CN112033521B - Local noise self-filtering hybrid optical fiber vibration sensing system - Google Patents
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 191
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 89
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- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
- G01H9/004—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors
- G01H9/006—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors the vibrations causing a variation in the relative position of the end of a fibre and another element
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Abstract
The invention relates to a local noise self-filtering hybrid optical fiber vibration sensing system, which adopts a wavelength division multiplexing technology to realize the fusion of forward interference light based on a Michelson interference structure and a Mach-Zehnder interference structure and backward scattering light based on a coherent light time domain reflection structure, and simultaneously realizes the separation of laser with different central wavelengths by means of an optical fiber coupler and a passive filter. The method comprises the steps of utilizing a Mach-Zehnder interference structure to automatically filter local noise, utilizing a Michelson interference structure to carry out waveform reduction on a vibration signal, utilizing a coherent light time domain reflection system to carry out space positioning on the vibration signal, and finally realizing waveform reduction and space positioning of the vibration signal under the local noise. In addition, the forward interference light adopts a random double-feedback phase modulation chaotic light source, so that scattering noise in a light path can be suppressed, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the system is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical fiber sensing, in particular to a hybrid optical fiber vibration sensing system capable of self-filtering local noise.
Background
In recent years, the optical fiber vibration sensing technology has the advantages of strong anti-interference, high sensitivity and the like, and is gradually applied to the fields of perimeter security, transportation, fault diagnosis and the like. The forward interference type optical fiber vibration sensing system based on the Michelson interference structure or the Mach-Zehnder interference structure is composed of two single-mode optical fibers with the same length, can sense and restore a vibration signal, but has the defect that the vibration signal is difficult to position. The backscattering type optical fiber vibration sensing system based on the coherent light time domain reflection structure utilizes the backscattering scattered light and the intrinsic light to generate beat frequency signals, can accurately position vibration signals, but is difficult to restore the vibration signals due to weaker backscattering light signals, is easy to be interfered by local environment noise of a demodulation system, and influences the vibration detection performance of the system.
In order to solve the problem, the invention adopts a wavelength division multiplexing technology, utilizes a coupler and a passive filter structure to fuse forward interference light and backward scattering light, realizes the reduction and positioning of a vibration signal through a Michelson interference structure and a coherent light time domain reflection structure, and self-filters local noise through a Mach-Zehnder interference structure. In order to suppress noise interference, wide-spectrum and noise-like chaotic laser is used as a light source of a forward interference structure, so that scattering noise in an optical fiber can be suppressed, and the signal-to-noise ratio of a system is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a local noise self-filtering hybrid optical fiber vibration sensing system, which aims to adopt a wavelength division multiplexing technology to combine forward interference light and backward scattering light, self-filter local noise by using a Mach-Zehnder interference structure, restore a vibration waveform of a vibration signal by using a Michelson interference structure, and finally spatially position the vibration signal by using a coherent optical time domain reflection system, thereby finally realizing the waveform restoration and the spatial positioning of the vibration signal under the local noise.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: constructing a local noise self-filtering hybrid fiber optic vibration sensing system comprising:
a laser, a first circulator, a first fiber coupler, a first variable optical attenuator, a first phase modulator, an arbitrary waveform generator, a first variable fiber delay line, a second variable optical attenuator, a second phase modulator, a second variable fiber delay line, a second fiber coupler, a third fiber coupler, an optical isolator, a fourth fiber coupler, a first filter, a fifth fiber coupler, a first sensing fiber, a second sensing fiber, a sixth fiber coupler, a first photodetector, a second filter, a third sensing fiber, a first fiber grating device, a fourth sensing fiber, a third filter, a second fiber grating device, a second photodetector, a narrow-line laser, a seventh fiber coupler, an acousto-optic modulator, a signal generator, a erbium-doped fiber amplifier, a fourth filter, a second circulator, a fifth filter, a second fiber grating device, a third fiber grating device, a second fiber grating device, a narrow-line laser, a seventh fiber coupler, an acousto-optic modulator, a signal generator, a erbium-doped fiber amplifier, a fourth filter, a second circulator, a fifth filter, a fourth fiber grating device, a third fiber grating device, a fourth fiber grating device, a third filter, a third fiber grating device, a second fiber grating device, a fourth fiber grating device, a second fiber grating device, a third fiber grating device, a second fiber grating device, a third fiber grating device, a second fiber grating device, a third fiber grating device, a second fiber grating device, a third fiber grating device, a second fiber grating, a third fiber grating, a second fiber grating device, a third fiber grating device, a second fiber grating device, a third fiber grating, a second fiber grating, a third fiber grating, a second fiber grating, a third fiber grating, a second fiber grating, a third fiber grating, a second fiber grating, a third fiber grating, a second, The eighth optical fiber coupler, the balanced photoelectric detector and the data acquisition module;
the laser is connected with an a port of a first circulator, a b port of the first circulator is connected with an input end of a first optical fiber coupler, an a port of an output end of the first optical fiber coupler is connected with an input port of a first variable optical attenuator, an output port of the first variable optical attenuator is connected with an input port of a first phase modulator, the first phase modulator is simultaneously connected to an arbitrary waveform generator and is modulated and driven by the arbitrary waveform generator, an output port of the first phase modulator is connected with an input port of a first variable optical fiber delay line, an output port of the variable optical fiber delay line is connected with an a port of a second optical fiber coupler, a b port of the first optical fiber coupler is connected with an input port of a second variable optical attenuator, and an output port of the second variable optical attenuator is connected with an input port of the second phase modulator; the second phase modulator is connected with the arbitrary waveform generator and is modulated and driven by the arbitrary waveform generator, the output port of the second phase modulator is connected with the input port of the second variable optical fiber delay line, the output port of the second variable optical fiber delay line is connected with the port b of the second optical fiber coupler, the second optical fiber coupler is connected with the port b of the third optical fiber coupler, the port c of the first circulator is connected with the output end of the third optical fiber coupler, the port a of the third optical fiber coupler is connected with the input port of the optical isolator, and the chaotic light source is formed by the devices;
the output port of the optical isolator is connected with the c port of the fourth optical fiber coupler, the f port of the fourth optical fiber coupler is connected with the input port of the first filter, the output port of the first filter is connected with the input end of the fifth optical fiber coupler, the output end a port of the fifth optical fiber coupler is connected with the input end a port of the sixth optical fiber coupler through the first sensing optical fiber, the output end b port of the fifth optical fiber coupler is connected with the input end b port of the sixth optical fiber coupler through the second sensing optical fiber, the output end of the sixth optical fiber coupler is connected with the input port of the first photoelectric detector, the output port of the first photoelectric detector is connected with the data acquisition module, the d port of the fourth optical fiber coupler is connected with the input port of the second filter, the output port of the second filter is connected with the first optical fiber grating device through the third sensing optical fiber, the e port of the fourth optical fiber coupler is connected with the input port of the third filter through the fourth sensing optical fiber, the output port of the third filter is connected with the second fiber grating device; the b port of a fourth optical fiber coupler is connected with the input port of a second photoelectric detector, the output port of the second photoelectric detector is connected with a data acquisition module, a narrow-linewidth laser is connected with the input end of a seventh optical fiber coupler, the output end a port of the seventh optical fiber coupler is connected with the input end a port of an eighth optical fiber coupler, the output end b port of the seventh optical fiber coupler is connected with the input port of an acousto-optic modulator, the acousto-optic modulator is connected with a signal generator and is driven by the modulation of the signal generator, the output port of the acousto-optic modulator is connected with the input port of an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier, the output port of the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier is connected with the input port of a fourth filter, the output port of the fourth filter is connected with the a port of a second circulator, the b port of the second circulator is connected with the a port of the fourth optical fiber coupler, and the c port of the second circulator is connected with the input port of a fifth filter, the output port of the fifth filter is connected with the port b of the input end of the eighth optical fiber coupler, the output end of the eighth optical fiber coupler is connected with the input port of the balanced photoelectric detector, and the output port of the balanced photoelectric detector is connected with the data acquisition module.
Compared with the prior art, the local noise self-filtering hybrid optical fiber vibration sensing system disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the wavelength division multiplexing technology is adopted, two laser light sources with larger central wavelength difference are used, the fusion of forward interference light based on a Michelson interference structure and a Mach-Zehnder interference structure and backward scattering light based on a coherent light time domain reflection structure is realized, and meanwhile, an optical fiber coupler and a passive filter device are used for realizing the separation of laser light with different central wavelengths; the invention adopts the Michelson interference structure based on the forward interference light, and utilizes the change of the forward interference light intensity formed by the equal-length sensing arm and the reference arm to carry out the vibration waveform reduction, compared with the vibration waveform reduction by adopting a coherent light time domain reflection structure, the invention has the advantages of simple structure, no need of complex demodulation algorithm and demodulation structure, and large system frequency response range; the invention adopts a Mach-Zehnder interference structure based on forward interference light, and realizes self-filtering of local environment noise of a demodulation system by using the change of forward interference light intensity formed by the equal-length sensing arm and the equal-length reference arm, thereby improving the anti-interference capability of the system; the invention adopts the random double-feedback phase modulation chaotic light source as the laser light source of the forward interference light, has the advantages of wide frequency spectrum and noise-like, can inhibit the scattering noise in the light path and improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the system.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hybrid fiber vibration sensing system with local noise self-filtering provided in the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a more clear understanding of the technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a hybrid fiber optic vibration sensing system with local noise self-filtering, comprising: the optical fiber coupler comprises a laser 1, a first circulator 2, a first optical fiber coupler 3, a first variable optical attenuator 4, a first phase modulator 5, an arbitrary waveform generator 6, a first variable optical fiber delay line 7, a second variable optical attenuator 8, a second phase modulator 9, a second variable optical fiber delay line 10, a second optical fiber coupler 11, a third optical fiber coupler 12, an optical isolator 13, a fourth optical fiber coupler 15, a first filter 16, a fifth optical fiber coupler 17, a first sensing optical fiber 18, a second sensing optical fiber 19, a sixth optical fiber coupler 20, a first photodetector 21, a second filter 22, a third sensing optical fiber 23, a first optical fiber grating device 24, a fourth sensing optical fiber 25, a third filter 26, a second optical fiber grating device 27, a second photodetector 28, a narrow-linewidth laser 29, a seventh optical fiber coupler 30, an acousto-optic modulator 31, a signal generator 32, a first variable optical fiber delay line 13, a second variable optical fiber grating device 27, a second optical fiber coupler 28, a sixth optical fiber coupler 20, a first photoelectric detector 21, a second filter 22, a third optical grating device 23, a third optical fiber grating device, a fourth optical fiber 25, a third filter 26, a second optical fiber grating device 27, a second optical fiber grating device, a narrow-width laser 29, a seventh optical fiber coupler 30, an acousto-optic modulator 31, a signal generator 32, a signal generator, a second optical fiber coupler, a signal generator, a phase modulator, and a phase modulator, and a phase-delay line, An erbium-doped fiber amplifier 33, a fourth filter 34, a second circulator 35, a fifth filter 36, an eighth fiber coupler 37, a balanced photodetector 38 and a data acquisition module 39;
wherein, the laser 1 is connected with the port a of the first circulator 2, the port b of the first circulator 2 is connected with the input end of the first optical fiber coupler 3, the port a of the output end of the first optical fiber coupler 3 is connected with the input port of the first variable optical attenuator 4, the output port of the first variable optical attenuator 4 is connected with the input port of the first phase modulator 5, the first phase modulator 5 is simultaneously connected with the arbitrary waveform generator 6 and is modulated and driven by the arbitrary waveform generator 6, the output port of the first phase modulator 5 is connected with the input port of the first variable optical fiber delay line 7, an output port of the variable optical fiber delay line 7 is connected with a port a of a second optical fiber coupler 11, a port b of the first optical fiber coupler 3 is connected with an input port of a second variable optical attenuator 8, and an output port of the second variable optical attenuator 8 is connected with an input port of a second phase modulator 9; the second phase modulator 9 is connected with the arbitrary waveform generator 6 and is modulated and driven by the arbitrary waveform generator 6, the output port of the second phase modulator 9 is connected with the input port of the second variable optical fiber delay line 10, the output port of the second variable optical fiber delay line 10 is connected with the b port of the second optical fiber coupler 11, the second optical fiber coupler 11 is connected with the b port of the third optical fiber coupler 12, the c port of the first circulator 2 is connected with the output end of the third optical fiber coupler 12, the a port of the third optical fiber coupler 12 is connected with the input port of the optical isolator 13, and the chaotic light source 14 is formed by the above components;
an output port of the optical isolator 13 is connected with a port c of the fourth optical fiber coupler 15, a port f of the fourth optical fiber coupler 15 is connected with an input port of the first filter 16, an output port of the first filter 16 is connected with an input end of the fifth optical fiber coupler 17, an output end port a of the fifth optical fiber coupler 17 is connected with an input end port a of the sixth optical fiber coupler 20 through the first sensing optical fiber 18, an output end port b of the fifth optical fiber coupler 17 is connected with an input end port b of the sixth optical fiber coupler 20 through the second sensing optical fiber 19, an output end of the sixth optical fiber coupler 20 is connected with an input port of the first photoelectric detector 21, an output port of the first photoelectric detector 21 is connected with the data acquisition module 39, a port d of the fourth optical fiber coupler 15 is connected with an input port of the second filter 22, an output port of the second filter 22 is connected with the first optical fiber grating device 24 through the third sensing optical fiber 23, the e port of the fourth fiber coupler 15 is connected with the input port of the third filter 26 through the fourth sensing fiber 25, and the output port of the third filter 26 is connected with the second fiber grating device 27; the b port of the fourth optical fiber coupler 15 is connected with the input port of the second photodetector 28, the output port of the second photodetector 28 is connected with the data acquisition module 39, the narrow linewidth laser 29 is connected with the input end of the seventh optical fiber coupler 30, the output end a port of the seventh optical fiber coupler 30 is connected with the input end a port of the eighth optical fiber coupler 37, the output end b port of the seventh optical fiber coupler 30 is connected with the input port of the acousto-optic modulator 31, the acousto-optic modulator 31 is connected with the signal generator 32 and is driven by the signal generator 32, the output port of the acousto-optic modulator 31 is connected with the input port of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier 33, the output port of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier 33 is connected with the input port of the fourth filter 34, the output port of the fourth filter 34 is connected with the a port of the second circulator 35, the b port of the second circulator 35 is connected with the a port of the fourth optical fiber coupler 15, the c port of the second circulator 35 is connected to the input port of the fifth filter 36, the output port of the fifth filter 36 is connected to the b port of the input end of the eighth fiber coupler 37, the output end of the eighth fiber coupler 37 is connected to the input port of the balanced photodetector 38, and the output port of the balanced photodetector 38 is connected to the data acquisition module 39.
The laser 1 generates laser with 1310nm center wavelength and reaches a first optical fiber coupler 3 through an a port of a first circulator 2, the laser with 50% of a port output optical power of the first optical fiber coupler 3 reaches a first phase modulator 5 through a first variable optical attenuator 4, the first phase modulator 5 is modulated by random signals output by an arbitrary waveform generator 6, the laser output by the first phase modulator 5 reaches a second optical fiber coupler 11 through a first variable optical fiber delay line 7, the laser with 50% of a port output optical power of the first optical fiber coupler 3 reaches a second phase modulator 9 through a second variable optical attenuator 8, the second phase modulator 9 is modulated by the random signals generated by the arbitrary waveform generator 6, the laser output by the second phase modulator 9 reaches a second optical fiber coupler 11 through a second variable optical fiber delay line 10, the laser output by the second optical fiber coupler 11 reaches a third optical fiber coupler 12, meanwhile, the laser output from the c port of the first circulator 2 reaches the third optical fiber coupler 12, the laser output from the a port of the third optical fiber coupler 12 reaches the isolator 13, the chaotic light source 14 is composed of the above components, the chaotic laser output from the isolator 13 is input from the c port of the fourth optical fiber coupler 15, the chaotic laser with the central wavelength of 1310nm is output from the f port of the fourth optical fiber coupler 15, the chaotic laser is filtered by the first filter 16 and reaches the fifth optical fiber coupler 17, the laser with the output optical power of 50% from the a port of the fifth optical fiber coupler 17 reaches the sixth optical fiber coupler 20 through the first sensing optical fiber 18, the laser with the output optical power of 50% from the b port of the fifth optical fiber coupler 17 reaches the sixth optical fiber coupler 20 through the second sensing optical fiber 19, the laser output from the sixth optical fiber coupler 20 is detected by the first photoelectric detector 21 and is collected by the data collection module 39, obtaining a waveform signal of local noise through data processing; the chaotic light with 1310nm center wavelength output from the d port of the fourth fiber coupler 15 is filtered by the second filter 22, and then reaches the first fiber grating device 24 through the third sensing fiber 23, the first fiber grating device 24 reflects the chaotic light with 1310nm center wavelength and passes through the third sensing fiber 23 and the second filter 22, and enters the d port of the fourth fiber coupler 15, the chaotic light output from the e port of the fourth fiber coupler 15 passes through the fourth sensing fiber 25 and the third filter 26 to reach the second fiber grating device 27, the chaotic light with 1310nm center wavelength is reflected by the second fiber grating device 27, and enters the e port of the fourth fiber coupler 15 through the third filter 26 and the fourth sensing fiber 25, two chaotic lights entering the d port of the fourth fiber coupler 15 and the e port of the fourth fiber coupler 15 interfere with each other when meeting each other, and the interfered light is output from the b port of the fourth fiber coupler 15, the interference signal is converted into an electrical signal in the second photodetector 28 and is finally collected by the data collection module 39, the interference signal can detect the waveform of the signal to be detected, and the waveform to be detected can be restored through data processing; the narrow-linewidth laser 29 generates a narrow-linewidth laser with a central wavelength of 1550nm, the narrow-linewidth laser outputs 1% of intrinsic light to an a port of an eighth optical fiber coupler 37 through an a port of a seventh optical fiber coupler 30, 99% of laser light output by a b port of the seventh optical fiber coupler 30 is modulated into pulse light through an acousto-optic modulator 31, a modulation signal of the acousto-optic modulator 31 is emitted by a signal generator 32, the pulse light is amplified by an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier 33 and filtered for substrate noise by a fourth filter 34, then enters from the a port of a second circulator 35 and is output from the b port of the second circulator 35, then enters into an a port of a fourth optical fiber coupler 15 and enters into a fourth sensing optical fiber 25 from an e port of the fourth optical fiber coupler 15, the pulse light generates backward rayleigh scattering light carrying vibration information when transmitted in the fourth sensing optical fiber 25, the backward scattering light is output through the a port of the fourth optical fiber coupler 15, entering a port b of the second circulator 35, reaching the fifth filter 36 through a port c of the second circulator 35, filtering out backward rayleigh scattered light with a center wavelength of 1550nm, entering a port b of the eighth fiber coupler 37, generating beat frequency with intrinsic light input from a port a of the eighth fiber coupler 37, detecting and converting the beat frequency signal into an electrical signal by the balanced photodetector 38, finally acquiring the electrical signal by the data acquisition module 39, and obtaining the position information of the vibration to be detected through data processing. The local noise self-filtering hybrid optical fiber vibration sensing system formed by the device can realize waveform restoration and spatial positioning of a vibration signal to be detected under local noise interference.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (1)
1. A local noise self-filtering hybrid fiber optic vibration sensing system, comprising:
the optical fiber phase-change optical fiber laser comprises a laser (1), a first circulator (2), a first optical fiber coupler (3), a first variable optical attenuator (4), a first phase modulator (5), an arbitrary waveform generator (6), a first variable optical fiber delay line (7), a second variable optical attenuator (8), a second phase modulator (9), a second variable optical fiber delay line (10), a second optical fiber coupler (11), a third optical fiber coupler (12), an optical isolator (13), a fourth optical fiber coupler (15), a first filter (16), a fifth optical fiber coupler (17), a first sensing optical fiber (18), a second sensing optical fiber (19), a sixth optical fiber coupler (20), a first photoelectric detector (21), a second filter (22), a third sensing optical fiber (23), a first optical fiber grating device (24), a fourth sensing optical fiber (25), a third filter (26), The device comprises a second fiber grating device (27), a second photoelectric detector (28), a narrow linewidth laser (29), a seventh fiber coupler (30), an acousto-optic modulator (31), a signal generator (32), an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (33), a fourth filter (34), a second circulator (35), a fifth filter (36), an eighth fiber coupler (37), a balanced photoelectric detector (38) and a data acquisition module (39);
wherein, the laser (1) is connected with the port a of the first circulator (2), the port b of the first circulator (2) is connected with the input end of the first optical fiber coupler (3), the port a of the output end of the first optical fiber coupler (3) is connected with the input port of the first variable optical attenuator (4), the output port of the first variable optical attenuator (4) is connected with the input port of the first phase modulator (5), the first phase modulator (5) is simultaneously connected with the arbitrary waveform generator (6) and is driven by the arbitrary waveform generator (6), the output port of the first phase modulator (5) is connected with the input port of the first variable optical fiber delay line (7), the output port of the variable optical fiber delay line (7) is connected with the port a of the second optical fiber coupler (11), the port b of the first optical fiber coupler (3) is connected with the input port of the second variable optical attenuator (8), the output port of the second variable optical attenuator (8) is connected with the input port of a second phase modulator (9); the second phase modulator (9) is connected with the arbitrary waveform generator (6) and is modulated and driven by the arbitrary waveform generator (6), the output port of the second phase modulator (9) is connected with the input port of the second variable optical fiber delay line (10), the output port of the second variable optical fiber delay line (10) is connected with the b port of the second optical fiber coupler (11), the second optical fiber coupler (11) is connected with the b port of the third optical fiber coupler (12), the c port of the first circulator (2) is connected with the output port of the third optical fiber coupler (12), the a port of the third optical fiber coupler (12) is connected with the input port of the optical isolator (13), and the chaotic light source (14) is formed by the devices;
an output port of the optical isolator (13) is connected with a port c of a fourth optical fiber coupler (15), a port f of the fourth optical fiber coupler (15) is connected with an input port of a first filter (16), an output port of the first filter (16) is connected with an input end of a fifth optical fiber coupler (17), an output end port a of the fifth optical fiber coupler (17) is connected with an input end port a of a sixth optical fiber coupler (20) through a first sensing optical fiber (18), an output end port b of the fifth optical fiber coupler (17) is connected with an input end port b of the sixth optical fiber coupler (20) through a second sensing optical fiber (19), an output end of the sixth optical fiber coupler (20) is connected with an input port of a first photoelectric detector (21), an output port of the first photoelectric detector (21) is connected with a data acquisition module (39), a port d of the fourth optical fiber coupler (15) is connected with an input port of a second filter (22), the output port of the second filter (22) is connected with the first fiber grating device (24) through a third sensing fiber (23), the e port of the fourth fiber coupler (15) is connected with the input port of a third filter (26) through a fourth sensing fiber (25), and the output port of the third filter (26) is connected with the second fiber grating device (27); a b port of the fourth optical fiber coupler (15) is connected with an input port of a second photoelectric detector (28), an output port of the second photoelectric detector (28) is connected with a data acquisition module (39), a narrow linewidth laser (29) is connected with an input end of a seventh optical fiber coupler (30), an output end a port of the seventh optical fiber coupler (30) is connected with an input end a port of an eighth optical fiber coupler (37), an output end b port of the seventh optical fiber coupler (30) is connected with an input port of an acousto-optic modulator (31), the acousto-optic modulator (31) is connected with a signal generator (32) and is driven by the signal generator (32) in a modulation way, an output port of the acousto-optic modulator (31) is connected with an input port of a erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier (33), an output port of the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier (33) is connected with an input port of a fourth filter (34), an output port of the fourth filter (34) is connected with a port a of a second circulator (35), a port b of the second circulator (35) is connected with a port a of a fourth optical fiber coupler (15), a port c of the second circulator (35) is connected with an input port of a fifth filter (36), an output port of the fifth filter (36) is connected with a port b of an input end of an eighth optical fiber coupler (37), an output end of the eighth optical fiber coupler (37) is connected with an input port of a balanced photoelectric detector (38), and an output port of the balanced photoelectric detector (38) is connected with a data acquisition module (39).
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