CN112036046B - Typhoon biased wind eye radius calculation method based on ground automatic meteorological station data - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a typhoon biased wind eye radius calculation method based on ground automatic meteorological station data. The method comprises the following steps: screening ground automatic meteorological stations suitable for identifying the radius of the sector with the biased typhoon eye; acquiring the wind speed characteristic point position at the maximum wind speed radius of the typhoon; dividing four sectors of the typhoon wind eye according to the wind speed characteristic point; and calculating the typhoon eye radius of different sectors based on the data and sector division of the ground meteorological station. The identification method utilizes the installed ground automatic meteorological station data in the coverage range of the typhoon path to realize the real-time estimation of the wind eye radius in a short period, can avoid extra investment of a power grid company for coping with a typhoon disaster with small probability and high risk, reduce the equipment cost, further improve the accuracy of wind circle radius identification, basically meet the requirement of a power system on the safety evaluation of a power transmission channel structure in typhoon weather, can quickly calculate high-risk lines, and is suitable for the real-time requirement of disaster prevention and reduction of a power grid department.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to typhoon eye radius identification, in particular to a typhoon biased wind eye radius calculation method based on ground automatic weather station data.
Background
Typhoon, as an extreme natural disaster widely distributed in the southeast coastal areas of China, can cause huge structural damage to the power grid: due to the fact that typhoon has the characteristics of high wind speed, high turbulence and the like, serious faults such as tower collapse, line disconnection and the like can occur to a power transmission line, and in addition, strong rainfall accompanying with typhoon can cause aging and insulation failure of high-voltage equipment, so that an isolated island is generated, and large-scale economic loss is caused. In order to achieve the purpose of reducing economic loss, the power dispatching department needs to perform power system operation safety assessment in typhoon weather in combination with meteorological information.
By analyzing the typhoon model, the maximum wind speed generally appears in the area near the maximum wind speed radius of the typhoon. By combining the failure probability-wind speed model of the transmission tower under the typhoon effect and the actual tower collapse occurrence condition, the position is known to have the most obvious damage to the transmission line. Therefore, the establishment of a reasonable typhoon wind eye radius identification and calculation method has important guiding significance on safe operation of the power system in extreme weather.
For the typhoon eye radius identification problem, researchers have proposed a variety of calculation methods: (1) according to the empirical model, reducing the radii of the wind rings of other wind speed grades to the radius of a wind eye; (2) according to the position air pressure data such as the typhoon center, the sea level and the like, solving the radius of the wind eye ring by solving a more complex air pressure field model; (3) based on actual measurement data such as a ground automatic meteorological station and an empirical model, the radius of the near-ground typhoon wind eye is calculated by using a statistical means. In the methods in the category (1), because the radius of the wind ring with lower wind speed is adopted, the measurement precision is difficult to ensure, and because the radius data of the wind ring with lower wind speed is kept to be a fixed value for a long time, the dynamic characteristic of typhoon is difficult to be well reflected by the wind eye radius converted according to an empirical model; the method (2) performs wind field modeling according to an air pressure model, usually considering asymmetry of air pressure distribution of the wind field, and has high precision. However, the total amount and types of required data are more, and the wind field model often comprises partial differential equation solution, so that the calculation is more complex, and the requirement of real-time power system reaction is difficult to meet; the method (3) utilizes the measured data of the ground automatic meteorological station to calculate, is simple and has higher calculating speed, and can better reflect the near-ground typhoon state and meet the requirement of a power system on the quick data processing compared with the former two methods. However, in the method, the typhoon wind field is set to be an ideal circular wind field, and the circular wind field is not consistent with the bias of the actual wind circle distribution of the typhoon, so that certain errors may exist in the wind circle radius identification after the typhoon approaches the shore.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the current wind eye radius identification method based on ground actual measurement wind speed data, in order to improve the accuracy and efficiency of wind eye radius identification, the invention provides a typhoon biased wind eye radius calculation method based on ground automatic meteorological station data according to the natural characteristic that a typhoon eye is a non-ideal circle but a biased ellipse. The wind eye is divided into four sectors according to different synthetic wind speeds by the algorithm, the maximum wind speed radius of the wind eye of each sector is rapidly identified according to the measured data of the ground meteorological station, and the method can be used for the structural safety assessment of the power grid transmission tower in the coastal region in typhoon weather. Compared with the wind eye radius identification method of an ideal circular wind field only considering typhoon circulating current wind speed, the method can obtain more reasonable and accurate asymmetric typhoon wind eye distribution, can provide an effective tool for wind speed estimation and power system safety risk assessment under the condition of strong typhoon, can quickly calculate high-risk lines, and is suitable for the real-time requirements of disaster prevention and reduction of power grid departments.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: a typhoon windage eye radius calculation method based on ground automatic meteorological station data comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: when the distance between the typhoon center and the land is less than or equal to 50km, the ground automatic weather stations suitable for identifying the sector radius of the biased typhoon eye are screened for identifying the biased typhoon eye radius in the subsequent steps, and the ground automatic weather stations meet the following conditions:
(1) the distance between the ground automatic weather station j and the center of the typhoon is more than 40km and less than 120 km;
(2) forming a set omega at all weather stations satisfying the condition (1) pre Will set omega pre The mesosphere station presses L j Sorting from big to small, and then taking the first 70% of members to form a set omega s ；
(3) In the set omega s Further screening on the basis, the altitude of the automatic meteorological station should be lower than 100m, and the automatic meteorological station is located at the inland open terrain, so that the influence of micro-terrain and sea surface wind is avoided, and the meteorological station meeting the conditions finally forms a meteorological station set omega suitable for being identified by the inclined typhoon eyes f ；
Step two: acquiring the wind speed characteristic point position at the maximum wind speed radius of the typhoon,
according to the vector synthesis relation between typhoon moving wind speed and circulating wind speedThe system obtains vector synthetic wind speed, and according to the amplitude of the synthetic wind speed, wind speed characteristic points at the positions of the wind eye rings are defined into two types: first, typhoon circulation wind speed vector V at wind eye wall R,eye And a traveling wind velocity vector V T,eye Superposing the wind direction and the direction of the wind direction in the same direction or in the opposite direction, and defining the superposed wind direction and the direction as the maximum and minimum synthesized wind speed characteristic points of the typhoon eye; secondly, the amplitude of the synthesized wind speed is the same as the maximum amplitude of the circulation wind speed and is named as an equal circulation wind speed amplitude point, the wind speed characteristic point is the basis of the division of the wind eye sector,
the method for calculating the forward included angle between each wind speed characteristic point and the x axis is as follows:
firstly, calculating the base angle theta of isosceles vector triangle of equal circulation wind speed amplitude point
In the formula: v T,eye Value of 0.7304V 0 ，V 0 The typhoon center moving speed; v 0 And V R,eye The values are provided by the weather department,
and setting the included angle between the typhoon advancing direction and the x-axis forward direction as alpha, and expressing the radian of the included angle between the circulating wind speed vector of the two equal circulating wind speed amplitude points and the x-axis forward direction as follows:
in the formula: beta is a beta 1 、β 2 Respectively mapping the radian of the positive included angle between the circulation wind speed vector and the x axis in the two equal circulation wind speed amplitude points,
the radian of the included angle between each wind speed characteristic point and the positive direction of the x axis is determined by the formulas (1) and (2)
Expressed as:
in the formula:
to ensure generation
The angle is within the interval of 0-360 degrees after the calculation of the formula (3), and the pair
The further processing is as follows:
step three: the typhoon wind eye is divided into four sectors according to the wind speed characteristic point,
according to the included angle value obtained in the second step
Let M 1 To M 4 Is the intersection of sector boundary line and wind eye ring, gamma 1 To gamma 4 Are respectively M 1 To M 4 And the included angle gamma with the positive direction of the x axis meets the following requirements:
obtaining M from equation (5) 1 To M 4 And the included angle between the positive direction of the X axis is divided into 4 sectors:
(1) and (3) region I: gamma ray 1 、γ 4 Less than 180 degrees in the range of central angle, corresponding to high synthetic windA speed feature point, so this zone is a high wind speed zone;
(2) zone II, zone IV: gamma ray 1 、γ 2 And gamma 3 、γ 4 The central angle range is less than 180 degrees, and the central angle range corresponds to B, D equal circulation wind speed amplitude points respectively, so that the area is a middle wind speed area;
(3) and (3) zone III: gamma ray 2 、γ 3 The central angle range is less than 180 degrees, and the characteristic point of low synthetic wind speed is corresponding to the central angle range, so that the area is a low wind speed area;
step four: and calculating the typhoon eye radius of different sectors based on the data and sector division of the ground meteorological station.
According to the meteorological station set omega f Classifying according to the sector area of each automatic weather station to obtain a weather station set omega of the kth sector, k belongs to I, II, III and IV (k) According to the t-time typhoon eye parameter V provided by the meteorological department eye,t And belong to Ω (k) Inner ground meteorological station i actually-measured maximum wind speed V i,t To obtain the typhoon eye radius of sector k
Comprises the following steps:
in the formula: l is i,t The distance between the automatic meteorological station i and the center of the typhoon is t moment; rho i,t The weighting coefficient of the automatic meteorological station i at the moment t is satisfied
The calculation formula is as follows:
defined by equation (7), the closer the ground automated weather station is to the center of the typhoon, its L i,t The smaller the weight coefficient, the larger the weight coefficient, and the same time V eye,t At a definite value, since the I region belongs toIn high wind speed areas, measured V i,t Generally larger, the wind eye radius identified by it
Also generally larger, and zone III eye radius
It is generally smaller and the eye radius in zone II is moderate to that in zone IV.
The invention has the following beneficial effects and advantages:
(1) the identification method utilizes the data of the installed ground automatic meteorological stations in the coverage range of the typhoon path to realize the real-time estimation of the wind eye radius in a short period, can avoid the extra investment of a power grid company for coping with the typhoon disaster with small probability and high risk, and reduces the equipment cost.
(2) Compared with a method for calculating the wind eye radius of the ground meteorological station in an ideal circular wind field, the typhoon biased model divides the typhoon wind ring into 4 sectors with different radii, so that the accuracy of wind ring radius identification is further improved, and the requirement of a power system on the safety evaluation of a power transmission channel structure in typhoon weather can be met.
(3) The modeling process of the model with the partial typhoon four sectors is simple and clear, the calculation speed is higher than that of the calculation of the radius of the wind ring by utilizing a complex typhoon field model, high-risk lines can be calculated quickly, and the method is suitable for the real-time requirement of disaster prevention and reduction of a power grid department. The method can better meet the requirements on rapidity and accuracy in the evaluation and scheduling of the power system, and the identified result can provide certain data reference for the structural safety risk evaluation in the strong typhoon weather in a short period after the offshore and landing, is beneficial to the risk prevention of relevant departments, achieves the aim of reducing social and economic losses, and has engineering practical value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of sector division according to the typhoon-synthesized wind speed;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the steps of the present patent;
FIG. 3 is an exemplary plot of the Molandi typhoon landing path and the wind eye radius at a portion of the time;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the variation of the radius of an identification wind eye of a biased typhoon model with time;
FIG. 5 is a graph comparing the measured wind speed with the theoretical wind speed of some automatic meteorological stations in the embodiment.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
a typhoon windage eye radius calculation method based on ground automatic meteorological station data comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: and screening the ground automatic weather station suitable for identifying the radius of the sector of the biased typhoon eye when the distance between the typhoon center and the land is less than or equal to 50km, and screening the suitable ground automatic weather station for identifying the radius of the biased typhoon eye in the subsequent steps. These automatic weather stations should satisfy the following conditions:
(1) the distance between the ground automatic weather station j and the typhoon center is more than 40km and less than 120km, and the distance range is set mainly in consideration of the fact that the distance between the automatic weather station j and the typhoon center is too close to be easily subjected to strong wind interference, and the distance between the automatic weather station j and the typhoon center is too far to cause too low measured wind speed.
(2) Forming a set omega at all weather stations satisfying the condition (1) pre . Will omega pre The mesosphere station presses L j Sorting from large to small. Taking the first 70% of the members and forming a set omega s 。
(3) At omega s Further screening on the basis, the altitude of the automatic meteorological station is lower than 100m, and is located at the inland open terrain, so that the influence of micro-terrain and sea surface wind is avoided. The meteorological stations meeting the conditions finally form a meteorological station set omega suitable for identifying the deviated typhoon eyes f 。
Step two: obtaining the wind speed characteristic point azimuth at the maximum wind speed radius of the typhoon
And obtaining the vector synthetic wind speed according to the vector synthetic relation between the typhoon traveling wind speed and the circulating wind speed. According to the synthesized wind speed amplitude, the wind speed feature points of the wind eye position can be defined into two types: first, typhoon circulation wind speed vector V at wind eye wall R,eye And a traveling wind velocity vector V T,eye Advancing in the same or opposite directionsLine superposition, which is defined as the characteristic point (A, C point in FIG. 1) of the maximum and minimum resultant wind speed of the typhoon wind eye; secondly, the amplitude of the synthesized wind speed is the same as the maximum amplitude of the circulation wind speed and is named as an equal circulation wind speed amplitude point (B, D point in figure 1). The wind speed characteristic points are important basis for dividing the wind eye sectors.
The method for calculating the included angle between each wind speed characteristic point and the positive x-axis direction (the positive east direction, see fig. 1) is as follows:
firstly, calculating the base angle theta of an isosceles vector triangle of an equal circulation wind speed amplitude point.
In the formula: v T,eye Can take an empirical value of 0.7304V 0 ，V 0 The typhoon center moving speed; v 0 And V R,eye Are known parameters and are provided by the meteorological department.
And setting an included angle alpha between the typhoon advancing direction and the positive direction of the x axis. The radian of the included angle between the circulating wind speed vector of two equal circulating wind speed amplitude points (B, D points in fig. 1) and the positive direction of the x axis can be expressed as follows:
in the formula: beta is a 1 、β 2 B, D are respectively mapped to positive included angle radian of circulation wind speed vector and x-axis in two equal circulation wind speed amplitude points.
The radian of the included angle between each wind speed characteristic point and the positive direction of the x axis is determined by the formulas (1) and (2)
Can be expressed as:
in the formula:
respectively obtaining the camber values of the connecting line of the maximum wind speed characteristic point and the minimum wind speed characteristic point and the center of the typhoon and the positive included angle of the x axis;
the radian is the positive included angle between the connecting line of the equal circulation wind speed amplitude point and the typhoon center and the x axis;
to ensure generation
The angle is within the interval of 0-360 degrees after the calculation of the formula (3), and the pair
The further processing is as follows:
step three: four-sector division is carried out on typhoon wind eyes according to wind speed characteristic points
According to the included angle value obtained in the second step
Let M 1 To M 4 Is the intersection of sector boundary line and wind eye ring, gamma 1 To gamma 4 Are respectively M 1 To M 4 The angle is positive with respect to the x-axis as shown in fig. 1.γ satisfies the following requirements:
obtaining M from equation (5) 1 To M 4 The four points form a positive included angle with the x axis, and typhoon is divided into 4 sectors:
(1) and (3) region I: gamma ray 1 、γ 4 The central angle range (less than 180 degrees) corresponds to a characteristic point of high synthetic wind speed, so that the region is a high wind speed region (see figure 1);
(2) zone II, zone IV: gamma ray 1 、γ 2 And gamma 3 、γ 4 Each circleIn the range of the heart angle (less than 180 degrees), B, D equal circulation wind speed amplitude points are respectively corresponding, so that the region is a medium wind speed region (see figure 1);
(3) and (3) zone III: gamma ray 2 、γ 3 Within the range of central angles (less than 180 °), corresponding to the low resultant wind speed characteristic points, this region is therefore a low wind speed region (see fig. 1).
Step four: and calculating typhoon eye radiuses of different sectors based on the data and sector division of the ground meteorological station.
Set omega according to weather station f Classifying according to the sector area of each automatic weather station to obtain the kth sector, k belongs to the weather station set omega of I, II, III and IV (k) . According to t-time typhoon eye parameters V provided by meteorological departments eye,t And belong to Ω (k) Inner ground meteorological station i actually-measured maximum wind speed V i,t The typhoon eye radius of sector k can be obtained
Comprises the following steps:
in the formula: l is i,t The distance from the automatic meteorological station i to the center of the typhoon at the time t; ρ is a unit of a gradient i,t The weighting coefficient of the automatic meteorological station i at the moment t is satisfied
The calculation formula is as follows:
the closer the ground automated weather station is to the center of the typhoon, L, defined by equation (7) i,t The smaller the weight coefficient is, the larger the weight coefficient is. In addition, when the same time V eye,t When it is a definite value, since the I area belongs to the high wind speed area, the measured V is i,t Generally larger, the wind eye radius identified by it
Generally larger, and zone III eye radius
It is generally smaller and the eye radius in zone II is moderate to that in zone IV.
Example 2:
the practicability of the invention is verified by taking super typhoon Molandi which logs on the coast of China in 2016 as an example. The Molandi typhoon causes huge damage to coastal provincial power systems in China during landing, a large number of 500kV and 220kV transmission towers are damaged, the number of directly and indirectly disaster-stricken and power-off users reaches 55.22 thousands of users, and the typhoon has certain representativeness as an extreme typhoon disaster. The information of the time-saving landing path and the distribution of the ground automatic weather stations when Morandu lands in China F is given in figure 3.
The distance between Molandi typhoon and China along the bank is less than 50km at 1:00 hours of 9/15/2016, and at the moment, a wind eye radius identification program is started, wherein a total of 87 ground automatic weather stations in province F are close to the wind eye center in the process, and the wind eye radius identification program is selected as a basis for a subsequent weather station screening process. After the typhoon logs in, the typhoon wind speed is obviously reduced by 15 days and 6:00 hours, and the basic typhoon data in the period of 1:00 to 6:00 hours is counted as shown in a table 1.
TABLE 1 basic typhoon information provided by meteorological department
The results of calculating the wind eye radius according to the Brostom empirical model and the wind eye radius of the circular wind field using the data of the ground automatic weather station are shown in Table 2 using the data of the 7-level wind circle and the 10-level wind circle in Table 1.
TABLE 2 other methods to determine the eye radius R eye (km) data
As can be seen from the data in Table 2, the wind eye radius estimated by the Brostom model is large and is not in accordance with the actual disaster situation; the radius of the wind eye under the ideal circular wind field is obviously reduced, and the ideal circular wind field has better dynamic property, but the ideal circular wind field has the defect that the biased characteristic of typhoon is difficult to reflect, and great errors can be caused in judgment of the disaster range and estimation of the wind speed of the target place.
The typhoon data and the automatic meteorological station data in the table 1 are substituted, the calculation process and the method of the patent are adopted to identify the radius of the typhoon eye with deviation, and the sector division angle gamma at each moment is shown in the table 3.
TABLE 3 typhoon traveling direction and sector division angle γ
And (3) dividing the sectors in the third step according to the data in the table 3, counting the data of the automatic meteorological station in each sector, and solving the obtained wind eye radius data of each sector according to a formula in the fourth step, wherein the wind eye radius data of each sector is shown in a table 4.
TABLE 4 wind eye identification radius (km) of each sector
From the data in table 4, it can be seen that: the wind eye radius calculation result obtained by the method is more sufficient and reasonable than the radius identification under a Brostom model and an ideal circular wind field. By combining the wind eye circle distribution identified at two times of 4:00 and 5:00 shown in fig. 3, the wind eye distribution obtained according to the invention can better reflect the actual tower collapse disaster range compared with the 12-level wind circle with the radius of 40 km. In addition, the calculation results of the examples in table 3 are substantially consistent with the analysis content in the description, and the central angle range of each sector deflects along with the variation of the typhoon moving speed and moving direction. And the obtained four-sector wind eye radius overall distribution trend at each moment is basically consistent with the analysis in the third step: that is, the eye radius of sector I is larger, while the eye radius of sector III is smaller.
It can also be seen from table 4 and fig. 4 that the overall trend of the wind eye radius of each sector of the typhoon eye over time is from 1:00 to 3:00 decreasing and from 3:00 increasing after landing. This is mainly due to the energy decay after a 3:00 typhoon entry resulting in V eye Decreasing, and thus increasing, the radius of each sector identified.
In order to further prove the practicability of the method, the measured wind speed of the meteorology is selected to be compared with the calculated wind speed data obtained by calculating the identification radius of each method through a Rankine model, and the result of the mean value of the relative errors of the wind speed at each moment is shown in the table 5.
TABLE 5 relative error of theoretical wind speed in weather station (%)
Comparing the average value of the relative errors of the wind speeds of the meteorological stations calculated by a Rankine model under three wind eye radiuses in the table 5 can be known:
(1) the radius obtained by solving through the Brostom model is too large to be different from the actual typhoon wind eye radius, so that the calculated theoretical wind speed of each meteorological station has a large relative error, and the method is low in practicability of radius identification.
(2) The relative errors of the wind speeds obtained by calculating the wind speeds of different sector wind eye radiuses at all times identified by the method are smaller than the relative errors of the wind speeds under the identification radius of the circular wind field, and the result shows that the asymmetric typhoon wind eye identification radius data obtained by the method better accord with the actual typhoon condition. For the actual typhoon, the method has better effect.
Referring to the wind speed curve of the meteorological station in fig. 5, although there is a certain difference with the measured data, the wind speed obtained when the wind eye circle radius generated by the method is used for wind speed estimation is close to the actual wind speed variation trend, and the stronger dynamic performance is reflected.
According to the embodiment, the asymmetric typhoon radius identification method based on the ground automatic meteorological station data is good in dynamic performance and the calculation result is close to the actual measurement result. The data required by the method is easy to obtain, and the whole wind eye radius identification process is easy to realize. The convenience and accuracy of the method can better meet the requirements of rapidness and accuracy in power system evaluation and scheduling, the identified result can provide certain data reference for structural safety risk evaluation in strong typhoon weather near shore and in a short period after landing, and the method is beneficial to relevant departments to carry out risk prevention and achieves the purpose of reducing social and economic losses and has engineering practical value.
Claims (1)
1. A typhoon windward eye radius calculation method based on ground automatic meteorological station data is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: ground automatic meteorological station suitable for identifying radius of sector with biased typhoon eye through screening
When the distance between the typhoon center and the land is less than or equal to 50km, screening proper ground automatic weather stations for identifying the biased typhoon eye radius in the subsequent steps, wherein the automatic weather stations meet the following conditions:
(1) the distance between the ground automatic weather station j and the center of the typhoon is more than 40km and less than 120 km;
(2) forming a set omega at all weather stations satisfying the condition (1) pre Will set omega pre The mesosphere station presses L j Sorting from big to small, and then taking the first 70% of members to form a set omega s ；
(3) In the set omega s Further screening on the basis, the altitude of the automatic meteorological station should be lower than 100m, and the automatic meteorological station is located at the inland open terrain, so that the influence of micro-terrain and sea surface wind is avoided, and the meteorological station meeting the conditions finally forms a meteorological station set omega suitable for being identified by the inclined typhoon eyes f ；
Step two: acquiring the wind speed characteristic point position at the maximum wind speed radius of the typhoon,
according to the vector synthesis relation between the typhoon traveling wind speed and the circulating wind speed, the vector synthesis wind speed is obtained, and according to the synthesis wind speed amplitude, the wind speed characteristic points of the wind eye ring position are defined into two types: first, typhoon ring on wall of wind holeFlow velocity vector V R,eye And the traveling wind velocity vector V T,eye Superposing the wind power generation characteristics in the same or opposite directions, and defining the superposed wind power generation characteristics as the maximum and minimum combined wind speed characteristic points of the typhoon wind eye; secondly, the amplitude of the synthesized wind speed is the same as the maximum amplitude of the circulation wind speed and is named as an equal circulation wind speed amplitude point, the wind speed characteristic point is the basis of the division of the wind eye sector,
the method for calculating the forward included angle between each wind speed characteristic point and the x axis is as follows:
firstly, calculating the base angle theta of isosceles vector triangle of equal circulation wind speed amplitude point
In the formula: v T,eye Value of 0.7304V 0 ，V 0 The typhoon center moving speed; v 0 And V R,eye The values are provided by the weather department,
and setting the included angle between the typhoon advancing direction and the x-axis forward direction as alpha, and expressing the radian of the included angle between the circulating wind speed vector of the two equal circulating wind speed amplitude points and the x-axis forward direction as follows:
in the formula: beta is a 1 、β 2 Respectively mapping the radian of the positive included angle between the circulation wind speed vector and the x axis in the two equal circulation wind speed amplitude points,
the radian of the included angle between each wind speed characteristic point and the positive direction of the x axis is determined by the formulas (1) and (2)
Expressed as:
in the formula:
to ensure generation
The angle is within the interval of 0-360 degrees after the calculation of the formula (3), and
the further processing is as follows:
step three: the typhoon wind eye is divided into four sectors according to the wind speed characteristic point,
according to the included angle value obtained in the second step
Let M 1 To M 4 Is the intersection of sector boundary line and wind eye ring, gamma 1 To gamma 4 Are each M 1 To M 4 And the included angle gamma with the positive direction of the x axis meets the following requirements:
obtaining M from equation (5) 1 To M 4 And the positive included angle of the X axis divides the typhoon into 4 sectors:
(1) and (3) region I: gamma ray 1 、γ 4 Less than 180 degrees in the range of central angle, corresponding high synthesisWind speed characteristic points, so this zone is a high wind speed zone;
(2) zone II, zone IV: gamma ray 1 、γ 2 And gamma 3 、γ 4 The central angle range is less than 180 degrees, and the central angle range corresponds to B, D equal circulation wind speed amplitude points respectively, so that the area is a middle wind speed area;
(3) and (3) zone III: gamma ray 2 、γ 3 The central angle range is less than 180 degrees, and the characteristic point of low synthetic wind speed is corresponding to the central angle range, so that the area is a low wind speed area;
step four: calculating typhoon eye radiuses of different sectors based on data and sector division of the ground meteorological station;
according to the meteorological station set omega f Classifying according to the sector area of each automatic weather station to obtain a weather station set omega of the kth sector, k belongs to I, II, III and IV (k) According to the t-time typhoon eye parameter V provided by the meteorological department eye,t And belong to Ω (k) Inner ground meteorological station i actually-measured maximum wind speed V i,t To obtain the typhoon eye radius of sector k
Comprises the following steps:
in the formula: l is i,t The distance from the automatic meteorological station i to the center of the typhoon at the time t; rho i,t The weighting coefficient of the automatic meteorological station i at the moment t is satisfied
The calculation formula is as follows:
defined by equation (7), the closer the ground automated weather station is to the center of the typhoon, its L i,t The smaller the weight coefficient, the larger the weight coefficient, and the same time V eye,t When it is a definite value, since the zone I belongs to the high wind speed area, the measured V is i,t Generally larger, its identified eye radius
Generally larger, and zone III eye radius
It is generally smaller and the eye radius in zone II is moderate to that in zone IV.
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