CN112032822A - Energy-saving full-automatic hot water supply system for students' dormitories - Google Patents

Energy-saving full-automatic hot water supply system for students' dormitories Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112032822A
CN112032822A CN202010952369.8A CN202010952369A CN112032822A CN 112032822 A CN112032822 A CN 112032822A CN 202010952369 A CN202010952369 A CN 202010952369A CN 112032822 A CN112032822 A CN 112032822A
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China
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relay
pin
triode
normally closed
closed contact
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CN202010952369.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN112032822B (en
Inventor
周天沛
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Xuzhou College of Industrial Technology
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Xuzhou College of Industrial Technology
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1051—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for domestic hot water
    • F24D19/1057—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for domestic hot water the system uses solar energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/08—Electric heater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/14—Solar energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies

Abstract

An energy-saving full-automatic hot water supply system for students' dormitories adopts a solar water heater and an electric water heater to jointly provide boiled water and bath hot water, a communicating vessel is arranged at a water inlet of the solar water heater, a lower water level sensor IC2 is arranged at the lower part of the communicating vessel and is positioned at the same horizontal line with the bottom end of a water tank of the solar water heater; the upper water level sensor IC3 is arranged at the upper part of the communicating vessel and is on the same horizontal line with the top end of the water tank of the solar water heater; the solar water heater can provide boiled water and bath hot water for students' dormitories on the premise of effectively utilizing solar energy to save electric energy, and simultaneously solves the problems that the students are inconvenient to use water and the thermos bottle is easy to lose in the background technology.

Description

Energy-saving full-automatic hot water supply system for students' dormitories
Technical Field
The invention relates to a hot water supply system, in particular to an energy-saving full-automatic hot water supply system for a student dormitory, and belongs to the technical field of energy conservation.
Background
At present, students can take a bath in independent toilets in dormitories, but most of the students adopt electric water heaters at present, so that the electric water heaters consume relatively large amount of electricity, and if solar water heaters are adopted, although energy is saved, hot water is not supplied well in rainy days or in peak bathing periods; in addition, the boiled water rooms of schools are all concentrated near dining halls, a lot of students living in high-rise can feel inconvenient, the students living in high-rise can place the thermos in the boiled water rooms before class, and the students take the thermos back to a dormitory after class, but the thermos is easy to lose.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an energy-saving full-automatic hot water supply system for a student dormitory, which can provide boiled water and bath hot water for the student dormitory on the premise of effectively utilizing solar energy to save electric energy.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides an energy-saving full-automatic hot water supply system for a student dormitory, which comprises a solar water heater arranged on a roof and an electric water heater water tank arranged in a room, wherein a water inlet of the solar water heater is connected with tap water through a pipeline, an electromagnetic valve SV1 is arranged on the pipeline, a water outlet of the solar water heater is divided into two paths, one path is connected with a shower hot water valve through a pipeline, an electromagnetic valve SV2 is arranged on the pipeline, the other path is connected with a water inlet of the electric water heater water tank through a pipeline, and an electromagnetic valve SV3 is arranged on the pipeline,
the other water inlet of the water tank of the electric water heater is connected with tap water through a pipeline, an electromagnetic valve SV4 is arranged on the pipeline, the water outlet of the water tank of the electric water heater is divided into two paths, one path is connected with a hot water valve of a shower through the pipeline, an electromagnetic valve SV5 is arranged on the pipeline, the other path is connected with a boiled water tap through the pipeline, and an electromagnetic valve SV6 is arranged on the pipeline;
the photoresistor Rs1 is installed on the sunny side of the top end of the solar water heater, the thermistor Rt1 is installed at the water outlet of the solar water heater, the thermistor Rt2 is installed at the water outlet of the water tank of the electric water heater, and a heating pipe Rf1 is arranged in the water tank of the electric water heater;
a communicating vessel is arranged at the water inlet of the solar water heater, and a lower water level sensor IC2 is arranged at the lower part of the communicating vessel and is positioned at the same horizontal line with the bottom end of a water tank of the solar water heater; the upper water level sensor IC3 is arranged at the upper part of the communicating vessel and is on the same horizontal line with the top end of the water tank of the solar water heater; the lower water level sensor IC4 is arranged below the water outlet of the water tank of the electric water heater, and the upper water level sensor IC5 is arranged at the top end inside the water tank of the electric water heater;
the electromagnetic valve SV, the electromagnetic valve SV are controlled to be on and off by a control circuit, the lower water level sensor IC, the upper water level sensor IC, the lower water level sensor IC and the upper water level sensor IC are used for providing working signals for the control circuit, the control circuit also comprises a three-end voltage-stabilizing integrated circuit IC, a double operational amplifier IC, a clock chip IC, a single chip microcomputer IC, resistors R to R, electrolytic capacitors C to C, diodes D to D, triodes BG to BG, voltage-stabilizing diodes DW, potentiometers RP to RP, thyristors SCR to SCR, crystal oscillators XT to XT, light-emitting diodes LED to LED, a relay J, a normally open contact J-1 of the relay J, a normally closed contact J-2 of the relay J, a normally open contact J-1 of the relay J, a normally open contact, Normally open contact J2-2 of relay J2, normally closed contact J2-3 of relay J2, normally closed contact J2-4 of relay J2, normally closed contact J2-5 of relay J2, relay J3, normally open contact J3-1 of relay J3, normally open contact J3-2 of relay J3, normally closed contact J3-3 of relay J3, normally closed contact J3-4 of relay J3, relay J4, normally open contact J4-1 of relay J4, normally closed contact J4-2 of relay J4, relay J5, normally open contact J5-1 of relay J5, normally closed contact J5-2 of relay J5, normally open contact J5-1 of relay J5, normally closed contact J5-2 of relay J5, normally open contact J5-5, Normally closed contact J7-3 of relay J7, normally closed contact J7-4 of relay J7, relay J8, normally open contact J8-1 of relay J8, normally open contact J8-2 of relay J8, normally closed contact J8-3 of relay J8, normally closed contact J8-4 of relay J8, relay J9, normally closed contact J9-1 of relay J9, normally closed contact J9-2 of relay J9, normally closed contact J9-3 of relay J9, relay J10, normally open contact J10-1 of relay J10, normally closed contact J10-2 of relay J10, normally closed contact J10-3 of relay J10, transformer B1 and rectifier pile UR,
the live wire L and the zero wire N are respectively connected with two ends of an input port of a transformer B1, two ends of an output port of the transformer B1 are respectively connected with a pin 1 and a pin 2 of a rectification stack UR, a pin 3 of the rectification stack UR is respectively connected with the anode of an electrolytic capacitor C1 and a pin 1 of a three-end voltage-stabilizing integrated circuit IC1, a pin 3 of the three-end voltage-stabilizing integrated circuit IC1 is respectively connected with the anode of an electrolytic capacitor C2, the anode of a thyristor SCR1, the emitter of a triode BG6, the emitter of a triode BG1, one end of a resistor R1, a pin 1 of an upper water level sensor IC3, a pin 1 of a lower water level sensor IC2, the anode of a thyristor SCR2, the emitter of a triode BG4, one end of a resistor R5, a pin 1 of a lower water level sensor IC4, a pin 1 of an upper water level sensor IC5, one end of a resistor R9, one end of a resistor R10, a first fixed end of a potentiometer RP1, a first fixed end of a potentiometer RP1, a sliding end of, A cathode of the diode D3, an end of the relay J3, a cathode of the diode D4, an end of the relay J4, an end of the resistor R11, a first fixed end of the potentiometer RP3, a sliding end of the potentiometer RP3, a first fixed end of the potentiometer RP4, a sliding end of the potentiometer RP4, an 8-pin of the dual operational amplifier IC7, a cathode of the diode D5, an end of the relay J5, a cathode of the diode D6, an end of the relay J6, an anode of the electrolytic capacitor C6, a 1-pin of the clock IC6, an 8-pin of the clock IC6, a 40-pin of the single chip IC6, a cathode of the diode D6, an end of the relay J6, a cathode of the diode D6, a cathode of the relay D6, a cathode of the diode D6, an end of the relay J6, a normally open contact of the relay J6-2, a cathode of the rectifier stack of the rectifier capacitor UR 6, and a cathode of the rectifier capacitor R6, The pin 2 of the three-terminal voltage-stabilizing integrated circuit IC1 and the negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C2 are both grounded;
the 2 feet of the lower water level sensor IC2 are connected with the base of a triode BG2, the collector of the triode BG2 is connected with the base of a triode BG1 and the other end of a resistor R1 respectively after being connected with a resistor R2 in series, the gate of a thyristor SCR1 and one end of a resistor R4 respectively after being connected with the collector of the triode BG1 in series, the cathode of the thyristor SCR 4 is connected with the negative electrode of a diode D4 and one end of a relay J4 respectively, the 2 feet of the upper water level sensor IC4 are connected with the base of the triode BG4, the collector of the triode BG4 is connected with the positive electrode of the diode D4 and the other end of the relay J4 respectively, the 2 feet of the lower water level sensor IC4 is connected with the base of the triode BG4, the collector of the triode BG4 is connected with the base of the resistor R4 respectively after being connected with the collector of the thyristor BG4 in series, the other end of the resistor R4, the collector of the triode BG4 is connected with the gate of the thyristor D4, One end of the relay J2, a pin 2 of the upper water level sensor IC5 is connected with a base electrode of a triode BG6, a collector electrode of the triode BG6 is respectively connected with an anode of a diode D2 and the other end of the relay J2, a pin 3 of the lower water level sensor IC2, an emitter electrode of the triode BG2, a pin 3 of the upper water level sensor IC3, an emitter electrode of the triode BG3, a pin 3 of the lower water level sensor IC4, an emitter electrode of the triode BG5, a pin 3 of the upper water level sensor IC5 and an emitter electrode of the triode BG6 are all grounded;
a pin 1 of the dual operational amplifier IC6 is connected with a base electrode of a triode BG7, collectors of the triode BG7 are respectively connected with an anode of a diode D3 and the other end of a relay J3, a pin 7 of the dual operational amplifier IC6 is connected with a base electrode of a triode BG8, collectors of the triode BG8 are respectively connected with an anode of a diode D4 and the other end of a relay J4, a pin 2 of the dual operational amplifier IC6 is respectively connected with a second fixed end of a potentiometer RP1 and a cathode of a voltage stabilizing diode DW1, a pin 3 of the dual operational amplifier IC6 is respectively connected with the other end of a resistor R10 and one end of a thermistor Rt1, a pin 5 of the dual operational amplifier IC6 is respectively connected with the other end of a resistor 695R 2 and one end of a photoresistor Rs1, a pin 6 of the dual operational amplifier IC6 is respectively connected with a second fixed end of a potentiometer RP2 and a cathode of a voltage stabilizing diode 2, emitters of the triode BG7 are respectively connected with an anode of a, a pin 1 of the dual operational amplifier IC7 is connected with a base electrode of a triode BG9, collectors of the triode BG9 are respectively connected with an anode of a diode D5 and the other end of a relay J5, a pin 7 of the dual operational amplifier IC7 is connected with a base electrode of a triode BG10, collectors of the triode BG10 are respectively connected with an anode of a diode D6 and the other end of a relay J6, an emitter of the triode BG10 is connected with an anode of a light emitting diode LED1, a pin 2 of the dual operational amplifier IC7 is respectively connected with a second fixed end of a potentiometer RP3 and a cathode of a voltage stabilizing diode DW3, a pin 6 of the dual operational amplifier IC7 is respectively connected with a second fixed end of the potentiometer RP4 and a cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode DW4, a pin 3 of the dual operational amplifier IC7 is respectively connected with a pin 5 of the dual operational amplifier IC7, the other end of a resistor R11, one end of a thermistor Rt2, the other end of a photosensitive resistor 1, the other end of a thermistor Rs, The positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode DW2, the pin 4 of the dual operational amplifier IC6, the negative electrode of the light emitting diode LED2, the emitting electrode of the triode BG8, the other end of the thermistor Rt2, the positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode DW3, the positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode DW4, the pin 4 of the dual operational amplifier IC7 and the negative electrode of the light emitting diode LED1 are all grounded;
crystal oscillator XT1 is connected in series between pin 2 and pin 3 of clock chip IC8, pin 5 of clock chip IC8 is connected with pin 3 of monolithic computer IC9, pin 6 of clock chip IC8 is connected with pin 2 of monolithic computer IC9, pin 7 of clock chip IC8 is connected with pin 1 of monolithic computer IC9, pin 9 of monolithic computer IC9 is connected with negative electrode of electrolytic capacitor C3 and one end of resistor R12 respectively, pin 18 of monolithic computer IC9 is connected with one end of capacitor C4 and one end of crystal oscillator XT 4 respectively, pin 19 of monolithic computer IC4 is connected with the other end of crystal oscillator XT 4 and one end of capacitor C4 respectively, pin 21 of monolithic computer IC4 is connected with base electrode of triode BG4, collector electrode of triode BG4 is connected with positive electrode of diode D4 and the other end of relay J4 respectively, pin 22 of triode BG4 is connected with base electrode of triode BG4, collector electrode of triode BG4 is connected with positive electrode of diode D4 and base electrode of monolithic computer BG4, the collector of a triode BG13 is connected with the anode of a diode D9 and the other end of a relay J9 respectively, the emitter of the triode BG13 is connected with the anode of a light-emitting diode LED3, the other end of a normally open contact J7-2 of a relay J7 and the other end of a normally open contact J8-2 of the relay J8 are connected in parallel and then connected with one end of a normally open contact J6-1 of a relay J6, the other end of a normally open contact J6-1 of a relay J6 is connected with a normally closed contact J2-3 of a relay J2 in series and then connected with one end of a relay J10, and the 4 pin of a clock chip IC8, the other end of a resistor R12, the other end of a capacitor C4, the other end of a capacitor C5, the 20 pin of a singlechip IC9, the cathode of a light-emitting diode LED3, the emitter of a triode BG;
the live wire L is respectively connected with one end of a normally open contact J1-1 of the relay J1, one end of a normally open contact J3-1 of the relay J3, one end of a normally open contact J7-1 of the relay J7, one end of a normally open contact J8-1 of the relay J8, one end of a normally open contact J4-1 of the relay J4, one end of a normally closed contact J4-3 of the relay J4, one end of a normally closed contact J4-4 of the relay J4, one end of a normally open contact J4-1 of the relay J4, the other end of the normally open contact J4-1 of the relay J4 is connected with one end of the solenoid SV4 in series connection with the normally closed contact J4-2 of the relay J4, the other end of the normally open contact J4-1 of the relay J4, the normally open contact J4-1 of the relay J4 is connected with one end of the normally open contact J4-72 of the relay J4 in parallel connection with one end of the normally open contact J, One end of a normally closed contact J2-5 of a relay J2, the other end of a normally open contact J3-2 of the relay J3 is sequentially connected in series with a normally open contact J3-1 of the relay J3, a normally closed contact J3-2 of the relay J3, one end of an electromagnetic valve SV3 is connected after the normally closed contact J3-2 of the relay J3 is connected, the other end of the normally closed contact J3-3 of the relay J3 is connected with one end of a normally closed contact J3-3 of the relay J3, the other end of the normally closed contact J3-3 of the relay J3, the normally closed contact J3-2 of the relay J3, the normally closed contact J3-1 of the relay J3, the normally closed contact J3-3 of the relay J3, one end of the normally closed contact J3-3 is connected in series with one end of the SV3, and the normally closed contact J3-4 of the relay J3 is connected in, The normally closed contact J3-4 of the relay J3 is connected with one end of a normally open contact J5-1 of the relay J5 and one end of a normally closed contact J5-2 of the relay J5 respectively, the other end of the normally open contact J5-1 of the relay J5 is connected with the normally closed contact J9-2 of the relay J9 in series and the normally closed contact J2-4 of the relay J2 is connected with one end of the electromagnetic valve SV5 respectively, the other end of the normally closed contact J5-5 of the relay J5 is connected with one end of the normally closed contact J5-2 of the relay J5, the other end of the normally closed contact J5-2 of the relay J5 and the other end of the normally closed contact J5-3 of the relay J5 are connected with one end of the heating pipe Rf 5 respectively, the other end of the normally open contact J5-1 of the relay J5 is connected with one end of the SV 72 of the electromagnetic valve SV5, the other end of solenoid valve SV1, the other end of solenoid valve SV2, the other end of solenoid valve SV3, the other end of solenoid valve SV4, the other end of solenoid valve SV5, the other end of solenoid valve SV6, and the other end of heating pipe Rf1 are all connected to neutral line N.
As a further improvement of the invention, the model number of the three-terminal voltage-stabilizing integrated circuit IC1 is 7805; the lower water level sensor IC2, the upper water level sensor IC3, the lower water level sensor IC4 and the upper water level sensor IC5 are water level sensors, and the model is SW 08; the models of the double operational amplifier IC6 and the double operational amplifier IC7 are LM 358; the model number of the clock chip IC8 is DS 1302; the model of the singlechip IC9 is AT89C 51.
As a further improvement of the invention, the triodes BG 2-BG 3 and BG 5-BG 13 are NPN tube type S8050, and the triodes BG1 and BG4 are PNP tube type S8550.
As a further improvement of the invention, the diodes D1-D9 are IN 4148.
As a further improvement of the invention, the relays J1-J10 are direct current relays with the models of JRX-20F.
As a further improvement of the invention, the photoresistor Rs1 is negative and has the model number of MG 45; the thermistors Rt1 and Rt2 are positive thermistors.
As a further improvement of the invention, the oscillation frequency of the crystal oscillator XT1 is 32.768MHz, and the oscillation frequency of the crystal oscillator XT2 is 12 MHz.
As a further improvement of the invention, the models of the solenoid valves SV 1-SV 6 are DCF-T-20, and the solenoid valve SV2 and the solenoid valve SV5 are in an interlocking relationship.
Compared with the prior art, the invention adopts the combination of the solar water heater and the electric water heater to provide boiled water and bath hot water, the water inlet of the solar water heater is provided with the communicating vessel, the lower water level sensor IC2 is arranged at the lower part of the communicating vessel and is positioned at the same horizontal line with the bottom end of the water tank of the solar water heater; the upper water level sensor IC3 is arranged at the upper part of the communicating vessel and is on the same horizontal line with the top end of the water tank of the solar water heater; the lower water level sensor IC4 is arranged below the water outlet of the water tank of the electric water heater, and the upper water level sensor IC5 is arranged at the top end inside the water tank of the electric water heater; if the water level of the solar water heater is lower than the lower water level sensor IC2, the electromagnetic valve SV1 is powered on to open, water is added into the solar water heater, when the water level rises to the position of the upper water level sensor IC3, the electromagnetic valve SV1 is turned off, and tap water stops flowing into a water tank of the solar water heater; the water level control principle of the water tank of the electric water heater is the same as that of the solar water heater, when the water level of the water tank of the electric water heater is lower than the lower water level sensor IC4, the electromagnetic valve SV4 is powered on to open, water is added into the water tank of the electric water heater, when the water level rises to the position of the upper water level sensor IC5, the electromagnetic valve SV4 is switched off, and tap water stops flowing into the water tank of the; in two time periods (11:00-14:00, 17:00-19:00) of supplying boiled water, if the temperature of the outlet water of the solar water heater is higher than 50 ℃, the electromagnetic valve SV3 is powered on and opened, the hot water of the water tank of the solar water heater enters the water tank of the electric water heater until the water is full, in the non-boiled water supply time period or rainy days, and the temperature of the outlet water of the solar water heater is lower than 50 ℃, the electromagnetic valve SV4 is powered on and opened, tap water is supplied to the water tank of the electric water heater until the water is full, meanwhile, the heating pipe Rf1 in the water tank of the electric water heater starts working, when the temperature of the water tank of the electric water heater reaches 100 ℃, the heating pipe Rf1 stops working, the electromagnetic valve SV6 is powered on and opened to provide boiled water for students, and meanwhile, the light emitting diode LED1 (boiled water indicator) is lighted to remind the, and the electromagnetic valve SV3 and the electromagnetic valve SV4 are closed, so that the function of preventing water from entering before the hot water is not discharged is realized. In the time period of non-supply of boiled water, the invention can provide hot water for bathing, and also takes the solar water heater as priority, when the temperature of the outlet water of the solar water heater is higher than 50 ℃, the electromagnetic valve SV2 is powered on and opened, if someone opens the hot water valve of the shower nozzle at the time, the hot water is provided by the solar water heater; if the temperature of the outlet water of the solar water heater is lower than 50 ℃, the electromagnetic valve SV2 is closed, when the heating pipe Rf1 heats the water to more than 70 ℃, the electromagnetic valve SV5 is powered on, the electric water heater supplies hot water, and the light-emitting diode LED2 (bath indicator lamp) is lightened to prompt students to be capable of bathing; at night (0:00-8:00), hot water is not required to be supplied for bathing, in order to save electric energy, the electromagnetic valve SV4, the electromagnetic valve SV5 and the heating pipe Rf1 stop working, and the light-emitting diode LED3 (stop indicator lamp) is lightened to remind students; the solar water heater can provide boiled water and bath hot water for students' dormitories on the premise of effectively utilizing solar energy to save electric energy, and simultaneously solves the problems that the students are inconvenient to use water and the thermos bottle is easy to lose in the background technology.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit schematic of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a circuit schematic diagram of the solenoid valve control of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the solar water heater comprises a solar water heater 2, an electric water heater water tank 3 and a communicating vessel.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
As shown in figure 1, the energy-saving full-automatic hot water supply system for the students' dormitory comprises a solar water heater 1 arranged on the roof and an electric water heater water tank 2 arranged in a room, wherein a water inlet of the solar water heater 1 is connected with tap water through a pipeline, an electromagnetic valve SV1 for controlling whether the solar water heater needs to be fed water is arranged on the pipeline, a water outlet of the solar water heater 1 is divided into two paths, one path is connected with a shower hot water valve through a pipeline, an electromagnetic valve SV2 for controlling whether hot water in the solar water heater can directly flow out from the shower hot water valve is arranged on the pipeline, the other path is connected with a water inlet of the electric water heater water tank 2 through a pipeline, and an electromagnetic valve SV3 for controlling whether hot water of the solar water heater flows into the electric water heater water tank is arranged,
the other water inlet of the water tank 2 of the electric water heater is connected with tap water through a pipeline, an electromagnetic valve SV4 for controlling whether the electric water heater needs to feed water is arranged on the pipeline, the water outlet of the water tank 2 of the electric water heater is divided into two paths, one path is connected with a hot water valve of a shower through a pipeline, an electromagnetic valve SV5 for controlling whether the water tank of the electric water heater discharges water is arranged on the pipeline, the other path is connected with a boiling water faucet through a pipeline, and an electromagnetic valve SV6 for controlling whether the water needs to be discharged is arranged on the pipeline;
the photosensitive resistor Rs1 is installed at the top end sunny side of the solar water heater 1, the thermistor Rt1 is installed at the water outlet of the solar water heater 1, the thermistor Rt2 is installed at the water outlet of the water tank 2 of the electric water heater, and a heating pipe Rf1 is arranged in the water tank 2 of the electric water heater;
a communicating vessel 3 is arranged at the water inlet of the solar water heater 1, and a lower water level sensor IC2 is arranged at the lower part of the communicating vessel 3 and is positioned at the same horizontal line with the bottom end of a water tank of the solar water heater; the upper water level sensor IC3 is arranged at the upper part of the communicating vessel 3 and is on the same horizontal line with the top end of the water tank of the solar water heater; the lower water level sensor IC4 is arranged below the water outlet of the water tank 2 of the electric water heater, and the upper water level sensor IC5 is arranged at the top end inside the water tank 2 of the electric water heater;
as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the solenoid valve SV1, the solenoid valve SV2, the solenoid valve SV3, the solenoid valve SV4, the solenoid valve SV5 and the solenoid valve SV6 are all controlled to be on and off by a control circuit, the lower water level sensor IC2, the upper water level sensor IC3, the lower water level sensor IC4 and the upper water level sensor IC5 are used for providing working signals for the control circuit, and the control circuit further comprises a three-terminal voltage-stabilizing integrated circuit IC1, a dual operational amplifier IC6, a dual operational amplifier IC7, a clock chip IC8, a single chip IC8, resistors R8-R8, electrolytic capacitors C8-C8, normally open capacitors C8-C8, diodes D8-D8, triodes BG 8-BG 8, diodes DW 8-DW 8, diodes RP 8-DW 8, potentiometers 8-8, thyristors 72-SCR 72, normally open switches XT 72, normally closed contacts of normally open-8, normally closed relays 72-8, normally closed contacts of the thyristors J-8, normally closed relays 72-36j 1-8, and normally closed contacts of the thyristors J-8, Normally open contact J2-2 of relay J2, normally closed contact J2-3 of relay J2, normally closed contact J2-4 of relay J2, normally closed contact J2-5 of relay J2, relay J3, normally open contact J3-1 of relay J3, normally open contact J3-2 of relay J3, normally closed contact J3-3 of relay J3, normally closed contact J3-4 of relay J3, relay J4, normally open contact J4-1 of relay J4, normally closed contact J4-2 of relay J4, relay J5, normally open contact J5-1 of relay J5, normally closed contact J5-2 of relay J5, normally open contact J5-1 of relay J5, normally closed contact J5-2 of relay J5, normally open contact J5-5, Normally closed contact J7-3 of relay J7, normally closed contact J7-4 of relay J7, relay J8, normally open contact J8-1 of relay J8, normally open contact J8-2 of relay J8, normally closed contact J8-3 of relay J8, normally closed contact J8-4 of relay J8, relay J9, normally closed contact J9-1 of relay J9, normally closed contact J9-2 of relay J9, normally closed contact J9-3 of relay J9, relay J10, normally open contact J10-1 of relay J10, normally closed contact J10-2 of relay J10, normally closed contact J10-3 of relay J10, transformer B1, rectifier pile UR, 737737 1 of three-terminal voltage-stabilizing integrated circuit IC 7805; the lower water level sensor IC2, the upper water level sensor IC3, the lower water level sensor IC4 and the upper water level sensor IC5 are water level sensors, and the model is SW 08; the models of the double operational amplifier IC6 and the double operational amplifier IC7 are LM 358; the model number of the clock chip IC8 is DS 1302; the type of the singlechip IC9 is AT89C 51; the triodes BG 2-BG 3 and BG 5-BG 13 are NPN tube type S8050, and the triodes BG1 and BG4 are PNP tube type S8550; the type of the diodes D1-D9 is IN 4148; the relays J1-J10 are direct current relays with the model numbers of JRX-20F; the photoresistor Rs1 is negative in polarity and is MG45 in model number; the thermistors Rt1 and Rt2 are positive thermistors; the oscillation frequency of the crystal oscillator XT1 is 32.768MHz, and the oscillation frequency of the crystal oscillator XT2 is 12 MHz; the models of the solenoid valves SV 1-SV 6 are DCF-T-20, and the solenoid valve SV2 and the solenoid valve SV5 are in an interlocking relationship.
The live wire L and the zero wire N are respectively connected with two ends of an input port of a transformer B1, two ends of an output port of the transformer B1 are respectively connected with a pin 1 and a pin 2 of a rectification stack UR, a pin 3 of the rectification stack UR is respectively connected with the anode of an electrolytic capacitor C1 and a pin 1 of a three-end voltage-stabilizing integrated circuit IC1, a pin 3 of the three-end voltage-stabilizing integrated circuit IC1 is respectively connected with the anode of an electrolytic capacitor C2, the anode of a thyristor SCR1, the emitter of a triode BG6, the emitter of a triode BG1, one end of a resistor R1, a pin 1 of an upper water level sensor IC3, a pin 1 of a lower water level sensor IC2, the anode of a thyristor SCR2, the emitter of a triode BG4, one end of a resistor R5, a pin 1 of a lower water level sensor IC4, a pin 1 of an upper water level sensor IC5, one end of a resistor R9, one end of a resistor R10, a first fixed end of a potentiometer RP1, a first fixed end of a potentiometer RP1, a sliding end of, A cathode of the diode D3, an end of the relay J3, a cathode of the diode D4, an end of the relay J4, an end of the resistor R11, a first fixed end of the potentiometer RP3, a sliding end of the potentiometer RP3, a first fixed end of the potentiometer RP4, a sliding end of the potentiometer RP4, an 8-pin of the dual operational amplifier IC7, a cathode of the diode D5, an end of the relay J5, a cathode of the diode D6, an end of the relay J6, an anode of the electrolytic capacitor C6, a 1-pin of the clock IC6, an 8-pin of the clock IC6, a 40-pin of the single chip IC6, a cathode of the diode D6, an end of the relay J6, a cathode of the diode D6, a cathode of the relay D6, a cathode of the diode D6, an end of the relay J6, a normally open contact of the relay J6-2, a cathode of the rectifier stack of the rectifier capacitor UR 6, and a cathode of the rectifier capacitor R6, The pin 2 of the three-terminal voltage-stabilizing integrated circuit IC1 and the negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C2 are both grounded;
the 2 feet of the lower water level sensor IC2 are connected with the base of a triode BG2, the collector of the triode BG2 is connected with the base of a triode BG1 and the other end of a resistor R1 respectively after being connected with a resistor R2 in series, the gate of a thyristor SCR1 and one end of a resistor R4 respectively after being connected with the collector of the triode BG1 in series, the cathode of the thyristor SCR 4 is connected with the negative electrode of a diode D4 and one end of a relay J4 respectively, the 2 feet of the upper water level sensor IC4 are connected with the base of the triode BG4, the collector of the triode BG4 is connected with the positive electrode of the diode D4 and the other end of the relay J4 respectively, the 2 feet of the lower water level sensor IC4 is connected with the base of the triode BG4, the collector of the triode BG4 is connected with the base of the resistor R4 respectively after being connected with the collector of the thyristor BG4 in series, the other end of the resistor R4, the collector of the triode BG4 is connected with the gate of the thyristor D4, One end of the relay J2, a pin 2 of the upper water level sensor IC5 is connected with a base electrode of a triode BG6, a collector electrode of the triode BG6 is respectively connected with an anode of a diode D2 and the other end of the relay J2, a pin 3 of the lower water level sensor IC2, an emitter electrode of the triode BG2, a pin 3 of the upper water level sensor IC3, an emitter electrode of the triode BG3, a pin 3 of the lower water level sensor IC4, an emitter electrode of the triode BG5, a pin 3 of the upper water level sensor IC5 and an emitter electrode of the triode BG6 are all grounded;
a pin 1 of the dual operational amplifier IC6 is connected with a base electrode of a triode BG7, collectors of the triode BG7 are respectively connected with an anode of a diode D3 and the other end of a relay J3, a pin 7 of the dual operational amplifier IC6 is connected with a base electrode of a triode BG8, collectors of the triode BG8 are respectively connected with an anode of a diode D4 and the other end of a relay J4, a pin 2 of the dual operational amplifier IC6 is respectively connected with a second fixed end of a potentiometer RP1 and a cathode of a voltage stabilizing diode DW1, a pin 3 of the dual operational amplifier IC6 is respectively connected with the other end of a resistor R10 and one end of a thermistor Rt1, a pin 5 of the dual operational amplifier IC6 is respectively connected with the other end of a resistor 695R 2 and one end of a photoresistor Rs1, a pin 6 of the dual operational amplifier IC6 is respectively connected with a second fixed end of a potentiometer RP2 and a cathode of a voltage stabilizing diode 2, emitters of the triode BG7 are respectively connected with an anode of a, a pin 1 of the dual operational amplifier IC7 is connected with a base electrode of a triode BG9, collectors of the triode BG9 are respectively connected with an anode of a diode D5 and the other end of a relay J5, a pin 7 of the dual operational amplifier IC7 is connected with a base electrode of a triode BG10, collectors of the triode BG10 are respectively connected with an anode of a diode D6 and the other end of a relay J6, an emitter of the triode BG10 is connected with an anode of a light emitting diode LED1, a pin 2 of the dual operational amplifier IC7 is respectively connected with a second fixed end of a potentiometer RP3 and a cathode of a voltage stabilizing diode DW3, a pin 6 of the dual operational amplifier IC7 is respectively connected with a second fixed end of the potentiometer RP4 and a cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode DW4, a pin 3 of the dual operational amplifier IC7 is respectively connected with a pin 5 of the dual operational amplifier IC7, the other end of a resistor R11, one end of a thermistor Rt2, the other end of a photosensitive resistor 1, the other end of a thermistor Rs, The positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode DW2, the pin 4 of the dual operational amplifier IC6, the negative electrode of the light emitting diode LED2, the emitting electrode of the triode BG8, the other end of the thermistor Rt2, the positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode DW3, the positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode DW4, the pin 4 of the dual operational amplifier IC7 and the negative electrode of the light emitting diode LED1 are all grounded;
crystal oscillator XT1 is connected in series between pin 2 and pin 3 of clock chip IC8, pin 5 of clock chip IC8 is connected with pin 3 of monolithic computer IC9, pin 6 of clock chip IC8 is connected with pin 2 of monolithic computer IC9, pin 7 of clock chip IC8 is connected with pin 1 of monolithic computer IC9, pin 9 of monolithic computer IC9 is connected with negative electrode of electrolytic capacitor C3 and one end of resistor R12 respectively, pin 18 of monolithic computer IC9 is connected with one end of capacitor C4 and one end of crystal oscillator XT 4 respectively, pin 19 of monolithic computer IC4 is connected with the other end of crystal oscillator XT 4 and one end of capacitor C4 respectively, pin 21 of monolithic computer IC4 is connected with base electrode of triode BG4, collector electrode of triode BG4 is connected with positive electrode of diode D4 and the other end of relay J4 respectively, pin 22 of triode BG4 is connected with base electrode of triode BG4, collector electrode of triode BG4 is connected with positive electrode of diode D4 and base electrode of monolithic computer BG4, the collector of a triode BG13 is connected with the anode of a diode D9 and the other end of a relay J9 respectively, the emitter of the triode BG13 is connected with the anode of a light-emitting diode LED3, the other end of a normally open contact J7-2 of a relay J7 and the other end of a normally open contact J8-2 of the relay J8 are connected in parallel and then connected with one end of a normally open contact J6-1 of a relay J6, the other end of a normally open contact J6-1 of a relay J6 is connected with a normally closed contact J2-3 of a relay J2 in series and then connected with one end of a relay J10, and the 4 pin of a clock chip IC8, the other end of a resistor R12, the other end of a capacitor C4, the other end of a capacitor C5, the 20 pin of a singlechip IC9, the cathode of a light-emitting diode LED3, the emitter of a triode BG;
the live wire L is respectively connected with one end of a normally open contact J1-1 of the relay J1, one end of a normally open contact J3-1 of the relay J3, one end of a normally open contact J7-1 of the relay J7, one end of a normally open contact J8-1 of the relay J8, one end of a normally open contact J4-1 of the relay J4, one end of a normally closed contact J4-3 of the relay J4, one end of a normally closed contact J4-4 of the relay J4, one end of a normally open contact J4-1 of the relay J4, the other end of the normally open contact J4-1 of the relay J4 is connected with one end of the solenoid SV4 in series connection with the normally closed contact J4-2 of the relay J4, the other end of the normally open contact J4-1 of the relay J4, the normally open contact J4-1 of the relay J4 is connected with one end of the normally open contact J4-72 of the relay J4 in parallel connection with one end of the normally open contact J, One end of a normally closed contact J2-5 of a relay J2, the other end of a normally open contact J3-2 of the relay J3 is sequentially connected in series with a normally open contact J3-1 of the relay J3, a normally closed contact J3-2 of the relay J3, one end of an electromagnetic valve SV3 is connected after the normally closed contact J3-2 of the relay J3 is connected, the other end of the normally closed contact J3-3 of the relay J3 is connected with one end of a normally closed contact J3-3 of the relay J3, the other end of the normally closed contact J3-3 of the relay J3, the normally closed contact J3-2 of the relay J3, the normally closed contact J3-1 of the relay J3, the normally closed contact J3-3 of the relay J3, one end of the normally closed contact J3-3 is connected in series with one end of the SV3, and the normally closed contact J3-4 of the relay J3 is connected in, The normally closed contact J3-4 of the relay J3 is connected with one end of a normally open contact J5-1 of the relay J5 and one end of a normally closed contact J5-2 of the relay J5 respectively, the other end of the normally open contact J5-1 of the relay J5 is connected with the normally closed contact J9-2 of the relay J9 in series and the normally closed contact J2-4 of the relay J2 is connected with one end of the electromagnetic valve SV5 respectively, the other end of the normally closed contact J5-5 of the relay J5 is connected with one end of the normally closed contact J5-2 of the relay J5, the other end of the normally closed contact J5-2 of the relay J5 and the other end of the normally closed contact J5-3 of the relay J5 are connected with one end of the heating pipe Rf 5 respectively, the other end of the normally open contact J5-1 of the relay J5 is connected with one end of the SV 72 of the electromagnetic valve SV5, the other end of solenoid valve SV1, the other end of solenoid valve SV2, the other end of solenoid valve SV3, the other end of solenoid valve SV4, the other end of solenoid valve SV5, the other end of solenoid valve SV6, and the other end of heating pipe Rf1 are all connected to neutral line N.
The resistance values of these elements in fig. 2 are well known and can be adjusted as required by those skilled in the art.
The working principle is as follows:
because the water tank of the solar water heater 1 is closed, a communicating vessel 3 is arranged at the water inlet of the solar water heater 1, and the lower water level sensor IC2 is arranged at the lower part of the communicating vessel 3 and is flush with the bottom of the water tank of the solar water heater; the upper water level sensor IC3 is installed on the upper part of the communicating vessel 3 to be flush with the top of the water tank of the solar water heater. When the water level of the solar water heater 1 is lower than the lower water level sensor IC2, the pins 2 of the lower water level sensor IC2 all output high levels, meanwhile, the pins 2 of the upper water level sensor IC3 also output high levels, the triode BG1, the triode BG2 and the triode BG3 are all conducted, the relay J1 is electrified and sucked, the normally open contact J1-1 of the relay J1 is closed, the electromagnetic valve SV1 is electrified and opened, and tap water can enter the water tank of the solar water heater 1; when the water level reaches or exceeds the lower water level sensor IC2, the pin 2 of the lower water level sensor IC2 outputs low level, the triode BG1 and the triode BG2 are cut off, the gate pole of the thyristor SCR1 loses trigger voltage, even if the thyristor SCR1 loses the trigger voltage after being triggered, because the water level does not reach the position of the upper water level sensor IC3, the voltage between the anode and the cathode of the thyristor SCR1 still exists, the thyristor SCR1 is continuously conducted, the relay J1 keeps a pull-in state, the electromagnetic valve SV1 is continuously opened, and tap water continuously flows into a water tank of the solar water heater; when the water level rises to the position of an upper water level sensor IC3, a pin 2 of the upper water level sensor IC3 outputs low level, a triode BG3 is cut off, a thyristor SCR1 is cut off due to the loss of voltage between an anode and a cathode, a relay J1 is powered off, a normally open contact J1-1 of a relay J1 is disconnected, an electromagnetic valve SV1 is switched off, and tap water stops flowing into a water tank of the solar water heater;
similarly, the water level control principle of the water tank of the electric water heater is as follows: when the water level of the water tank 2 of the electric water heater is lower than that of the lower water level sensor IC4, 2 pins of the lower water level sensor IC4 all output high levels, 2 pins of the upper water level sensor IC5 also output high levels, the triode BG4, the triode BG5 and the triode BG6 are all conducted, the relay J2 is electrified and sucked, the normally open contact J2-2 of the relay J2 is closed, the electromagnetic valve SV4 is electrified and opened, and tap water can enter the water tank 2 of the electric water heater; when the water level reaches or exceeds the lower water level sensor IC4, the pin 2 of the lower water level sensor IC4 outputs low level, the triode BG4 and the triode BG5 are cut off, the gate pole of the thyristor SCR2 loses trigger voltage, even if the thyristor SCR2 loses the trigger voltage after being triggered, because the water level does not reach the position of the upper water level sensor IC5, the voltage between the anode and the cathode of the thyristor SCR2 still exists, the thyristor SCR2 is continuously conducted, the relay J2 keeps a pull-in state, the electromagnetic valve SV4 is continuously opened, and tap water continuously flows into the water tank of the electric water heater; when the water level rises to the position of an upper water level sensor IC5, a pin 2 of the upper water level sensor IC5 outputs low level, a triode BG6 is cut off, a thyristor SCR2 is cut off due to the loss of voltage between an anode and a cathode, a relay J2 is powered off, a normally open contact J2-2 of a relay J2 is disconnected, an electromagnetic valve SV4 is switched off, and tap water stops flowing into a water tank of an electric water heater;
in order to embody the idea of energy saving, the solar energy resources are used as much as possible, in two time intervals (11:00-14:00, 17:00-19:00) of supplying boiled water, at the moment, a pin 21 or a pin 22 of a singlechip IC9 outputs high level, a triode BG11 or a triode BG12 is conducted, a relay J7 or a relay J8 is electrified and attracted, and a normally open contact J7-1 of a relay J7 or a normally open contact J8-1 of a relay J8 is closed; if the outlet water temperature of the solar water heater is higher than 50 ℃ and the 3-pin voltage of the dual operational amplifier IC6 is higher than the 2-pin voltage (the thermistor Rt1 is positive), the 1 pin of the dual operational amplifier IC6 outputs high level, the triode BG7 is conducted, the relay J3 is electrified and pulled in, and the normally open contact J3-2 of the relay J3 is closed; if the water level of the water tank of the electric water heater is not full at this time, the normally open contact J2-1 of the relay J2 is in a closed state, the electromagnetic valve SV3 is powered on and opened, hot water in the water tank of the solar water heater 1 directly enters the water tank 2 of the electric water heater until the water level of the water tank 2 of the electric water heater reaches the position of the upper water level sensor IC5 (the normally open contact J2-1 of the relay J2 is disconnected), and the hot water in the water tank of the solar water heater stops entering the water. If the solar water heater is in rainy days, the sunlight is insufficient, the resistance value of the photoresistor Rs1 is large, the voltage of a pin 5 of the dual operational amplifier IC6 is larger than the voltage of a pin 6, a pin 7 of the dual operational amplifier IC6 outputs high level, the triode BG8 is conducted, the relay J4 is electrified and attracted, the normally closed contact 4-2 of the relay J4 is disconnected, the electromagnetic valve SV3 is closed, and the water tank of the solar water heater does not supply water to the water tank of the electric water heater. In a non-boiled water supply period (at the moment, a normally closed contact J7-3 of a relay J7 or a normally closed contact J8-3 of a relay J8 is closed) or in rainy weather (at the moment, a normally open contact J4-1 of a relay J4 is closed), the water outlet temperature of the solar water heater is less than 50 ℃ (at the moment, a normally closed contact J3-3 of a relay J3 is closed), an electromagnetic valve SV4 is powered on and opened, tap water is supplied to a water tank until the water is full, meanwhile, a heating pipe Rf1 in the water tank of the electric water heater starts to work, when the water temperature of the water tank of the electric water heater reaches 100 ℃, the 5-pin voltage of a double operational amplifier IC7 is greater than the 6-pin voltage (a thermistor 2 is positive polarity), a 7-pin of a double operational amplifier IC7 outputs a high level, a triode BG10 is conducted, a relay J2 is powered on and closed, a normally open contact J6-1 of a relay J6 is, the heating pipe Rf1 stops working, the normally open contact J7-2 of the relay J7 or the normally open contact J8-2 of the relay J8 is closed, the relay J10 is electrified and pulled in, the normally open contact J10-1 of the relay J10 is closed, the electromagnetic valve SV6 is electrified and opened, boiled water is provided for students, meanwhile, the light emitting diode LED1 (boiled water indicator lamp) is lightened to remind the students that the students can open water, during the opening period of the electromagnetic valve SV6, the normally closed contact J10-2 of the relay J10 and the normally closed contact J10-3 of the relay J10 are opened, the electromagnetic valve SV3 and the electromagnetic valve SV4 are closed, and therefore the function that water cannot enter before the hot water is completely discharged is achieved.
In order to prevent the heating pipe Rf1 from being burnt, the water outlet of the water tank of the electric water heater is arranged above the lower water level sensor IC4, so that certain residual water in the water tank of the electric water heater can be ensured not to be discharged, and the heating pipe Rf1 is always immersed in the residual water, so that the dry burning phenomenon can not occur.
In the time period of non-supply of boiled water, the invention can provide hot water for bathing, and also takes the use of a solar water heater as priority, when the temperature of the outlet water of the solar water heater is more than 50 ℃, the voltage of a pin 3 of a double operational amplifier IC6 is more than the voltage of a pin 2 (the thermistor Rt1 is positive), a pin 1 of a double operational amplifier IC6 outputs high level, a triode BG7 is conducted, a relay J3 is electrified for actuation, a normally open contact J3-1 of a relay J3 is closed, an electromagnetic valve SV2 is electrified for opening, and if a person opens a hot water valve of a shower nozzle at the time, the hot water is provided by the solar water heater; if the temperature of the outlet water of the solar water heater is less than 50 ℃, a normally open contact J3-1 of a relay J3 is opened, an electromagnetic valve SV2 is closed, a normally closed contact J3-4 of the relay J3 is closed, when a heating pipe Rf1 heats the water to be more than 70 ℃, the 3-pin voltage of a double-operational amplifier IC7 is more than 2-pin voltage (a thermistor Rt2 is positive polarity), 1 pin of the double-operational amplifier IC7 outputs high level, a triode BG9 is conducted, the relay J5 is electrified and attracted, the normally open contact J5-1 of the relay J5 is closed, the normally closed contact J5-2 of the relay J5 is opened, the heating pipe Rf1 stops working, the electromagnetic valve SV5 is electrified and opened, hot water is supplied by an electric water heater tank, a light emitting diode LED2 (bath indicator lamp) is turned on, and the students can be reminde.
At night (0:00-8:00), hot water does not need to be supplied for bathing, in order to save electric energy, a pin 23 of the single chip microcomputer IC9 outputs a high level, the triode BG13 is switched on, the relay J9 is electrified and pulled, the normally closed contact J9-1 of the relay J9, the normally closed contact J9-2 of the relay J9 and the normally closed contact J9-3 of the relay J9 are switched off, the electromagnetic valve SV4, the electromagnetic valve SV5 and the heating pipe Rf1 stop working, and the light emitting diode LED3 (stop indicator lamp) is turned on to remind students.

Claims (8)

1. An energy-saving full-automatic hot water supply system for students' dormitories comprises a solar water heater (1) arranged on the roof and an electric water heater tank (2) arranged in a room, and is characterized in that a water inlet of the solar water heater (1) is connected with tap water through a pipeline, an electromagnetic valve SV1 is arranged on the pipeline, a water outlet of the solar water heater (1) is divided into two paths, one path is connected with a hot water valve of a shower through a pipeline, an electromagnetic valve SV2 is arranged on the pipeline, the other path is connected with a water inlet of the electric water heater tank (2) through a pipeline, and an electromagnetic valve SV3 is arranged on the pipeline,
the other water inlet of the water tank (2) of the electric water heater is connected with tap water through a pipeline, an electromagnetic valve SV4 is arranged on the pipeline, the water outlet of the water tank (2) of the electric water heater is divided into two paths, one path is connected with a hot water valve of a shower through the pipeline, an electromagnetic valve SV5 is arranged on the pipeline, the other path is connected with a boiling water tap through the pipeline, and an electromagnetic valve SV6 is arranged on the pipeline;
the photosensitive resistor Rs1 is installed on the sunny side of the top end of the solar water heater (1), the thermistor Rt1 is installed at the water outlet of the solar water heater (1), the thermistor Rt2 is installed at the water outlet of the water tank (2) of the electric water heater, and a heating pipe Rf1 is arranged in the water tank (2) of the electric water heater;
a communicating vessel (3) is arranged at the water inlet of the solar water heater (1), and a lower water level sensor IC2 is arranged at the lower part of the communicating vessel (3) and is positioned at the same horizontal line with the bottom end of a water tank of the solar water heater; the upper water level sensor IC3 is arranged at the upper part of the communicating vessel and is on the same horizontal line with the top end of the water tank of the solar water heater; the lower water level sensor IC4 is arranged below the water outlet of the water tank (2) of the electric water heater, and the upper water level sensor IC5 is arranged at the top end inside the water tank (2) of the electric water heater;
the electromagnetic valve SV, the electromagnetic valve SV are controlled to be on and off by a control circuit, the lower water level sensor IC, the upper water level sensor IC, the lower water level sensor IC and the upper water level sensor IC are used for providing working signals for the control circuit, the control circuit also comprises a three-end voltage-stabilizing integrated circuit IC, a double operational amplifier IC, a clock chip IC, a single chip microcomputer IC, resistors R to R, electrolytic capacitors C to C, diodes D to D, triodes BG to BG, voltage-stabilizing diodes DW, potentiometers RP to RP, thyristors SCR to SCR, crystal oscillators XT to XT, light-emitting diodes LED to LED, a relay J, a normally open contact J-1 of the relay J, a normally closed contact J-2 of the relay J, a normally open contact J-1 of the relay J, a normally open contact, Normally open contact J2-2 of relay J2, normally closed contact J2-3 of relay J2, normally closed contact J2-4 of relay J2, normally closed contact J2-5 of relay J2, relay J3, normally open contact J3-1 of relay J3, normally open contact J3-2 of relay J3, normally closed contact J3-3 of relay J3, normally closed contact J3-4 of relay J3, relay J4, normally open contact J4-1 of relay J4, normally closed contact J4-2 of relay J4, relay J5, normally open contact J5-1 of relay J5, normally closed contact J5-2 of relay J5, normally open contact J5-1 of relay J5, normally closed contact J5-2 of relay J5, normally open contact J5-5, Normally closed contact J7-3 of relay J7, normally closed contact J7-4 of relay J7, relay J8, normally open contact J8-1 of relay J8, normally open contact J8-2 of relay J8, normally closed contact J8-3 of relay J8, normally closed contact J8-4 of relay J8, relay J9, normally closed contact J9-1 of relay J9, normally closed contact J9-2 of relay J9, normally closed contact J9-3 of relay J9, relay J10, normally open contact J10-1 of relay J10, normally closed contact J10-2 of relay J10, normally closed contact J10-3 of relay J10, transformer B1 and rectifier pile UR,
the live wire L and the zero wire N are respectively connected with two ends of an input port of a transformer B1, two ends of an output port of the transformer B1 are respectively connected with a pin 1 and a pin 2 of a rectification stack UR, a pin 3 of the rectification stack UR is respectively connected with the anode of an electrolytic capacitor C1 and a pin 1 of a three-end voltage-stabilizing integrated circuit IC1, a pin 3 of the three-end voltage-stabilizing integrated circuit IC1 is respectively connected with the anode of an electrolytic capacitor C2, the anode of a thyristor SCR1, the emitter of a triode BG6, the emitter of a triode BG1, one end of a resistor R1, a pin 1 of an upper water level sensor IC3, a pin 1 of a lower water level sensor IC2, the anode of a thyristor SCR2, the emitter of a triode BG4, one end of a resistor R5, a pin 1 of a lower water level sensor IC4, a pin 1 of an upper water level sensor IC5, one end of a resistor R9, one end of a resistor R10, a first fixed end of a potentiometer RP1, a first fixed end of a potentiometer RP1, a sliding end of, A cathode of the diode D3, an end of the relay J3, a cathode of the diode D4, an end of the relay J4, an end of the resistor R11, a first fixed end of the potentiometer RP3, a sliding end of the potentiometer RP3, a first fixed end of the potentiometer RP4, a sliding end of the potentiometer RP4, an 8-pin of the dual operational amplifier IC7, a cathode of the diode D5, an end of the relay J5, a cathode of the diode D6, an end of the relay J6, an anode of the electrolytic capacitor C6, a 1-pin of the clock IC6, an 8-pin of the clock IC6, a 40-pin of the single chip IC6, a cathode of the diode D6, an end of the relay J6, a cathode of the diode D6, a cathode of the relay D6, a cathode of the diode D6, an end of the relay J6, a normally open contact of the relay J6-2, a cathode of the rectifier stack of the rectifier capacitor UR 6, and a cathode of the rectifier capacitor R6, The pin 2 of the three-terminal voltage-stabilizing integrated circuit IC1 and the negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C2 are both grounded;
the 2 feet of the lower water level sensor IC2 are connected with the base of a triode BG2, the collector of the triode BG2 is connected with the base of a triode BG1 and the other end of a resistor R1 respectively after being connected with a resistor R2 in series, the gate of a thyristor SCR1 and one end of a resistor R4 respectively after being connected with the collector of the triode BG1 in series, the cathode of the thyristor SCR 4 is connected with the negative electrode of a diode D4 and one end of a relay J4 respectively, the 2 feet of the upper water level sensor IC4 are connected with the base of the triode BG4, the collector of the triode BG4 is connected with the positive electrode of the diode D4 and the other end of the relay J4 respectively, the 2 feet of the lower water level sensor IC4 is connected with the base of the triode BG4, the collector of the triode BG4 is connected with the base of the resistor R4 respectively after being connected with the collector of the thyristor BG4 in series, the other end of the resistor R4, the collector of the triode BG4 is connected with the gate of the thyristor D4, One end of the relay J2, a pin 2 of the upper water level sensor IC5 is connected with a base electrode of a triode BG6, a collector electrode of the triode BG6 is respectively connected with an anode of a diode D2 and the other end of the relay J2, a pin 3 of the lower water level sensor IC2, an emitter electrode of the triode BG2, a pin 3 of the upper water level sensor IC3, an emitter electrode of the triode BG3, a pin 3 of the lower water level sensor IC4, an emitter electrode of the triode BG5, a pin 3 of the upper water level sensor IC5 and an emitter electrode of the triode BG6 are all grounded;
a pin 1 of the dual operational amplifier IC6 is connected with a base electrode of a triode BG7, collectors of the triode BG7 are respectively connected with an anode of a diode D3 and the other end of a relay J3, a pin 7 of the dual operational amplifier IC6 is connected with a base electrode of a triode BG8, collectors of the triode BG8 are respectively connected with an anode of a diode D4 and the other end of a relay J4, a pin 2 of the dual operational amplifier IC6 is respectively connected with a second fixed end of a potentiometer RP1 and a cathode of a voltage stabilizing diode DW1, a pin 3 of the dual operational amplifier IC6 is respectively connected with the other end of a resistor R10 and one end of a thermistor Rt1, a pin 5 of the dual operational amplifier IC6 is respectively connected with the other end of a resistor 695R 2 and one end of a photoresistor Rs1, a pin 6 of the dual operational amplifier IC6 is respectively connected with a second fixed end of a potentiometer RP2 and a cathode of a voltage stabilizing diode 2, emitters of the triode BG7 are respectively connected with an anode of a, a pin 1 of the dual operational amplifier IC7 is connected with a base electrode of a triode BG9, collectors of the triode BG9 are respectively connected with an anode of a diode D5 and the other end of a relay J5, a pin 7 of the dual operational amplifier IC7 is connected with a base electrode of a triode BG10, collectors of the triode BG10 are respectively connected with an anode of a diode D6 and the other end of a relay J6, an emitter of the triode BG10 is connected with an anode of a light emitting diode LED1, a pin 2 of the dual operational amplifier IC7 is respectively connected with a second fixed end of a potentiometer RP3 and a cathode of a voltage stabilizing diode DW3, a pin 6 of the dual operational amplifier IC7 is respectively connected with a second fixed end of the potentiometer RP4 and a cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode DW4, a pin 3 of the dual operational amplifier IC7 is respectively connected with a pin 5 of the dual operational amplifier IC7, the other end of a resistor R11, one end of a thermistor Rt2, the other end of a photosensitive resistor 1, the other end of a thermistor Rs, The positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode DW2, the pin 4 of the dual operational amplifier IC6, the negative electrode of the light emitting diode LED2, the emitting electrode of the triode BG8, the other end of the thermistor Rt2, the positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode DW3, the positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode DW4, the pin 4 of the dual operational amplifier IC7 and the negative electrode of the light emitting diode LED1 are all grounded;
crystal oscillator XT1 is connected in series between pin 2 and pin 3 of clock chip IC8, pin 5 of clock chip IC8 is connected with pin 3 of monolithic computer IC9, pin 6 of clock chip IC8 is connected with pin 2 of monolithic computer IC9, pin 7 of clock chip IC8 is connected with pin 1 of monolithic computer IC9, pin 9 of monolithic computer IC9 is connected with negative electrode of electrolytic capacitor C3 and one end of resistor R12 respectively, pin 18 of monolithic computer IC9 is connected with one end of capacitor C4 and one end of crystal oscillator XT 4 respectively, pin 19 of monolithic computer IC4 is connected with the other end of crystal oscillator XT 4 and one end of capacitor C4 respectively, pin 21 of monolithic computer IC4 is connected with base electrode of triode BG4, collector electrode of triode BG4 is connected with positive electrode of diode D4 and the other end of relay J4 respectively, pin 22 of triode BG4 is connected with base electrode of triode BG4, collector electrode of triode BG4 is connected with positive electrode of diode D4 and base electrode of monolithic computer BG4, the collector of a triode BG13 is connected with the anode of a diode D9 and the other end of a relay J9 respectively, the emitter of the triode BG13 is connected with the anode of a light-emitting diode LED3, the other end of a normally open contact J7-2 of a relay J7 and the other end of a normally open contact J8-2 of the relay J8 are connected in parallel and then connected with one end of a normally open contact J6-1 of a relay J6, the other end of a normally open contact J6-1 of a relay J6 is connected with a normally closed contact J2-3 of a relay J2 in series and then connected with one end of a relay J10, and the 4 pin of a clock chip IC8, the other end of a resistor R12, the other end of a capacitor C4, the other end of a capacitor C5, the 20 pin of a singlechip IC9, the cathode of a light-emitting diode LED3, the emitter of a triode BG;
the live wire L is respectively connected with one end of a normally open contact J1-1 of the relay J1, one end of a normally open contact J3-1 of the relay J3, one end of a normally open contact J7-1 of the relay J7, one end of a normally open contact J8-1 of the relay J8, one end of a normally open contact J4-1 of the relay J4, one end of a normally closed contact J4-3 of the relay J4, one end of a normally closed contact J4-4 of the relay J4, one end of a normally open contact J4-1 of the relay J4, the other end of the normally open contact J4-1 of the relay J4 is connected with one end of the solenoid SV4 in series connection with the normally closed contact J4-2 of the relay J4, the other end of the normally open contact J4-1 of the relay J4, the normally open contact J4-1 of the relay J4 is connected with one end of the normally open contact J4-72 of the relay J4 in parallel connection with one end of the normally open contact J, One end of a normally closed contact J2-5 of a relay J2, the other end of a normally open contact J3-2 of the relay J3 is sequentially connected in series with a normally open contact J3-1 of the relay J3, a normally closed contact J3-2 of the relay J3, one end of an electromagnetic valve SV3 is connected after the normally closed contact J3-2 of the relay J3 is connected, the other end of the normally closed contact J3-3 of the relay J3 is connected with one end of a normally closed contact J3-3 of the relay J3, the other end of the normally closed contact J3-3 of the relay J3, the normally closed contact J3-2 of the relay J3, the normally closed contact J3-1 of the relay J3, the normally closed contact J3-3 of the relay J3, one end of the normally closed contact J3-3 is connected in series with one end of the SV3, and the normally closed contact J3-4 of the relay J3 is connected in, The normally closed contact J3-4 of the relay J3 is connected with one end of a normally open contact J5-1 of the relay J5 and one end of a normally closed contact J5-2 of the relay J5 respectively, the other end of the normally open contact J5-1 of the relay J5 is connected with the normally closed contact J9-2 of the relay J9 in series and the normally closed contact J2-4 of the relay J2 is connected with one end of the electromagnetic valve SV5 respectively, the other end of the normally closed contact J5-5 of the relay J5 is connected with one end of the normally closed contact J5-2 of the relay J5, the other end of the normally closed contact J5-2 of the relay J5 and the other end of the normally closed contact J5-3 of the relay J5 are connected with one end of the heating pipe Rf 5 respectively, the other end of the normally open contact J5-1 of the relay J5 is connected with one end of the SV 72 of the electromagnetic valve SV5, the other end of solenoid valve SV1, the other end of solenoid valve SV2, the other end of solenoid valve SV3, the other end of solenoid valve SV4, the other end of solenoid valve SV5, the other end of solenoid valve SV6, and the other end of heating pipe Rf1 are all connected to neutral line N.
2. The energy-saving full-automatic hot water supply system for the students' dormitory according to claim 1, wherein the model of the three-terminal voltage-stabilizing integrated circuit IC1 is 7805; the lower water level sensor IC2, the upper water level sensor IC3, the lower water level sensor IC4 and the upper water level sensor IC5 are water level sensors, and the model is SW 08; the models of the double operational amplifier IC6 and the double operational amplifier IC7 are LM 358; the model number of the clock chip IC8 is DS 1302; the model of the singlechip IC9 is AT89C 51.
3. The energy-saving full-automatic hot water supply system for the dormitories of students as claimed in claim 2, wherein the triodes BG 2-BG 3 and BG 5-BG 13 are NPN tube type with model number S8050, and the triodes BG1 and BG4 are PNP tube type with model number S8550.
4. The energy-saving full-automatic hot water supply system for the students' dormitory according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the type of the diodes D1-D9 is IN 4148.
5. The energy-saving full-automatic hot water supply system for the student dormitories as claimed in claim 4, wherein the relays J1-J10 are DC relays with model numbers of JRX-20F.
6. The energy-saving full-automatic hot water supply system for the dormitories of students according to claim 4, wherein the photoresistor Rs1 is negative in polarity and has a model number of MG 45; the thermistors Rt1 and Rt2 are positive thermistors.
7. The energy-saving full-automatic hot water supply system for students' dormitories as claimed in claim 4, wherein the oscillation frequency of crystal oscillator XT1 is 32.768MHz, and the oscillation frequency of crystal oscillator XT2 is 12 MHz.
8. The energy-saving full-automatic hot water supply system for the student dormitories as claimed in claim 4, wherein the solenoid valves SV 1-SV 6 are DCF-T-20, and the solenoid valves SV2 and SV5 are in an interlocking relationship.
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