CN112037296B - Drawing method of ocean mining area application drawing - Google Patents
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- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims description 13
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- 201000008827 tuberculosis Diseases 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 7
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- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004410 anthocyanin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- YREOLPGEVLLKMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylpyridin-1-ium-2-amine bromide hydrate Chemical compound O.[Br-].Cc1ccc[nH+]c1N YREOLPGEVLLKMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
A method for drawing an ocean mining area application drawing, comprising the steps of: ① Early preparation stage: collecting or updating data for establishing an application geographical database of the ocean mining area, determining a drawing range and a scale, prescribing projection and a coordinate system, making a map symbol library and designing a drawing template; ② Data organization stage: establishing an ocean mining area application geographic database, and combining data according to map subjects; A. establishing a database: importing geographical data, statistical data and text data related to mining area application into a database; B. data combinations, different map subjects corresponding to different data combinations. ③ And (3) mapping: comprises map symbolizing and loading a drawing template; ④ And (3) drawing output: and confirming the final graph content, storing the formed file into an MXD format, and outputting the graph in a PDF or JPG format. The drawing method can simplify drawing flow, improve drawing efficiency and ensure the unification and specification of the application drawing of the ocean mining area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of submarine resource exploration, and particularly relates to a drawing method of an ocean mining area application drawing.
Background
Deep sea has huge space and reserves far from cognition and development on the earth. The application drawing of the ocean mining area relates to a plurality of different topics, the required data types are various, and the data can be updated and the drawing can be modified repeatedly in the writing process, so that the task is heavy, and the construction period is short.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a drawing method of the application drawing of the ocean mining area, which can simplify drawing flow, improve drawing efficiency and ensure the unification and standardization of the application drawing of the ocean mining area.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for drawing an ocean mining area application drawing, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
① Early preparation stage: collecting or updating data for establishing an application geographical database of the ocean mining area, determining a drawing range and a scale, prescribing projection and a coordinate system, making a map symbol library and designing a drawing template;
② Data organization stage: establishing an ocean mining area application geographic database, and combining data according to map subjects;
A. establishing a database: establishing a database according to a specified mathematical basis, and importing geographical data, statistical data and text data related to mining area application into the database;
B. data combinations, different map subjects corresponding to different data combinations.
③ And (3) mapping: comprises map symbolizing and loading a drawing template;
④ And (3) drawing output: and confirming the final graph content, storing the formed file into an MXD format, and outputting the graph in a PDF or JPG format.
Further, the collecting or updating data for establishing the ocean mining area application geographic database in step ① includes basic geographic data and mining area thematic data, the map symbol library production includes design and production of dot symbols, line symbols, plane symbols and corresponding marks, the scale determining drawing range is 150 ° E-163 ° E,16 ° N-24.5 ° N, the scale of the wall map is 1:1700000, the scale of the text wall map is 1:530000, the projection adopts a horizontal axis ink receptacle projection, the central meridian is 156 ° E, and the coordinate system adopts a WGS-84 coordinate system.
Further, the punctuation marks are specified methods of the wall map pieces, and the punctuation marks comprise punctuation mark distribution, inflection points of a planar application mark, geological investigation measuring stations, environment investigation measuring stations, tuberculosis type and abundance distribution, metal element content distribution and specified mark sizes, colors and patterns.
Further, the data of the linear sign in linear or band distribution is represented by linear signs, including planar application area limit, line data, equal depth line, gradient contour line, echo intensity contour line, inferred abundance contour line, and line width, color and pattern of the specified sign.
Further, the surface symbols are in discrete or continuous surface distribution and are expressed by surface symbols, and the surface symbols comprise a surface application area, an equal depth surface, a gradient equivalent surface, an echo intensity equivalent surface, an inferred abundance equivalent surface and a color, grading and filling mode of the symbols.
Further, the marks corresponding to the dot-shaped symbols, the linear symbols and the face-shaped symbols are character marks, and the characters are regulated in fonts, character sizes, colors and arrangement principles.
Further, the drawing template design is to design the drawing, drawing outline, drawing name and other explanatory characters, legends, longitude and latitude net and drawing contents:
a. And (3) drawing: specifying a length and width dimension;
b. drawing profile: specifying a pattern, line width, color and position;
c. drawing names and other descriptive text: specifying a font, a font size, a color and a position;
d. Legend: the line width, the color, the filling color, the position, the font size, the color and the position of the title, the font size, the color, the position and the alignment mode of the symbol mark are specified;
f. Warp and weft net: defining the interval of longitude and latitude, the line width and color of the longitude and latitude, the length, line width, color and position of a scale mark, and the font, font size, color and position of longitude and latitude marks;
g. the accompanying drawings: the drawing range, drawing element, style, color, size, and position are specified.
Further, the different map topics in step ② correspond to different combinations of data:
a. application area boundary and position diagram: water depth data, application area data;
b. Geological survey actual material map: water depth data, geological survey station and survey line data;
c. environmental investigation actual material diagram: water depth data and environmental survey stations;
d. Actual material diagram: water depth data, geological survey stations, environmental survey stations, survey line data;
e. topography: water depth data, application zone boundary data;
f. Three-dimensional topographic map: three-dimensional topographic data, application zone boundary data;
g. Distribution diagram of main metal element content: water depth data and main metal element content distribution data; h. tuberculosis type and abundance map: water depth data, tuberculosis type and abundance distribution data;
i. slope contour plot: gradient data, application zone boundary data;
j. echo intensity contour map: echo intensity data, application zone boundary data;
k. deducing an abundance contour map: deducing abundance data and application area boundary data;
and I, comprehensive evaluation chart: deducing abundance data, average metal content data, application area limit data, and statistics data of the area, abundance and resource quantity of application area blocks.
The invention has the following advantages and positive effects:
1. the invention changes the drawing flow of the application chart of the ocean mining area, puts a large amount of work needing to be manually participated in the early preparation stage to finish, ensures more reasonable time arrangement, sets unified drawing symbol design and finishing design standard, and realizes the standardized production of the application chart for the first time.
2. The drawing of the drawing is based on the ArcGIS platform, and the steps and the flow for manufacturing the drawing on the GIS platform are simplified through automatic map symbolization and standard drawing template file loading, so that repeated work is avoided, the manufacturing efficiency and quality of the application drawing are improved, and the standardized, normalized and rapid manufacturing of the application drawing of the domestic ocean mining area is realized for the first time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the boundaries and locations of zones A and B of a multi-metal nodule application zone drawn by the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes specific embodiments of the present technical solution in detail with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.
The invention provides a drawing method of an application drawing of an ocean mining area, and the drawing method of the application drawing of the ocean mining area is shown in a flow chart of fig. 1.
1. Early preparation stage: and dividing technicians into a data group and a drawing group according to professional ability, wherein the data group is used for collecting or updating data, the mathematical foundation of the drawing is set, and the drawing group is used for map symbol library making and drawing template design work.
① Data collection or updating for establishing an ocean mining area application geographic database:
a. Basic geographic data: water depth data, three-dimensional terrain data;
b. mining area thematic data: application area data, geological survey stations, environmental survey stations, survey line data, gradient data, echo intensity data, multi-metal nodule type and abundance data, multi-metal nodule inferred abundance data, multi-metal nodule main metal content data and mining area metal average content ratio data;
② Mathematical basis setting, determining a drawing range and a scale, and prescribing projection and a coordinate system:
a. Scale bar: determining that the drawing range is 150-163 DEG E, 16-24.5 DEG N, the scale of the wall map is 1:1700000, and the scale of the text illustration map is 1:530000 according to the application area range;
b. Projection: the horizontal axis is projected by the mercator, and the central meridian is 156 degrees E;
c. Coordinate system: WGS-84 coordinate system;
③ Map symbol library production, including design and production of punctuation symbols, linear symbols, face symbols and their corresponding notes, for rapid symbolization of map data:
according to the application, the use modes of the drawing are different, and the drawing is divided into a hanging drawing and a text inserting drawing. The two classes of drawings differ in the size specification of the punctuation marks, the grading of the face marks, and the specification of the lettering size.
A. Dot symbols: the data with smaller on-site distribution area or punctual distribution are represented by punctual symbols, and comprise application area inflection points, geological investigation stations, environment investigation stations, tuberculosis type and abundance distribution and metal element content distribution. Specifying the size, color and style of the symbol;
the above table is a definition of the dot symbol in the wall map. The size of the punctuation marks in the text insert is 70% of the above-mentioned size.
B. Linear symbol: the data in linear or banded distribution is represented by linear symbols, including planar application area boundaries, line data, isodepth lines, gradient contours, echo intensity contours, and inferred abundance contours. Specifying the line width, color and pattern of the symbol;
c. face symbol: the planar distribution is represented by a planar symbol which is discrete or continuous and comprises a planar application area, an equal depth surface, a gradient isosurface, an echo intensity isosurface and an inferred abundance isosurface. Specifying the color, grading and filling modes of the symbol;
The class of the equivalent surface in the wall map is 5-8, and the class of the equivalent surface in the text insert map is 3-8. And grading according to the actual range of the corresponding attribute, keeping the equivalent line interval to be constant, and gradually grading the color. The above symbols are all uniformly filled.
D. and (3) marking: and labeling the characters corresponding to the symbols. Specifying the font, the font size, the color and the placement principle of the characters;
the above table is a specification of the notes in the wall map. The text insert drawing annotation font is subtracted by 2pt on the basis of the above.
④ Drawing template design, namely, designing drawing finishing contents such as drawing, drawing profile, drawing name and other explanatory characters, legend, longitude and latitude net, drawing and the like:
The hanging map drawing template specifies: the dimensions of the graph are 1189mm x 912mm. The outline size of the outline is 1105mm x 765mm, the line width is 3mm, the color CMYK is 0,0,0,100, and the vertical distances between the outline and the upper, lower, left and right peripheral lines of the image are respectively as follows: 92mm, 55mm, 42mm; the inner profile has dimensions 1080mm x 740mm, a line width of 0.2mm, and a color CMYK of 0,0,0,100, with the inner profile aligned centrally with the outer profile. The picture name is marked above the outer picture and aligned with the outer picture centrally, the coordinate system and the projection are marked below the outer picture and aligned with the outer picture leftwards, the scale is marked below the outer picture and aligned with the outer picture centrally, and the programming unit is marked below the outer picture and aligned with the outer picture rightwards; the Chinese characters and English double-row display are carried out, the Chinese characters and the English characters are bold, the English characters and the color CMYK are 0,0,0,100; the name numbers of the drawings are as follows: the Chinese characters 48pt and English 36pt, the coordinate system, projection, scale and compiling unit word size are as follows: chinese 16pt, english 15pt. The color of the frame of the legend CMYK is 0,0,0,100, the line width is 0.2mm, the filling color is CMYK 0, and the filling color is placed on the lower right corner welt in the inner part of the inner figure; the legend title is placed in the middle of the upper position in the frame, the thematic symbol is marked on the right side of the thematic symbol horizontally or the lower side of the thematic symbol is placed in the middle in an aligned manner, the two rows of Chinese and English are displayed, and the colors CMYK are 0,0,0,100; the Chinese fonts and the font sizes of the titles are bold and 16pt respectively, and the English fonts and the font sizes are Times New Roman and 16pt respectively; the Chinese fonts and font sizes of the thematic symbol marks are Song Ti and 12pt respectively, and the English fonts and font sizes are Times New Roman and 10pt respectively. The line width of the warp and weft net is 0.1mm, the color CMYK is 0,0,0,40, the length of the scale line is 2mm, and the character size of the annotation are Arial and 16pt respectively. The scales and marks are displayed externally, and the longitude and latitude intervals are determined according to the drawing range. Drawing size is 240mm x 120mm, frame color CMYK is 0,0,0,100, line width is 0.2mm, filling color CMYK is 0, and the color CMYK is placed on the upper right corner welt inside the inner drawing; the longitude and latitude annotation fonts and the font sizes are Ti mes New Roman and 6pt respectively; the drawing content is a non-contour world map with a fill color CMYK of 5,0,30,0 and a non-fill drawing range rectangular box with a color CMYK of 0,100,100,0 and a line width of 0.5 mm.
Text illustration drawing template provision: the dimensions of the panels are 294 mm x 210mm. The figure has a profile size 230mm x 168mm, a line width of 0.25mm, a color CMYK 0,0,0,100 and is placed in the middle. The name of the graph and the organization are not marked; the fonts, colors and wall map templates of the coordinate system, projection and scale are consistent, chinese and English are displayed side by side, and the font sizes are 8pt. The legend frame and the filling are consistent with the wall map component template, the "legend" title is not displayed, the Chinese fonts and the font sizes marked by thematic symbols are Song Ti and 6pt respectively, the English font sizes are Times New Roman and 6pt respectively, the contour line legend is placed at the right lower part outside the map outline and aligned with the bottom end of the map outline, and other legends are placed at the right lower corner inside the map outline in the legend frame. The longitude and latitude net wires are not displayed, the length of the scale line is 1.8mm, and the character type and the character size of the mark are Ti mes New Roman and 7pt respectively. The scales and marks are displayed externally, the colors CMYK are 0,0,0,100, and the longitude and latitude interval wall map component templates are kept consistent. The drawing dimensions were 100mm 50mm, the others were consistent with the wall map template.
2. Data organization stage: establishing an ocean mining area application geographic database, and combining data according to map subjects;
① Establishing a database: and a database is established according to a specified mathematical basis, and geographical data, statistical data and text data related to the mining area application are imported into the database, so that the data can be stored, managed and called conveniently. The database can add and update data at any time;
② Data combinations, different map subjects corresponding to different data combinations:
a. application area boundary and position diagram: water depth data, application area data;
b. Geological survey actual material map: water depth data, geological survey station and survey line data;
c. environmental investigation actual material diagram: water depth data and environmental survey stations;
d. Actual material diagram: water depth data, geological survey stations, environmental survey stations, survey line data;
e. topography: water depth data, application zone boundary data;
f. Three-dimensional topographic map: three-dimensional topographic data, application zone boundary data;
g. Distribution diagram of main metal element content: water depth data and main metal element content distribution data; h. tuberculosis type and abundance map: water depth data, tuberculosis type and abundance distribution data;
i. slope contour plot: gradient data, application zone boundary data;
j. echo intensity contour map: echo intensity data, application zone boundary data;
k. deducing an abundance contour map: deducing abundance data and application area boundary data;
and I, comprehensive evaluation chart: deducing abundance data, average metal content data, application area limit data, statistical data of the area, abundance and resource quantity of application area blocks;
(3) And (3) mapping: comprises map symbolizing and loading a drawing template;
(4) And (3) drawing output: and confirming the final graph content, storing the formed graph file into an MXD format, outputting the wall map file in a PDF format, and outputting the text plug map file in a JPG format.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (2)
1. A method for drawing an ocean mining area application drawing, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
① Early preparation stage: collecting or updating data for establishing an application geographical database of the ocean mining area, determining a drawing range and a scale, prescribing projection and a coordinate system, making a map symbol library and designing a drawing template;
② Data organization stage: establishing an ocean mining area application geographic database, and combining data according to map subjects;
A. Establishing a database: establishing a database according to a mathematical basis, and importing geographical data, statistical data and text data related to mining area application into the database;
B. Data combinations, wherein different map subjects correspond to different data combinations;
③ And (3) mapping: comprises map symbolizing and loading a drawing template;
④ And (3) drawing output: confirming the final graph content, storing the graph file into an MXD format, and outputting the graph file in a PDF or JPG format;
The collecting or updating data for establishing the ocean mining area application geographic database in step ① comprises basic geographic data and mining area thematic data, the map symbol library production comprises dot symbols, linear symbols, face symbols and corresponding annotation designs and production, the scale determination drawing range is 150 DEG E-163 DEG E,16 DEG N-24.5 DEG N, the scale of the wall map is 1:1700000, the scale of the text wall map is 1:530000, the projection adopts a transverse-axis ink-card-holder projection, the central meridian is 156 DEG E, and the coordinate system adopts a WGS-84 coordinate system;
the punctuation marks are specified methods of wall map pieces, and comprise punctuation application area distribution, inflection points of planar application areas, geological investigation measuring stations, environment investigation measuring stations, tuberculosis type and abundance distribution, metal element content distribution, and specified symbol sizes, colors and patterns
The data of the linear sign in linear or strip distribution is represented by linear signs, and comprises a planar application area limit, a line data, an equal depth line, a gradient contour line, an echo intensity contour line, an inferred abundance contour line, and line width, color and pattern of a specified sign
The surface symbols are in discrete or continuous surface distribution and are expressed by surface symbols, and comprise a surface application area, an equal depth surface, a gradient equivalent surface, an echo intensity equivalent surface and an inferred abundance equivalent surface, and the color, grading and filling modes of the symbols are specified;
the marks corresponding to the punctuation marks, the linear marks and the face marks are character marks, and the characters are regulated in fonts, character sizes, colors and arrangement principles
The drawing template design is to design the drawing, drawing outline, drawing name and other explanatory characters, legend, longitude and latitude net and drawing contents, and comprises the following steps:
a. And (3) drawing: specifying a length and width dimension;
b. drawing profile: specifying a pattern, line width, color and position;
c. drawing names and other descriptive text: specifying a font, a font size, a color and a position;
d. Legend: the line width, the color, the filling color, the position, the font size, the color and the position of the title, the font size, the color, the position and the alignment mode of the symbol mark are specified;
f. Warp and weft net: defining the interval of longitude and latitude, the line width and color of the longitude and latitude, the length, line width, color and position of a scale mark, and the font, font size, color and position of longitude and latitude marks;
g. the accompanying drawings: the drawing range, drawing element, style, color, size, and position are specified.
2. A method of drawing an ocean mining area application graph according to claim 1, wherein: the different map topics described in step ② correspond to different data combinations:
a. application area boundary and position diagram: water depth data, application area data;
b. Geological survey actual material map: water depth data, geological survey station and survey line data;
c. environmental investigation actual material diagram: water depth data and environmental survey stations;
d. Actual material diagram: water depth data, geological survey stations, environmental survey stations, survey line data;
e. topography: water depth data, application zone boundary data;
f. Three-dimensional topographic map: three-dimensional topographic data, application zone boundary data;
g. Distribution diagram of main metal element content: water depth data and main metal element content distribution data;
h. tuberculosis type and abundance map: water depth data, tuberculosis type and abundance distribution data;
i. slope contour plot: gradient data, application zone boundary data;
j. echo intensity contour map: echo intensity data, application zone boundary data;
k. deducing an abundance contour map: deducing abundance data and application area boundary data;
and I, comprehensive evaluation chart: deducing abundance data, average metal content data, application area limit data, and statistics data of the area, abundance and resource quantity of application area blocks.
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