CN112033358A - A kind of subsidence monitoring device for goaf subsidence area - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a mining subsidence area subsidence monitoring device, which adopts the technical scheme that: comprises a controller, a fixed bearing plate and a movable bearing plate; the fixed bearing plate and the movable bearing plate are both provided with fixed pulleys, and ropes are wound on the fixed pulleys between the fixed bearing plate and the movable bearing plate; one end of the rope is fixedly connected with the fixed bearing plate or the movable bearing plate, and the other end of the rope is fixedly connected with the fixed bearing plate or the movable bearing plate through the tensile displacement sensor; the fixed bearing plate is fixedly connected with the upper base protective cylinder through a connecting rod; the base protection cylinder is provided with an external thread cylinder, the external thread cylinder is in threaded fit with the movable bearing plate, a driving motor is installed in the base protection cylinder, and the output end of the driving motor is fixedly connected with the external thread cylinder; the output end of the stretching displacement sensor is electrically connected with the input end of the controller, and the output end of the controller is electrically connected with the input end of the driving motor. The method has the advantages of strong applicability, high automation degree, high accuracy of monitoring results, low investment cost and the like.

Description

A kind of subsidence monitoring device for goaf subsidence area

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of environmental treatment in mining areas, and more particularly, to a subsidence monitoring device in a goaf subsidence area.

Background technique

Mined out area breakdown refers to the phenomenon of ground subsidence caused by the instability of the upper rock and soil layer under the action of its own weight due to the formation of space by underground excavation. As the demand for coal continues to increase and the scale of coal resource development expands, the problem of goaf subsidence is becoming more and more serious. While coal resource development has made great contributions to social and economic development, it also has a very significant impact on the mining environment. For this reason, it is very necessary to study the subsidence monitoring of the goaf subsidence area.

At present, when the gob subsidence area is subsidence, the subsidence speed increases from top to bottom with the difference in the depth position between the ground surface and the bottom plate of the gob area. The Chinese patent with the announcement number of CN103528563B is now retrieved, which discloses a method for monitoring the subsidence of a goaf subsidence area by using a subsidence monitoring system, which mainly includes: a normal-speed subsidence layer protection tube, a slow-speed subsidence layer protection tube and a micro-speed subsidence layer protection tube The cylinder is nested with the steel base casing layer by layer through the sealing ring and the ball respectively, and is anchored with the corresponding layer through the annular protrusion; then through the first fixed end and the first tape measure, the second fixed end and the second tape measure, the third The three fixed ends and the third tape measure are used to read the subsidence value of each layer with the help of the combined structure of the ground pulley and the counterweight scale to realize the monitoring of the goaf subsidence area. The invention can monitor the subsidence development of the goaf subsidence area in real time, continuously and at the millimeter level, and provide strong support for the environmental management of the mining area.

However, the above-mentioned subsidence monitoring technology in the goaf subsidence area has the following defects: 1. As the subsidence layers with different subsidence speeds are divided into more detail, the number of tapes increases continuously, the installation operation of the tapes is complicated, and the adjacent tapes are easy to contact and interfere with each other. 2. Since one end of the tape measure is relatively fixed to the ground surface, and the other end is fixedly connected to the corresponding protective tube, the longer the length of the tape measure corresponding to the bottom protective tube, the greater the detection error under the action of its own tension; 3. With the help of the ground The combined structure of the pulley and the counterweight can read the subsidence value, and the accuracy of the subsidence value is easily affected by external environmental factors such as ground surface vibration, wind force, and debris attachment; 4. Reading the subsidence value can only measure the difference between each subsidence layer and the ground. It has a single function; at the same time, the cost of manpower and material resources in the overall detection process is high, and the degree of intelligence is low, making it difficult to popularize and apply. Therefore, how to further study and design a subsidence monitoring device in the goaf subsidence area is an urgent problem that we need to solve at present.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a subsidence monitoring device in a goaf subsidence area, which has the advantages of strong applicability, high degree of automation, high accuracy of monitoring results, and low input cost, so that it can be widely popularized. application.

The above-mentioned technical purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a subsidence monitoring device for a goaf subsidence area, comprising a top plate that is relatively fixed to the ground, a base shield sleeved sequentially from top to bottom, and a controller and a fixed bearing plate and a movable bearing plate both located in the base casing; the top of the base casing is open, and the bottom end is closed; at least one fixed pulley is arranged on the opposite surfaces of the fixed bearing plate and the movable bearing plate, and the fixed bearing The fixed pulley between the plate and the movable bearing plate is wound with a rope forming at least two displacement sections; one end of the rope is fixedly connected to the fixed bearing plate or the movable bearing plate, and the other end is fixed to the fixed bearing plate or the movable bearing plate through a tensile displacement sensor Connection; the fixed bearing plate is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the upper base protective cylinder through a connecting rod; at least two external thread cylinders are arranged in the base protective cylinder, the external thread cylinders are threadedly matched with the movable bearing plate, and the base protective cylinder is installed with a The output end of the drive motor is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the external thread cylinder; the output end of the tensile displacement sensor is electrically connected with the input end of the controller, and the output end of the controller is electrically connected with the input end of the drive motor.

By adopting the above technical solution, the monitoring device is installed vertically in the cavity from the ground surface to the bottom plate of the goaf, and is fixed one-to-one with the subsidence layer by concrete or structural glue; when subsidence occurs between adjacent subsidence layers When the base guard on the lower layer slides vertically downward relative to the base guard on the upper layer, the fixed bearing plate and the movable bearing plate move away from each other synchronously, so that the rope slides between the fixed pulleys and stretches the displacement sensor. Measure the movement amount of the rope, and calculate the movement amount and the number of displacement sections to obtain the subsidence value between adjacent subsidence layers. Obtained: After the first subsidence numerical monitoring is completed, the controller controls the drive motor to start, and the drive motor drives the external thread cylinder to rotate, so that the movable carrier plate moves vertically upwards and returns to the initial state, which is convenient for repeated and accurate measurement of the displacement between the subsidence layers.

In the present invention, the displacement section is further arranged in parallel with the axial direction of the base casing.

By adopting the above technical solution, the subsidence value between adjacent subsidence layers can be directly obtained by dividing the movement amount by the number of displacement sections, which is not only easy to calculate the subsidence value, but also avoids the calculation error of the subsidence value caused by the inclined setting of the displacement section. bigger problem.

The present invention further provides that: the shutdown of the drive motor is in response to the zero value detection signal of the tensile displacement sensor.

By adopting the above technical solution, when the movable bearing plate moves vertically upward, the rope slides on the fixed pulley, so that the tensile displacement sensor gradually recovers, and when the detection value of the tensile displacement sensor is zero, the drive motor stops, that is, the tensile displacement The sensor can be monitored repeatedly and stably, and the system composed of rope, fixed pulley and tensile displacement sensor can be calibrated every time, which improves the accuracy of each monitoring result.

The present invention is further provided that: the output end of the controller is provided with an alarm device, the controller generates an alarm command after the output control rotation angle reaches the early warning rotation angle, and the alarm device sends out an alarm signal in response to the alarm command.

By adopting the above technical scheme, when the controller controls the drive motor to drive the movable bearing plate to reach a certain displacement, that is, the subsidence value between adjacent subsidence layers reaches the dangerous edge, and an alarm signal is issued to give an early warning.

The present invention is further configured as follows: the input end of the controller is provided with an angle sensor, the angle sensor is used to measure the actual rotation angle of the driving motor, the controller generates an early warning command according to the comparison result between the actual rotation angle and the output control rotation angle, and the alarm responds The warning signal is issued after the warning command.

By adopting the above technical solution, if the comparison result between the actual rotation angle and the output control rotation angle is inconsistent, it means that there is looseness between the tensile displacement sensor, the rope, the fixed pulley, and the movable bearing plate, which is convenient for the staff to make decisions after receiving the warning signal. The countermeasures are reliable in use.

The present invention further provides that: the output end of the controller is provided with a wireless communication module for remote control.

By adopting the above technical solution, the wireless communication module can transmit the sinking value and the output signal of the alarm to the upper computer, and can accept the control commands transmitted by the upper computer, so as to realize unmanned remote monitoring, and the cost of manpower and material resources is low.

The present invention is further provided as follows: the surface of the top plate is provided with a display screen, and the input end of the display screen is connected with the output end of the controller.

By adopting the above technical solution, the display screen can display the subsidence value and the output signal of the alarm device in real time, which is convenient for maintenance personnel to visually check the operation status of the monitoring device.

The invention is further provided that: the top end of the external thread cylinder is movably inserted with an insertion rod, and the other end of the insertion rod is fixedly connected with the outer bottom surface of the upper-layer base protective cylinder.

By adopting the above technical solution, the insertion rod and the external thread cylinder can be movably inserted, which can limit the relative circular rotation between the adjacent base casings and enhance the stability of the monitoring device in use.

The present invention is further provided that: the inner wall of the base casing is provided with an airtight layer.

By adopting the above technical solution, the airtight layer can prevent the external moist air from entering the base casing, so that the internal components of the base casing can operate in a relatively stable environment, and the service life of the monitoring device is prolonged.

The present invention further provides that: the outer wall of the base protecting cylinder is provided with a triangular anchoring ring.

By adopting the above technical solution, when the base protective tube is fixedly installed with the corresponding subsidence layer, the anchor ring can limit the relative sliding of the base protective tube relative to the corresponding subsidence layer.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The present invention can flexibly adjust the number of base shields with the increase of the number of layers of the subsidence layer, and the monitoring between adjacent base shields is independent of each other and does not affect each other, easy installation, stable operation of internal devices, and monitoring results. Stable and reliable;

2. In the present invention, the monitoring between the adjacent base casings is independent and complementary to each other, and the automatic monitoring of the subsidence value is realized through multiple displacement sections, fixed pulleys and tensile displacement sensors, and the tension of the rope itself is weakened at the same time. The influence on the monitoring results, the monitoring error is small;

3. The invention can not only directly obtain the subsidence value between adjacent subsidence layers, but also obtain the subsidence value between the spaced subsidence layers, realizes unmanned remote monitoring, has strong applicability and low input cost;

4. The present invention counts the accumulated subsidence values, and automatically sends out an alarm signal when a preset value is obtained. At the same time, after each monitoring is completed, the internal components of the monitoring device are reset and automatically calibrated, so that the overall monitoring result is highly accurate. .

Description of drawings

In order to explain the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only for the present invention. In some embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without any creative effort.

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the distribution schematic diagram of fixed pulley in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the base shield in the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a working principle diagram in an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 101, airtight layer; 102, base cover; 103, drive motor; 104, external thread cylinder; 105, insert rod; 106, connecting rod; 107, fixed bearing plate; 108, tensile displacement sensor; 109, movable bearing plate; 110, fixed pulley; 111, rope; 112, anchor ring; 201, top plate; 202, display screen; 203, sealing column; 301, controller; 302, alarm; 303, wireless communication module; 304. An angle sensor.

Detailed ways

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings 1-4 and the embodiments.

It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or indirectly on the other component. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly or indirectly connected to the other element.

It is to be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top" , "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying the indicated device. Or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may expressly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise expressly and specifically defined.

Example: a subsidence monitoring device in a goaf subsidence area, as shown in Figures 1, 2, and 4, includes a top plate 201 relatively fixed to the ground, a plurality of base casings 102 that are sequentially sleeved from top to bottom, and The controller 301 and the base casing 102 are provided with a fixed bearing plate 107 and a movable bearing plate 109 . The top end of the base protective tube 102 is open and the bottom end is closed. At least one fixed pulley 110 is provided on the facing surfaces of the fixed bearing plate 107 and the movable bearing plate 109 . The fixed pulley 110 between the fixed bearing plate 107 and the movable bearing plate 109 is wound with a rope 111 forming at least two displacement sections. One end of the rope 111 is fixedly connected to the fixed bearing plate 107 or the movable bearing plate 109, and the other end is fixedly connected to the fixed bearing plate 107 or the movable bearing plate 109 through the tensile displacement sensor 108; The connection is fixed by connecting rod 106 . The base casing 102 is provided with at least two external thread cylinders 104, the external thread cylinders 104 are threadedly matched with the movable bearing plate 109, a drive motor 103 is installed in the base casing 102, and the output end of the drive motor 103 is connected to the external thread cylinder. 104 Bottom fixed connection. The output end of the tensile displacement sensor 108 is electrically connected to the input end of the controller 301 , and the output end of the controller 301 is electrically connected to the input end of the driving motor 103 . Wherein, a sealing column 203 is movably inserted into the base cover 102 of the top layer, and the other end of the sealing column 203 is fixedly connected with the top plate 201 .

As shown in Figures 1 and 4, the monitoring device is installed vertically in the cavity from the ground surface to the bottom plate of the goaf, and is fixed in one-to-one correspondence with the subsidence layer through concrete or structural glue. When the subsidence occurs between adjacent subsidence layers, the base guard 102 of the lower layer slides vertically downward relative to the base guard 102 of the upper layer, so that the fixed bearing plate 107 and the movable bearing plate 109 move away from each other synchronously, so that When the rope 111 slides between the fixed pulleys 110, the tensile displacement sensor 108 measures the movement amount of the rope 111, and calculates the movement amount and the number of displacement sections to obtain the subsidence value between adjacent subsidence layers, and the subsidence of the interval The displacement between layers can be obtained by direct superposition of the subsidence values of adjacent subsidence layers. After the one-time subsidence value monitoring is completed, the controller 301 controls the drive motor 103 to start, and the drive motor 103 drives the external thread cylinder 104 to rotate, so that the movable bearing plate 109 moves vertically upwards and returns to the initial state, which is convenient for repeating and accurate measurement of the difference between the subsidence layers. displacement.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the displacement section is arranged in parallel with the axial direction of the base casing 102 . The subsidence value between adjacent subsidence layers can be directly obtained by dividing the movement amount by the number of displacement sections, which is not only easy to calculate the subsidence value, but also avoids the problem of large errors in the calculation of subsidence values caused by the inclined setting of the displacement section.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4 , the shutdown of the drive motor 103 is in response to the zero-value detection signal of the tensile displacement sensor 108 . When the movable bearing plate 109 moves vertically upward, the rope 111 slides on the fixed pulley 110, so that the tensile displacement sensor 108 gradually recovers. When the detected value of the tensile displacement sensor 108 is zero, the driving motor 103 stops, that is, the tensile displacement is obtained. The sensor 108 can monitor repeatedly and stably, and at the same time can calibrate the system composed of the rope 111, the fixed pulley 110, and the tensile displacement sensor 108 each time, which improves the accuracy of each monitoring result.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the output end of the controller 301 is provided with an alarm device 302 , the controller 301 generates an alarm command after the output control rotation angle reaches the warning rotation angle, and the alarm device 302 sends out an alarm signal in response to the alarm command. When the controller 301 controls the drive motor 103 to drive the movable carrier plate 109 to reach a certain displacement, that is, the subsidence value between adjacent subsidence layers reaches the dangerous edge, the alarm 302 sends out an alarm signal for early warning.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the input end of the controller 301 is provided with an angle sensor 304. The angle sensor 304 is used to measure the actual rotation angle of the drive motor 103. The controller 301 generates an early warning command according to the comparison result between the actual rotation angle and the output control rotation angle, The alarm 302 issues an early warning signal in response to the warning command. If the comparison result between the actual rotation angle and the output control rotation angle is inconsistent, it means that there is looseness between the tensile displacement sensor 108, the rope 111, the fixed pulley 110, and the movable bearing plate 109, which is convenient for the staff to take countermeasures after receiving the warning signal. , the reliability of its use is strong.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the output end of the controller 301 is provided with a wireless communication module 303 for remote control. The wireless communication module 303 can transmit the sinking value and the output signal of the alarm device 302 to the upper computer, and can accept the control commands transmitted by the upper computer, so as to realize unmanned remote monitoring, and the cost of manpower and material resources is low.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4 , a display screen 202 is provided on the surface of the top plate 201 , and the input end of the display screen 202 is connected to the output end of the controller 301 . The display screen 202 can display the subsidence value and the output signal of the alarm device 302 in real time, which is convenient for maintenance personnel to visually check the running state of the monitoring device.

As shown in FIG. 1 , an insertion rod 105 is movably inserted into the top end of the external thread cylinder 104 , and the other end of the insertion rod 105 is fixedly connected to the outer bottom surface of the upper base protective cylinder 102 . The insertion rod 105 is movably inserted into the external thread cylinder 104, which can limit the relative circular rotation between the adjacent base casings 102, and enhance the stability of the monitoring device in use.

As shown in FIG. 2 , an airtight layer 101 is provided on the inner wall of the base casing 102 . The airtight layer 101 can prevent external humid air from entering the base casing 102, so that the internal components of the base casing 102 can operate in a relatively stable environment and prolong the service life of the monitoring device.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the outer wall of the base casing 102 is provided with a triangular anchor ring 112 . When the base protector 102 is fixedly installed with the corresponding subsidence layer, the anchor ring 112 can limit the relative sliding of the base protector 102 relative to the corresponding subsidence layer.

Working process: The monitoring device is installed vertically in the cavity from the ground surface to the bottom plate of the goaf, and is fixed one-to-one with the subsidence layer by concrete or structural glue; when subsidence occurs between adjacent subsidence layers, the lower layer The base cover 102 of the upper layer slides vertically downward relative to the base cover 102 of the upper layer, so that the fixed bearing plate 107 and the movable bearing plate 109 move away from each other synchronously, so that the sliding of the rope 111 between the fixed pulleys 110 and the pulling The displacement sensor 108 measures the movement amount of the rope 111, and calculates the movement amount and the number of displacement sections to obtain the subsidence value between adjacent subsidence layers. The subsidence value of 1 is directly superimposed; after the first subsidence value monitoring is completed, the controller 301 controls the drive motor 103 to start, and the drive motor 103 drives the external thread cylinder 104 to rotate, so that the movable bearing plate 109 moves vertically upwards and returns to the initial state, which is convenient for repeating and accurate The displacement between the subsidence layers is measured.

This specific embodiment is only an explanation of the present invention, and it does not limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make modifications without creative contribution to the present embodiment as needed after reading this specification, but as long as the rights of the present invention are used All claims are protected by patent law.

Claims (10)

1. A mining subsidence area settlement monitoring device comprises a top plate (201) fixed relative to the ground, a base pile casing (102) sleeved from top to bottom in sequence, and is characterized by further comprising a controller (301), and a fixed bearing plate (107) and a movable bearing plate (109) which are both positioned in the base pile casing (102); the top end of the base protection cylinder (102) is provided with an opening, and the bottom end is closed; the opposite surfaces of the fixed bearing plate (107) and the movable bearing plate (109) are respectively provided with at least one fixed pulley (110), and a rope (111) forming at least two displacement sections is wound on the fixed pulley (110) between the fixed bearing plate (107) and the movable bearing plate (109); one end of the rope (111) is fixedly connected with the fixed bearing plate (107) or the movable bearing plate (109), and the other end of the rope is fixedly connected with the fixed bearing plate (107) or the movable bearing plate (109) through the tensile displacement sensor (108); the fixed bearing plate (107) is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the upper base protective cylinder (102) through a connecting rod (106); at least two external thread cylinders (104) are arranged in the base casing (102), the external thread cylinders (104) are in threaded fit with the movable bearing plate (109), a driving motor (103) is arranged in the base casing (102), and the output end of the driving motor (103) is fixedly connected with the bottom ends of the external thread cylinders (104); the output end of the stretching displacement sensor (108) is electrically connected with the input end of the controller (301), and the output end of the controller (301) is electrically connected with the input end of the driving motor (103).

2. A mining subsidence area subsidence monitoring device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the displacement section is arranged parallel to the axial direction of the base casing (102).

3. A mining subsidence area subsidence monitoring device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the shutdown of the driving motor (103) is in response to a zero detection signal of the tension displacement sensor (108).

4. The mining subsidence area subsidence monitoring device of claim 3, wherein an alarm (302) is arranged at an output end of the controller (301), the controller (301) generates an alarm command after outputting a control rotation angle reaching an early-warning rotation angle, and the alarm (302) sends out an alarm signal after responding to the alarm command.

5. The mining subsidence area subsidence monitoring device of claim 4, wherein an angle sensor (304) is arranged at an input end of the controller (301), the angle sensor (304) is used for measuring an actual rotation angle of the driving motor (103), the controller (301) generates an early warning command according to a comparison result of the actual rotation angle and an output control rotation angle, and the alarm (302) sends out an early warning signal after responding to the early warning command.

6. The mining subsidence area subsidence monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the output end of the controller (301) is provided with a wireless communication module (303) for remote control.

7. The mining subsidence area subsidence monitoring device of claim 1, wherein a display screen (202) is arranged on the surface of the top plate (201), and the input end of the display screen (202) is connected with the output end of the controller (301).

8. The mining subsidence area subsidence monitoring device of claim 1, wherein an insert rod (105) is movably inserted at the top end of the external thread cylinder (104), and the other end of the insert rod (105) is fixedly connected with the outer bottom surface of the upper base protective cylinder (102).

9. The mining subsidence area subsidence monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the inner wall of the base casing (102) is provided with an airtight layer (101).

10. A mining subsidence area subsidence monitoring device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outer wall of the base casing (102) is provided with a triangular anchoring ring (112).

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