CN112022480B

CN112022480B - Traction type personalized bone fracture medical splint and using method

Info

Publication number: CN112022480B
Application number: CN202011054943.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周明东; 奚小冰; 宋烨麟; 魏创
Original assignee: Shanghai Jiaotong University
Current assignee: Shanghai Jiaotong University
Priority date: 2020-09-28
Filing date: 2020-09-28
Publication date: 2022-05-31
Anticipated expiration: 2040-09-28
Also published as: CN112022480A

Abstract

The invention discloses a traction type individualized bone fracture medical splint and a using method thereof, and the medical splint comprises a hand splint and an arm splint; one side of the hand clamping plate is connected through a first rotating pair, one side of the arm clamping plate is connected through a second rotating pair, the other side of the hand clamping plate and the other side of the arm clamping plate are connected through magic tapes, and the hand clamping plate is connected with the arm clamping plate through a traction mechanism; traction mechanism includes parallel guide, clamp, rubber pad, wherein parallel guide's track direction with the axis of splint revolute pair is parallel, splint can be according to the individualized customization of radius bone fracture patient arm. The invention is suitable for each stage of fracture recovery, the length of the parallel guide rail can be adjusted in a stepless way, thereby providing traction force suitable for each stage of fracture recovery, having the advantages of convenient installation, no need of replacing traction components, good air permeability, comfortable wearing and the like, and realizing accurate treatment of arm fracture according to the length of the guide rail.

Description

Traction type personalized bone fracture medical splint and using method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of arm splints, in particular to a traction type personalized bone fracture medical splint and a using method thereof.

Background

The traction technology is a common orthopedic treatment mode which realizes the preoperative tissue relaxation and postoperative braking treatment methods for certain diseases through a traction device. This method is commonly used for the extremities and the spine. In the healing process of arm fracture, the fracture ends can be shortened under the retraction force of peripheral tendons and muscles, so that the recovered arms of a patient can be shortened compared with the arms before fracture. In order to overcome the shortening of arm fracture in the rehabilitation stage, the traction technology is generally adopted as follows: (1) skin traction, namely wrapping the affected side of the arm with adhesive plaster or splint for traction so as to maintain the reduction and stability of the fracture; (2) bone traction, namely directly traction bones through a round needle, so that the patients with fracture and dislocation can be effectively reset and fixed.

(1) Adopt the skin traction mode of adhesive tape and splint, this kind of mode needs often to change adhesive tape and splint, increases medical personnel's burden. And the gauze can only be replaced by human experience every time, and the accurate treatment cannot be realized.

(2) The bone traction needs to directly penetrate a steel needle into the bone through the skin and connect the fracture ends. Although the shortening of the broken end is fundamentally prevented, if the disinfection is not strict or the nursing is not proper, the joint capsule or the nerve vessel is easily damaged due to infection/improper needle penetrating position at the needle eye, and the bone traction can cause strong pain to the patient in the treatment process.

In the prior art, the skin traction needs to be frequently replaced by traction parts, and accurate treatment cannot be realized. Bone traction is prone to infection and pain in the patient. Therefore, those skilled in the art have endeavored to provide a precise arm fracture traction scheme which does not need to change materials frequently, has good air permeability and is comfortable and convenient to wear, and can provide different traction forces at different stages of fracture recovery.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to reduce the pain of the patient during the treatment process as much as possible, and to perform the traction treatment on the patient by using a splint.

In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a traction type personalized bone fracture medical splint which is characterized by comprising a hand splint and an arm splint; wherein, the arm splint include first arm splint and the second arm splint, the arm splint includes first arm splint and second arm splint, the first side of first arm splint with the second side of the second arm splint is connected through first revolute pair, the first side of first arm splint with the second side of second arm splint passes through the second revolute pair and connects, the second side of first arm splint with the first side of the second arm splint the second side of first arm splint with the first side of second arm splint passes through the magic and pastes the connection, the arm splint with the arm splint passes through drive mechanism and connects.

Further, the traction mechanism comprises a parallel guide rail, and the track direction of the parallel guide rail is parallel to the axis of the clamping plate rotating pair.

Further, the parallel guide rail comprises a sliding groove and a sliding block, wherein the sliding groove and the sliding block are respectively installed on the hand clamping plate and the arm clamping plate, and the length of the parallel guide rail can be adjusted in a stepless mode.

Further, the medical splint further comprises a clamp, wherein one end of the clamp is connected to the arm part splint through the revolute pair, and the other end of the clamp is fixed through a bolt.

Further, the hand splint and the arm splint are customized according to the arm of the patient with the radius fracture.

Furthermore, a rubber sheet is arranged between the clamp and the arm clamping plate.

Further, the magic tape is connected with the clamping plate through a snap fastener.

The invention also provides a using method of the traction type personalized bone fracture medical splint, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step A, opening the magic tape and putting a hand into the splint;

step B, adjusting the traction length of the splint;

and C, rotating and closing the clamping plate.

Further, the step B specifically includes:

step B1, unscrewing a clamp bolt, and opening the clamp;

step B2, sliding the parallel guide rail, and adjusting the traction length;

and step B3, closing the clamp and screwing down the bolt of the clamp.

Further, step B3 includes bolting the clip to the rail without sliding.

The invention is suitable for each stage of fracture recovery, provides traction force suitable for each stage of fracture recovery, has the advantages of convenient installation, no need of replacing traction components, good air permeability, comfortable wearing and the like, and can realize accurate treatment on arm fracture according to the length of the guide rail. Compared with the bone traction, the invention does not need operation and brings less pain to the patient.

The conception, the specific structure and the technical effects of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings to fully understand the objects, the features and the effects of the present invention.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a distraction personalized bone fracture medical splint and distraction mechanism according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2(a) (b) is a schematic illustration of a part of a cleat pattern in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3(a) (b) (c) (d) is a schematic view of the splint adjusting traction length according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4(a) (b) is a schematic view showing the splint according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein, 1-first arm splint, 2-second arm splint, 3-first arm splint, 4-second arm splint, 5-top clamp, 6-first arm splint rubber sheet, 7-top clamp rubber sheet, 8-top clamp bolt, 9-bottom clamp bolt, 10-bottom clamp, 11, 13, 15-snap button, 12, 14, 16-magic tape, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22-rotation bolt, 21-second arm splint rubber sheet.

Detailed Description

The technical contents of the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be more clearly and easily understood by referring to the drawings attached to the specification. The present invention may be embodied in many different forms of embodiments and the scope of the invention is not limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

In the drawings, structurally identical elements are represented by like reference numerals, and structurally or functionally similar elements are represented by like reference numerals throughout the several views. The size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrarily illustrated, and the present invention is not limited to the size and thickness of each component. The thickness of the components may be exaggerated where appropriate in the figures to improve clarity.

As shown in fig. 1, a schematic view of a traction type personalized bone fracture medical splint and a traction mechanism; in order to facilitate the patient to wear the splint, the splint is designed to be a flip cover type. The main body of the arm clamp is divided into four parts, namely a first arm clamp plate 1, a second arm clamp plate 2, a first arm clamp plate 3 and a second arm clamp plate 4. First arm splint and the second arm splint to and the one side of first arm splint and second arm splint adopts the revolute pair to connect, and the opposite side adopts the magic to paste the connection. When in use, the magic tape is opened, and the clamping plates at the top and the bottom can rotate around the rotating pair. After the patient places their hand in the splint, the splint is turned again and closed. The invention can also adjust the wearing comfort degree of the patient through the tightness of the magic tape. The hand part splint and the arm part splint are connected by a traction mechanism. The invention designs a plurality of parallel guide rails between the hand splint and the arm splint. The sliding groove and the sliding block of the guide rail are respectively positioned on the arm clamping plate and the hand clamping plate. In order to ensure that the traction can smoothly adjust the length, the sliding direction of each guide rail needs to be ensured to be consistent, and meanwhile, the sliding direction should be kept parallel to the axis of the clamping plate rotating pair.

The present invention designs a clip to secure a guide rail. One end of each

clamp

5, 10 is connected with the

arm clamping plate

3, 4 through a revolute pair, and the revolute pair is connected with the

clamp

5, 10 and the

arm clamping plate

3, 4 through

bolts

17, 22. The other end is fixed by

bolts

8 and 9.

Rubber sheets

6, 7 and 22 are attached to the contact areas of the clamping hoop and the sliding block of the arm clamping plate so as to increase the friction force between the clamping hoop and the sliding block and realize the fixation of the guide rail.

As shown in FIGS. 2(a) and (b), the parts of the splint model are schematically illustrated. The main body of the invention is divided into four parts, namely a first arm clamping plate 1, a second arm clamping plate 2, a first arm clamping plate 3 and a second arm clamping plate 4. The first hand and bottom clamp, and the first arm and one side of the bottom clamp are connected using revolute pairs which are connected by

bolts

18, 19, 20. The other side is connected by

magic tapes

12, 14 and 16. The

magic tapes

12 and 14 are connected to the first arm splint 3 through the

snap buttons

11 and 13, and the magic tape 16 is connected to the first arm splint 1 through the snap button 15. When the patient uses the device, the patient firstly needs to open the

magic tapes

12, 14 and 16, and the

top splints

1 and 3 and the bottom splints 2 and 4 can rotate around the revolute pair.

As shown in FIGS. 3(a), (b), (c) and (d), the splint wearing method and the adjustment of the traction length are schematically shown. When adjusting the splint traction length, the patient first unscrews the

clamp bolts

8, 9 that secure the top and bottom, and opens the two

clamps

5, 10. Then the guide rail is slid to adjust the traction length. Finally, the

clamps

5 and 10 are closed, and the

clamp bolts

8 and 9 are tightened until the guide rails cannot slide.

Fig. 4 is a splint wearing schematic diagram, and the splint are opened and closed through magic tape, and the wearing is convenient. After the patient places their hand in the splint, the splint is turned again and closed. The invention can also adjust the wearing comfort degree of the patient through the tightness of the

magic tapes

12, 14 and 16.

The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concept. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A traction type personalized bone fracture medical splint is characterized by comprising a hand splint and an arm splint; the arm clamping plates comprise a first arm clamping plate and a second arm clamping plate, the first side of the first arm clamping plate is connected with the second side of the second arm clamping plate through a first revolute pair, the first side of the first arm clamping plate is connected with the second side of the second arm clamping plate through a second revolute pair, the second side of the first arm clamping plate is connected with the first side of the second arm clamping plate through a magic tape, and the arm clamping plates are connected with each other through a traction mechanism; the traction mechanism comprises a parallel guide rail, the track direction of the parallel guide rail is parallel to the axes of the first rotating pair and the second rotating pair, and the length of the parallel guide rail can be adjusted in a stepless mode; the parallel guide rail comprises a sliding groove and a sliding block, wherein the sliding groove and the sliding block are respectively arranged on the hand clamping plate and the arm clamping plate; the medical splint further comprises a clamp, wherein one end of the clamp is connected to the arm splint through the second revolute pair, the other end of the clamp is fixed through a bolt, and the clamp is configured to be capable of fixing the guide rail after being screwed down so that the guide rail is clamped and cannot slide; and a rubber sheet is arranged between the clamp and the arm clamping plate.

2. The towed personalized bone fracture medical splint of claim 1, wherein the hand splint and the arm splint are personalized to the arm of the patient with the radial bone fracture.

3. The towed personalized bone fracture medical splint according to claim 1, wherein the magic tape is connected with the splint by snap fasteners.