CN112034244A - ETC abnormal signal detection method and system - Google Patents
ETC abnormal signal detection method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a detection method of ETC abnormal signals and a system for realizing the method, wherein the detection method of the ETC abnormal signals comprises the following steps: firstly, identifying a passing vehicle through a ground induction coil and triggering an ETC signal detection device; secondly, an antenna of the ETC signal detection device receives signals; thirdly, the ETC signal detection device processes the monitored signals to obtain intermediate frequency sampling data of the signals; calculating the power of the obtained sampling data from the second time; and finally, judging according to the calculated power value and a set threshold value so as to judge whether the received signal is an abnormal signal, and storing the signal which is judged to be abnormal into a database server for storage. The invention provides a basis for the follow-up payment condition of subsequent fees by identifying and tracking abnormal signals generated during electromagnetic signal interaction in the electronic toll collection system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a detection method and a system of ETC abnormal signals, and belongs to the technical field of electric digital data processing G06F.
Background
With the rapid development of intelligent traffic, the application of the ETC system reduces labor cost to a great extent. In the ETC automatic toll collection system, data interaction processing is realized through microwave communication between a vehicle-mounted unit arranged in front of the inner side of a vehicle windshield and a road test unit of a toll gate, and the position of a vehicle entering and exiting a high-speed gate is recorded by means of a traffic system so as to pay for actual mileage.
However, due to artificial damage, environmental factors, the natural aging of the OBU device and the RSU device, the interaction between the OBU signal and the RSU signal is often abnormal, and the interaction between the OBU signal and the RSU signal is incomplete, so that data loss further occurs, the complexity of the later-stage fee payment processing flow is increased, and meanwhile, when other vehicles are present in an adjacent lane, the condition of leading lane signal interference occurs due to the fact that the information interaction of the current lane is abnormal.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention provides a detection method of ETC abnormal signals and a system for realizing the method, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art. The further purpose is to provide a basis for no follow-up payment work when the reduction of the charging failure is realized by carrying out evidence-keeping tracking on the detected abnormal signals.
The technical scheme is as follows: a detection method of ETC abnormal signals is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 2, the antenna of the signal detection device receives the interactive signal;
step 3, the signal monitoring device receiver processes the detected signal;
step 4, calculating the power of the obtained intermediate frequency sampling data;
and 5, judging the signal type.
In a further embodiment, the step 1 is further: when a vehicle passes through the upper surface of the coil, the iron of the vehicle changes the magnetic flux in the ground induction coil to cause the change of the inductance in a coil loop, the detector detects the change of the electric quantity of the oscillation frequency in a coupling circuit formed by the annular coil so as to judge the passing state of the vehicle and simultaneously outputs two corresponding groups of logic signals, one group of signals enters the ground induction coil, the other group of signals leaves the induction coil, and the two groups of signals can guide the signal monitoring device to monitor the radio frequency signals of the vehicle passing through the ground induction coil.
In a further embodiment, the step 2 is further: receiving the generated radio frequency signal by using the signal detection device in the step 1, and changing a phase value by adding a phase shifter, thereby realizing the conversion of the main lobe direction of the antenna and enabling a wave beam to cover the ground induction coil; the radio frequency signal comprises an OBU signal and an RSU signal;
the conditions in which the beam can cover the ground induction coil are further as follows: when N radiation sources are arranged into a line and the array element interval is d, constructing a linear antenna array; when the signal is incident from the array normal direction, the distance from the signal to each array element is equal, and the phase difference of the signal received by each array element is zero; when the incident signal forms an angle with the normal direction of the array
Then, the signals reaching other array elements respectively travel more distance than the signals reaching the reference array element as shown in the following expression:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
representing the angle of the incident signal with the normal direction of the array,
the spacing distance between the array elements is indicated,
representing the number of radiation sources; watch the aboveThe distance representation of the expression is converted into phase, and the signal arrives at each array element and lags behind the reference array element by the phase represented by the following expression:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
which represents the wavelength of the light emitted by the light source,
representing the angle of the incident signal with the normal direction of the array,
the spacing distance between the array elements is indicated,
representing the number of radiation sources; when pointing to the ground induction coil, the included angle between the normal line of the array and the ground induction coil is
I.e. the beam is directed at an angle of
When the beam width is
The method comprises the following steps that a two-dimensional uniform area array can be constructed, wherein k represents a beam width factor, N is the number of linear array elements, and d represents the array element interval, so that a beam points to and covers a ground induction coil in a two-dimensional direction; the array elements arranged in the horizontal direction form a basic array group, each array element group is combined into one path through a microstrip combiner, and the transmission distances from each array element to the combiner are equal, namely the equal phase of the array elements in the group is ensured; the feeding phases of array element groups except the array element group 0 are unchanged, the input ends of other array element groups are respectively connected with a phase shifter, the phase shift of a predefined angle is carried out on the received signals, and finally all the signals are combined into one path through a combiner and are sent.
In a further embodiment, the step 3 is further: the step is to amplify, filter, frequency convert and sample the received OBU radio frequency signal and RSU radio frequency signal, further to obtain intermediate frequency sampling data of the signal, and to be used for calculating the processed source data in step 4.
Wherein the signal amplification is to amplify the received radio frequency signal by using an amplifier; the amplifier is further a low noise amplifier which is used as a preamplifier to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the output signal;
the filtering is to filter the amplified signal through a filter, the carrier frequency of the radio frequency signal consists of two channels, and the signal is filtered through a band-pass filter to obtain an in-band signal of the radio frequency signal;
the frequency conversion is an operation of performing down-conversion on a filtered signal, specifically, multiplying a band-pass filtered signal by a local oscillator signal generated by a local oscillator, and obtaining an intermediate frequency signal through a low-pass filter;
the sampling is to perform AD sampling on continuous intermediate frequency signals, and perform analog-to-digital conversion on the intermediate frequency signals to obtain discrete digital signals for calculation processing.
In a further embodiment, the step 4 is further: a signal processing computer of the signal monitoring device calculates the power of the intermediate frequency sampling signal, the obtained intermediate frequency sampling signal is converted to a frequency domain by utilizing Fourier transform, so that a response value of the signal frequency on an equivalent analog frequency point is obtained, and a power value on a corresponding frequency point is obtained by removing an amplitude absolute value, squaring and dividing by N; wherein the Fourier transform to the frequency domain is further:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
represents the data after the DFT transform and,
which represents the analog signal of the sample and,
for a real signal, the imaginary part is zero, k denotes the sinusoidal correlation with frequency, N denotes the point sampled within one sinusoidal period, and N denotes the step.
In a further embodiment, the step 5 is further: and (4) comparing the signal power value obtained by calculation in the step (4) with a preset threshold, if the signal power is greater than the threshold, judging that the radio-frequency signal is normal, if the signal power is not greater than the threshold, judging that the radio-frequency signal is abnormal, and storing the data of the abnormal signal.
A detection system of ETC abnormal signals is used for realizing the method, and is characterized by comprising the following modules:
the first module is used for triggering the monitoring device to operate;
a second module for receiving radio frequency signals;
a third module for processing the received signal;
and the fourth module is used for judging the type of the signal.
In a further embodiment, the first module further comprises a triggering module of an inductance coil embedded in the ground surface, and a detector module for detecting the running state detection of the vehicle; the trigger module is further used for triggering the detector module to start detection when the vehicle passes through the upper surface of the coil and the iron of the vehicle changes the magnetic flux in the ground induction coil to cause the change of the inductance in the coil loop; the detector module is further used for detecting electric quantity change of oscillation frequency in a coupling circuit formed by the annular coils so as to judge the passing state of the vehicle and simultaneously output two corresponding groups of logic signals, one group of signals enter the ground induction coil, the other group of signals leave the induction coil, and the two groups of signals can trigger the second module to monitor the signals when the vehicle passing through the ETC intersection and the road detection unit are subjected to radio frequency signal interaction.
In a further embodiment, the second module further comprises a signal receiving module, a beam direction updating module; the signal receiving module is further used for receiving the generated radio frequency signal; the beam direction updating module further achieves the purpose of phase value change by analyzing direction analysis and increasing phase shifters, thereby realizing the conversion of the main lobe direction of the antenna and enabling the beam to cover the ground induction coil; the radio frequency signals comprise radio frequency signal interaction signals, namely OBU radio frequency signals and RSU radio frequency signals, generated by vehicles passing through the ETC intersection and the road test unit.
In a further embodiment, the third module further comprises a signal amplifying module, a signal filtering module, a signal frequency conversion module, and a signal sampling module; the signal method module further performs a signal method using a low noise amplifier as a preamplifier; the signal filtering module further filters the amplified signal by using a band-pass filter; the signal frequency conversion module is further used for carrying out frequency conversion by multiplying the band-pass filtering signal by a local oscillator signal generated by a local oscillator; the signal sampling module further acquires discrete data by adopting AD sampling;
in a further embodiment, the fourth module further comprises a signal conversion module, a signal abnormality determination module, and a signal type identification module; an abnormal signal storage module; the signal conversion module is used for further performing signal form conversion on the data processed by the third module, and firstly, the intermediate frequency sampling signal is converted to a frequency domain through discrete Fourier transform so as to obtain a response value of the signal frequency on the equivalent analog frequency point; secondly, solving the square of the obtained absolute value of the amplitude and obtaining the power value on the corresponding frequency point by N; the signal abnormity determining module is further used for comparing a preset threshold value with a power value calculated by the signal conversion module, when the power value is greater than the threshold value, the ETC signal is determined to be normal, and when the power value is equal to or lower than the threshold value, the ETC signal is determined to be abnormal; the signal type identification module further inputs the abnormal signal obtained by the signal abnormality judgment module into the constructed signal feature extraction model, extracts the feature of the abnormal signal and compares the extracted feature with the existing abnormal signal feature in the historical data to obtain the type of the abnormal signal; the abnormal signal storage module further stores the characteristics of the abnormal signal and the related vehicle information correspondingly.
Has the advantages that: the invention relates to a detection method and a detection system for ETC abnormal signals, which realize the tracking of the abnormal signals by judging the state of interactive signals in an ETC system and solve the problem of payment failure caused by the abnormality of the interactive signals. According to the analysis of antenna reciprocity, after the received signals are subjected to phase shifting at a certain angle by adopting a phase shifter, all the signals are combined into one path and sent by a combiner, the phase value is changed in the aspect of signal receiving, and the aim of changing the beam direction of the antenna in the vertical direction is fulfilled, so that the beam covers the ground induction coil comprehensively, the signal receiving is enhanced, and the pilot interference is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a one-dimensional uniform linear array diagram composed of N array elements.
Fig. 3 is a uniform planar diagram of a two-dimensional plane.
Detailed Description
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art, that the present invention may be practiced without one or more of these specific details. In other instances, well-known features have not been described in order to avoid obscuring the invention.
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a detection method and a detection system for ETC abnormal signals, which are used for processing and judging the collected ETC interactive signals and tracking the obtained abnormal signals, so that the occurrence of the obstruction of the subsequent pursuit payment working progress when the charging fails is reduced.
The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for detecting an ETC abnormal signal includes the following steps:
Step 2, the antenna of the signal detection device receives the interactive signal; the signal detection device is deployed on a portal frame in cooperation with an ETC system, receives and detects the wireless transmission signal of the passing vehicle after triggering in the step 1, and transmits the acquired signal to a database server through a network to be stored after identifying that the passing vehicle transmits an interference signal outwards. The interactive signals are further OBU radio frequency signals and RSU radio frequency signals, wherein the RSU radio frequency signals are further detected by pointing to RSU signal transmitting equipment by using a narrow beam antenna with a receiving frequency band ranging from 5.82GHz to 5.85GHz within the triggering time of the ground induction coil in the step 1, and receiving the radio frequency signals in the frequency band; the detection of the OBU radio frequency signal is further to utilize a narrow beam antenna with a receiving frequency range of 5.78GHz to 5.81GHz to point to the RSU signal transmitting device within the triggering time of the ground induction coil in step 1, and receive the radio frequency signal in the frequency range.
The direction regulation of the narrow-beam antenna can enable the beams to fully cover the ground induction coil, thereby reducing the interference of adjacent channel signals and promoting better interactive reception of the signals. Wherein the direction regulation of the narrow beam antenna is further illustrated in fig. 2, N radiation sources are arranged in a line with an array element spacing of d, thereby forming a lineA linear antenna array. When far field conditions are met, the equiphase surfaces of the radiation signals can be approximate to planes. When the signal is incident from the array normal direction, the phase difference of the signal received by each array element is zero because the distances from the signal to each array element are equal; when the incident signal forms an angle with the normal direction of the array
Then, the signals reaching other array elements respectively travel more distance than the signals reaching the reference array element as shown in the following expression:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
representing the angle of the incident signal with the normal direction of the array,
the spacing distance between the array elements is indicated,
representing the number of radiation sources. Converting the distance expression of the expression into phase, the signal arrives at each array element and lags behind the reference array element by the phase shown in the following expression:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
which represents the wavelength of the light emitted by the light source,
representing the angle of the incident signal with the normal direction of the array,
the spacing distance between the array elements is indicated,
representing the number of radiation sources.
According to the antenna reciprocity principle, when the phase of each array element is adjusted according to a certain rule, the main lobe direction of the antenna can be deflected, and therefore the directional ground induction coil of the antenna beam main lobe is controlled. As shown in fig. 2, the a0 antenna output signal phase is not changed with reference to a0, while the a1 transmission signal is transmitted
Phase shifting, carried out on An transmitted signal
And (4) phase shifting. Therefore, the radiation main lobe direction of the formed antenna array is deflected upwards
And (4) an angle.
When pointing to the ground induction coil, the included angle between the normal line of the array and the ground induction coil is
I.e. the beam is directed at an angle of
When the beam width is
Wherein, k represents the beam width factor, and N is linear array element quantity, and d represents the array element interval, for preventing the signal mutual interference between the adjacent lane, and the better acquirement of information such as the speed of a motor vehicle, position, car length with the vehicle, through array element quantity and array element interval, make the beam cover ground induction coil in one-dimensional direction, through mutually supporting with ground induction coil, obtain vehicle information. Similarly, a two-dimensional uniform area array can be constructed as shown in fig. 3, so that the beam is directed and covers the ground induction coil in two-dimensional directions. The array elements arranged in the horizontal direction form a basic array group, each array element group is synthesized into one path through a microstrip combiner, and the transmission distance from each array element to the combiner is equal, namely, the equal phase of the array elements in the group is ensured. The feed phases of array element groups except the array element group No. 0 are unchanged, the input ends of other array element groups are respectively connected with a phase shifter, the phase shift of a certain angle is carried out on the received signals, and finally all the signals are combined into one path through a combiner and are sent. By changing the value of the phase, the beam pointing direction of the antenna can be changed in the vertical direction.
Step 3, the signal monitoring device receiver processes the detected signals: the step is to amplify, filter, frequency convert and sample the received OBU radio frequency signal and RSU radio frequency signal, further to obtain intermediate frequency sampling data of the signal, and to be used for calculating the processed source data in step 4.
The signal amplification is to amplify the received radio frequency signal by using an amplifier, and since the noise of the amplifier can generate certain interference to the signal on the occasion of amplifying the weak signal, in order to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the output signal, a low-noise amplifier is adopted as a preamplifier.
The carrier frequency of the OBU signal is composed of two channels of 5.79GHz and 5.80GHz, the bandwidth is 5MHz, the carrier frequency of the RSU signal is composed of two channels of 5.83GHz and 5.84GHz, and the bandwidth is 5MHz, so the filtering is further to filter the signals by means of a band-pass filter, and the in-band signal of the OBU and the in-band signal of the RSU are obtained.
The frequency conversion further multiplies the band-pass filtering signal by a local oscillator signal generated by a local oscillator, and then obtains an intermediate frequency signal through a low-pass filter, so that the down-conversion of the signal is realized, the signal is easier to transmit and analyze, channel multiplexing is realized, and the state that the transmission frequency is very high is presented.
The sampling is further to perform AD sampling on the continuous intermediate frequency signals to realize analog-to-digital conversion of the intermediate frequency signals, so that representative discrete numerical values are found better, and digital signals easy to calculate and process are obtained.
Step 4, calculating the power of the obtained intermediate frequency sampling data; the step further performs calculation processing on the signal data processed in the step 3. Specifically, the intermediate frequency sampling signal is converted to a frequency domain through discrete Fourier transform, so that an equivalent analog frequency point is obtained
Response value of upper signal frequency, wherein
And expressing the sampling frequency, and utilizing the obtained absolute value of the amplitude to calculate the square and obtain the power value on the corresponding frequency point by N. Wherein
Representing an analog sampled signal.
The formula for calculating the discrete fourier is as follows:
in the formula
Represents the data after the DFT transform and,
representing the sampled analog signal, k representing the sinusoidal correlation with frequency, N representing the point of sampling within one sinusoidal period, N representing the step,
for an actual signal, the imaginary part is zero, and the calculation formula evolves as:
when data processing is carried out through computer equipment, the expansion mode is as follows:
the cos and sin related data are stored in two array forms, namely float real [ N ] and float imag [ N ], wherein real is the cos related amplitude and imag is the sin related amplitude.
Step 5, judging the signal type; comparing the signal power value obtained by calculation in the step 4 with a preset threshold, when the signal power is greater than the threshold, the radio-frequency signal is a normal signal, if the signal power is not greater than the threshold, judging that the radio-frequency signal is abnormal, and storing the abnormal signal in data. And meanwhile, the extracted abnormal radio frequency signals are input into the constructed signal identification network model in the format of image data to extract the signal characteristics, so that the type of the received abnormal signals is judged. The specific steps of the construction process of the signal identification network model further comprise:
step 5-1, constructing a model training data set; the data sets are image data of different interference signal types, such as image information presented in spectral analysis and time-frequency transformation.
Step 5-2, fine tuning the convolution network; the convolutional network is a trained convolutional neural network; the fine adjustment mode is realized by fixing parameters of the predefined modules and changing the structures of partial modules.
Step 5-3, further utilizing data on the source domain and data on the target domain, and after function random projection, solving the problem that the target domain has no notes by using the supremum of the expected difference value between the data on the source domain and the data on the target domain, wherein the implementation mode is shown in the following expression:
further comprises the following steps:
further comprises the following steps:
in the formula
，
Representing a function
The space in which the device is located is provided with a plurality of grooves,
to represent
The distribution of (a) to (b) is,
to represent
The distribution of (a) to (b) is,
representing source domain functions
In the expectation that the position of the target is not changed,
representing a target domain function
(iii) a desire; for the best-case core, further feature mapping is performed, and the cores are weighted using m different gaussian cores, that is:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
representing the weight, for the coefficient
The resulting k is guaranteed to be unique;
said step 4-4 further comprising constructing a loss function comprising a two-part loss; wherein, part of the loss is the loss of the traditional convolutional neural network, and the cross entropy is adopted as a loss function; the other part of loss is the MK-MMD distance of the source domain at the output domain of the full connection layer and the target domain at the output of the full connection layer, and the loss function is shown in the following expression:
wherein a penalty coefficient is expressed for controlling the distribution difference of the source domain and the target domain in the full connection layer, and
satisfy the requirement of
；
Indicating a starting layer for performing domain adaptation;
indicating an end layer for performing domain adaptation;
representing the number of the data with notes in the source domain and the target domain;
parameters representing the entire neural network;
representing the output of the convolutional neural network;
which represents the input image, is,
to represent
A corresponding label;
indicating source domain data in
Outputting the layer;
indicating that the target data field is in
Outputting the layer;
indicating source domain and target domain data in
The MK-MMD distance of the layer output squared.
And 5-5, receiving a training data set, and training the learning ability of the model for extracting the signal characteristics.
Based on the scheme, a detection system of ETC abnormal signals can be constructed, and is used for realizing the method, and the detection system is characterized by comprising the following modules:
the first module is used for triggering the monitoring device to operate; the module further comprises a triggering module of an inductance coil embedded in the ground surface and a detector module for detecting the running state of the vehicle; the trigger module is further used for triggering the detector module to start detection when the vehicle passes through the upper surface of the coil and the iron of the vehicle changes the magnetic flux in the ground induction coil to cause the change of the inductance in the coil loop; the detector module is further used for detecting electric quantity change of oscillation frequency in a coupling circuit formed by the annular coils so as to judge the passing state of the vehicle and simultaneously output two corresponding groups of logic signals, one group of signals enter the ground induction coil, the other group of signals leave the induction coil, and the two groups of signals can trigger the second module to monitor the signals when the vehicle passing through the ETC intersection and the road detection unit are subjected to radio frequency signal interaction.
A second module for receiving radio frequency signals; the module carries out the conversion of the main lobe direction of the antenna by analyzing the signal transmitting and receiving characteristics of the phased array and changing the phase value, thereby achieving the purpose that the beam can cover the ground induction coil. The device further comprises a signal receiving module and a beam direction updating module; the signal receiving module is further used for receiving the generated radio frequency signal; the beam direction updating module further achieves the purpose of phase value change by analyzing direction analysis and increasing phase shifters, thereby realizing the conversion of the main lobe direction of the antenna and enabling the beam to cover the ground induction coil; the radio frequency signals comprise radio frequency signal interaction signals, namely OBU radio frequency signals and RSU radio frequency signals, generated by vehicles passing through the ETC intersection and the road test unit.
A third module for processing the received signal; the module further comprises a signal amplification module, a signal filtering module, a signal frequency conversion module and a signal sampling module; the signal method module further performs a signal method using a low noise amplifier as a preamplifier; the signal filtering module further filters the amplified signal by using a band-pass filter; the signal frequency conversion module is further used for carrying out frequency conversion by multiplying the band-pass filtering signal by a local oscillator signal generated by a local oscillator; and the signal sampling module further acquires discrete data by adopting AD sampling.
A fourth module for judging the type of the signal; the module further comprises a signal conversion module, a signal abnormity judgment module and a signal type identification module; an abnormal signal storage module; the signal conversion module is used for further performing signal form conversion on the data processed by the third module, and firstly, the intermediate frequency sampling signal is converted to a frequency domain through discrete Fourier transform so as to obtain a response value of the signal frequency on the equivalent analog frequency point; secondly, solving the square of the obtained absolute value of the amplitude and obtaining the power value on the corresponding frequency point by N; the signal abnormity determining module is further used for comparing a preset threshold value with a power value calculated by the signal conversion module, when the power value is greater than or equal to the threshold value, the ETC signal is determined to be normal, and when the power value is lower than the threshold value, the ETC signal is determined to be abnormal; the signal type identification module further inputs the abnormal signal obtained by the signal abnormality judgment module into the constructed signal feature extraction model, extracts the feature of the abnormal signal and compares the extracted feature with the existing abnormal signal feature in the historical data to obtain the type of the abnormal signal; the abnormal signal storage module further stores the characteristics of the abnormal signal and the related vehicle information correspondingly.
As noted above, while the present invention has been shown and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments, it is not to be construed as limited thereto. Various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A detection method of ETC abnormal signals is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, triggering a signal detection device;
step 2, the antenna of the signal detection device receives the interactive signal;
step 3, the signal monitoring device receiver processes the detected signal;
step 4, calculating the power of the obtained intermediate frequency sampling data;
and 5, judging the signal type.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step 1 is further performed by:
when a vehicle passes through the upper surface of the coil, the iron of the vehicle changes the magnetic flux in the ground induction coil to cause the change of the inductance in a coil loop, the detector detects the change of the electric quantity of the oscillation frequency in a coupling circuit formed by the annular coil so as to judge the passing state of the vehicle and simultaneously outputs two corresponding groups of logic signals, one group of signals enters the ground induction coil, the other group of signals leaves the induction coil, and the two groups of signals can guide the signal monitoring device to monitor the radio frequency signals of the vehicle passing through the ground induction coil.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step 2 is further performed by:
receiving the generated radio frequency signal by using the signal detection device in the step 1, and changing a phase value by adding a phase shifter, thereby realizing the conversion of the main lobe direction of the antenna and enabling a wave beam to cover the ground induction coil; the radio frequency signal comprises an OBU signal and an RSU signal;
the conditions in which the beam can cover the ground induction coil are further as follows: when N radiation sources are arranged into a line and the array element interval is d, constructing a linear antenna array; when the signal is incident from the array normal direction, the distance from the signal to each array element is equal, and the phase difference of the signal received by each array element is zero; when the incident signal forms an angle with the normal direction of the array
When the signals reach other array elements, the signals reach more than the signals of the reference array element respectively, and the signals are shown in the following expressionThe distance of (c):
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
representing the angle of the incident signal with the normal direction of the array,
the spacing distance between the array elements is indicated,
representing the number of radiation sources; converting the distance expression of the expression into phase, the signal arrives at each array element and lags behind the reference array element by the phase shown in the following expression:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
which represents the wavelength of the light emitted by the light source,
representing the angle of the incident signal with the normal direction of the array,
the spacing distance between the array elements is indicated,
representing the number of radiation sources; when pointing to the ground induction coil, the included angle between the normal line of the array and the ground induction coil is
I.e. the beam is directed at an angle of
When the beam width is
The method comprises the following steps that a, k represents a beam width factor, N represents the number of linear array elements, d represents the array element interval, and similarly, a two-dimensional uniform area array is constructed, so that a beam points to and covers a ground induction coil in a two-dimensional direction; the array elements arranged in the horizontal direction form a basic array group, each array element group is combined into one path through a microstrip combiner, and the transmission distances from each array element to the combiner are equal, namely the equal phase of the array elements in the group is ensured; the feeding phases of array element groups except the array element group 0 are unchanged, the input ends of other array element groups are respectively connected with a phase shifter, the phase shift of a predefined angle is carried out on the received signals, and finally all the signals are combined into one path through a combiner and are sent.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step 3 is further performed by:
the step is to amplify, filter, frequency convert and sample the received OBU radio frequency signal and RSU radio frequency signal, further to obtain intermediate frequency sampling data of the signal, and to be used for calculating the processed source data in the step 4;
wherein the signal amplification is to amplify the received radio frequency signal by using an amplifier; the amplifier is further a low noise amplifier which is used as a preamplifier to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the output signal;
the filtering is to filter the amplified signal through a filter, the carrier frequency of the radio frequency signal consists of two channels, and the signal is filtered through a band-pass filter to obtain an in-band signal of the radio frequency signal;
the frequency conversion is an operation of performing down-conversion on a filtered signal, specifically, multiplying a band-pass filtered signal by a local oscillator signal generated by a local oscillator, and obtaining an intermediate frequency signal through a low-pass filter;
the sampling is to perform AD sampling on continuous intermediate frequency signals, and perform analog-to-digital conversion on the intermediate frequency signals to obtain discrete digital signals for calculation processing.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step 4 is further performed by:
a signal processing computer of the signal monitoring device calculates the power of the intermediate frequency sampling signal, the obtained intermediate frequency sampling signal is converted to a frequency domain by utilizing Fourier transform, so that a response value of the signal frequency on an equivalent analog frequency point is obtained, and a power value on a corresponding frequency point is obtained by removing an amplitude absolute value, squaring and dividing by N; wherein the Fourier transform to the frequency domain is further:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
represents the data after the DFT transform and,
which represents the analog signal of the sample and,
for a real signal, the imaginary part is zero, k denotes the sinusoidal correlation with frequency, N denotes the point sampled within one sinusoidal period, and N denotes the step.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step 5 is further performed by:
and (4) comparing the signal power value obtained by calculation in the step (4) with a preset threshold, judging that the radio-frequency signal is normal when the signal power is greater than the threshold, judging that the radio-frequency signal is abnormal when the signal power is not greater than the threshold, and storing data of the abnormal signal.
7. A system for detecting ETC anomaly signals, for implementing any one of the methods claimed in claims 1-6, characterized by comprising the following modules:
the first module is used for triggering the monitoring device to operate;
a second module for receiving radio frequency signals;
a third module for processing the received signal;
and the fourth module is used for judging the type of the signal.
8. The ETC abnormality signal detection system according to claim 7, wherein the first module further comprises a triggering module of an inductance coil embedded in the ground surface, and a detector module for detecting the vehicle driving state; the trigger module is further used for triggering the detector module to start detection when the vehicle passes through the upper surface of the coil and the iron of the vehicle changes the magnetic flux in the ground induction coil to cause the change of the inductance in the coil loop; the detector module is further used for detecting electric quantity change of oscillation frequency in a coupling circuit formed by the annular coils so as to judge the passing state of the vehicle and simultaneously output two corresponding groups of logic signals, one group of signals enter the ground induction coil, the other group of signals leave the induction coil, and the two groups of signals can trigger the second module to monitor the signals when the vehicle passing through the ETC intersection and the road detection unit are subjected to radio frequency signal interaction.
9. The system according to claim 7, wherein the second module further comprises a signal receiving module, a beam direction updating module; the signal receiving module is further used for receiving the generated radio frequency signal; the beam direction updating module further achieves the purpose of phase value change by analyzing direction analysis and increasing phase shifters, thereby realizing the conversion of the main lobe direction of the antenna and enabling the beam to cover the ground induction coil; the radio frequency signals comprise radio frequency signal interaction signals, namely OBU radio frequency signals and RSU radio frequency signals, generated by vehicles passing through the ETC intersection and the road test unit.
10. The ETC abnormal signal detection system according to claim 7, wherein the third module further comprises a signal amplification module, a signal filtering module, a signal frequency conversion module and a signal sampling module; the signal method module further performs a signal method using a low noise amplifier as a preamplifier; the signal filtering module further filters the amplified signal by using a band-pass filter; the signal frequency conversion module is further used for carrying out frequency conversion by multiplying the band-pass filtering signal by a local oscillator signal generated by a local oscillator; the signal sampling module further acquires discrete data by adopting AD sampling;
the fourth module further comprises a signal conversion module, a signal abnormity judgment module and a signal type identification module; an abnormal signal storage module; the signal conversion module is used for further performing signal form conversion on the data processed by the third module, and firstly, the intermediate frequency sampling signal is converted to a frequency domain through discrete Fourier transform so as to obtain a response value of the signal frequency on the equivalent analog frequency point; secondly, solving the square of the obtained absolute value of the amplitude and obtaining the power value on the corresponding frequency point by N; the signal abnormity determining module is further used for comparing a preset threshold value with a power value calculated by the signal conversion module, when the power value is greater than the threshold value, the ETC signal is determined to be normal, and when the power value is equal to or lower than the threshold value, the ETC signal is determined to be abnormal; the signal type identification module further inputs the abnormal signal obtained by the signal abnormality judgment module into the constructed signal feature extraction model, extracts the feature of the abnormal signal and compares the extracted feature with the existing abnormal signal feature in the historical data to obtain the type of the abnormal signal; the abnormal signal storage module further stores the characteristics of the abnormal signal and the related vehicle information correspondingly.
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