CN112028423A - Method for treating river and lake substrate sediment floating - Google Patents
Method for treating river and lake substrate sediment floating Download PDFInfo
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- CN112028423A CN112028423A CN202010914327.5A CN202010914327A CN112028423A CN 112028423 A CN112028423 A CN 112028423A CN 202010914327 A CN202010914327 A CN 202010914327A CN 112028423 A CN112028423 A CN 112028423A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/008—Sludge treatment by fixation or solidification
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/06—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by oxidation
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
- E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
- E02B15/10—Devices for removing the material from the surface
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for treating substrate sludge floating of rivers and lakes, which comprises the steps of selecting an engineering area, namely a river channel with the length of 50 meters and the width of 20 meters, the water depth of 1.5 meters, the water area of m2, and the following steps S1: adopting a physical fishing method, S2: by chemical oxidation, S3: using biodegradation, S4: the submerged plant method is adopted to carry out targeted substrate improvement design, and the adopted physical salvage method, chemical oxidation method and biodegradation method belong to environment-friendly measures, are simple to operate and quick in effect, do not have destructiveness on aquatic animals and plants, repair damaged substrates, improve substrate permeability, promote degradation of organic matters such as substrate animal and plant residues and the like, increase dissolved oxygen in water, and eliminate the phenomena of substrate blackening, stinking and the like; improving water quality, promoting water body virtuous cycle, enhancing water body self-cleaning capability, improving transparency, and repairing water body environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ecological restoration of river and lake water, in particular to a method for treating floating of bottom mud on a river and lake substrate.
Background
After the ecological restoration project of the river and lake water is completed, the transparency is improved, the water body is clear and sees the bottom, the sunlight directly irradiates the bottom mud, the nutritive salt of the bottom is sufficient, and the nitrogen source is contained in the bottom mud, so that the floating of the bottom mud of the substrate is often generated, and the floating mud pieces are formed.
The substrate floating mud sheet is divided into two types: (1) dark green mud floating pieces: the hand feeling is greasy, the dispersion is difficult, the hand twisting and grinding can be stained in the palm to form grease, the color is dark green, and filamentous algae can be contained in the grease. The floating mud sheet is formed by floating some large floating algae or moss on water after dying and accumulating in the leeward along with wind; (2) dark gray or dark brown mud flakes: the hand feeling is rough, the mud can be broken after twisting, the mud is floated on the water surface in a block shape or a sheet shape, a great amount of foam is arranged on the mud skin, and the color is gray black or dark brown. The water quality is turbid, a large amount of foam is generated at the lower air inlet when wind waves exist, and the ammonia nitrogen in the water is higher. The floating mud sheet is formed by that a large amount of algae die after sinking to the bottom or algae in the substrate die, a large amount of methane bubbles are formed under the anoxic condition, and as the bubbles gradually increase, a substrate algae plate is torn to float on the water surface.
The floating mud tablets are mainly generated because lime or bleaching powder is scattered in a substrate improvement measure of ecological restoration in a dry mode, substrate diatoms are easy to grow, and a large amount of calcium is needed for breeding diatoms; sediment particles in the water body, plankton such as algae, animals and remains of metabolic death of microorganisms are deposited at the bottom of the substrate and combined with the algae, the plankton, bacteria and the like at the bottom to form a mud floating sheet; as a plurality of organic matters are adhered to the surface of the floating mud, the floating mud is easy to enrich and generate bubbles. When the amount of bubbles formed is sufficient, the increased buoyancy is greater than the gravity of the sludge and the mutual adhesion between the sludge, and the sludge floats up into sludge sheets. Especially, the bubbles formed in the noon and afternoon of a fine day float much outside the grid. After the substrate algae die, anaerobic fermentation is carried out on the substrate algae and other organic matters, the generated gas jacks up the organic debris on the bottom layer, and the phenomenon of floating of bottom mud occurs.
The harm of the floating mud to the water body is as follows: the floating mud pieces float on the water surface, which is not beneficial to the photosynthesis of aquatic plants and reduces the dissolved oxygen of the water body; the mass propagation of the substrate algae and the decomposition of the mud skin increase the substrate biological oxygen consumption and reduce the dissolved oxygen; leading to blackening and smelling of the bottom mud, increasing the contents of ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and hydrogen sulfide and deteriorating the water quality; dead algae and soil clay are good culture media for pathogenic bacteria such as vibrios and are easy to cause breeding of a large number of pathogenic bacteria such as the vibrios, the conventional main treatment method is salvage, but the salvage method is not a temporary solution, and the treatment method can repeatedly occur when the temperature rises, so that the method for treating the floating of the river and lake substrate sediment is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to provide a method for treating the floating of the bottom mud of the river or lake bed, which aims at improving and designing the bed, adopts a physical salvage method, a chemical oxidation method and a biodegradation method which belong to environment-friendly measures, is simple to operate, has quick response, does not have destructiveness to aquatic animals and plants, repairs the damaged bed, improves the permeability of the bed, promotes the degradation of organic matters such as the residues of the bed animals and plants, increases the dissolved oxygen in water, and eliminates the phenomena of blackening and smelling of the bed; improving water quality, promoting water body virtuous cycle, enhancing water body self-cleaning capability, improving transparency, and repairing water body environment.
To solve the above technical problem, according to an aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a treatment method for floating bottom mud on a river or lake substrate comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of selecting an engineering area river channel with the length of 50 meters and the width of 20 meters, the water depth of 1.5 meters and the water area of m2, and adopting the following processes:
s1, adopting a physical salvage method, and the concrete process is as follows;
a1: directly fishing the area with smaller area by using a fishing net;
a2: for areas with large areas, the mud skins on the water surface are more and scattered, firstly, a rope belt (a filter screen with the width of 20cm and the width of 100 meshes is hung under a hemp rope with the thickness of 50 mm) is used for slightly pulling the floating mud pieces to one corner, and then, the floating mud pieces are fished by a fishing net;
s2, adopting a chemical oxidation method, adopting potassium hydrogen persulfate composite salt oxidant to directly splash in the water body, forming a high oxidation state on the substrate after entering the substrate, accelerating the oxidative decomposition of substrate metabolic waste, and reacting with harmful substances in the substrate sludge, such as sulfide, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and the like to generate harmless substances which are easily absorbed and utilized by organisms; the microecological structure of the substrate is improved, the low oxygen and reduction states of the substrate are improved through the adjustment of oxidation-reduction potential, the dissolved oxygen of the substrate is increased, and a good living environment is improved for subsequent microorganisms;
s3: the biological degradation method is adopted, the biological agent is firstly soaked in water to activate microorganisms, then the biological agent is sprinkled to a water body (20-25g/m2), the sprinkling is carried out again after one week, the dosage is reduced by half, floating mud pieces which do not float are treated, organic matters at the bottom of the substrate are thoroughly oxidized, anaerobic decomposition gas generation is prevented to drive the floating mud to float, meanwhile, the floating mud on the surface layer of the bottom is subjected to oxidative decomposition, and the mixed biological agent prepared from biological bacteria powder and an additive is adopted as the biological bacteria powder, wherein the biological bacteria powder simultaneously contains bacteria of three types of bacillus, saccharomycetes and lactobacillus, and one or more of the bacteria is selected to prepare the bacteria powder;
s4: the submerged plant method is adopted, and comprises the following specific steps:
b1: selecting short-growing Dendropanax spinosa, and planting submerged plants in shallow water by artificial cuttage;
b2: the deeper region adopts the mode of tying up the stone and throwing and plants, and after submerged plant pricks the root and survives, the root can play certain fixed action to the basement, controls the bed mud come-up to a certain extent.
As a preferable scheme of the method for treating the substrate sludge floating up of the river and lake, the fishing net specification in the step S1 is 150-200 meshes.
As a preferable scheme of the method for treating the substrate sludge floating up of the river and lake, the specification of the potassium bisulfate composite salt oxidant in the step S2 is 10-20g/m 2.
As a preferable scheme of the method for treating the river and lake substrate sediment floating, in the step S3, the biological agent is a mixed biological agent prepared from biological agent powder and an additive, wherein the biological agent powder is prepared from bacterial powder simultaneously containing three strains of bacillus, saccharomycetes and lactic acid bacteria, and each strain is prepared from one or more of the strains, wherein the bacillus is mainly selected from but not limited to bacillus marjoram, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus laterosporus and the like; the yeast is mainly selected from but not limited to Saccharomyces cerevisiae; lactic acid bacteria are mainly used but not limited to pediococcus acidilactici, lactobacillus plantarum, etc.
As a preferable scheme of the method for treating the river and lake substrate sediment floating, in the process of S3, the biological agent is firstly soaked in water for 4-6 hours and sprinkled to 2 g/m of water with the water body volume of 20-25g/m, the mass fraction of the biological bacteria powder is 70% -80%, the mass fraction of the additive is 20% -30%, the mass fraction of the bacillus is 40% -50%, the mass fraction of the yeast is 25% -30%, and the mass fraction of the lactic acid bacteria is 20% -35%.
As a preferable scheme of the method for treating the river and lake substrate sediment floating, bacillus subtilis, saccharomyces cerevisiae and lactobacillus plantarum mixed bacterial powder is added in the S3 process, and the mass ratio of the bacillus subtilis, the saccharomyces cerevisiae and the lactobacillus plantarum mixed bacterial powder is as follows: 4:2.5:3.5, the dosage is 20g/m 2.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the method has the advantages that the substrate improvement design is pertinently carried out, the adopted physical salvage method, the chemical oxidation method and the biodegradation method belong to environment-friendly measures, the operation is simple, the effect is quick, the aquatic animals and plants are not destructive, the damaged substrate is repaired, the substrate permeability is improved, the degradation of organic matters such as substrate animal and plant residues is promoted, the dissolved oxygen of the water body is increased, and the phenomena of substrate blackening, stinking and the like are eliminated; improving water quality, promoting water body virtuous cycle, enhancing water body self-cleaning capability, improving transparency, and repairing water body environment.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed embodiments, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for treating the floating of the bottom mud of the river or lake substrate.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the present invention may be practiced without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, wherein for convenience of illustration, the cross-sectional view of the device structure is not enlarged partially according to the general scale, and the drawings are only examples, which should not limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included in the actual fabrication.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a method for treating river and lake substrate sediment floating, which aims to improve and design a substrate, adopts a physical salvage method, a chemical oxidation method and a biodegradation method which belong to environment-friendly measures, is simple to operate, has quick response, does not have destructiveness to aquatic animals and plants, repairs a damaged substrate, improves the permeability of the substrate, promotes the degradation of organic matters such as substrate animal and plant residues and the like, increases the dissolved oxygen of a water body, and eliminates the phenomena of substrate blackening, stinking and the like; improving water quality, promoting water body virtuous cycle, enhancing water body self-cleaning capability, improving transparency, and repairing water body environment.
Fig. 1 is a general flowchart illustrating an embodiment of a method for treating substrate sludge floating of a river or a lake according to the present invention, and referring to fig. 1, a main body of the method for treating substrate sludge floating of a river or a lake according to the present embodiment includes steps S1, S2, S3 and S4, which are specifically used as follows;
the implementation method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of selecting an engineering area river channel with the length of 50 meters and the width of 20 meters, the water depth of 1.5 meters and the water area of m2, and adopting the following processes:
s1, adopting a physical salvage method, directly using a salvage net with the specification of 150 to salvage the area with a small area, using a rope belt (a 20cm wide 100-mesh filter screen is hung under a hemp rope with the thickness of 50 mm) to slightly pull the floating mud pieces to one corner for the area with a large area and then using the salvage net to salvage the area with the large area, wherein the mud skin on the water surface is more and scattered.
S2, adopting a chemical oxidation method, adopting a potassium hydrogen persulfate composite salt oxidant with the capacity of 10g/m2 to directly splash in a water body, forming a high oxidation state on a substrate after entering the substrate, accelerating the oxidative decomposition of substrate metabolic waste, and reacting with harmful substances such as sulfide, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and the like in substrate sludge to generate harmless substances which are easily absorbed and utilized by organisms; the micro-ecological structure of the substrate is improved, the low oxygen and reduction state of the substrate is improved through the adjustment of oxidation-reduction potential, the dissolved oxygen of the substrate is increased, and a good living environment is improved for subsequent microorganisms.
S3: by adopting a biodegradation method, the biological bactericide is firstly soaked in water for 4 hours to activate microorganisms, then the biological bactericide with the capacity of 20g/m2 is splashed to a water body, the mass fraction of the biological powder is 70 percent, the mass fraction of the additive is 20 percent, the mass fraction of the bacillus is 40 percent, the mass fraction of the yeast is 25 percent, the mass fraction of the lactic acid bacteria is 20 percent, the throwing masses of bacillus subtilis, saccharomyces cerevisiae, lactobacillus plantarum, mixed bacterial powder and organic acid are respectively 640g, 400g, 560g, 1600g and 400g, the mass proportion of the bacillus subtilis, the saccharomyces cerevisiae and the lactobacillus plantarum thrown into the water body is 4:2.5:3.5, the splashing is carried out again after one week, the dosage is halved, the non-floating sludge pieces are treated, organic matters at the bottom of the substrate are thoroughly oxidized, the anaerobic decomposition is prevented from driving the sludge to float upwards, and the sludge on the surface layer of the bottom is oxidized and decomposed, the mixed biological agent is prepared from biological bacteria powder and an additive, wherein the biological bacteria powder adopts bacteria powder simultaneously containing three strains of bacillus, saccharomycetes and lactic acid bacteria, and one or more of the strains are selected to prepare the bacteria powder.
S4: adopt the submerged plant method, choose short living secret thorn tape grass for use, to the less water, adopt artifical cuttage to carry out submerged plant and plant, the mode of tying up stone and jettisoninging is adopted to plant in the deep region, and after the submerged plant pricks the root and survives, the root can play certain fixed action to the basement, controls the bed mud come-up to a certain extent.
The second embodiment is as follows:
the method comprises the following steps of selecting an engineering area river channel with the length of 50 meters and the width of 20 meters, the water depth of 1.5 meters and the water area of m2, and adopting the following processes:
s1, adopting a physical salvage method, directly using a salvage net with the specification of 180 to salvage the area with a small area, using a rope belt (a 20cm wide 100-mesh filter screen is hung under a hemp rope with the thickness of 50 mm) to slightly pull the floating mud pieces to one corner for the area with a large area and then using the salvage net to salvage the area with the large area, wherein the mud skin on the water surface is more and scattered.
S2, adopting a chemical oxidation method, adopting a potassium hydrogen persulfate composite salt oxidant with the capacity of 15g/m2 to directly splash in a water body, forming a high oxidation state on a substrate after entering the substrate, accelerating the oxidative decomposition of substrate metabolic waste, and reacting with harmful substances such as sulfide, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and the like in substrate sludge to generate harmless substances which are easily absorbed and utilized by organisms; the micro-ecological structure of the substrate is improved, the low oxygen and reduction state of the substrate is improved through the adjustment of oxidation-reduction potential, the dissolved oxygen of the substrate is increased, and a good living environment is improved for subsequent microorganisms.
S3: by adopting a biodegradation method, the biological bactericide is firstly soaked in water for 5 hours to activate microorganisms, then the biological bactericide with the capacity of 23g/m2 is splashed to a water body, the mass fraction of the biological powder is 75 percent, the mass fraction of the additive is 25 percent, the mass fraction of the bacillus is 45 percent, the mass fraction of the yeast is 27 percent, the mass fraction of the lactic acid bacteria is 30 percent, the throwing masses of bacillus subtilis, saccharomyces cerevisiae, lactobacillus plantarum, mixed bacterial powder and organic acid are respectively 320g, 200g, 280g, 800g and 200g, the mass proportion of the bacillus subtilis, the saccharomyces cerevisiae and the lactobacillus plantarum thrown in the water body is 4:2.5:3.5, the splashing is carried out again after one week, the dosage is halved, the non-floating sludge pieces are treated, organic matters at the bottom of the substrate are thoroughly oxidized, the anaerobic decomposition is prevented from driving the sludge to float upwards, and the sludge on the surface layer of the bottom is oxidized and decomposed, the mixed biological agent is prepared from biological bacteria powder and an additive, wherein the biological bacteria powder adopts bacteria powder simultaneously containing three strains of bacillus, saccharomycetes and lactic acid bacteria, and one or more of the strains are selected to prepare the bacteria powder.
S4: adopt the submerged plant method, choose short living secret thorn tape grass for use, to the less water, adopt artifical cuttage to carry out submerged plant and plant, the mode of tying up stone and jettisoninging is adopted to plant in the deep region, and after the submerged plant pricks the root and survives, the root can play certain fixed action to the basement, controls the bed mud come-up to a certain extent.
The third implementation:
the method comprises the following steps of selecting an engineering area river channel with the length of 50 meters and the width of 20 meters, the water depth of 1.5 meters and the water area of m2, and adopting the following processes:
s1, adopting a physical salvage method, directly using a 200-specification salvage net to salvage an area with a small area, using a rope belt (a 20cm wide 100-mesh filter screen is hung under a hemp rope with the thickness of 50 mm) to slightly pull a floating mud slice to a corner for a region with a large area, and then using the salvage net to salvage.
S2, adopting a chemical oxidation method, adopting a potassium hydrogen persulfate composite salt oxidant with the capacity of 20g/m2 to directly splash in a water body, forming a high oxidation state on a substrate after entering the substrate, accelerating the oxidative decomposition of substrate metabolic waste, and reacting with harmful substances such as sulfide, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and the like in substrate sludge to generate harmless substances which are easily absorbed and utilized by organisms; the micro-ecological structure of the substrate is improved, the low oxygen and reduction state of the substrate is improved through the adjustment of oxidation-reduction potential, the dissolved oxygen of the substrate is increased, and a good living environment is improved for subsequent microorganisms.
S3: by adopting a biodegradation method, the biological bactericide is firstly soaked in water for 6 hours to activate microorganisms, then the biological bactericide with the capacity of 25g/m2 is splashed to a water body, the mass fraction of the biological powder is 80%, the mass fraction of the additive is 30%, the mass fraction of the bacillus is 50%, the mass fraction of the yeast is 30%, the mass fraction of the lactic acid bacteria is 35%, the throwing masses of bacillus subtilis, saccharomyces cerevisiae, lactobacillus plantarum, mixed bacterial powder and organic acid are respectively 160g, 100g, 140g, 400g and 100g, the mass proportion of the bacillus subtilis, the saccharomyces cerevisiae and the lactobacillus plantarum thrown in the water body is 4:2.5:3.5, the splashing is carried out again after one week, the dosage is halved, the non-floating sludge pieces are treated, organic matters at the bottom of the substrate are thoroughly oxidized, the anaerobic decomposition is prevented from driving the sludge to float upwards, and the sludge on the surface layer of the bottom is oxidized and decomposed, the mixed biological agent is prepared from biological bacteria powder and an additive, wherein the biological bacteria powder adopts bacteria powder simultaneously containing three strains of bacillus, saccharomycetes and lactic acid bacteria, and one or more of the strains are selected to prepare the bacteria powder.
S4: adopt the submerged plant method, choose short living secret thorn tape grass for use, to the less water, adopt artifical cuttage to carry out submerged plant and plant, the mode of tying up stone and jettisoninging is adopted to plant in the deep region, and after the submerged plant pricks the root and survives, the root can play certain fixed action to the basement, controls the bed mud come-up to a certain extent.
The formula and dosage of the biological agents in the first two times of the method are as follows:
the change in substrate properties before and after treatment in the above examples are given in the following table:
compared with the prior art, the floating sludge sheets are not present on the water surface of the water area treated by the treatment method, and the concentration of the nutritive salt of the substrate is reduced, wherein the removal rate of the total nitrogen in the substrate sludge reaches 53%, the removal rate of the organic matters reaches 63%, the removal rate of the sulfate reaches 95%, and the effect is better.
While the invention has been described above with reference to an embodiment, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the various features of the disclosed embodiments of the invention may be used in any combination, provided that no structural conflict exists, and the combinations are not exhaustively described in this specification merely for the sake of brevity and resource conservation. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A treatment method for floating bottom mud on a river or lake substrate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of selecting an engineering area river channel with the length of 50 meters and the width of 20 meters, the water depth of 1.5 meters and the water area of m2, and adopting the following processes:
s1, adopting a physical salvage method, and the concrete process is as follows;
a1: directly fishing the area with smaller area by using a fishing net;
a2: for areas with large areas, the mud skins on the water surface are more and scattered, firstly, a rope belt (a filter screen with the width of 20cm and the width of 100 meshes is hung under a hemp rope with the thickness of 50 mm) is used for slightly pulling the floating mud pieces to one corner, and then, the floating mud pieces are fished by a fishing net;
s2, adopting a chemical oxidation method, adopting potassium hydrogen persulfate composite salt oxidant to directly splash in the water body, forming a high oxidation state on the substrate after entering the substrate, accelerating the oxidative decomposition of substrate metabolic waste, and reacting with harmful substances in the substrate sludge, such as sulfide, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and the like to generate harmless substances which are easily absorbed and utilized by organisms; the microecological structure of the substrate is improved, the low oxygen and reduction states of the substrate are improved through the adjustment of oxidation-reduction potential, the dissolved oxygen of the substrate is increased, and a good living environment is improved for subsequent microorganisms;
s3: the biological degradation method is adopted, the biological agent is soaked in water firstly, microorganisms are activated, then the biological agent is sprinkled to a water body, the sprinkling is carried out again after one week, the dosage is reduced by half, floating mud pieces which do not float are treated, organic matters at the bottom of a substrate are thoroughly oxidized, anaerobic decomposition is prevented from generating gas to drive the floating mud to float, meanwhile, the floating mud on the surface layer of the bottom is subjected to oxidative decomposition, and the mixed biological agent is prepared from biological bacteria powder and an additive, wherein the biological bacteria powder adopts bacteria powder simultaneously containing bacillus, saccharomycetes and lactic acid bacteria, and each type of bacteria is prepared from one or more of the bacteria powder;
s4: the submerged plant method is adopted, and comprises the following specific steps:
b1: selecting short-growing Dendropanax spinosa, and planting submerged plants in shallow water by artificial cuttage;
b2: the deeper region adopts the mode of tying up the stone and throwing and plants, and after submerged plant pricks the root and survives, the root can play certain fixed action to the basement, controls the bed mud come-up to a certain extent.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fishing net in step S1 is 150-200 mesh.
3. The method for treating the floating of the substrate sludge of the river or lake according to claim 1, wherein the oxidizing agent of potassium bisulfate complex salts in the step S2 has a specification of 10-20g/m 2.
4. The method for treating the substrate sludge floating up in the river and lake according to claim 1, wherein the biological agent in the step S3 is a mixed biological agent prepared from biological agent powder and an additive, wherein the biological agent powder is prepared from bacterial powder simultaneously containing three types of strains of bacillus, yeast and lactobacillus, each type of strain is selected from one or more of the strains to be prepared into bacterial powder, and the bacillus is mainly selected from but not limited to bacillus marjoram, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus laterosporus and the like; the yeast is mainly selected from but not limited to Saccharomyces cerevisiae; lactic acid bacteria are mainly used but not limited to pediococcus acidilactici, lactobacillus plantarum, etc.
5. The method for treating the substrate sludge floating up of the rivers and lakes according to claim 1, wherein in the S3 process, the biological agent is soaked in water for 4-6 hours, the capacity is 20-25g/m2, the mass fraction of the biological agent powder is 70% -80%, the mass fraction of the additive is 20% -30%, the mass fraction of bacillus is 40% -50%, the mass fraction of yeast is 25% -30%, and the mass fraction of lactic acid bacteria is 20% -35%.
6. The method for treating the river and lake substrate sediment floating, according to claim 1, is characterized in that in the S3 process, mixed bacterial powder of bacillus subtilis, saccharomyces cerevisiae and lactobacillus plantarum is added, and the mass ratio of the mixed bacterial powder is as follows: 4:2.5:3.5.
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