CN112034201A - Self-driven flow velocity and flow sensor - Google Patents
Self-driven flow velocity and flow sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN112034201A CN112034201A CN202010837426.8A CN202010837426A CN112034201A CN 112034201 A CN112034201 A CN 112034201A CN 202010837426 A CN202010837426 A CN 202010837426A CN 112034201 A CN112034201 A CN 112034201A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
- G01P5/08—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring variation of an electric variable directly affected by the flow, e.g. by using dynamo-electric effect
- G01P5/086—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring variation of an electric variable directly affected by the flow, e.g. by using dynamo-electric effect by using special arrangements and constructions for measuring the dynamo-electric effect
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/56—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using electric or magnetic effects
- G01F1/64—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using electric or magnetic effects by measuring electrical currents passing through the fluid flow; measuring electrical potential generated by the fluid flow, e.g. by electrochemical, contact or friction effects
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
- H02N1/04—Friction generators
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- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a self-driven flow velocity and flow sensor which comprises a supporting frame, two conductive plates arranged in the supporting frame and a film arranged between the two conductive plates, wherein the two conductive plates are arranged in the supporting frame; one end of each of the two current-conducting plates is fixedly connected with the top surface of the support frame, the other end of each of the two current-conducting plates extends towards the bottom surface of the support frame, and the two current-conducting plates form an angle with each other; one end of the film is fixedly connected with the top surface of the supporting frame, and the other end of the film is vertically arranged downwards; the film is driven by gas to contact or separate from the conductive plates on both sides. The sensor uses signal frequency to sense flow and flow rate, the sensor part does not need external continuous power supply, self-driving is realized through the input of airflow, the internal conductive plates form an angle with each other, the contact area of the thin film and the conductive plates is increased, the stability of signal sensing in different humidity environments is improved, the sensor manufacturing process is simple, the cost of used materials is low, and the flow rate can be simultaneously and accurately reflected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a flow velocity and flow sensor, in particular to a self-driven flow velocity and flow sensor based on a friction nano generator.
Background
In recent years, with the continuous development of artificial intelligence and internet of things, sensor technology serving as an important basis of the internet of things shows an important position. In particular, the flow velocity sensor has important application in wind speed detection, respiration detection and the like. The current common flow rate sensor adopts the following mechanisms: electromagnetic induction, spectral shift, fiber optic sensing, piezoelectric effects, and the like. The sensor based on electromagnetic induction has huge magnets, thick coils and high starting wind speed, so that the size of the sensor is large; the signal-to-noise ratio of the output signal of the sensor based on the piezoelectric effect is low, so that the anti-noise performance is poor; sensors based on spectral shift and fiber optic sensing are costly. In addition, the conventional flow rate sensor needs external power supply to normally operate, so that the conventional flow rate sensor has the problems of limited service life, conventional charging or replacement, pollution after discarding and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a flow velocity and flow sensor which can acquire energy from the surrounding environment to realize stable self-driving.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention discloses a self-driven flow velocity and flow sensor, which comprises a supporting frame, two conductive plates arranged in the supporting frame and a film arranged between the two conductive plates; one end of each of the two current-conducting plates is fixedly connected with the top surface of the support frame, the other end of each of the two current-conducting plates extends towards the bottom surface of the support frame, and the two current-conducting plates form an angle with each other; one end of the film is fixedly connected with the top surface of the supporting frame, and the other end of the film is vertically arranged downwards; the film is driven by gas to contact or separate from the conductive plates on both sides.
Further, the two conductive plates are provided with wedge-shaped chamfers corresponding to the side edges of the film, the chamfers can be provided with a single face or two faces and respectively correspond to unidirectional airflow or biphase airflow, the chamfers are oppositely arranged to form air guide openings for air to pass through, when airflow exists, the airflow enters the support frame and passes through the film through the air guide openings formed between the two conductive plates. The angle formed between the two conductive plates is 5-40 degrees, preferably 15 degrees, the contact area between the thin film and the conductive plates is favorably increased, and further the signal output can be enhanced, so that the signal can keep stability in different environments such as humidity, temperature and the like; the length of the conductive plates is similar to that of the film, when airflow passes through the film, the tail end of the film generates vortex flow in a left-right alternating mode, the vortex flow generates alternate low-pressure areas on two sides of the film to drive the film to vibrate periodically, and the film can swing freely and collide and separate with the conductive plates on the two sides.
Furthermore, the film adopts a film with difference in electron affinity with the conductive plate, preferably an FEP film, a PTFE film or a PFA film, the F FEP film, the PTFE film or the PFA film has strong electron attracting capability and can generate obvious surface charge transfer when contacting the conductive plate, and in order to further enhance signal output, nano-structures such as nano-particles, nano-wires, nano-columns, nano-triangles and the like for increasing the contact area are sprayed on the surface of the film, preferably polytetrafluoroethylene nano-particles; the conductive plate can be made of conductive materials such as an aluminum plate, an iron plate, a copper plate or a silver plate.
The self-driven flow velocity and flow sensor disclosed by the invention has the advantages that both sides of the film are negatively charged and the surface of the conductive plate is positively charged on the basis of the triboelectric effect, when the film is contacted with the conductive plate, the potential of the contacted conductive plate is lower than that of the non-contacted conductive plate due to the electrostatic effect, a potential difference is generated between the two conductive plates, and the periodic vibration frequency can be converted into an electric signal with a specific frequency along with the continuous periodic vibration of the film for outputting. The flutter frequency of the membrane corresponds to the frequency of current generation, which is related to the velocity of the gas flow and the angle at which the conductive plate is disposed.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: (1) the sensor uses signal frequency to sense flow and flow speed, and the sensor part realizes self-driving through the input of airflow without external continuous power supply; (2) the internal conductive plates form an angle with each other, so that the contact area between the film and the conductive plates is increased, the stability of signal sensing in different humidity environments is improved, and the integral noise resistance of the sensor is strong; (3) the edge of the conductive plate is provided with the wedge-shaped chamfer, so that the airflow is accurately introduced to the thin film to drive the thin film, the loss of the gas operation process is reduced, and the stability of the airflow speed is ensured; (4) the sensor has simple manufacturing process and low material cost, and can accurately reflect the flow speed and the flow simultaneously.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a sensor according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the conductive plates of the present invention arranged in opposition;
FIG. 3 is a graph of sensor signal frequency versus air flow velocity in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of sensor signal output under different humidity conditions;
FIG. 5 is a graph comparing the flow rate and flow rate of the sensor of the present invention with a commercial flow rate meter;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of one-time signal period generation of the sensor of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
Referring to the self-driven flow velocity and flow rate sensor shown in fig. 1, the sensor has an overall length of 13mm, a width of 8mm and a height of 24mm, and comprises a supporting frame 1 of a hollow structure surrounded by rigid materials such as an acrylic plate, wherein the supporting frame 1 is entirely transparent and is not sealed in the front and the back for air flow to pass through; two conductive plates 3 are arranged in the supporting frame 1, the conductive plates 3 are aluminum plates, one ends of the conductive plates 3 are fixedly connected with the top surface of the supporting frame 1, the other ends of the conductive plates extend towards the bottom surface of the supporting frame 1, and the two conductive plates 3 form an angle of 15 degrees with each other; a film 2 is arranged between the two current-conducting plates 3, specifically a PTFE film is adopted, polytetrafluoroethylene nano-particles for enhancing signal output are sprayed on the surface of the film 2, one end of the film 2 is fixed and is fixedly connected with the top surface of the supporting frame 1, the other end of the film is vertically arranged downwards, the length of the current-conducting plate 3 extending downwards is longer than that of the film 2, and the maximum contact between the film 2 and the current-conducting plate 3 is ensured; referring to fig. 2, the side edges of the conductive plates 3 opposite to the thin film 2 are provided with wedge-shaped chamfers 31, the chamfers 31 of the two conductive plates are oppositely arranged to form air guide openings 32 for air to pass through, when the air flow passes through the supporting frame, the air flow is introduced through the air guide openings 32, when the air flow passes through the thin film 2, alternating eddy currents are generated at the left and right ends of the thin film 2, the eddy currents generate alternating low-pressure areas at the two sides of the thin film, and the thin film 2 is driven to periodically vibrate between the conductive plates 3 and is continuously contacted with or separated from the conductive plates 3 at.
Referring to fig. 6, after several contacts and separations, both sides of the PTFE film are negatively charged and the aluminum plate is positively charged due to the triboelectric effect; when the PTFE membrane approaches the right aluminum plate, the potential of the right aluminum plate becomes lower than that of the left aluminum plate due to electrostatic induction, resulting in current flowing through the external resistor from left to right; when the PTFE film moves towards the left electrode, a reverse current flows from the right electrode back to the left electrode, and the whole signal period is generated. The whole sensor part does not need external continuous power supply and can realize self-driving. Meanwhile, the vibration frequency of the PTFE film is taken as a main transmission signal, after a series of tests, referring to fig. 3, the signal frequency and the air flow speed show a good linear relationship, the current generation frequency is gradually increased along with the increase of the air flow speed, the vibration speed of the driving film is ensured to be more than 3m/s, and the signal precision is ensured.
Considering the influence of different environments on the signal output of the sensor, the sensor is placed under different humidity conditions for signal detection, referring to fig. 4, compared with the normal friction nanometer generator with the signal amplitude as the signal output, the sensor part in the sensor uses the signal frequency as the signal output, and under the condition that the external humidity is changed in a large range, the signal frequency is always kept about 361Hz, which shows that the flow velocity and flow sensor still has good stability for the signal sensing under different humidity conditions.
The sensors were placed in the test pipeline while real-time comparisons were made below the pipeline using a commercial flow rate meter. When air flow passes through the sensor, the PTFE film is driven to vibrate ceaselessly and collide and separate with aluminum plates on two sides of the sensor. Under different speed air flows, the sensor can correspondingly generate electric signals with different frequencies, the electric output signals of the sensor are analyzed, and therefore flow and flow speed data are obtained, and the flow and flow speed data are compared with a commercial flow speed flowmeter, and the error is small, so that the reliability, accuracy and feasibility of the flow speed flowmeter are shown.
The sensor has responsiveness to airflow, can respond to the airflow breathed by a human body and generate an electric signal, and the output electric signal can display the breathing mode of the human body in real time, so the sensor can be applied to the lung function detection of the human body.
Claims (8)
1. A self-driven flow rate and flow sensor, comprising a support frame (1), characterized in that: the device also comprises two conductive plates (3) arranged in the supporting frame (1) and a thin film (2) arranged between the two conductive plates (3); one end of each of the two conductive plates (3) is fixedly connected with the top surface of the support frame (1), the other end of each of the two conductive plates extends towards the bottom surface of the support frame (1), and the two conductive plates (3) form an angle with each other; one end of the thin film (2) is fixedly connected with the top surface of the supporting frame (1), and the other end of the thin film is vertically arranged downwards; the film (2) is contacted with or separated from the conductive plates (3) at two sides under the action of gas.
2. The self-driven flow rate and flow sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the two conductive plates (3) are provided with wedge-shaped chamfers (31) relative to the side edges of the thin film (2), and the chamfers (31) are oppositely arranged to form air guide openings (32) for air to pass through.
3. The self-driven flow rate and flow sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the angle formed between the two conductive plates (3) is 5-40 degrees.
4. The driven flow rate and flow rate sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the length of the conductive plate (3) is similar to that of the film (2).
5. The self-driven flow rate and flow sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the film (2) adopts an FEP film, a PTFE film or a PFA film.
6. The self-driven flow rate and flow sensor according to claim 5, characterized in that: the surface of the film (2) is coated with nano particles, nano wires, nano columns or nano triangles for increasing the contact area.
7. The self-driven flow rate and flow sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the supporting frame (1) is a hollow structure surrounded by acrylic plates.
8. The self-driven flow rate and flow sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the conductive plate (3) is an aluminum plate, an iron plate, a copper plate or a silver plate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010837426.8A CN112034201A (en) | 2020-08-19 | 2020-08-19 | Self-driven flow velocity and flow sensor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010837426.8A CN112034201A (en) | 2020-08-19 | 2020-08-19 | Self-driven flow velocity and flow sensor |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112034201A true CN112034201A (en) | 2020-12-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202010837426.8A Pending CN112034201A (en) | 2020-08-19 | 2020-08-19 | Self-driven flow velocity and flow sensor |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113219203A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-08-06 | 南京邮电大学 | Self-powered wind speed and direction sensor |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB8517807D0 (en) * | 1985-07-15 | 1985-08-21 | Oliver R | Flexible ligament |
| CN105319390A (en) * | 2015-11-21 | 2016-02-10 | 吉林大学 | A flow rate and flow direction sensor based on the tumbler principle |
| CN105988018A (en) * | 2015-03-23 | 2016-10-05 | 罗斯蒙特航天公司 | Air data probe with improved performance at angle of attack operation |
| CN106568986A (en) * | 2016-11-01 | 2017-04-19 | 重庆大学 | Self-driven wind sensor |
-
2020
- 2020-08-19 CN CN202010837426.8A patent/CN112034201A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB8517807D0 (en) * | 1985-07-15 | 1985-08-21 | Oliver R | Flexible ligament |
| CN105988018A (en) * | 2015-03-23 | 2016-10-05 | 罗斯蒙特航天公司 | Air data probe with improved performance at angle of attack operation |
| CN105319390A (en) * | 2015-11-21 | 2016-02-10 | 吉林大学 | A flow rate and flow direction sensor based on the tumbler principle |
| CN106568986A (en) * | 2016-11-01 | 2017-04-19 | 重庆大学 | Self-driven wind sensor |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 夏月冬: "面向自供电传感节点的风能收集器研究", 《中国优秀博硕士学位论文全文数据库(硕士)工程科技Ⅱ辑》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113219203A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-08-06 | 南京邮电大学 | Self-powered wind speed and direction sensor |
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| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information | ||
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Inventor after: Xu Qinghao Inventor after: Xie Yannan Inventor before: Xie Yannan Inventor before: Xu Qinghao |
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Application publication date: 20201204 |