CN112024627A - Superhard micropore wire drawing die embedded with steel sleeve and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Superhard micropore wire drawing die embedded with steel sleeve and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112024627A CN112024627A CN202010845320.2A CN202010845320A CN112024627A CN 112024627 A CN112024627 A CN 112024627A CN 202010845320 A CN202010845320 A CN 202010845320A CN 112024627 A CN112024627 A CN 112024627A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C3/00—Profiling tools for metal drawing; Combinations of dies and mandrels
- B21C3/02—Dies; Selection of material therefor; Cleaning thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C1/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
- B21C1/02—Drawing metal wire or like flexible metallic material by drawing machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by drums
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C3/00—Profiling tools for metal drawing; Combinations of dies and mandrels
- B21C3/18—Making tools by operations not covered by a single other subclass; Repairing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/1017—Multiple heating or additional steps
- B22F3/1021—Removal of binder or filler
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F5/10—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
- C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
- C22C29/067—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds comprising a particular metallic binder
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
- C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
- C22C29/08—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds based on tungsten carbide
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Abstract
The invention relates to a superhard micropore wire drawing die embedded with a steel sleeve, which comprises the steel sleeve and a die core, wherein a steel sleeve inner hole is arranged in the steel sleeve, the die core is sleeved in the steel sleeve inner hole, a die core inlet area and a die core lubricating area are combined to form a horn shape, the arc size of the die core inlet area is R4, the arc size of the die core lubricating area is R3, a die core working area is inverted cone-shaped, the angle is 7 degrees respectively, the height is 4 times of the diameter of a die core sizing area, the die core sizing area is cylindrical, the height is 20 percent of the diameter of the die core sizing area, the safety angle is cone-shaped, the angle is 20 degrees, the height is 2 percent of the diameter of the die core sizing area, the die core outlet area is cone-shaped. Compared with the traditional wire drawing die, the superhard microporous wire drawing die embedded with the steel sleeve has the advantages of feasibility, high strength, low cost, high surface smoothness, good hot stamping resistance, good toughness, low processing difficulty, high hardness, high density, more uniform grain size and Ra0.1 surface roughness.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wire drawing dies, in particular to a superhard microporous wire drawing die embedded with a steel sleeve and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
In modern industry, a plurality of places need to use fine metal wires, and the existing metal wires are generally manufactured by drawing through a micropore wire drawing die; the wire drawing die is a very important consumable die in the drawing production process of metal product enterprises. The wire-drawing die has wide application range, is mainly used for drawing linear objects which are difficult to process, such as bars, wires, pipes and the like, and is suitable for drawing processing of metals and alloy materials, such as steel, copper, tungsten, molybdenum and the like.
But the existing wire drawing die has the following defects: 1. the wire drawing die made of natural diamond draws high-carbon steel wires, but has no feasibility, the natural diamond has large brittleness, difficult processing and high cost, and scratches can be generated on the surface of a steel cord in the using process, so that certain risk can be caused to the safety of automobile tires; 2. the polycrystalline wire drawing die has large grains, is difficult to polish, and has poor surface finish of drawn filaments and imperfect hole patterns; 3. the ceramic wire drawing die has poor hot stamping pressure resistance and toughness, is difficult to process and cannot be applied in a large range; 4. The requirements of metal wires are higher and higher, the current common hard alloy micropore wire drawing die can not meet the market requirements, and especially for metal wires with the inner hole diameter smaller than 0.3mm, the conditions of wire breakage, easy die running and easy deformation of a hole pattern often occur in use; 5. the production materials of the hard alloy micropore wire drawing die circulated in the market are generally conventional grades, the wire drawing die manufactured by the conventional grades is low in cost, and the defects caused by the production materials are low hardness and density, unstable material, non-wear resistance, unreasonable hole pattern design and low concentricity; 6. the working area of the mold core is short, the effective use area in the hole is small, the friction force is increased, the abrasion is aggravated, raw materials are wasted, and the cost input is increased; 7. the inlet area of the mold core is small, so that the contact area between the wire and the inner hole is increased, the friction force is increased, the introduction of a lubricant is hindered, the lubricating effect in the wire drawing process is poor, and the service life of the mold is seriously influenced; 8. the compression angle of the working area of the mold core is not standard, the angle of the compression area is too large, the deformation speed of the metal wire is accelerated in the drawing process, and the too small compression angle can cause the wire drawing die to generate a large amount of heat, scorch lubricating powder and seriously affect the drawing effect of the metal wire.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to improve and innovate the defects and problems existing in the background technology, and provides a superhard microporous wire drawing die embedded with a steel sleeve and a manufacturing method thereof, which are used for solving the problems of large brittleness, difficult processing and high cost of a diamond wire drawing die; the surface smoothness of the drawn filaments of the polycrystalline wire drawing die is poor and the hole pattern is imperfect; the ceramic wire drawing die has poor hot stamping pressure resistance and toughness, is difficult to process and cannot be applied in a large range; the common hard alloy micropore wire drawing die often has the conditions of broken metal wire, easy die running and easy deformation of the hole pattern; the hard alloy micropore wire drawing die circulating in the market has low hardness and density, unstable material, no abrasion resistance, unreasonable hole pattern design and low concentricity; the inlet area of the wire drawing die is small, the friction force is large, and the introduction of a lubricant is prevented; the working area of the wire drawing die is short, the effective use area in the hole is small, the friction force is large, the abrasion is large, raw materials are wasted, and the cost input is increased; the compression angle of the working area of the wire drawing die is not standard, the angle of the compression area is too large, and the deformation speed of the metal wire is too high in the drawing process; the compression angle is too small, the heat is too large, the lubricating powder is burnt, and the drawing effect of the metal wire is influenced.
The technical scheme includes that the superhard micropore wire drawing die with the embedded steel jacket comprises a steel jacket and a die core, wherein a steel jacket inner hole is formed in the steel jacket, the die core is sleeved in the steel jacket inner hole, the internal structure of the die core is sequentially divided into a die core inlet area, a die core lubricating area, a die core working area, a die core sizing area, a die core safety angle and a die core outlet area according to working properties, the die core inlet area and the die core lubricating area are combined to form a horn shape, the arc size of the die core inlet area is R4-R8, the arc size of the die core lubricating area is R3-R6, the die core working area is in an inverted cone shape, the angles are 7-13 degrees respectively, the height is 2.5-7 times of the diameter of the die core sizing area, the die core sizing area is cylindrical, the height is 20-40% of the diameter of the die core sizing area, the die core safety angle is conical, the angle is, the height of the die core is 2-10% of the height of the die core sizing area, the die core outlet area is conical, the height of the die core outlet area is 15-25% of the total height of the die core, and the angle of the die core outlet area is 30-120 degrees.
Preferably, the internal structure of the steel sleeve is sequentially divided into a steel sleeve inlet area, a steel sleeve inner hole and a steel sleeve outlet area according to working properties, and the steel sleeve outlet area and the mold core outlet area are combined to form a cone.
Preferably, the concentricity of the center of the die core sizing area and the center of the steel sleeve is within 0.003mm, and the diameter of the die core sizing area is 0.04 mm-1.0 mm.
Preferably, the outer diameter of the steel sleeve is phi 27 mm-phi 31mm, the height is 14 mm-22 mm, and the steel sleeve is tightly connected with the mold core through hot insert interference.
Preferably, a mold core guide angle is arranged at the bottom of the mold core and is 12-45 degrees.
Preferably, the outer diameter of the mold core is 5mm to 12.8mm, and the height is 4.0mm to 10.0 mm.
The invention also provides a manufacturing method of the superhard microporous wire drawing die embedded with the steel sleeve, which comprises the processes of die core manufacturing, steel sleeve manufacturing and bushing embedding, wherein the die core manufacturing steps are as follows:
step 1: batching, wherein tungsten carbide is used as a main material, a proper amount of cobalt, vanadium carbide, chromium carbide, tantalum carbide, metal rhenium, alcohol and paraffin are added, ball milling is carried out for 72-96 hours, and then the mixture is put into a drying furnace for spray granulation, wherein the weight percentages of the tungsten carbide, the cobalt, the vanadium carbide, the chromium carbide, the tantalum carbide, the metal rhenium and the paraffin are 93-98 percent, 2-7 percent, 0.2-0.8 percent, 0.1-0.4 percent and 2 percent, and the alcohol is added according to the liquid-solid ratio of 0.3L/kg-0.6L/kg;
step 2: performing press forming, namely assembling the manufactured forming die, wherein the die consists of an upper die, a middle die and a lower die, assembling the die into a die frame of a full-automatic bidirectional press, debugging the die frame and performing press production on the micropore wire drawing die core;
and step 3: dewaxing and presintering, namely loading the die core blank formed by pressing into a high-temperature resistant boat, putting the boat into a dewaxing and presintering furnace, performing hydrogen dewaxing and presintering, finally controlling the hydrogen dewaxing temperature at 450 ℃, preserving the temperature for 60 minutes, and then performing vacuum presintering; heating to 850 ℃, preserving heat for 50 minutes, and finally blowing out and cooling;
and 4, step 4: half adding, trimming burrs and improving hole pattern degree of a mold core sizing area and a mold core outlet area, and selecting a double-edge cutter with an angle of 30-120 degrees for the trimmed cutter;
and 5: sintering in an overpressure furnace, namely, loading the semi-finished product mold core after semi-adding by using a high-temperature resistant boat, putting the semi-finished product mold core into a 10Mpa pressure sintering furnace for vacuum overpressure high-temperature sintering, controlling the final temperature to 1400 ℃, pressurizing at 10Mpa for 120 minutes, stopping the furnace, cooling, and unloading the furnace to obtain the mold core;
step 6: performing core quality inspection, namely performing metallographic detection and size profile detection on the sintered core 9 through a physical and high-definition electron microscope, and performing next-step sleeve embedding work on the qualified core;
the steel bushing manufacturing steps are as follows:
step 1: firstly, cutting an inner hole of a steel sleeve;
step 2: then cutting the outer diameter of the steel sleeve;
and step 3: then carrying out plane cutting;
the bushing process comprises the following steps:
step 1: firstly, heating the steel sleeve to 460-480 ℃;
step 2: then clamping the mold core in the inlet area of the steel sleeve;
and step 3: then, the die core is punched into the steel sleeve, and the die core is punched and sealed;
and 4, step 4: and then the mold core embedded with the steel sleeve is placed in a cooling disc for cooling until the temperature of the mold core embedded with the steel sleeve is consistent with the indoor constant temperature, and then the superhard microporous wire drawing mold embedded with the steel sleeve can be obtained.
Preferably, the tungsten carbide used in the manufacture of the mold core is 0.10-0.6 μmWC.
Preferably, when the edge of the mold core is sealed in the sleeve inlaying process, the size of a single edge is 0.4-0.8 mm.
Preferably, the steel jacket is made of medium carbon steel, carbon tool steel, brass or from high carbon iron powder.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the die core inlet area, the die core lubricating area, the die core working area, the die core sizing area, the die core safety angle and the die core outlet area are designed and more reasonable in size, the situations that metal wires are broken and easy to run and the hole pattern is easy to deform are avoided, the concentricity is higher, the size of the inlet area of the wire drawing die is more reasonable, the friction force is small, a lubricant is easy to bring in, the working area is longer, the effective use area in the hole is larger, the friction force is small, the abrasion is small, raw materials are not wasted, the cost investment is reduced, the compression angle of the working area is more standard, the angle of the compression area is reasonable, the metal wires are slow in deformation speed and reasonable in compression angle, heat is small, lubricating powder cannot be burnt, and the drawing effect of the metal wires is influenced.
2. The material of the invention is prepared by taking tungsten carbide as a main material and adding proper amount of cobalt, vanadium carbide, chromium carbide, tantalum carbide and rhenium metal, and compared with a wire drawing die, a polycrystalline wire drawing die and a ceramic wire drawing die which are prepared from natural diamond, the material has the advantages of feasibility, high strength, low cost, high surface smoothness, good toughness, low processing difficulty, high hardness, high density, more uniform grain size, more standard compression angle, smaller diameter of an inner hole, higher precision of the inner hole, more inner hole concentricity within 0.003mm and surface roughness reaching Ra0.1(11 level).
3. The die core is directly embedded with the steel sleeve, so that the use is more convenient, and the embedding process is used for removing the embedded sleeve, so that the embedded steel sleeve is more stable, and the die core fixing effect is better.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a superhard microporous wire drawing die with a steel sleeve embedded.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged view at a.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the steel jacket.
FIG. 4 is a process flow diagram.
Description of the figures:
1-a mold core inlet area, 2-a mold core lubricating area, 3-a mold core working area, 4-a mold core sizing area, 5-a mold core safety angle, 6-a mold core outlet area, 7-a mold core guide angle, 8-a steel sleeve inner hole, 9-a mold core, 10-a single side, 11-a steel sleeve outlet area, 12-a steel sleeve and 13-a steel sleeve inlet area.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. The embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the embodiments described above, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and they are included in the scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 to 4, a wire drawing die for superhard micropores inlaid with a steel jacket comprises a steel jacket 12 and a die core 9, wherein a steel jacket inner hole 8 is arranged in the steel jacket 12, the die core 9 is sleeved in the steel jacket inner hole 8, the internal structure of the die core 9 is sequentially divided into a die core inlet area 1, a die core lubricating area 2, a die core working area 3, a die core sizing area 4, a die core safety angle 5 and a die core outlet area 6 according to working properties, the die core inlet area 1 and the die core lubricating area 2 are combined to form a horn shape, the circular arc size of the die core inlet area 1 is R4-R8, the circular arc size of the die core lubricating area 2 is R3-R6, the die core working area 3 is in an inverted cone shape, the angle is 7 degrees respectively, the height is 2.5 times of the diameter of the die core sizing area 4, the die core sizing area 4 is in a cylindrical shape, the height is 20-40% of the diameter of the die core sizing, the angle is 15 degrees, the height is 2 percent of the height of the die core sizing area 4 degrees, the die core outlet area 6 is conical, the height is 15 percent of the total height of the die core 9, and the angle is 30 degrees.
The inner structure of the steel sleeve 12 is sequentially divided into a steel sleeve inlet area 13, a steel sleeve inner hole 8 and a steel sleeve outlet area 11 according to working properties, and the steel sleeve outlet area 11 and the mold core outlet area 6 are combined to form a cone.
The concentricity of the center of the die core sizing region 4 and the center of the steel sleeve 12 is within 0.003mm, and the diameter of the die core sizing region 4 is 0.04 mm.
The outer diameter of the steel sleeve 12 is phi 27mm, the height is 14mm, and the steel sleeve is tightly connected with the mold core 9 through hot-insert interference.
And a mold core guide angle 7 is arranged at the bottom of the mold core 9, and the mold core guide angle 7 is 12-45 degrees.
The outer diameter of the mold core 9 is phi 5mm, and the height is 4.0 mm.
A manufacturing method of a superhard micropore wire drawing die with a steel sleeve embedded comprises the processes of manufacturing a die core 9, manufacturing a steel sleeve 12 and embedding the steel sleeve, wherein the manufacturing steps of the die core 9 are as follows:
step 1: batching, wherein tungsten carbide is used as a main material, a proper amount of cobalt, vanadium carbide, chromium carbide, tantalum carbide, metal rhenium, alcohol and paraffin are added, ball milling is carried out for 72-96 hours, and then the mixture is put into a drying furnace for spray granulation, wherein the weight percentages of the tungsten carbide, the cobalt, the vanadium carbide, the chromium carbide, the tantalum carbide, the metal rhenium and the paraffin are 93-98 percent, 2-7 percent, 0.2-0.8 percent, 0.1-0.4 percent and 2 percent, and the alcohol is added according to the liquid-solid ratio of 0.3L/kg-0.6L/kg;
step 2: performing press forming, namely assembling the manufactured forming die, wherein the die consists of an upper die, a middle die and a lower die, assembling the die into a die frame of a full-automatic bidirectional press, debugging the die frame and performing press production on the micropore wire drawing die core;
and step 3: dewaxing and presintering, namely loading the blank of the die core 9 formed by pressing into a high-temperature resistant boat, putting the boat into a dewaxing and presintering furnace, performing hydrogen dewaxing and presintering, finally controlling the hydrogen dewaxing temperature at 450 ℃, preserving the temperature for 60 minutes, and then performing vacuum presintering; heating to 850 ℃, preserving heat for 50 minutes, and finally blowing out and cooling;
and 4, step 4: half adding, trimming burrs and improving hole pattern degree of the die core sizing area 4 and the die core outlet area 6, and selecting a double-edge cutter with an angle of 30 degrees for the trimmed cutter;
and 5: sintering in an overpressure furnace, namely, loading the semi-finished product mold core 9 subjected to semi-addition by using a high-temperature resistant boat, putting the semi-finished product mold core into a 10Mpa pressure sintering furnace for vacuum overpressure high-temperature sintering, controlling the final temperature to 1400 ℃, pressurizing at 10Mpa for 120 minutes, stopping the furnace, cooling, and unloading the furnace to obtain the mold core 9;
step 6: performing quality inspection on the mold core 9, performing metallographic detection and size profile detection on the sintered mold core 9 through a physical and high-definition electron microscope, and performing next-step sleeve embedding work on the qualified mold core 9;
the steel jacket 12 is manufactured by the following steps:
step 1: firstly, cutting an inner hole of the steel sleeve 12;
step 2: then cutting the outer diameter of the steel sleeve 12;
and step 3: then carrying out plane cutting;
the bushing process comprises the following steps:
step 1: firstly, heating the steel sleeve 12 to 460 ℃;
step 2: then clamping the mold core 9 in the inlet area 13 of the steel sleeve;
and step 3: then, the die core 9 is punched into the steel sleeve 12, and the die core 9 is punched and sealed;
and then the mold core embedded with the steel sleeve 12 is placed in a cooling disc for cooling until the temperature of the mold core 9 embedded with the steel sleeve 12 is consistent with the indoor constant temperature, and then the superhard microporous wire drawing mold embedded with the steel sleeve 12 can be obtained.
The tungsten carbide used in the manufacture of the mold core 9 is 0.10 mu mWC.
When the edge of the mold core 9 is sealed in the embedding and sleeving process, the size of a single edge 10 is 0.4 mm.
The steel jacket 12 is made of medium carbon steel, carbon tool steel, brass or high carbon iron powder.
The arc size of the die core inlet area 1 is R4-R8, so that the wire threading is facilitated, the lubricant is increased, and the drawing efficiency is improved.
The size of the die core lubricating area 2 is R3-R6, so that the passing property of the lubricant is increased, the storage capacity of the lubricant is improved, and the lubricant can be smoothly guided into a working area by steel wires under the condition of high-speed drawing.
The die core working area 3 is inverted cone-shaped and is a main component of a die hole, the steel wire production plastic deformation areas are respectively 7 degrees in compression angle and 2.5 times in height of the diameter of the die core sizing area, and the stress distribution of the wire-drawing die can be uniform.
The die core sizing area 4 is cylindrical, the size of the die core sizing area 4 is 20% -40% of the diameter of the die core sizing area 4, and the portion is used for sizing the size of the steel wire and controlling the stability of the size of the steel wire during wire outgoing.
The die core safety angle 5 is conical, the size of an included angle is 15 degrees, and the height of the included angle is 2 percent of that of the die core sizing area 4. The steel wire die has the advantages that the steel wire is prevented from being scratched after being pulled out from the die core sizing area 4, the die is not easy to collapse, and a good decompression effect can be achieved.
The core outlet region 6 is conical, the height of which is 15% of the total height of the core 9, and the angle is 30 °. The steel wire and the high-carbon steel wire with the drawing diameter of less than 0.3mm are suitable for small-angle outlet areas, the pressure on the die core sizing area 4 in the drawing process can be relieved, and the wear resistance coefficient of the die core sizing area 4 is increased.
The angle size of the mold core guide angle 7 is 12-45 degrees, and the mold core 9 and the steel sleeve 12 play a good role in guiding in the process of sleeve embedding matching, so that the sleeve embedding efficiency is improved, and the concentricity of the whole mold core 9 in the sleeve embedding process is ensured not to deviate.
Preheating a sealing area between the steel sleeve 12 and the mold core 9, then stamping and sealing, sealing edges of the mold core 9, wherein the size of a single edge 10 is 0.4-0.8 mm, fixing the mold core 9, increasing the tightness between the mold core 9 and the steel sleeve 12, and preventing looseness in the drawing process.
The angle of the die core outlet area 6 is the most concentrated part of the stress point in the whole drawing process, and the angle of the steel sleeve outlet area 11 is adjusted along with the angle of the die core outlet area 6, so that the two areas are overlapped and the angles are consistent. The phenomenon that the die is exploded due to overlarge stress in the drawing process can be avoided, the drawing powder which fails in the die hole can be removed, the damage to the die core 9 is reduced, and the service life of the die core 9 is prolonged.
The steel sleeve 12 is made of medium carbon steel, carbon tool steel, brass or high carbon iron powder, and the steel sleeve 12 is tightly connected with the mold core 9 through hot insert interference, so that the phenomena of mold loosening and demolding are not easy to occur, and the drawing efficiency is improved.
The vanadium carbide is used for improving the wear resistance of the mold core and inhibiting the growth and coarsening of tungsten carbide, the chromium carbide is used for improving the corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance of the mold core, the tantalum carbide is used for improving the toughness of the mold core, and the rhenium metal has high melting point, is extremely resistant to high temperature and wear, can improve the hardness of the mold core, and is suitable for drawing in a high-temperature environment.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 1 to 4, a wire drawing die for superhard micropores inlaid with a steel jacket comprises a steel jacket 12 and a die core 9, wherein a steel jacket inner hole 8 is arranged in the steel jacket 12, the die core 9 is sleeved in the steel jacket inner hole 8, the internal structure of the die core 9 is sequentially divided into a die core inlet area 1, a die core lubricating area 2, a die core working area 3, a die core sizing area 4, a die core safety angle 5 and a die core outlet area 6 according to working properties, the die core inlet area 1 and the die core lubricating area 2 are combined to form a horn shape, the circular arc size of the die core inlet area 1 is R4-R8, the circular arc size of the die core lubricating area 2 is R3-R6, the die core working area 3 is in an inverted cone shape, the angle is 11 degrees respectively, the height is 5 times of the diameter of the die core sizing area 4, the die core sizing area 4 is cylindrical, the height is 30% of the diameter of the die core sizing area 4, the angle is 20 degrees, the height is 7 percent of the height of the die core sizing area 4, the die core outlet area 6 is conical, the height is 20 percent of the total height of the die core 9, and the angle is 90 degrees.
The inner structure of the steel sleeve 12 is sequentially divided into a steel sleeve inlet area 13, a steel sleeve inner hole 8 and a steel sleeve outlet area 11 according to working properties, and the steel sleeve outlet area 11 and the mold core outlet area 6 are combined to form a cone.
The concentricity of the center of the die core sizing region 4 and the center of the steel sleeve 12 is within 0.003mm, and the diameter of the die core sizing region 4 is 0.6 mm.
The outer diameter of the steel sleeve 12 is phi 28mm, the height is 18mm, and the steel sleeve is tightly connected with the mold core 9 through hot-insert interference.
The bottom of the mold core 9 is provided with a mold core guide angle 7, and the mold core guide angle 7 is 30 degrees.
The outer diameter of the mold core 9 is phi 8mm, and the height is 6.0 mm.
A manufacturing method of a superhard micropore wire drawing die with a steel sleeve embedded comprises the processes of manufacturing a die core 9, manufacturing a steel sleeve 12 and embedding the steel sleeve, wherein the manufacturing steps of the die core 9 are as follows:
step 1: batching, wherein tungsten carbide is used as a main material, a proper amount of cobalt, vanadium carbide, chromium carbide, tantalum carbide, metal rhenium, alcohol and paraffin are added, ball milling is carried out for 72-96 hours, and then the mixture is put into a drying furnace for spray granulation, wherein the weight percentages of the tungsten carbide, the cobalt, the vanadium carbide, the chromium carbide, the tantalum carbide, the metal rhenium and the paraffin are 93-98 percent, 2-7 percent, 0.2-0.8 percent, 0.1-0.4 percent and 2 percent, and the alcohol is added according to the liquid-solid ratio of 0.3L/kg-0.6L/kg;
step 2: performing press forming, namely assembling the manufactured forming die, wherein the die consists of an upper die, a middle die and a lower die, assembling the die into a die frame of a full-automatic bidirectional press, debugging the die frame and performing press production on the micropore wire drawing die core;
and step 3: dewaxing and presintering, namely loading the blank of the die core 9 formed by pressing into a high-temperature resistant boat, putting the boat into a dewaxing and presintering furnace, performing hydrogen dewaxing and presintering, finally controlling the hydrogen dewaxing temperature at 450 ℃, preserving the temperature for 60 minutes, and then performing vacuum presintering; heating to 850 ℃, preserving heat for 50 minutes, and finally blowing out and cooling;
and 4, step 4: half adding, trimming burrs and improving hole pattern degree of the die core sizing area 4 and the die core outlet area 6, and selecting a double-edge tool with an angle of 30-120 degrees for the trimmed tool;
and 5: sintering in an overpressure furnace, namely, loading the semi-finished product mold core 9 subjected to semi-addition by using a high-temperature resistant boat, putting the semi-finished product mold core into a 10Mpa pressure sintering furnace for vacuum overpressure high-temperature sintering, controlling the final temperature to 1400 ℃, pressurizing at 10Mpa for 120 minutes, stopping the furnace, cooling, and unloading the furnace to obtain the mold core 9;
step 6: performing quality inspection on the mold core 9, performing metallographic detection and size profile detection on the sintered mold core 9 through a physical and high-definition electron microscope, and performing next-step sleeve embedding work on the qualified mold core 9;
the steel jacket 12 is manufactured by the following steps:
step 1: firstly, cutting an inner hole of the steel sleeve 12;
step 2: then cutting the outer diameter of the steel sleeve 12;
and step 3: then carrying out plane cutting;
the bushing process comprises the following steps:
step 1: firstly, heating the steel sleeve 12 to 470 ℃;
step 2: then clamping the mold core 9 in the inlet area 13 of the steel sleeve;
and step 3: then, the die core 9 is punched into the steel sleeve 12, and the die core 9 is punched and sealed;
and 4, step 4: and then the mold core embedded with the steel sleeve 12 is placed in a cooling disc for cooling until the temperature of the mold core 9 embedded with the steel sleeve 12 is consistent with the indoor constant temperature, and then the superhard microporous wire drawing mold embedded with the steel sleeve 12 can be obtained.
The tungsten carbide used in the manufacture of the mold core 9 is 0.4 mu mWC.
When the edge of the mold core 9 is sealed in the embedding and sleeving process, the size of a single edge 10 is 0.6 mm.
The steel jacket 12 is made of medium carbon steel, carbon tool steel, brass or high carbon iron powder.
The pressing adopts a high-precision full-automatic powder forming machine, and the blank of the mold core 9 has uniform density distribution and consistent size and weight by an automatic bidirectional pressure maintaining method, so that the generation of pressing defects is effectively avoided.
And dewaxing pre-sintering, namely, loading the blank of the die core 9 formed by pressing into a high-temperature resistant boat, and putting the boat into a dewaxing pre-sintering furnace. In order to ensure that paraffin can be fully removed, the hydrogen dewaxing temperature is finally controlled at 450 ℃, the temperature is kept for 60 minutes, the vacuum pre-sintering temperature is heated to 850 ℃ and kept for 50 minutes, the furnace is stopped for cooling, the contact stress among semi-finished product particles of the mold core 9 after the dewaxing pre-sintering is gradually eliminated, the blank strength of the mold core 9 is improved, and a good foundation is made for a semi-adding link.
The semi-automatic precise program control full-automatic rotating machine which is independently researched and developed is clamped and matched with a hard alloy double-edge coating cutter, and double-edge cutters with angles of 30-120 degrees are adopted to trim burrs and perfect hole types of a mold core sizing area 4 and a mold core outlet area 6.
And (3) loading the semi-finished product mold core 9 after semi-adding in the overpressure furnace sintering by using a high-temperature resistant boat, placing the semi-finished product mold core 9 into a 10Mpa pressure sintering furnace for overpressure high-temperature sintering, controlling the final temperature at 1400 ℃, pressurizing at 10Mpa for 120 minutes, stopping the furnace for cooling, and discharging the furnace to obtain the superhard microporous wire drawing mold core 9.
And the quality inspection of the mold core 9 detects the sintered mold core 9 through a physical and high-definition electron microscope, and carries out the next step of sleeve embedding work on the qualified mold core 9.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 1 to 4, a wire drawing die for superhard micropores inlaid with a steel jacket comprises a steel jacket 12 and a die core 9, wherein a steel jacket inner hole 8 is arranged in the steel jacket 12, the die core 9 is sleeved in the steel jacket inner hole 8, the internal structure of the die core 9 is sequentially divided into a die core inlet area 1, a die core lubricating area 2, a die core working area 3, a die core sizing area 4, a die core safety angle 5 and a die core outlet area 6 according to working properties, the die core inlet area 1 and the die core lubricating area 2 are combined to form a horn shape, the circular arc size of the die core inlet area 1 is R4-R8, the circular arc size of the die core lubricating area 2 is R3-R6, the die core working area 3 is in an inverted cone shape, the angle is respectively 13 degrees, the height is 7 times of the diameter of the die core sizing area 4, the die core sizing area 4 is cylindrical, the height is 40% of the diameter of the die core sizing area 4, the angle is 30 degrees, the height is 10 percent of the height of the die core sizing area 4, the die core outlet area 6 is conical, the height is 25 percent of the height of the die core 9, and the angle is 120 degrees.
The inner structure of the steel sleeve 12 is sequentially divided into a steel sleeve inlet area 13, a steel sleeve inner hole 8 and a steel sleeve outlet area 11 according to working properties, and the steel sleeve outlet area 11 and the mold core outlet area 6 are combined to form a cone.
The concentricity of the center of the die core sizing region 4 and the center of the steel sleeve 12 is within 0.003mm, and the diameter of the die core sizing region 4 is 1.0 mm.
The outer diameter of the steel sleeve 12 is phi 31mm, the height is 22mm, and the steel sleeve is tightly connected with the mold core 9 through hot-insert interference.
The bottom of the mold core 9 is provided with a mold core guide angle 7, and the mold core guide angle 7 is 45 degrees.
The outer diameter of the mold core 9 is phi 12.8mm, and the height is 10.0 mm.
A manufacturing method of a superhard micropore wire drawing die with a steel sleeve embedded comprises the processes of manufacturing a die core 9, manufacturing a steel sleeve 12 and embedding the steel sleeve, wherein the manufacturing steps of the die core 9 are as follows:
step 1: batching, wherein tungsten carbide is used as a main material, a proper amount of cobalt, vanadium carbide, chromium carbide, tantalum carbide, metal rhenium, alcohol and paraffin are added, ball milling is carried out for 72-96 hours, and then the mixture is put into a drying furnace for spray granulation, wherein the weight percentages of the tungsten carbide, the cobalt, the vanadium carbide, the chromium carbide, the tantalum carbide, the metal rhenium and the paraffin are 93-98 percent, 2-7 percent, 0.2-0.8 percent, 0.1-0.4 percent and 2 percent, and the alcohol is added according to a liquid-solid ratio of 0.6L/kg;
step 2: performing press forming, namely assembling the manufactured forming die, wherein the die consists of an upper die, a middle die and a lower die, assembling the die into a die frame of a full-automatic bidirectional press, debugging the die frame and performing press production on the micropore wire drawing die core;
and step 3: dewaxing and presintering, namely loading the blank of the die core 9 formed by pressing into a high-temperature resistant boat, putting the boat into a dewaxing and presintering furnace, performing hydrogen dewaxing and presintering, finally controlling the hydrogen dewaxing temperature at 450 ℃, preserving the temperature for 60 minutes, and then performing vacuum presintering; heating to 850 ℃, preserving heat for 50 minutes, and finally blowing out and cooling;
and 4, step 4: half adding, trimming burrs and improving hole pattern degree of the die core sizing area 4 and the die core outlet area 6, and selecting a double-edge cutter with an angle of 120 degrees for the trimmed cutter;
and 5: sintering in an overpressure furnace, namely, loading the semi-finished product mold 9 after semi-adding by using a high-temperature resistant boat, putting the semi-finished product mold into a 10Mpa pressure sintering furnace for vacuum overpressure high-temperature sintering, controlling the final temperature to 1400 ℃, pressurizing at 10Mpa for 120 minutes, stopping the furnace, cooling, and unloading the furnace to obtain a mold core 9;
step 6: performing quality inspection on the mold core 9, performing metallographic detection and size profile detection on the sintered mold core 9 through a physical and high-definition electron microscope, and performing next-step sleeve embedding work on the qualified mold core 9;
the steel jacket 12 is manufactured by the following steps:
step 1: firstly, cutting an inner hole of the steel sleeve 12;
step 2: then cutting the outer diameter of the steel sleeve 12;
and step 3: then carrying out plane cutting;
the bushing process comprises the following steps:
step 1: firstly, heating the steel sleeve 12 to 480 ℃;
step 2: then clamping the mold core 9 in the inlet area 1 of the steel sleeve;
and step 3: then, the die core 9 is punched into the steel sleeve 12, and the die core 9 is punched and sealed;
and 4, step 4: and then the mold core embedded with the steel sleeve 12 is placed in a cooling disc for cooling until the temperature of the mold core 9 embedded with the steel sleeve 12 is consistent with the indoor constant temperature, and then the superhard microporous wire drawing mold embedded with the steel sleeve 12 can be obtained.
The tungsten carbide used in the manufacture of the mold core 9 is 0.6 mu mWC.
When the edge of the mold core 9 is sealed in the embedding and sleeving process, the size of a single edge 10 is 0.8 mm.
The steel jacket 12 is made of medium carbon steel, carbon tool steel, brass or high carbon iron powder.
The steel sleeve inlet area 13 is in a round table shape, the mold core 9 is punched into the steel sleeve 12, and after the mold core is punched and sealed, the shape of the steel sleeve inlet area 13 changes to form a single side 10.
The paraffin has viscosity, paraffin residues can easily stick a cutter and block holes in the semi-adding process, the cutter can also damage the internal structure of the mold core 9 without any strength, therefore, after a semi-finished product of the mold core 9 is pressed, the dewaxing and pre-sintering step needs to be carried out, the paraffin has almost no carbon residue after the heating and pre-sintering, the stamping resistance of the pressed semi-finished product of the blank mold core 9 can be improved by more than 30 percent, and the strength requirement of the later semi-adding can be met.
Table 1 data comparison table between wire drawing die manufactured by using the present invention and wire drawing die manufactured by using the conventional method
TABLE 2 core testing report form
Detection standard: the GB/T2336-2009 hard alloy Magnetic Saturation (MS) determination standard test method; 2, a method for measuring coercive (magnetic) force of the GB/T3848-2017 hard alloy; GB/T3850-2015; GB/T7997-2014; GB/T3489-2015; GB/T3488.1-2014; GB/T3488.2-2018;
from tables 1 and 2, it can be seen that the core manufactured by the present invention has more excellent properties, which are not possessed by the core manufactured by the conventional method.
Claims (10)
1. A superhard micropore wire drawing die embedded with a steel jacket comprises the steel jacket (12) and a die core (9), wherein a steel jacket inner hole (8) is formed in the steel jacket (12), the die core (9) is sleeved in the steel jacket inner hole (8), and the wire drawing die is characterized in that the internal structure of the die core (9) is sequentially divided into a die core inlet area (1), a die core lubricating area (2), a die core working area (3), a die core sizing area (4), a die core safety angle (5) and a die core outlet area (6) according to working properties, the die core inlet area (1) and the die core lubricating area (2) are combined to form a horn shape, the arc size of the die core inlet area (1) is R4-R8, the arc size of the die core lubricating area (2) is R3-R6, the die core working area (3) is in an inverted cone shape, the angle is respectively 7-13 degrees, and the height is 2.5-7 times of the diameter of the die core sizing area (, the die core sizing area (4) is cylindrical, the height of the die core sizing area is 20% -40% of the diameter of the die core sizing area (4), the die core safety angle (5) is conical, the angle is 15-30 degrees, the height of the die core sizing area is 2% -10% of the height of the die core sizing area (4), the die core outlet area (6) is conical, the height of the die core outlet area is 15% -25% of the total height of the die core (9), and the angle is 30-120 degrees.
2. A superhard microporous wire drawing die lined with a steel sleeve as claimed in claim 1, wherein the internal structure of the steel sleeve (12) is divided into a steel sleeve inlet region (13), a steel sleeve inner hole (8) and a steel sleeve outlet region (11) according to working properties, and the steel sleeve outlet region (11) and the die core outlet region (6) are combined to form a cone.
3. A superhard microporous wire drawing die lined with a steel sleeve as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concentricity of the center of the die core sizing region (4) and the center of the steel sleeve (12) is within 0.003mm, and the diameter of the die core sizing region (4) is 0.04mm to 1.0 mm.
4. A superhard microporous wire drawing die lined with a steel sleeve as claimed in claim 1, wherein the steel sleeve (12) has an outer diameter of 27mm to 31mm and a height of 14mm to 22mm, and is tightly connected with the die core (9) by thermal caulking interference.
5. A superhard microporous wiredrawing die lined with steel sleeves according to claim 1, wherein a die core guide angle (7) is arranged at the bottom of the die core (9), and the die core guide angle (7) is 12-45 degrees.
6. A superhard microporous wire drawing die lined with a steel sleeve as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outer diameter of the die core (9) is 5mm to 12.8mm, and the height is 4.0mm to 10.0 mm.
7. The manufacturing method of the superhard micropore wire drawing die with the embedded steel sleeve is characterized by comprising the processes of manufacturing a die core (9), manufacturing the steel sleeve (12) and embedding the steel sleeve, wherein the manufacturing steps of the die core (9) are as follows:
step 1: batching, wherein tungsten carbide is used as a main material, a proper amount of cobalt, vanadium carbide, chromium carbide, tantalum carbide, metal rhenium, alcohol and paraffin are added, ball milling is carried out for 72-96 hours, and then the mixture is put into a drying furnace for spray granulation, wherein the weight percentages of the tungsten carbide, the cobalt, the vanadium carbide, the chromium carbide, the tantalum carbide, the metal rhenium and the paraffin are 93-98 percent, 2-7 percent, 0.2-0.8 percent, 0.1-0.4 percent and 2 percent, and the alcohol is added according to the liquid-solid ratio of 0.3L/kg-0.6L/kg;
step 2: performing press forming, namely assembling the manufactured forming die, wherein the die consists of an upper die, a middle die and a lower die, assembling the die into a die frame of a full-automatic bidirectional press, debugging the die frame and performing press production on the micropore wire drawing die core;
and step 3: dewaxing and presintering, namely loading the blank of the die core (9) formed by pressing into a high-temperature resistant boat, putting the boat into a dewaxing and presintering furnace, performing hydrogen dewaxing and presintering, finally controlling the hydrogen dewaxing temperature at 450 ℃, preserving the temperature for 60 minutes, and then performing vacuum presintering; heating to 850 ℃, preserving heat for 50 minutes, and finally blowing out and cooling;
and 4, step 4: half adding, trimming burrs and improving the hole type of a mold core sizing area (4) and a mold core outlet area (6), and selecting a double-edge cutter with an angle of 30-120 degrees for the trimmed cutter;
and 5: performing overpressure furnace sintering, namely, loading the semi-finished product mold core (9) after semi-adding by using a high-temperature resistant boat, putting the semi-finished product mold core into a 10Mpa pressure sintering furnace for vacuum overpressure high-temperature sintering, controlling the final temperature to be 1400 ℃, pressurizing at 10Mpa for 120 minutes, stopping the furnace, cooling, and unloading the furnace to obtain the mold core (9);
step 6: performing quality inspection on the mold core (9), performing metallographic detection and size profile detection on the sintered mold core (9) through a physical and high-definition electron microscope, and performing next-step sleeve embedding work on the qualified mold core (9);
the steel sleeve (12) is manufactured by the following steps:
step 1: firstly, cutting an inner hole of the steel sleeve (12);
step 2: then cutting the outer diameter of the steel sleeve (12);
and step 3: then carrying out plane cutting;
the bushing process comprises the following steps:
step 1: firstly, heating the steel sleeve (12) to 460-480 ℃;
step 2: then clamping the mold core (9) in an inlet area (13) of the steel sleeve;
and step 3: then, the mold core (9) is punched into the steel sleeve (12), and the mold core (9) is punched and sealed;
and 4, step 4: and then the mold core embedded with the steel sleeve (12) is placed in a cooling disc for cooling until the temperature of the mold core (9) embedded with the steel sleeve (12) is consistent with the indoor constant temperature, and then the superhard microporous wire drawing mold embedded with the steel sleeve (12) can be obtained.
8. The method for manufacturing the superhard microporous drawing die inlaid with the steel jacket as claimed in claim 6, wherein the tungsten carbide used in the manufacturing of the die core (9) is 0.10-0.6 μmWC.
9. The manufacturing method of the wire drawing die for the superhard micro-holes lined with the steel sleeves as claimed in claim 6, wherein when the die core (9) in the bushing process is subjected to edge sealing, the size of a single edge (10) is 0.4-0.8 mm.
10. A method of making a superhard microporous wiredrawing die lined with a steel jacket as claimed in claim 6, characterised in that the steel jacket (12) is made of medium carbon steel, carbon tool steel, brass or high carbon iron powder.
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