CN112031684A - Controlled pressure drilling back pressure compensation system - Google Patents
Controlled pressure drilling back pressure compensation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112031684A CN112031684A CN201910476375.8A CN201910476375A CN112031684A CN 112031684 A CN112031684 A CN 112031684A CN 201910476375 A CN201910476375 A CN 201910476375A CN 112031684 A CN112031684 A CN 112031684A
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- pressure
- air bag
- back pressure
- pump
- pressure pump
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000010412 perfusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/08—Controlling or monitoring pressure or flow of drilling fluid, e.g. automatic filling of boreholes, automatic control of bottom pressure
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a back pressure compensation system for pressure control drilling, which comprises: the air bag group is connected to a branch of a direct-current pipeline at the outlet of the back pressure pump; the air bag group comprises three air bags, and the air bags are connected to the branch of the outlet direct current pipeline in parallel; the air bag comprises a manual stop valve, a pressure detection and inflation port, a pressure capsule and a steel cylinder; the pressure capsule is arranged in the steel cylinder, the pressure detection and inflation port is arranged at one end of the steel cylinder, and the manual stop valve is arranged between the other end of the steel cylinder and a branch of an outlet direct current pipeline; wherein the pressure capsule of the air bag is filled with nitrogen with different pressures. The invention is improved on the problem that the air bag is narrow in pressure range suitable for the back pressure pump, has good effect, simple structure and convenient operation, can be matched at will, can quickly adjust the buffering capacity, and meets the requirements of field operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum drilling engineering, in particular to a pressure control drilling back pressure compensation system.
Background
With the development of petroleum exploration to deep complex strata, the underground complexities such as narrow density windows, same-layer jetting and leakage, simultaneous jetting and leakage and the like become technical bottlenecks which influence and restrict petroleum drilling construction. The safety window between the formation pore pressure of the narrow density window and the fracture pressure and the leakage pressure is small, the annular pressure fluctuation range of the conventional drilling mode is large, the annular pressure fluctuation range easily exceeds the safety drilling window, and particularly, complex accidents such as well leakage, well kick, well wall instability, drill sticking and the like are easily caused in the tripping process, so that the production time is reduced, the drilling period is prolonged, and the cost is increased. Therefore, higher requirements are put on the accurate control of the pressure of the oil and gas well drilling shaft.
The pressure control drilling can well control the pressure of a shaft, the occurrence of accidents is reduced, particularly when mud pumps of well teams such as tripping, connecting single wells and the like stop working, the bottom hole pressure can be controlled to be unchanged by starting a back pressure pump and matching with an automatic throttling manifold, and the bottom hole pressure is kept within a safety window all the time. However, in the working process, when the working pressure of the back pressure pump exceeds 4MPa, the pressure control value and the flow fluctuation are large, the pipeline shakes seriously, and the effect is obvious after the pressure of the air bag is adjusted. However, the same problem occurs again when the throttle pressure is changed again. The staff judges that the outlet of the pressure control drilling back pressure compensation pump is only provided with one air bag, the pre-charging pressure is 1MPa, the suitable throttling pressure is 3-4 MPa, the air bag with slightly higher pressure is difficult to adapt, and the buffering effect is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of low adaptability, poor buffering effect and the like in the conventional pressure-controlled drilling operation, the embodiment of the invention provides a pressure-controlled drilling back pressure compensation system, which comprises: the air bag group is connected to a branch of a direct-current pipeline at the outlet of the back pressure pump;
the air bag group comprises three air bags, and the air bags are connected to the branch of the outlet direct current pipeline in parallel;
the air bag comprises a manual stop valve, a pressure detection and inflation port, a pressure capsule and a steel cylinder; the pressure capsule is arranged in the steel cylinder, the pressure detection and inflation port is arranged at one end of the steel cylinder, and the manual stop valve is arranged between the other end of the steel cylinder and a branch of an outlet direct current pipeline; wherein the pressure capsule of the air bag is filled with nitrogen with different pressures.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the system further includes a pneumatic flat valve disposed between the back-pressure pump and the air bag set.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the system further includes a pressure relief valve, which is disposed between the back pressure pump and the air bag set and connected in parallel with the pneumatic flat valve.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the system further includes an electric motor connected to the back-pressure pump for supplying power to the back-pressure pump.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the system further includes a perfusion pump disposed at an inlet of the back-pressure pump.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the system further includes a low pressure gauge disposed between the perfusion pump and the back pressure pump.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the system further includes a flow meter disposed between the low pressure gauge and the back pressure pump.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the system further includes a high pressure gauge disposed between the back pressure pump and the air bag set.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the system further includes a check valve and a manual plate valve.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the pressure of the nitrogen gas filled in the pressure capsule of the air bag is 1MPa, 2MPa, and 3MPa, respectively.
The invention is improved on the problem that the air bag is narrow in pressure range suitable for the back pressure pump, has good effect, simple structure and convenient operation, can be matched at will, can quickly adjust the buffer capacity, meets the requirements of field operation, and reduces the workload of field personnel, the cost of using nitrogen and the waste of energy.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive labor.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a back pressure compensation system for a pressure-controlled drilling according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention provides a back pressure compensation system for a pressure control drilling well.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a back pressure compensation system for a pressure-controlled drilling according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the system includes: the air bag set 100 is connected to a branch of a direct-current pipeline at the outlet of the back pressure pump;
the air bag group comprises three air bags A, B and C, and the air bags are connected in parallel at the branch of the outlet direct current pipeline;
the air bag comprises manual stop valves 1, 2 and 3, pressure detection and inflation ports 4, 5 and 6, pressure capsules 7, 8 and 9 and steel cylinders 10, 11 and 12; the pressure capsule is arranged in the steel cylinder, the pressure detection and inflation port is arranged at one end of the steel cylinder, and the manual stop valve is arranged between the other end of the steel cylinder and a branch of an outlet direct current pipeline; wherein the pressure capsule of the air bag is filled with nitrogen with different pressures.
During the drilling operation stop cycle, the back pressure compensation system with the air bag set is matched with the automatic throttle manifold to establish the ground circulation, and the back pressure compensation system can adapt to wider throttle pressure so as to provide more stable pressure and flow compensation. The method is applied to the field of pressure-controlled drilling of petroleum and natural gas. At present, an air bag is arranged at the outlet of a return pressure compensation pump of a pressure control drilling well, the pre-charging pressure is generally 1MPa, the air bag is suitable for the throttling pressure of 3-4 MPa, the pressure and the flow are fluctuated when the pressure is slightly higher, the pipeline is seriously vibrated, great difficulty is caused for stable pressure control during the return pressure compensation period, and the equipment is strongly damaged by fatigue. The back pressure compensation value of the pressure control drilling technology is changed frequently, the pressure values of different wells are different, the pressure values of the same well under different working conditions are different, and the pressure control value is basically between 3 and 12 MPa. The pre-charging pressure of one air bag is certain, and the nitrogen charging mode is complicated, so that the wide throttle pressure range is difficult to adapt. In order to solve the problem, the invention designs an air bag group at the outlet of the back pressure pump, the pre-charging pressure of each air bag is different, and the inlet of each steel cylinder is controlled by a stop valve, so that one or more air bags can be freely selected to be combined for use according to the difference of the used throttling pressure, the buffering effect of the air bags is quickly adjusted to the optimal state, and the fluctuation of the pressure and the flow and the vibration of a pipeline during the back pressure compensation are reduced.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the system further comprises a pneumatic flat valve 200 disposed between the back pressure pump and the air bag set.
In this embodiment, the system further includes a pressure relief valve 300, which is disposed between the back pressure pump and the air bag set and connected in parallel with the pneumatic flat valve.
As one embodiment of the invention, the system further comprises an electric motor connected to the back pressure pump for powering the back pressure pump.
As an embodiment of the invention, the system further comprises a priming pump 400 arranged at the inlet of said back pressure pump.
In this embodiment, the system further includes a low pressure gauge 500 disposed between the priming pump and the back pressure pump.
In this embodiment, the system further comprises a flow meter 600 disposed between the low pressure gauge and the back pressure pump.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the system further includes a high pressure gauge 700 disposed between the back pressure pump and the air bag set.
The system further includes a one-way valve 800 and a manual plate valve 900 as an embodiment of the present invention.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the pressure of nitrogen gas filled in the pressure capsule of the air bag is 1MPa, 2MPa and 3MPa, respectively.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, three air bags with different pressures are arranged at the outlet of the back pressure pump, and during the period of stopping circulation, when the back pressure compensation system is matched with the throttle manifold to control the back pressure of the wellhead, one or more free combinations can be selected according to the throttle pressure, so that the buffering effect of the air bags is rapidly adjusted to the optimal state, and the fluctuation of the pressure and the flow and the vibration of a pipeline during the back pressure compensation are reduced. The air bag group is arranged at the branch of a direct-current pipeline at the outlet of the return pressure pump, so that the flow resistance of the drilling fluid in the main line is reduced as much as possible. Three air bags of the air bag group are placed in parallel, each air bag is provided with an independent control switch, and one air bag can be selected to work and can also be combined and used at will. The three air bag capsules have different inflation pressures, and different air bags can be selected to be combined under the condition of different throttling pressures. The air bag group is installed at the front end of the manual flat valve, and the manual flat valve is closed in the pressure test process of the back pressure pump outlet pipeline and the automatic throttle manifold at the rear end, so that the air bag can be prevented from bearing overhigh pressure. Each air bag is not provided with a pressure gauge, the inflation inlet is a one-way valve, and the one-way valve is opened when the pressure gauge is installed or the air bag is inflated. The cost is reduced and the detection workload is reduced.
In one embodiment of the invention, the air bag group in the system is mainly divided into four parts, namely three air bags with the same size and different pressures, three manual stop valves, three pressure detection and inflation ports with one-way valves and three steel cylinders with the same size.
The manual stop valves 1, 2 and 3 can respectively control the communicated state of the A, B, C air bag and the outlet of the return pressure pump, and the corresponding air bag is in an isolated state after the stop valves are closed and does not participate in work. The pressure detection and inflation ports 4, 5 and 6 can detect the pressure of the corresponding air bag and inflate the corresponding air bag. The air bags 7, 8 and 9 are filled with nitrogen with different pressures, can adapt to different throttling pressures, and are main elements of the buffering capacity of the air bag. The cylinders 11, 12, 13 primarily function to confine the expansion of the bladder, to protect the bladder, and to act as a reservoir for the storage and release of drilling fluid.
Specifically, the pressure capsule needs pre-charging pressure, which is as follows:
the basic formula:
PA0.VA0＝PA1.VA1
PA0: a initial pressure of the air bag (inflation);
PA1: throttle pressure when only the air bag is working;
VA0: a, initial air bag volume (inflation) of an air bag;
VA1: and A is the corresponding air bag volume when the air bag works.
A, B, C the three air bags are designed to be as large in volume;
VA0＝VB0＝VC0
the inflation pressure is respectively as follows:
PAO＝1MPa
PB0＝2MPa
PC0＝3MPa
the optimal inflation pressure of the air bags is 1/4-1/3, and 1 or more air bags are opened according to the requirement of the throttle pressure.
Namely:
(1) selecting an air bag with inflation pressure of 1MPa to work independently within the throttle pressure of 3-4 MPa;
(2) selecting an air bag inflated with 2MPa to work independently at the throttle pressure of 6-8 MPa;
(3) selecting an air bag inflated with 3MPa to work independently under the throttling pressure of 9-12 MPa;
(4) air bags with inflation pressures of 1MPa and 2MPa can be selected to work in parallel under the throttle pressure of 4-6 MPa;
(5) air bags with inflation pressures of 2MPa and 3MPa can be selected to work in parallel under the throttle pressure of 8-9 MPa.
Specifically, as shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
The air bag pressure control device is characterized in that three air bags with different pressures are installed in parallel, each air bag is provided with an independent control switch, and the air bags can be selected at will and matched at will; meanwhile, the control precision of the wellhead pressure in the pressure control tripping and single joint connecting processes is increased, so that the drilling construction of a narrow density window is safer, and the fatigue damage of equipment caused by vibration is reduced; and the frequent work of charging and discharging the air bag by field personnel in order to adapt the buffering capacity of the air bag to the throttling pressure is avoided. The workload of field personnel, the cost of using nitrogen and the waste of energy are reduced.
The invention is improved on the problem that the air bag is narrow in pressure range suitable for the back pressure pump, has good effect, simple structure and convenient operation, can be matched at will, can quickly adjust the buffering capacity, and meets the requirements of field operation.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A controlled pressure drilling back pressure compensation system, the system comprising: the air bag group is connected to a branch of a direct-current pipeline at the outlet of the back pressure pump;
the air bag group comprises three air bags, and the air bags are connected to the branch of the outlet direct current pipeline in parallel;
the air bag comprises a manual stop valve, a pressure detection and inflation port, a pressure capsule and a steel cylinder; the pressure capsule is arranged in the steel cylinder, the pressure detection and inflation port is arranged at one end of the steel cylinder, and the manual stop valve is arranged between the other end of the steel cylinder and a branch of an outlet direct current pipeline; wherein the pressure capsule of the air bag is filled with nitrogen with different pressures.
2. The system of claim 1, further comprising a pneumatic flat valve disposed between the back pressure pump and the air bag set.
3. The system of claim 2, further comprising a pressure relief valve disposed between the back pressure pump and the air bag bank in parallel connection with the pneumatic plate valve.
4. The system of claim 1, further comprising an electric motor coupled to the back-pressure pump for powering the back-pressure pump.
5. The system of claim 1, further comprising a priming pump disposed at an inlet of the back pressure pump.
6. The system of claim 5, further comprising a low pressure gauge disposed between the priming pump and the back pressure pump.
7. The system of claim 6, further comprising a flow meter disposed between the low pressure gauge and the back pressure pump.
8. The system of claim 1, further comprising a high pressure gauge disposed between the back pressure pump and the air bag set.
9. The system of claim 1, further comprising a one-way valve and a manual plate valve.
10. The system of claim 1, wherein the pressure capsules of the air bag are filled with nitrogen at 1MPa, 2MPa, and 3MPa, respectively.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910476375.8A CN112031684B (en) | 2019-06-03 | 2019-06-03 | Controlled pressure drilling back pressure compensation system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910476375.8A CN112031684B (en) | 2019-06-03 | 2019-06-03 | Controlled pressure drilling back pressure compensation system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112031684A true CN112031684A (en) | 2020-12-04 |
| CN112031684B CN112031684B (en) | 2023-02-10 |
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| CN201910476375.8A Active CN112031684B (en) | 2019-06-03 | 2019-06-03 | Controlled pressure drilling back pressure compensation system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114622847A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2022-06-14 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Job method, job system, medium, and apparatus for establishing a secure density window |
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2019
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114622847A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2022-06-14 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Job method, job system, medium, and apparatus for establishing a secure density window |
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Effective date of registration: 20221221 Address after: 100007 No. 9 North Main Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, Dongzhimen Applicant after: CHINA NATIONAL PETROLEUM Corp. Applicant after: CNPC ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY R & D Co.,Ltd. Applicant after: BEIJING PETROLEUM MACHINERY Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100007 No. 9 North Main Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, Dongzhimen Applicant before: CHINA NATIONAL PETROLEUM Corp. Applicant before: CNPC ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY R & D Co.,Ltd. |
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