the operation parameters when the X-ray tube 17 is started. I.e. after turning on the X-ray tube 17, the operation of the X-ray tube 17 is controlled in accordance with the operation parameters.
Specifically, the user sets the operation parameters through the man-machine interface of the upper computer 11, and sends the operation parameters to the controller 14 (such as a singlechip) through the serial port RS 485. Meanwhile, the upper computer 11 may also issue control commands such as: the X-ray irradiation command is mainly divided into a photographing mode and a perspective mode under different ray tubes; an X-ray irradiation stop command; an X-ray tube anode rotation stop command, etc.
In one embodiment of the invention, as shown in FIG. 2, the system 100 further includes a zero crossing detection module 13. The zero-crossing detection module 13 is configured to perform zero-crossing detection on the voltage of the power supply 12, and output a pulse signal at each zero-crossing point. Specifically, the zero-crossing detection module 13 detects positive and negative zero-crossing of the voltage of the power supply 12 (such as 220VAC power supply), after the zero-crossing detection module 13 turns on the power supply 12, the voltage of the power supply 12 is reduced from 220V to 12V through the step-down transformer, and then when the voltage of the 12VAC power supply after the step-down is zero-crossing each time, the zero-crossing detection module 13 generates a pulse signal and transmits the pulse signal to the controller 14. Therefore, the zero-crossing detection module 13 can monitor the running state of the power supply 12 in real time, and system instability caused by power grid voltage fluctuation is avoided. The controller 14 controls the drive module 16 to activate the X-ray tube 17 in each drive cycle, wherein the drive cycle comprises a first preset number of pulse signals, and two adjacent drive cycles are separated by a second preset number of pulse signals.
As shown in fig. 3, 21 is a voltage waveform of the power supply 12, and the power supply 12 is, for example, a 220VAC power supply. Reference numeral 22 denotes a pulse signal waveform outputted from the zero-crossing detection module 13, 23 denotes a waveform of the driving module 16 controlled by the controller 14, and 24 denotes an operating voltage waveform of the X-ray tube 17. The power supply 12 supplies power to the entire system 100, and supplies power to the different parts of the system through a switch K1, wherein the switch K1 is controlled by the controller 14. The zero-crossing detection module 13 is configured to perform zero-crossing detection on the voltage of the power supply 12, and obtain a pulse signal and transmit the pulse signal to the controller 14 for data processing. The controller 14 amplifies the pulse signal obtained by the zero crossing detection module 13 according to the control command of the upper computer 11 through the driving module 16 to control the bidirectional thyristor K2, so that the anode target surface of the X-ray tube 17 can stably rotate after reaching a certain speed quickly.
That is, when the zero crossing detection module 13 detects a zero crossing of the voltage, a pulse signal is output, and the controller 14 counts the pulse signals, and determines the driving period, for example, sequentially counts, taking a first preset number (5 as shown in fig. 2) of pulse signal intervals as one driving period, then taking a second preset number (1 as shown in fig. 2) of pulse signal intervals adjacent to the first preset number as a non-driving period, and then taking the first preset number of pulse signal intervals adjacent to the non-driving period as another driving period, and so on. After determining the drive period, the controller 14 controls the drive module 16 to activate the X-ray tube 17 during the drive period and to deactivate the X-ray tube 17 during the non-drive period. As shown in connection with fig. 2, i.e. during the drive period, the drive module 16 controls K2 to be closed to activate the X-ray tube 17, and during the non-drive period, the drive module 16 controls K2 to be opened to deactivate the X-ray tube 17.
Specifically, the controller 14 controls the driving module 16 to start the X-ray tube 17 in each driving period by means of zero-crossing work adjustment, and includes: in the driving period, the X-ray tube 17 is connected with the power supply 12, the working voltage of the X-ray tube 17 is kept in a complete alternating current period of the power supply 12 in the driving period, the X-ray tube 17 is controlled to be disconnected from the power supply 12 in the non-driving period, and the X-ray tube 17 is made to run by inertia until the next driving period, and the X-ray tube 17 is connected with the power supply 12 again. In other words, during one working cycle of the X-ray tube 17 (including on and off of the X-ray tube 17 and the 220VAC power supply (i.e. the power supply 12)), according to the feedback information of the zero-crossing detection module 13, it is ensured that the X-ray tube 17 and the 220VAC power supply are turned on when the 220VAC power supply voltage crosses zero, and that the working voltage of the X-ray tube 17 is a complete 220VAC power supply alternating current cycle (i.e. a driving cycle) during the on time, and then the X-ray tube 17 and the 220VAC power supply are turned off (i.e. enter a non-driving cycle), and the X-ray tube 17 runs by inertia until the next working cycle. Thus, the output power is regulated and stabilized by controlling the number of alternating current cycles of the complete 220VAC power supply to be connected in one working cycle, and the normal rotating speed of the X-ray tube 17 is reached and maintained. As shown in fig. 3, the operating voltage waveform 24 is a complete sine wave when the X-ray tube 17 is powered on with 220 VAC. By the mode, the bidirectional thyristor K2 can be conducted at the voltage zero point, the defect that the normal operation of other parts of the system is interfered by high-order harmonic waves easily generated at the moment when the bidirectional thyristor K2 is conducted in a phase-shifting control mode is overcome, and the other parts of the system and the X-ray tube 17 can stably operate.
In one embodiment of the invention, the operating parameters include, for example: target rotation and stall time of the anode target surface of the X-ray tube 17. As shown in fig. 2, the system 100 further comprises an X-ray tube assist module 19.
The X-ray tube auxiliary module 19 includes a coil and a start capacitor that rotate the anode target surface of the X-ray tube 17. The X-ray tube auxiliary module 19 is connected to the controller 14, and the controller 14 is configured to control the current of the coil according to the operation parameter, so that the anode target surface of the X-ray tube 17 reaches the target rotation speed within a preset time, and maintain the target rotation speed before reaching the dead time. That is, by adjusting the current of the coil, the anode target surface of the X-ray tube 17 is made to rapidly reach the required target rotation speed in a short time, and the target speed operation is maintained before the dead time is reached, that is, the stable and safe operation of the X-ray tube 17 is ensured.
In one embodiment of the invention, as shown in FIG. 2, an X-ray tube shutdown module 15 is also included.
The X-ray tube shutdown module 15 is used for outputting a direct current voltage; the controller 14 is used for controlling the X-ray tube stopping module 15 to be conducted with the X-ray tube auxiliary module 19 when the X-ray tube 17 reaches the stopping time so as to output a direct current voltage to the coil and stop the anode target surface of the X-ray tube 17. Specifically, the X-ray tube shutdown module 15 is configured to quickly stop the anode target surface of the X-ray tube 17 after the irradiation operation is completed, reduce wear of the X-ray tube 17 due to rotation, and improve the service life of the X-ray tube 17. The X-ray tube shutdown module 15 may include a dc voltage source for outputting a dc voltage, and is operated by the controller 14 controlling the switch K1 to be turned on when the system is shut down when the system is completed, so that the coil of the auxiliary module 19 is connected to the dc power source, and the coil is closed to generate a stable dc power, so that a stable stationary magnetic field is generated inside the coil. According to the theory of electromagnetic field, the static magnetic field can prevent the rotation of the anode target surface, so that the anode target surface can be quickly stopped. It should be noted that in different modes, the rotation speed of the anode target surface is different, and the required stopping time is also different, which can be controlled by the controller 14 according to actual requirements.
In one embodiment of the invention, as shown in FIG. 2, a monitoring module 18 is also included. The monitoring module 18 is configured to monitor an operation state of the X-ray tube 17 in real time, and feed back the monitored operation state data of the X-ray tube 17 to the controller 14; the controller 14 is configured to perform closed-loop control on the X-ray tube 17 according to the operation state data, so as to ensure stable and safe operation of the X-ray tube 17 according to the monitoring data.
Further, the controller 14 is further configured to control the X-ray tube 17 to stop rotating when the monitoring module 18 monitors that an abnormal operation state of the X-ray tube 17 occurs, and feed back an abnormal signal of the X-ray tube 17 to the upper computer 11, so that a user can learn abnormal information in time through the upper computer 11, and process and maintain the abnormal information in time, thereby improving safety and reliability of the system.
Further, the controller 14 is further configured to upload the operation state data of the X-ray tube 17 to the host computer 11; the upper computer 11 is used for displaying the operation state data of the X-ray tube 17 through a display interface, so that a user can conveniently check the operation state data of the X-ray tube 17 at any time and know the operation state of the X-ray tube 17 in time. Specifically, the controller 14 may transmit the operation state data to the upper computer 11 through the serial port RS485, where the operation state data may include: the operating state of the X-ray tube 17, the operating current and operating voltage of the X-ray tube 17, the operating temperature of the X-ray tube 17, the running time statistics of the X-ray tube 17, etc.
In one embodiment, the internal structure of the monitoring module 18 is as shown in fig. 4, the ac current of the coil of the auxiliary X-ray tube module 19 is first sampled by the current transformer module 181, then the ac current signal is converted into a dc voltage signal with a certain frequency by the current conversion module 182, then the dc voltage signal is amplified by the operational amplifier module 183 and is used as the input of the repeatable triggering monostable trigger module 184, the working voltage of the X-ray tube 17 is obtained by the processing of the repeatable triggering monostable trigger module 184, and is sent to the controller 14. Likewise, other operating state data such as the operating current of the X-ray tube 17 may be obtained in a similar manner to that described above. Further, the controller 14 can control the operation state data of the X-ray tube 17 to form a closed loop control so that the X-ray tube 17 can be operated safely and stably. In the process, if the running state of the X-ray tube 17 is monitored to be abnormal, the controller 14 controls the X-ray tube 17 to stop rotating, and feeds back an abnormal signal of the rotation of the X-ray tube to the upper computer 11.
In other words, the principle of operation of the system 100 is summarized as: the controller 14 controls the on and off of the bidirectional thyristor switch K2 through controlling the driving module 16 according to the irradiation control command (including the corresponding operation parameters under different irradiation modes) of the upper computer and the pulse signals output by the zero-crossing detection module 13, so that the X-ray tube 17 is normally started to operate according to a certain time sequence, and the specific working flow is shown in figure 5. Specifically, referring to fig. 5, the controller 14 receives the irradiation control command transmitted by the host computer 11, for example, the irradiation control command includes the corresponding operation parameters of the X-ray tube in different irradiation modes, and mainly includes the target speed of the operation of the X-ray tube 17, the operation time of the X-ray tube 17, and the stall time of the X-ray tube 17. When the controller 14 receives the set operation parameters, the driving module 16 is controlled to control the triac K2 to enable the anode target surface of the X-ray tube 17 to reach the target rotation speed required in different irradiation modes. Further, the controller 14 receives the control program of the X-ray tube irradiation command when the X-ray tube 17 has reached the required target rotation speed, and controls the triac K2 to maintain the anode target surface to rotate stably at the target rotation speed through the driving module 16 according to the feedback information of the zero-crossing detection module 13 during irradiation. When the irradiation of the X-ray tube 17 is completed, the X-ray tube 17 must be stopped quickly in order to reduce the life of the X-ray tube 17 due to abrasion caused by high-speed rotation. Thus, the anode target surface of the X-ray tube 17 is rapidly stopped by the X-ray tube stop module 15. The stall time at different rotational speeds is different, and the time is controlled by the controller 14 according to the requirement.
The control system 100 of the X-ray tube according to the embodiment of the present invention does not use conventional phase shift control for driving the triac K2, but uses a zero-crossing power adjustment method. That is, during one operation cycle of the X-ray tube 17 (including on and off of the X-ray tube 17 and the 220VAC power supply (i.e., the power supply 12)), the X-ray tube 17 and the 220VAC power supply are ensured to be turned on at the zero crossing point of the 220VAC power supply voltage according to the feedback information of the zero-crossing detection module 13, and the operation voltage of the X-ray tube 17 is ensured to be a complete 220VAC power supply alternating current cycle (i.e., a driving cycle) during the on time, then the X-ray tube 17 and the 220VAC power supply are turned off (i.e., enter a non-driving cycle), and the X-ray tube 17 runs by inertia until the next operation cycle. Thus, the output power is regulated and stabilized by controlling the number of alternating current cycles of the complete 220VAC power supply to be connected in one working cycle, and the normal rotating speed of the X-ray tube 17 is reached and maintained. As shown in fig. 3, the operating voltage waveform 24 is a complete sine wave when the X-ray tube 17 is powered on with 220 VAC. By the mode, the bidirectional thyristor K2 can be conducted at the voltage zero point, the defect that the normal operation of other parts of the system is interfered by high-order harmonic waves easily generated at the moment when the bidirectional thyristor K2 is conducted in a phase-shifting control mode is overcome, and the other parts of the system and the X-ray tube 17 can stably operate.
According to the control system of the X-ray tube, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the driving time sequence of the X-ray tube can be accurately controlled by adopting a digital control mode through the high-frequency controller, and the stability and consistency are good; visual setting can be carried out through the upper computer, so that the production, the debugging and the use by a user are greatly facilitated; the system is compatible with normal operation of various ray tubes in different working modes, has good compatibility and diversified control modes, can meet the normal operation of various ray tubes in various working modes, and has strong applicability; the speed regulation of the anode target surface adopts a zero-crossing power regulation mode, thereby reducing the generation of higher harmonic waves, not interfering with the communication of a system, stabilizing the rotation speed of the anode target surface and improving the safety; the rapid stopping of the anode target surface can be realized, the abrasion of the X-ray tube caused by rotation is reduced, and the service life of the X-ray tube is prolonged.
A further embodiment of the invention proposes an X-ray imaging device comprising a control system for an X-ray tube according to any of the above-described embodiments of the invention.
According to the X-ray imaging equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention, the driving time sequence of the X-ray tube can be accurately controlled by adopting a digital control mode through the high-frequency controller, and the X-ray imaging equipment is good in stability and consistency; visual setting can be carried out through the upper computer, so that the production, the debugging and the use by a user are greatly facilitated; the device can be compatible with normal operation of various ray tubes in different working modes, has good compatibility and diversified control modes, can meet the normal operation of various ray tubes in various working modes, and has strong applicability; the speed regulation of the anode target surface adopts a zero-crossing power regulation mode, thereby reducing the generation of higher harmonic waves, not interfering with the communication of a system, stabilizing the rotation speed of the anode target surface and improving the safety; the rapid stopping of the anode target surface can be realized, the abrasion of the X-ray tube caused by rotation is reduced, and the service life of the X-ray tube is prolonged.
Further embodiments of the present invention provide a method for controlling an X-ray tube.
Fig. 6 is a flowchart of a control method of an X-ray tube according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 6, the method comprises the steps of:
step S1: the operating parameters of the X-ray tube are entered. Specifically, the operation parameters of the X-ray tube can be input through the host computer. The upper computer comprises a man-machine interaction interface, and can send different irradiation control commands according to different requirements of a user and display the running condition of the system, wherein the irradiation control commands comprise the running parameters of corresponding X-ray tubes in different irradiation modes. Different illumination modes such as a photographing mode and a perspective mode under different radiation tubes, etc.
Step S2: the control driving module starts the X-ray tube, and controls the operation of the X-ray tube according to the operation parameters when the X-ray tube is started.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the method further comprises: zero crossing detection is carried out on the voltage of the power supply, and pulse signals are output at each zero crossing point; the driving module is controlled to start the X-ray tube in each driving period, wherein the driving period comprises a first preset number of pulse signals, and two adjacent driving periods are separated by a second preset number of pulse signals.
Specifically, the zero-crossing detection module can be used for detecting positive and negative zero crossings of the voltage of a power supply (such as a 220VAC power supply), after the zero-crossing detection module is connected with the power supply, the voltage of the power supply is reduced from 220V to 12V through a step-down transformer, and then when the voltage of the 12VAC power supply after step-down is zero-crossing every time, the zero-crossing detection module can generate a pulse signal. Therefore, the running state of the power supply can be monitored in real time through the zero-crossing detection module, and unstable system caused by fluctuation of power grid voltage is avoided.
That is, when the zero crossing detection module detects a zero crossing of the voltage, a pulse signal is output, and then the pulse signal is counted, and the driving period is determined, for example, counting sequentially, wherein a first preset number of pulse signal intervals are taken as one driving period, then a second preset number of pulse signal intervals adjacent to the first preset number of pulse signal intervals are taken as non-driving periods, the first preset number of pulse signal intervals adjacent to the non-driving periods are taken as another driving period, and so on. After the drive period is determined, the drive module is controlled to start the X-ray tube in the drive period and not to start the X-ray tube in the non-drive period.
Specifically, the driving module is controlled to start the X-ray tube in each driving period by a zero-crossing work adjusting mode, and the method comprises the following steps: in the driving period, the X-ray tube is connected with the power supply, the working voltage of the X-ray tube is kept in a complete alternating current period of the power supply in the driving period, the X-ray tube is controlled to be disconnected with the power supply in the non-driving period, and the X-ray tube is made to be connected with the power supply again until the next driving period by means of inertia operation. In other words, in one working period of the X-ray tube (including the connection and disconnection of the X-ray tube and the 220VAC power supply), the X-ray tube and the 220VAC power supply are connected when the 220VAC power supply voltage crosses the zero point according to the feedback information of the zero-crossing detection module, the working voltage of the X-ray tube is ensured to be a complete 220VAC power supply alternating current period (i.e. a driving period) in the on time, then the X-ray tube and the 220VAC power supply are disconnected (i.e. enter a non-driving period), and the X-ray tube runs by inertia until the next working period. Thus, the output power is regulated and stabilized by controlling the number of alternating current cycles of a complete 220VAC power supply to be connected in one working cycle, and the normal rotating speed of the X-ray tube is reached and maintained. Therefore, the bidirectional thyristor switch can be conducted in the voltage zero point in the mode, the defect that the normal operation of other parts of the system is interfered by high-order harmonic waves easily generated when the bidirectional thyristor switch is conducted in the phase-shifting control mode is overcome, and other parts of the system and the X-ray tube can stably operate.
In one embodiment of the invention, the operating parameters include: the method further comprises the steps of: and controlling the current of the coil according to the operation parameters, so that the anode target surface of the X-ray tube reaches the target rotating speed in the preset time, and maintaining the target speed to operate before the stopping time is reached. Specifically, the anode target surface of the X-ray tube is rotated through the coil and the starting capacitor, the current of the coil is regulated, the anode target surface of the X-ray tube rapidly reaches the required target rotating speed in a short time, and the target speed is maintained to operate before the stopping time is reached, so that the stable and safe operation of the X-ray tube is ensured.
In one embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises: when the X-ray tube reaches the stall time, a DC voltage is output to the coil to stall the anode target surface of the X-ray tube. Specifically, in order to make the anode target surface of the X-ray tube stop rapidly after finishing the irradiation work, reduce the abrasion of the X-ray tube caused by rotation, improve the service life of the X-ray tube, a DC voltage source can be arranged for outputting DC voltage, when the system finishes irradiation and needs to stop, the control coil is connected with the DC power supply, and the coil is closed to generate a stable DC power, so that a stable static magnetic field is generated inside the coil. According to the theory of electromagnetic field, the static magnetic field can prevent the rotation of the anode target surface, so that the anode target surface can be quickly stopped. It should be noted that in different modes, the rotation speed of the anode target surface is different, and the required stopping time is also different, which can be controlled according to actual requirements.
In one embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises: monitoring the running state of the X-ray tube in real time, and feeding back the monitored running state data of the X-ray tube; and performing closed-loop control on the X-ray tube according to the operation state data, so as to ensure that the X-ray tube can stably and safely operate according to the monitoring data.
In one embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises: when the running state of the X-ray tube is monitored to be abnormal, the X-ray tube is controlled to stop running, and a rotating abnormal signal of the X-ray tube is fed back to the upper computer, so that a user can conveniently learn abnormal information in time through the upper computer, and the abnormal information can be processed and maintained in time, and the safety and reliability of the system are improved.
Further, the method further comprises: uploading the running state data of the X-ray tube to an upper computer; so that the upper computer displays the running state data of the X-ray tube through the display interface, thereby facilitating the user to check the running state data of the X-ray tube at any time and know the running state of the X-ray tube in time. The operational status data may include: the operating state of the X-ray tube, the operating current and operating voltage of the X-ray tube, the operating temperature of the X-ray tube, the running time statistics of the X-ray tube, etc.
It should be noted that, the specific implementation manner of the control method of the X-ray tube according to the embodiment of the present invention is similar to the specific implementation manner of the control system of the X-ray tube according to the embodiment of the present invention, please refer to the description of the system portion specifically, and in order to reduce redundancy, a detailed description is omitted here.
According to the control method of the X-ray tube, the high-frequency controller adopts a digital control mode, so that the driving time sequence of the X-ray tube can be accurately controlled, and the stability and consistency are good; visual setting can be carried out through the upper computer, so that the production, the debugging and the use by a user are greatly facilitated; the device can be compatible with normal operation of various ray tubes in different working modes, has good compatibility and diversified control modes, can meet the normal operation of various ray tubes in various working modes, and has strong applicability; the speed regulation of the anode target surface adopts a zero-crossing power regulation mode, thereby reducing the generation of higher harmonic waves, not interfering with the communication of a system, stabilizing the rotation speed of the anode target surface and improving the safety; the rapid stopping of the anode target surface can be realized, the abrasion of the X-ray tube caused by rotation is reduced, and the service life of the X-ray tube is prolonged.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (12)
1. A control system for an X-ray tube, comprising:
the upper computer is used for outputting the operation parameters of the X-ray tube;
a driving module for driving the X-ray tube;
the controller is used for controlling the bidirectional thyristor switch K2 through the driving module, starting the X-ray tube and controlling the operation of the X-ray tube according to the operation parameters when the X-ray tube is started; the controller is a singlechip;
further comprises:
the zero-crossing detection module is used for carrying out zero-crossing detection on the voltage of the power supply and outputting pulse signals at each zero-crossing point;
the controller controls the driving module to start the X-ray tube in each driving period, wherein,
the driving periods comprise a first preset number of pulse signals, and two adjacent driving periods are separated by a second preset number of pulse signals;
the controller controls the driving module to start the X-ray tube in each driving period in a zero-crossing work adjusting mode, and the X-ray tube comprises:
and in the driving period, the X-ray tube is connected with the power supply, the working voltage of the X-ray tube is kept in a complete power supply alternating current period in the driving period, the X-ray tube is controlled to be disconnected with the power supply in the non-driving period, and the X-ray tube is made to run by inertia until the next driving period, and then the X-ray tube is connected with the power supply again.
2. The control system of an X-ray tube according to claim 1, wherein the operating parameters include: a target rotational speed and stall time for an anode target of an X-ray tube, the system further comprising:
the X-ray tube auxiliary module comprises a coil and a starting capacitor;
the X-ray tube auxiliary module is connected with the controller, and the controller is used for controlling the current of the coil according to the operation parameters, so that the anode target surface of the X-ray tube reaches the target rotating speed within the preset time, and the target rotating speed is maintained to operate before the stopping time is reached.
3. The control system of an X-ray tube according to claim 2, further comprising:
the X-ray tube stopping module is used for outputting direct-current voltage;
and the controller is used for controlling the shutdown module of the X-ray tube to be conducted with the auxiliary module of the X-ray tube when the X-ray tube reaches the stall time so as to output direct current voltage to the coil and cause the anode target surface of the X-ray tube to stall.
4. A control system for an X-ray tube according to any one of claims 1-3, further comprising:
the monitoring module is used for monitoring the running state of the X-ray tube in real time and feeding back the monitored running state data of the X-ray tube to the controller;
the controller is used for performing closed-loop control on the X-ray tube according to the operation state data.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the controller is further configured to control the X-ray tube to stop rotating and to feed back an X-ray tube abnormality signal to the host computer when the monitoring module detects that an abnormality occurs in an operation state of the X-ray tube.
6. The control system of an X-ray tube according to claim 4, wherein,
the controller is also used for uploading the running state data of the X-ray tube to the upper computer;
the upper computer is used for displaying the running state data of the X-ray tube through a display interface.
7. An X-ray imaging apparatus comprising a control system of an X-ray tube according to any of claims 1-6.
8. A control method of an X-ray tube, the control system of an X-ray tube according to any one of claims 1-6 being adapted to perform said control method, comprising:
inputting an operating parameter of the X-ray tube;
the control driving module starts the X-ray tube, and controls the operation of the X-ray tube according to the operation parameters when the X-ray tube is started;
further comprises:
zero crossing detection is carried out on the voltage of the power supply, and pulse signals are output at each zero crossing point;
a control drive module activates the X-ray tube during each drive cycle, wherein,
the driving periods comprise a first preset number of pulse signals, and two adjacent driving periods are separated by a second preset number of pulse signals;
controlling the driving module to start the X-ray tube in each driving period in a zero-crossing work adjusting mode, and comprising the following steps:
and in the driving period, the X-ray tube is connected with the power supply, the working voltage of the X-ray tube is kept in a complete power supply alternating current period in the driving period, the X-ray tube is controlled to be disconnected with the power supply in the non-driving period, and the X-ray tube is made to run by inertia until the next driving period, and then the X-ray tube is connected with the power supply again.
9. The method of controlling an X-ray tube according to claim 8, wherein the operating parameters include: the method further comprises the steps of:
and controlling the current of the coil according to the operation parameters, so that the anode target surface of the X-ray tube reaches the target rotating speed within a preset time, and maintaining the target rotating speed to operate before reaching the stall time.
10. The method of controlling an X-ray tube according to claim 9, further comprising:
and outputting a direct current voltage to the coil when the X-ray tube reaches the stall time, so that the anode target surface of the X-ray tube is stalled.
11. The method of controlling an X-ray tube according to any one of claims 8 to 10, further comprising:
monitoring the running state of the X-ray tube in real time, and feeding back the monitored running state data of the X-ray tube;
and performing closed-loop control on the X-ray tube according to the running state data.
12. The method of controlling an X-ray tube according to claim 11, further comprising:
when the abnormal running state of the X-ray tube is monitored, the X-ray tube is controlled to stop rotating, and an abnormal rotation signal of the X-ray tube is fed back to the upper computer.
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