CN112032122B - Hydraulic control system and excavator with same - Google Patents

Hydraulic control system and excavator with same Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112032122B
CN112032122B CN202010980840.4A CN202010980840A CN112032122B CN 112032122 B CN112032122 B CN 112032122B CN 202010980840 A CN202010980840 A CN 202010980840A CN 112032122 B CN112032122 B CN 112032122B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
oil
port
valve
communicated
hydraulic
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CN202010980840.4A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN112032122A (en
Inventor
罗念宁
刘成强
姜继海
张健
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Harbin Institute of Technology Weihai
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Harbin Institute of Technology Weihai
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
    • F15B11/08—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with only one servomotor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
    • E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
    • E02F9/2264—Arrangements or adaptations of elements for hydraulic drives
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
    • E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
    • E02F9/2264—Arrangements or adaptations of elements for hydraulic drives
    • E02F9/2267—Valves or distributors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
    • E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
    • E02F9/2278—Hydraulic circuits
    • E02F9/2292—Systems with two or more pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
    • F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
    • F15B13/04—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor
    • F15B13/0401—Valve members; Fluid interconnections therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
    • F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
    • F15B13/04—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor
    • F15B13/0416—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor with means or adapted for load sensing
    • F15B13/0417—Load sensing elements; Internal fluid connections therefor; Anti-saturation or pressure-compensation valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
    • F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
    • F15B13/04—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor
    • F15B13/042—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor operated by fluid pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
    • F15B2211/205—Systems with pumps
    • F15B2211/20576—Systems with pumps with multiple pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/50—Pressure control
    • F15B2211/515—Pressure control characterised by the connections of the pressure control means in the circuit

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydraulic control system and an excavator with the same, wherein the hydraulic control system comprises an oil tank, a first oil pump and a hydraulic cylinder, the first oil pump is communicated with the oil tank, a rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder is communicated with a first oil port, and a rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder is communicated with a second oil port; a first oil inlet and a second oil port of the first reversing valve are both connected with a first oil pump, a first oil return port is connected with an oil tank, and a one-way valve is arranged between the first oil inlet and the first oil pump; the first reversing valve has a first state, a second state and an intermediate state, and the second oil pump is communicated with the oil tank; a third oil inlet and a fourth oil inlet of the second reversing valve are both connected with a second oil pump, a second oil return port is connected with an oil tank, and a one-way valve is arranged between the third oil inlet and the second oil pump; the second reversing valve has a first state, a second state and an intermediate state; and the pressure valve is connected between the third oil port and the first oil port. This excavator can realize pneumatic cylinder backpressure automatically regulated.

Description

Hydraulic control system and excavator with same
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hydraulic equipment, in particular to an excavator with a hydraulic control system.
Background
The excavator is widely applied to engineering construction, the hydraulic excavator has multiple execution elements and complex compound actions, and the traditional excavator lacks an active adjusting function for the back pressure of a hydraulic cylinder, so that the problems of unstable movable arm of the hydraulic cylinder, uncoordinated action of a working mechanism and the like are caused under the working condition of variable load, and the control performance of the excavator is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is made to solve one of the problems of the prior art described above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic control system.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an excavator having the above hydraulic control system.
In order to achieve the above object, a hydraulic control system according to a first aspect of the present invention includes an oil tank, a first oil pump, and a hydraulic cylinder, where the first oil pump is communicated with the oil tank, a rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder is communicated with a first oil port, and a rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder is communicated with a second oil port; further comprising:
the first reversing valve is provided with a first oil inlet, a second oil inlet, a first oil return port, a first oil port, a second oil port and a third oil port, the first oil inlet and the second oil port are both connected with the first oil pump, the first oil return port and the third oil port are connected with the oil tank, and the first reversing valve is provided with a first state, a second state and a middle state,
when the first reversing valve is in a first state, the first oil inlet is communicated with the first oil port, the second oil inlet is not communicated with the third oil port, and the first oil return port is communicated with the second oil port; when the first reversing valve is in a second state, the first oil inlet is communicated with the second oil port, the first oil inlet is communicated with the first oil port, the first oil port and the first oil inlet can only be communicated in a one-way mode from the first oil port to the first oil inlet, and the second oil inlet is not communicated with the third oil port; when the first reversing valve is in the middle state, the first oil inlet and the first oil return opening are not communicated with the first oil opening and the second oil opening respectively, and the second oil inlet is communicated with the third oil opening;
the second oil pump is communicated with the oil tank;
the second reversing valve is provided with a third oil inlet, a fourth oil inlet, a second oil return port, a fourth oil port, a fifth oil port and a sixth oil port, the third oil inlet and the fourth oil inlet are communicated with the second oil pump, the second oil return port and the sixth oil port are communicated with the oil tank, and the second reversing valve has a first state, a second state and a middle state;
when the second reversing valve is in a first state, the third oil inlet is communicated with the fourth oil port, the fourth oil inlet is not communicated with the sixth oil port, and the second oil return port is communicated with the fifth oil port; when the second reversing valve is in a second state, the third oil inlet is communicated with the fifth oil port, the second oil return port is communicated with the fourth oil port, and the fourth oil inlet is not communicated with the sixth oil port; when the second reversing valve is in the middle state, the third oil inlet and the second oil return port are not communicated with the fourth oil port and the fifth oil port respectively, and the second oil return port is communicated with the sixth oil port;
the pressure valve is connected between the first oil port and the fourth oil port;
when the oil return amount of the hydraulic cylinder is large, the pressure valve conducts the fourth oil port and the first oil port; when the oil return amount of the hydraulic cylinder is small, the pressure valve does not conduct the fourth oil port and the first oil port.
In the technical scheme, when the oil return amount of the hydraulic cylinder is small, the pressure valve is not communicated with the third oil port and the first oil port, namely only the first reversing valve and the related connecting parts thereof work, when the hydraulic cylinder needs to do retraction movement, the first reversing valve is in a first state, hydraulic oil flows from the oil tank to the first oil inlet through the first oil pump, the hydraulic oil flows from the first oil inlet and flows out from the first oil port and then enters the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, so that a hydraulic rod in the hydraulic cylinder does the retraction movement, and meanwhile, the oil liquid oil in the rodless cavity enters the first reversing valve from the second oil port and returns to the oil tank from the first oil return port to complete a loop; when the hydraulic cylinder needs to do stretching movement, the first reversing valve is in a second state, hydraulic oil flows from the oil tank to the first oil inlet through the first oil pump, flows from the first oil inlet to the second oil port and then enters the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, so that the hydraulic rod in the hydraulic cylinder does stretching movement, and meanwhile, oil liquid oil in the rod cavity flows back to the rodless cavity to complete a loop;
when the oil return amount of the hydraulic cylinder is large, the pressure valve conducts the third oil port and the first oil port; when the hydraulic cylinder needs to do retraction movement, the first reversing valve is in a first state, hydraulic oil flows from the oil tank to the first oil inlet through the first oil pump, flows from the first oil inlet to the first oil port, and then enters the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, so that a hydraulic rod in the hydraulic cylinder does retraction movement; synchronously, the second reversing valve is in the first state, hydraulic oil flows from the oil tank to the third oil inlet through the second oil pump, flows in from the third oil inlet and flows out from the fourth oil inlet, then flows through the pressure valve and flows into the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, and meanwhile, the hydraulic oil in the rodless cavity respectively enters the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve from the second oil inlet and the fifth oil inlet and respectively returns to the oil tank from the first oil return port and the second oil return port to complete a loop.
When the hydraulic cylinder needs to do stretching movement, the first reversing valve is in a second state, hydraulic oil flows from the oil tank to the first oil inlet through the first oil pump, flows from the first oil inlet to the second oil port and flows out of the second oil port, then flows into the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, synchronously, the second reversing valve is in the second state, the hydraulic oil flows from the oil tank to the third oil inlet through the second oil pump, flows from the third oil inlet to the fifth oil port and flows to the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, so that a hydraulic rod in the hydraulic cylinder does stretching movement, meanwhile, one part of the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity flows back to the rodless cavity, and the other part of the hydraulic oil flows through the pressure valve, enters the second reversing valve through the fourth oil port and flows to the oil tank through the second oil return port to complete a loop;
this hydraulic control system can carry out nimble regulation according to actual need to the flexible speed of pneumatic cylinder, realizes the independent work of first oil pump and second oil pump confluence or first oil pump promptly, makes it move steadily under the changeable operating mode of load, can realize pneumatic cylinder backpressure automatically regulated, and the action harmony is strong, controls the performance good.
In addition, the hydraulic control system according to the present invention may further have the following technical features:
in one example of the present invention, the method further comprises:
the controller is coupled with at least the first reversing valve, the second reversing valve and the pressure valve, and controls the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve to independently or synchronously act and control the working states of the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve by controlling the conduction and the closing of the pressure valve.
In one example of the invention, the pressure valve is an electro-hydraulic compound control pressure valve, and is provided with a first port and a second port, the second port is communicated with the fourth oil port, and the first port is communicated with the first oil port; having a first state and a second state, the first port not being in communication with the second port when the pressure valve is in the first state; when the pressure valve is in a second state, the first port is in communication with the second port.
The electro-hydraulic compound control pressure valve is also provided with a first connecting end and a second connecting end, the first connecting end is coupled with the controller, the second connecting end is communicated with the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder,
when the pressure of the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder is greater than or equal to the threshold pressure, the controller controls the electro-hydraulic compound control pressure valve to conduct the fourth oil port and the first oil port; when the pressure of the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder is smaller than the threshold pressure, the controller controls the electro-hydraulic compound control pressure valve to not conduct the fourth oil port and the first oil port.
In one example of the present invention, the method further comprises: and the pressure sensor is arranged in a rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, is coupled with the electro-hydraulic compound control pressure valve, is used for detecting a pressure signal of the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder and transmits the pressure signal to the electro-hydraulic compound control pressure valve.
In one example of the present invention, the method further comprises: the valve is inserted into the valve body,
the cartridge valve is provided with an input end and an output end, the input end is communicated with the first port, and the output end is communicated with the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder;
so that hydraulic oil can only flow from the first port in the direction of the rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder.
In one example of the present invention,
the system also comprises two load holding valves connected in series, wherein the load holding valves are provided with a first port, a second port and a third port connected between the two load holding valves, the first port is communicated with the hydraulic cylinder 30, the second port is communicated with an oil tank, and the third port is connected with the cartridge valve.
In one example of the present invention, the method further comprises: an overflow valve is arranged on the upper portion of the main body,
the overflow valve is connected to an output port of the first oil pump and used for opening the overflow valve when the pressure value between the first oil pump and the first reversing valve is detected to be larger than the preset value;
and/or
The overflow valve is connected to an output port of the second oil pump and used for opening the overflow valve when the pressure value between the second oil pump and the second reversing valve is larger than the preset value.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: a secondary overflow valve is arranged on the upper portion of the main body,
the secondary overflow valve is connected between the fourth oil port and the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder and is used for opening the secondary overflow valve when the pressure value between the fourth oil port of the second reversing valve and the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder is larger than the preset value.
In one example of the present invention, the method further comprises: a pilot valve for controlling the flow of the fluid,
the pilot valve is connected between the controller and the first reversing valve and used for opening the pilot valve when the pressure value of the first reversing valve is greater than or equal to the preset value of the first reversing valve;
and/or
The pilot valve is connected between the controller and the second reversing valve and used for opening the pilot valve when the pressure value of the second reversing valve is larger than or equal to the preset value of the second reversing valve.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, an excavator has the hydraulic control system described above.
The following description of the preferred embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be made in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that the features and advantages of the present invention can be easily understood.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydraulic control system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
a fuel tank 10;
a first oil pump 20;
a hydraulic cylinder 30;
a rodless cavity 31;
a rod cavity 32;
a first direction valve 40;
a first oil inlet 41;
a second oil inlet 42;
a first oil return port 43;
a first oil port 44;
a second oil port 45;
a third oil port 46;
a second oil pump 50;
a second direction changing valve 60;
a third oil inlet 61;
a fourth oil inlet 62;
a second oil return port 63;
a fourth oil port 64;
a fifth oil port 65;
a sixth oil port 66;
a pressure valve 70;
a first port 71;
a second port 72;
a first connection end 73;
a second connection end 74;
a controller 80;
a cartridge valve 90;
an input terminal 91;
an output terminal 92;
a load holding valve 100;
a first port 101;
a second port 102;
a third port 103;
an overflow valve 110;
a secondary overflow valve 120;
a pilot valve 130;
a one-way valve 140.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
The following description is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings to assist in a comprehensive understanding of various embodiments of the invention as defined by the claims. It includes various specific details to assist in this understanding, but these details should be construed as merely exemplary. Accordingly, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that changes and modifications of the various embodiments described herein can be made without departing from the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims. Moreover, descriptions of well-known functions and constructions may be omitted for clarity and conciseness.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the following descriptions of the various embodiments of the present invention are provided for illustration only and not for the purpose of limiting the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Throughout the description and claims of this specification, the words "comprise" and variations of the words, for example "comprising" and "comprises", mean "including but not limited to", and are not intended to (and do not) exclude other components, integers or steps.
Features, integers or characteristics described in conjunction with a particular aspect, embodiment or example of the invention are to be understood to be applicable to any other aspect, embodiment or example described herein unless incompatible therewith.
It is to be understood that the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. The expression "comprising" and/or "may comprise" as used in the present invention is intended to indicate the presence of corresponding functions, operations or elements, and is not intended to limit the presence of one or more functions, operations and/or elements. Furthermore, in the present invention, the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are intended to indicate the presence of the features, amounts, operations, elements, and components disclosed in the specification, or combinations thereof. Thus, the terms "comprising" and/or "having" should be understood as presenting additional possibilities for one or more other features, quantities, operations, elements, and components, or combinations thereof.
In the present invention, the expression "or" comprises any and all combinations of the words listed together. For example, "a or B" may comprise a or B, or may comprise both a and B.
Although expressions such as "1 st", "2 nd", "first" and "second" may be used to describe the respective elements of the present invention, they are not intended to limit the corresponding elements. For example, the above expressions are not intended to limit the order or importance of the corresponding elements. The above expressions are used to distinguish one element from another.
When an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element, but it is understood that intervening elements may be present. Alternatively, when an element is referred to as being "directly connected" or "directly coupled" to another element, it is understood that there are no intervening elements present between the two elements.
References herein to "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. are merely intended to indicate relative positional relationships, which may change accordingly when the absolute position of the object being described changes.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Singular references include plural references unless there is a significant difference in context, scheme or the like between them.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and the present specification and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
The hydraulic control system according to the first aspect of the present invention includes an oil tank 10, a first oil pump 20 and a hydraulic cylinder 30, wherein the first oil pump 20 is communicated with the oil tank 10, a rod cavity 32 of the hydraulic cylinder 30 is communicated with the first oil port 44, and a rod-free cavity 31 thereof is communicated with the second oil port 45; further comprising:
a first direction valve 40, wherein the first direction valve 40 has a first oil inlet 41, a second oil inlet 42, a first oil return port 43, a first oil port 44, a second oil port 45 and a third oil port 46, the first oil inlet 41 and the second oil port 45 are both connected to the first oil pump 20, the first oil return port 43 and the third oil port 46 are connected to the oil tank 10, and a check valve 140 is disposed between the first oil inlet 41 and the first oil pump 20, so that hydraulic oil can only flow from the first oil pump 20 to the first oil inlet 41; the first direction valve 40 has a first state, a second state and an intermediate state,
when the first direction valve 40 is in the first state, the first oil inlet 41 is communicated with the first oil port 44, the second oil inlet 42 is not communicated with the third oil port 46, and the first oil return port 43 is communicated with the second oil port 45; when the first direction valve 40 is in the second state, the first oil inlet 41 is communicated with the second oil port 45, the first oil inlet 41 is communicated with the first oil port 44, the first oil port 44 and the first oil inlet 41 can only be communicated in one direction from the first oil port 44 to the first oil inlet 41, and the second oil inlet 42 is not communicated with the third oil port 46; when the first direction valve 40 is in the intermediate state, the first oil inlet 41 and the first oil return port 43 are not communicated with the first oil port 44 and the second oil port 45, respectively, and the second oil inlet 42 is communicated with the third oil port 46;
a second oil pump 50, wherein the second oil pump 50 is communicated with the oil tank 10;
the second reversing valve 60 is provided with a third oil inlet 61, a fourth oil inlet 62, a second oil return port 63, a fourth oil port 64, a fifth oil port 65 and a sixth oil port 66, the third oil inlet 61 and the fourth oil inlet 62 are both communicated with the second oil pump 50, the second oil return port 63 and the sixth oil port 66 are communicated with the oil tank 10, and a check valve 140 is arranged between the third oil inlet 61 and the second oil pump 50, so that hydraulic oil can only flow from the second oil pump 50 to the third oil inlet 61; the second direction valve 60 has a first state, a second state and an intermediate state;
when the second direction valve 60 is in the first state, the third oil inlet 61 is communicated with the fourth oil port 64, the fourth oil inlet 62 is not communicated with the sixth oil port 66, and the second oil return port 63 is communicated with the fifth oil port 65; when the second direction valve 60 is in the second state, the third oil inlet 61 is communicated with the fifth oil port 65, the second oil return port 63 is communicated with the fourth oil port 64, and the fourth oil inlet 62 is not communicated with the sixth oil port 66; when the second direction valve 60 is in the intermediate state, the third oil inlet 61 and the second oil return port 63 are not communicated with the fourth oil port 64 and the fifth oil port 65, respectively, and the second oil return port 63 is communicated with the sixth oil port 66; (ii) a
A pressure valve 70, the pressure valve 70 being connected between the first port 44 and the fourth port 64;
when the oil return amount of the hydraulic cylinder 30 is large, the pressure valve 70 opens the fourth oil port 64 and the first oil port 44; when the return amount of the hydraulic cylinder 30 is small, the pressure valve 70 does not conduct the fourth port 64 and the first port 44.
Specifically, when the oil return amount of the hydraulic cylinder 30 is small, the pressure valve 70 does not conduct the fourth oil port 64 and the first oil port 44, that is, only the first directional control valve 40 and the related connecting components thereof operate, when the hydraulic cylinder 30 needs to perform retraction movement, the first directional control valve 40 is in the first state, hydraulic oil flows from the oil tank 10 to the first oil inlet 41 through the first oil pump 20, the hydraulic oil flows from the first oil inlet 41 and flows out from the first oil port 44, and then flows into the rod chamber 32 of the hydraulic cylinder 30, so that the hydraulic rod in the hydraulic cylinder 30 performs retraction movement, and meanwhile, the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber 31 enters the first directional control valve 40 through the second oil port 45 and returns to the oil tank 10 through the first oil return port 43 to complete a loop; when the hydraulic cylinder 30 needs to make an extending motion, the first directional control valve 40 is in the second state, hydraulic oil flows from the oil tank 10 to the first oil inlet 41 through the first oil pump 20, flows in from the first oil inlet 41 and flows out from the second oil port 45, and then enters the rodless cavity 31 of the hydraulic cylinder 30, so that a hydraulic rod in the hydraulic cylinder 30 makes an extending motion, and meanwhile, oil liquid oil in the rod cavity 32 flows back to the rodless cavity 31 to complete a loop;
when the oil return amount of the hydraulic cylinder 30 is large, the pressure valve 70 opens the fourth oil port 64 and the first oil port 44; when the hydraulic cylinder 30 needs to perform retraction movement, the first direction valve 40 is in a first state, hydraulic oil flows from the oil tank 10 to the first oil inlet 41 through the first oil pump 20, flows from the first oil inlet 41 to the first oil port 44, and then enters the rod chamber 32 of the hydraulic cylinder 30, so that the hydraulic rod in the hydraulic cylinder 30 performs retraction movement; synchronously, the second direction valve 60 is in the first state, the hydraulic oil flows from the oil tank 10 to the third oil inlet 61 through the second oil pump 50, the hydraulic oil flows from the third oil inlet 61 and flows out from the fourth oil inlet 64, and then flows through the pressure valve 70 to flow into the rod chamber 32 of the hydraulic cylinder 30, and meanwhile, the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber 31 enters the first direction valve 40 and the second direction valve 60 through the second oil inlet 45 and the fifth oil inlet 65, and returns to the oil tank 10 through the first oil return port 43 and the second oil return port 63 to complete the circuit.
When the hydraulic cylinder 30 needs to make an extending movement, the first directional control valve 40 is in the second state, hydraulic oil flows from the oil tank 10 to the first oil inlet 41 through the first oil pump 20, the hydraulic oil flows from the first oil inlet 41 and flows out from the second oil port 45, and then flows into the rodless cavity 31 of the hydraulic cylinder 30, and synchronously, the second directional control valve 60 is in the second state, hydraulic oil flows from the oil tank 10 to the third oil inlet 61 through the second oil pump 50, the hydraulic oil flows from the third oil inlet 61 and flows out from the fifth oil port 65, and then flows to the rodless cavity 31 of the hydraulic cylinder 30, so that the hydraulic rod in the hydraulic cylinder 30 makes an extending movement, and meanwhile, a part of the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity 32 flows back to the rodless cavity 31, and the other part of the hydraulic oil flows through the pressure valve 70, enters the second directional control valve 60 through the fourth oil port 64, and flows to the oil return port 63 to the oil tank 10 to complete a loop;
this hydraulic control system can carry out nimble regulation to the flexible speed of pneumatic cylinder 30 according to actual need, realizes first oil pump 20 and the confluence of second oil pump 50 or the independent work of first oil pump 20 promptly, makes it move steadily under the changeable operating mode of load, can realize pneumatic cylinder backpressure automatically regulated, and the action harmony is strong, controls the performance good.
In one example of the present invention, the method further comprises:
a controller 80, wherein the controller 80 is coupled to at least the first direction valve 40, the second direction valve 60 and the pressure valve 70, and controls the first direction valve 40, the second direction valve 60 to independently or synchronously act and the working states of the first direction valve 40, the second direction valve 60 by controlling the opening and closing of the pressure valve 70;
that is, the first direction valve 40 and the second direction valve 60 may each be a three-position, six-way solenoid valve, each coupled to the controller 80, and the controller 80 controls the pressure valve 70 to control the first direction valve 40 to operate independently, the first direction valve 40 and the second direction valve 60 to operate simultaneously, and the first direction valve 40 and the second direction valve 60 to switch between their respective first state, second state, and intermediate state, to facilitate control of the hydraulic control system by the controller 80.
In one example of the present invention, the pressure valve 70 is an electro-hydraulic compound control pressure valve 70, and has a first port 71 and a second port 72, the second port 72 is communicated with the fourth port 64, and the first port 71 is communicated with the first port 44; having a first state and a second state, said first port 71 not being in communication with said second port 72 when said pressure valve 70 is in the first state; when the pressure valve 70 is in the second state, the first port 71 is in communication with the second port 72.
The electro-hydraulic compound control pressure valve further has a first connection end 73 and a second connection end 74, the first connection end 73 is coupled to the controller 80, the second connection end 74 is communicated with the rodless cavity 31 of the hydraulic cylinder 30,
when the pressure of the rodless cavity 31 of the hydraulic cylinder 30 is greater than or equal to the threshold pressure, the controller 80 controls the electro-hydraulic compound control pressure valve to conduct the fourth oil port 64 and the first oil port 44; when the pressure of the rodless cavity 31 of the hydraulic cylinder 30 is smaller than the threshold pressure, the controller 80 controls the electro-hydraulic compound control pressure valve to not conduct the fourth oil port 64 and the first oil port 44; that is, when the oil return amount of the hydraulic cylinder 30 is large, the pressure valve 70 opens the fourth oil port 64 and the first oil port 44; when the oil return amount of the hydraulic cylinder 30 is small, the pressure valve 70 does not conduct the fourth oil port 64 and the first oil port 44;
in short, the first connection end 73 of the electro-hydraulic compound control pressure valve is controlled by the controller 80, the controller 80 gives out a control signal according to the working state and the control strategy of the hydraulic cylinder 30, and the second connection end 74 of the electro-hydraulic compound control pressure valve is controlled by the pressure of the rodless cavity 31 of the hydraulic cylinder 30 and automatically adjusted according to the pressure condition of the rodless cavity 31, so that the intelligent control of the hydraulic control system is realized.
In one example of the present invention, the method further comprises: the pressure sensor is arranged in the rodless cavity 31 of the hydraulic cylinder 30, is coupled with the electro-hydraulic compound control pressure valve, and is used for detecting a pressure signal of the rodless cavity 31 of the hydraulic cylinder 30 and transmitting the pressure signal to the electro-hydraulic compound control pressure valve;
the control of the second connecting end 74 of the electro-hydraulic compound control pressure valve on the pressure of the rodless cavity 31 of the hydraulic cylinder 30 is realized through a pressure sensor, the second connecting end 74 of the electro-hydraulic compound control pressure valve is controlled by the pressure of the rodless cavity 31 of the hydraulic cylinder 30, automatic adjustment and electro-hydraulic compound are carried out according to the pressure, the first connecting end of the pressure valve is controlled by a controller 80, and the controller 80 gives out control signals according to the working state of the whole excavator and the control strategy of the whole excavator so as to realize the intelligent control of the excavator.
In one example of the present invention, the method further comprises: the flow rate of the cartridge valve 90 is controlled,
the cartridge valve 90 has an input 91 and an output 92, the input 91 communicating with the first port 71, the output 92 communicating with the rod chamber 32 of the hydraulic cylinder 30;
so that hydraulic oil can flow only from the first port 71 in the direction of the rod chamber 32 of the hydraulic cylinder 30.
In other words, the cartridge valve 90 is similar to a check valve 140, and mainly functions to allow the hydraulic oil to flow only from the fourth port 64 to the rod chamber 32 of the hydraulic cylinder 30, thereby preventing the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder 30 from flowing back.
In one example of the invention, two load holding valves 100 are included in series having a first port 101, a second port 102 and a third port 103 connected between the two load holding valves 100, wherein the first port 101 is in communication with the hydraulic cylinder 30, the second port 102 is in communication with the tank 10 and the third port 103 is connected to the cartridge valve 90 for maintaining a pressure value in a line connected thereto.
In one example of the present invention, the method further comprises: the relief valve (110) is provided,
the overflow valve 110 is connected to an output port of the first oil pump 20, and is configured to open the overflow valve 110 when a pressure value between the first oil pump 20 and the first direction valve 40 is greater than a preset value;
and/or
The overflow valve 110 is connected to an output port of the second oil pump 50, and is configured to open the overflow valve 110 when a pressure value between the second oil pump 50 and the second direction valve 60 is greater than a preset value;
the relief valve 110 is provided to limit the pressure value of the hydraulic oil from the first oil pump 20 and/or the second oil pump 50, and protect the corresponding pipeline.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: the secondary overflow valve 120 is provided with a secondary overflow valve,
the secondary overflow valve 120 is connected between the fourth oil port 64 and the rodless cavity 31 of the hydraulic cylinder 30, and is configured to open the secondary overflow valve 120 when a pressure value between the fourth oil port 64 of the second directional valve 60 and the rodless cavity 31 of the hydraulic cylinder 30 is greater than a preset value;
the secondary relief valve 120 may protect an oil passage between the first oil port 44 and the rod-less chamber 31 of the hydraulic cylinder 30.
In one example of the present invention, the method further comprises: the pilot valve 130 is operated in a pilot mode,
the pilot valve 130 is connected between the controller 80 and the first direction valve 40, and is used for opening the pilot valve 130 when the pressure value of the first direction valve 40 is greater than or equal to the preset value of the first direction valve 40;
and/or
The pilot valve 130 is connected between the controller 80 and the second direction valve 60, and is configured to open the pilot valve 130 when the pressure value of the second direction valve 60 is greater than or equal to the preset value of the second direction valve 60.
The following is a brief description of the working principle of the hydraulic control system according to the embodiment of the present disclosure:
when the oil return amount of the hydraulic cylinder 30 is small, the controller 80 controls the pressure valve 70 to not conduct the third oil port 46 and the first oil port 44, that is, only the first directional control valve 40 and the related connecting components thereof work at this time, when the hydraulic cylinder 30 needs to perform retraction movement, the controller 80 controls the first directional control valve 40 to be in the first state, hydraulic oil flows from the oil tank 10 to the first oil inlet 41 through the first oil pump 20, the hydraulic oil flows from the first oil inlet 41 and flows out from the first oil port 44, and then flows into the rod chamber 32 of the hydraulic cylinder 30, so that the hydraulic rod in the hydraulic cylinder 30 performs retraction movement, and meanwhile, the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber 31 enters the first directional control valve 40 from the second oil port 45 and returns to the oil tank 10 from the first oil return port 43 to complete a loop; when the hydraulic cylinder 30 needs to make an extending motion, the controller 80 controls the first directional control valve 40 to be in the second state, hydraulic oil flows from the oil tank 10 to the first oil inlet 41 through the first oil pump 20, flows in from the first oil inlet 41 and flows out from the second oil port 45, and then enters the rodless cavity 31 of the hydraulic cylinder 30, so that a hydraulic rod in the hydraulic cylinder 30 makes an extending motion, and meanwhile, oil liquid oil in the rod cavity 32 flows back to the rodless cavity 31 to complete a loop;
when the oil return amount of the hydraulic cylinder 30 is large, the controller 80 controls the pressure valve 70 to conduct the third oil port 46 and the first oil port 44; when the hydraulic cylinder 30 needs to perform retraction movement, the controller 80 controls the first direction valve 40 to be in a first state, hydraulic oil flows from the oil tank 10 to the first oil inlet 41 through the first oil pump 20, flows from the first oil inlet 41 to the first oil port 44, and then flows into the rod cavity 32 of the hydraulic cylinder 30, so that the hydraulic rods in the hydraulic cylinder 30 perform retraction movement; synchronously, the controller 80 controls the second directional control valve 60 to be in the first state, hydraulic oil flows from the oil tank 10 to the third oil inlet 61 through the second oil pump 50, the hydraulic oil flows from the third oil inlet 61 and flows out from the fourth oil inlet 64, then flows through the pressure valve 70 and flows into the rod chamber 32 of the hydraulic cylinder 30, and meanwhile, the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber 31 enters the first directional control valve 40 and the second directional control valve 60 through the second oil inlet 45 and the fifth oil inlet 65, and returns to the oil tank 10 through the first oil return port 43 and the second oil return port 63 to complete the circuit.
When the hydraulic cylinder 30 needs to make an extending movement, the controller 80 controls the first directional control valve 40 to be in the second state, the hydraulic oil flows from the oil tank 10 to the first oil inlet 41 through the first oil pump 20, the hydraulic oil flows from the first oil inlet 41 and flows out from the second oil port 45, and then into the rodless chamber 31 of the hydraulic cylinder 30, and simultaneously, the controller 80 controls the second directional control valve 60 to be in the second state, the hydraulic oil flows from the oil tank 10 to the third oil inlet 61 through the second oil pump 50, the hydraulic oil flows from the third oil inlet 61 and flows out from the fifth oil inlet 65, and then flows to the rodless chamber 31 of the hydraulic cylinder 30, so that the hydraulic rod in the hydraulic cylinder 30 makes an extending motion, meanwhile, a part of the oil in the rod chamber 32 flows back to the rodless chamber 31, and another part of the oil flows through the pressure valve 70, enters the second direction valve 60 from the fourth oil port 64, and flows to the oil tank 10 from the second oil return port 63 to complete the circuit;
the hydraulic control system can flexibly adjust the telescopic speed of the hydraulic cylinder 30 according to actual needs, namely, confluence of the first oil pump 20 and the second oil pump 50 or independent work of the first oil pump 20 is realized, so that the hydraulic control system can stably move under the working condition of variable load.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, the excavator has the hydraulic control system described above, and the excavator has a function of automatically adjusting the back pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 30, and realizes coordination of the excavator operation.
The above description is intended to be illustrative of the present invention and not to limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the claims appended hereto.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various features of the various embodiments of the invention described hereinabove may be omitted, added to, or combined in any manner, respectively. Moreover, simple modifications and structural modifications that are adaptive and functional to those skilled in the art are within the scope of the present invention.
While the invention has been shown and described with reference to various embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (9)

1. A hydraulic control system comprises an oil tank (10), a first oil pump (20) and a hydraulic cylinder (30), wherein the first oil pump (20) is communicated with the oil tank (10), a rod cavity (32) of the hydraulic cylinder (30) is communicated with a first oil port (44), and a rodless cavity (31) of the hydraulic cylinder is communicated with a second oil port (45); it is characterized by also comprising:
the oil pump comprises a first reversing valve (40), wherein the first reversing valve (40) is provided with a first oil inlet (41), a second oil inlet (42), a first oil return port (43), a first oil port (44), a second oil port (45) and a third oil port (46), the first oil inlet (41) and the second oil port (45) are connected with the first oil pump (20), the first oil return port (43) and the third oil port (46) are connected with the oil tank (10), and the first reversing valve (40) has a first state, a second state and a middle state,
when the first reversing valve (40) is in a first state, the first oil inlet (41) is communicated with the first oil port (44), the second oil inlet (42) is not communicated with the third oil port (46), and the first oil return port (43) is communicated with the second oil port (45); when the first reversing valve (40) is in the second state, the first oil inlet (41) is communicated with the second oil port (45), the first oil inlet (41) is communicated with the first oil port (44) in a one-way mode, the flow direction of the first oil port (44) flows to the first oil inlet (41), and the second oil inlet (42) is not communicated with the third oil port (46); when the first reversing valve (40) is in the middle state, the first oil inlet (41) and the first oil return port (43) are not communicated with the first oil port (44) and the second oil port (45) respectively, and the second oil inlet (42) is communicated with the third oil port (46);
a second oil pump (50), the second oil pump (50) being in communication with the oil tank (10);
the second reversing valve (60) is provided with a third oil inlet (61), a fourth oil inlet (62), a second oil return port (63), a fourth oil port (64), a fifth oil port (65) and a sixth oil port (66), the third oil inlet (61) and the fourth oil inlet (62) are communicated with the second oil pump (50), the second oil return port (63) and the sixth oil port (66) are communicated with the oil tank (10), and the second reversing valve (60) has a first state, a second state and a middle state;
when the second reversing valve (60) is in the first state, the third oil inlet (61) is communicated with the fourth oil port (64), the fourth oil inlet (62) is not communicated with the sixth oil port (66), and the second oil return port (63) is communicated with the fifth oil port (65); when the second reversing valve (60) is in a second state, the third oil inlet (61) is communicated with the fifth oil port (65), the second oil return port (63) is communicated with the fourth oil port (64), and the fourth oil inlet (62) is not communicated with the sixth oil port (66); when the second reversing valve (60) is in the middle state, the third oil inlet (61) and the second oil return port (63) are not communicated with the fourth oil port (64) and the fifth oil port (65) respectively, and the second oil return port (63) is communicated with the sixth oil port (66);
a pressure valve (70), the pressure valve (70) connected between the first port (44) and the fourth port (64);
when the oil return amount of the hydraulic cylinder (30) is large, the pressure valve (70) conducts the fourth oil port (64) and the first oil port (44); when the oil return amount of the hydraulic cylinder (30) is small, the pressure valve (70) does not conduct the fourth oil port (64) and the first oil port (44);
a controller (80), the controller (80) being coupled to at least the first direction valve (40), the second direction valve (60) and the pressure valve (70), and controlling the first direction valve (40), the second direction valve (60) to act independently or synchronously and controlling the working states of the first direction valve (40), the second direction valve (60) by controlling the opening and closing of the pressure valve (70).
2. The hydraulic control system of claim 1,
the pressure valve (70) is an electro-hydraulic compound control pressure valve and is provided with a first port (71) and a second port (72), the second port (72) is communicated with the fourth oil port (64), and the first port (71) is communicated with the first oil port (44); having a first state and a second state, the first port (71) not being in communication with the second port (72) when the pressure valve is in the first state; when the pressure valve is in a second state, the first port (71) is in communication with the second port (72).
The electro-hydraulic compound control pressure valve is also provided with a first connecting end (73) and a second connecting end (74), the first connecting end (73) is coupled with the controller (80), the second connecting end (74) is communicated with a rodless cavity (31) of the hydraulic cylinder (30),
when the pressure of a rodless cavity (31) of the hydraulic cylinder (30) is larger than or equal to a threshold pressure, the controller (80) controls the electro-hydraulic compound control pressure valve to conduct a fourth oil port (64) and a first oil port (44); when the pressure of a rodless cavity (31) of the hydraulic cylinder (30) is smaller than a threshold pressure, the controller (80) controls the electro-hydraulic compound control pressure valve to not conduct the fourth oil port (64) and the first oil port (44).
3. The hydraulic control system of claim 2,
further comprising: the pressure sensor is arranged in a rodless cavity (31) of the hydraulic cylinder (30), is coupled with the electro-hydraulic compound control pressure valve, and is used for detecting a pressure signal of the rodless cavity (31) of the hydraulic cylinder (30) and transmitting the pressure signal to the electro-hydraulic compound control pressure valve.
4. The hydraulic control system of claim 2,
further comprising: a cartridge valve (90),
the cartridge valve (90) having an input end (91) and an output end (92), the input end (91) being in communication with the first port (71), the output end (92) being in communication with the rod chamber (32) of the hydraulic cylinder (30);
so that hydraulic oil can only flow from the first port (71) in the direction of the rod chamber (32) of the hydraulic cylinder (30).
5. The hydraulic control system of claim 4,
the hydraulic control system further comprises two load holding valves (100) connected in series, and the load holding valves (100) are provided with a first port (101), a second port (102) and a third port (103) connected between the two load holding valves (100), wherein the first port (101) is communicated with the hydraulic cylinder (30), the second port (102) is communicated with the oil tank (10), and the third port (103) is connected with the cartridge valve (90).
6. The hydraulic control system of claim 1,
further comprising: a relief valve (110),
the overflow valve (110) is connected to an output port of the first oil pump (20) and is used for opening the overflow valve (110) when the pressure value between the first oil pump (20) and the first reversing valve (40) is detected to be larger than the preset value;
and/or
The overflow valve (110) is connected to an output port of the second oil pump (50) and used for opening the overflow valve (110) when the pressure value between the second oil pump (50) and the second reversing valve (60) is larger than the preset value.
7. The hydraulic control system of claim 1,
further comprising: a secondary overflow valve (120),
the secondary overflow valve (120) is connected between the fourth oil port (64) and the rodless cavity (31) of the hydraulic cylinder (30) and is used for opening the secondary overflow valve (120) when the pressure value between the fourth oil port (64) of the second reversing valve (60) and the rodless cavity (31) of the hydraulic cylinder (30) is larger than the preset value.
8. The hydraulic control system of claim 1,
further comprising: a pilot valve (130),
the pilot valve (130) is connected between the controller (80) and the first reversing valve (40) and used for opening the pilot valve (130) when the pressure value of the first reversing valve (40) is larger than or equal to the preset value of the first reversing valve (40);
and/or
The pilot valve (130) is connected between the controller (80) and the second reversing valve (60) and used for opening the pilot valve (130) when the pressure value of the second reversing valve (60) is larger than or equal to the preset value of the second reversing valve (60).
9. An excavator having a hydraulic control system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
CN202010980840.4A 2020-09-17 2020-09-17 Hydraulic control system and excavator with same Expired - Fee Related CN112032122B (en)

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CN102588359B (en) * 2012-02-28 2014-10-22 上海中联重科桩工机械有限公司 Hydraulic system, excavator and control method of hydraulic system
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