CN112012984B - Hydraulic slide valve internal leakage acoustic emission detection experimental device and using method thereof - Google Patents
Hydraulic slide valve internal leakage acoustic emission detection experimental device and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112012984B CN112012984B CN202010992724.4A CN202010992724A CN112012984B CN 112012984 B CN112012984 B CN 112012984B CN 202010992724 A CN202010992724 A CN 202010992724A CN 112012984 B CN112012984 B CN 112012984B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B19/00—Testing; Calibrating; Fault detection or monitoring; Simulation or modelling of fluid-pressure systems or apparatus not otherwise provided for
- F15B19/007—Simulation or modelling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B19/00—Testing; Calibrating; Fault detection or monitoring; Simulation or modelling of fluid-pressure systems or apparatus not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
- F15B21/04—Special measures taken in connection with the properties of the fluid
- F15B21/041—Removal or measurement of solid or liquid contamination, e.g. filtering
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
- F15B21/04—Special measures taken in connection with the properties of the fluid
- F15B21/042—Controlling the temperature of the fluid
- F15B21/0423—Cooling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
- F15B2211/615—Filtering means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
- F15B2211/62—Cooling or heating means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/80—Other types of control related to particular problems or conditions
- F15B2211/855—Testing of fluid pressure systems
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic system detection or teaching facilities, and particularly relates to a hydraulic slide valve internal leakage acoustic emission detection experimental device and a using method thereof. The experimental device comprises a constant-pressure oil supply system, a leakage simulation device, an air coupling acoustic emission sensor and a contact acoustic emission sensor; the constant-pressure oil supply system comprises a first oil tank, a hydraulic pump, a one-way valve, an energy accumulator and a ball valve which are sequentially connected through a pipeline; the electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with an inlet of the back pressure loading valve; the leakage simulation device is connected with and arranged between the ball valve and the back pressure loading valve through a pipeline; the leakage simulation device comprises a plurality of valve cores, a plurality of valve bodies combined with the valve cores, a return spring and a spiral micrometer head; the application also provides a use method of the hydraulic slide valve internal leakage acoustic emission detection experimental device, and an internal leakage amount and leakage acoustic emission signal influence factor analysis verification experiment and a leakage amount acoustic emission detection teaching experiment can be conveniently carried out on the basis of the device and the method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic system detection or teaching facilities, and particularly relates to a hydraulic slide valve internal leakage acoustic emission detection experimental device and a using method thereof.
Background
The hydraulic slide valve has various functions and advantages, and is often used as a core control element to be widely applied to a hydraulic system to control the flow direction, the size and the pressure of oil. In order to ensure sealing and smooth sliding, the normal radial clearance between the valve core of the slide valve and the valve sleeve is 3-8 mu m. Because of the existence of the clearance, the leakage in the slide valve is inevitable, but the internal leakage amount under the normal clearance is very small, and the normal work of the system is not influenced. However, the hydraulic slide valve is high in utilization rate and frequent in opening, and works in a high oil pressure environment for a long time, the sealing surface is greatly damaged by the factors, the valve element is abraded to increase the gap, the internal leakage amount is remarkably increased due to the overlarge radial gap, the normal action of an actuating mechanism is influenced in a serious condition, excessive pressure loss and abnormal heating are caused, and even the slide valve can fail.
In the traditional method, flow and pressure signals are acquired by adopting an intrusive detection technology, namely, a sensing element is directly connected into an oil way for measurement by disassembling a hydraulic oil way.
Compared with other detection methods, the acoustic emission detection technology has the advantage of being capable of carrying out real-time dynamic monitoring. At present, the acoustic emission technology is widely applied to gas leakage detection, but the problems of complexity of the flowing state of internal liquid and signal attenuation of solid-liquid coupling are involved, the technology is rarely applied to leakage detection of a hydraulic slide valve, and more of the technology is in theoretical research.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hydraulic slide valve internal leakage acoustic emission detection device and a test method aiming at the requirements, so that a hydraulic slide valve internal leakage acoustic emission detection experiment can be actually carried out, theoretical research contents can be visually expressed and observed through actual operation, and the teaching effect is improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
An internal leakage acoustic emission detection experimental device for a hydraulic slide valve comprises a constant-pressure oil supply system, a leakage simulation device, an air-coupled acoustic emission sensor 15 and a contact acoustic emission sensor 17;
the constant-pressure oil supply system comprises a first oil tank 1, a hydraulic pump 4, a one-way valve 10, an energy accumulator 11 and a ball valve 12 which are sequentially connected through pipelines; the device also comprises a back pressure loading valve 19 and an electromagnetic reversing valve 20 of which the inlet is connected to the back pressure loading valve 19;
wherein the electromagnetic directional valve 20 is provided with two outlets, one outlet is provided with a flow sensor 21, and the other outlet is provided with a measuring cylinder 22;
the leakage simulator 16 is connected by a pipeline and arranged between the ball valve 12 and the back pressure loading valve 19; the leakage simulation device comprises a plurality of valve cores 3 with different diameters, a plurality of valve bodies 4 which can be combined with the valve cores 3 to form different gap heights, a return spring 7 positioned between the inner wall of the valve body 4 and the valve core 3, and a micrometer screw 1 fixed on the valve body 4; the reset spring 7 and the spiral micrometer head 1 are respectively positioned at two sides of the valve core 3;
a main shaft 1a of the spiral micrometer head 1 is abutted against the end part of the valve core 3; the oil inlet 5 of the valve body 4 is connected to the ball valve 12, and the oil outlet 9 is connected to the back pressure loading valve 19.
To the further refinement of aforesaid hydraulic slide valve internal leakage acoustic emission detection experimental apparatus, still be provided with closed loop control by temperature change structure, include: the temperature controller 7 is controlled by the oil temperature parameter of the oil inlet 5, the cooler 6 is controlled by the temperature controller 7, and the branch circuit is led out by a pipeline between the hydraulic pump 4 and the one-way valve 10 and is connected to the cooler 6 through the overflow valve 8;
the operation of the cooler is controlled by a temperature controller and is mainly used for controlling the oil temperature at the inlet of the leakage simulation device so as to avoid the oil temperature from influencing the experimental result, PID (proportion integration differentiation) control is adopted for controlling the temperature, the control object is the temperature of oil, the temperature feedback is realized through a temperature sensor 14 arranged at the inlet of the leakage simulation device, and the cooler directly cools the hydraulic oil of the oil tank so as to realize the control of the temperature of the oil.
The hydraulic slide valve internal leakage acoustic emission detection experimental device is further refined, and the hydraulic slide valve internal leakage acoustic emission detection experimental device further comprises an oil inlet side pressure sensor 13 arranged on a pipeline between the ball valve 12 and the leakage simulation device 16; and an outlet-side pressure sensor 18 provided between the leakage simulator 16 and the back pressure charging valve 19.
The hydraulic slide valve internal leakage acoustic emission detection experimental device is further refined, and the valve body 4 comprises a valve body, and a stop block 2 and a sleeve 6 which are arranged on two sides of the valve body; the check block 2 is detachably arranged on the valve body 4, a measuring channel coaxial with the inner cavity of the valve body 4 is arranged on the check block 2, the end part of the micrometer screw 1 is clamped into or fixedly arranged in the adjusting channel in a threaded connection mode, and a main shaft 1a of the micrometer screw 1 penetrates through the adjusting channel and abuts against the end part of the valve core 3;
the sleeve 6 is detachably arranged on the valve body 4, a pressure regulating channel coaxial with the inner cavity of the valve body 4 is arranged on the sleeve 6, an adjusting nut 8 is arranged at the outlet of the pressure regulating channel, the reset spring 7 is arranged in the pressure regulating channel, and two ends of the reset spring 7 are respectively supported on the valve core 3 and the adjusting nut 8.
The hydraulic slide valve internal leakage acoustic emission detection experimental device is further refined, and buffer damping pipelines are respectively arranged between the ball valve 12 and the leakage simulation device 16 and between the leakage simulation device 16 and the back pressure loading valve 19.
The experimental device for detecting the internal leakage acoustic emission of the hydraulic slide valve is further refined, the buffering and vibration reduction pipeline is made of a hydraulic hose, and the length of the hydraulic hose is not less than 5 m. The oil inlet and the oil outlet of the leakage simulation device are connected by a hydraulic hose (the length is more than or equal to 5m), so that the interference of vibration noise of a pump source and a valve on the acquisition of leakage acoustic emission signals can be effectively avoided.
Further refinement to aforesaid hydraulic slide valve internal leakage acoustic emission detection experimental apparatus still includes: a first filter 2 disposed between the first oil tank 1 and the hydraulic pump 4; a second filter 9 disposed between the hydraulic pump 4 and the check valve 10.
The application also provides a use method of the hydraulic slide valve internal leakage acoustic emission detection experimental device, which comprises the following steps:
s1, starting a hydraulic station and opening a temperature controller until the temperature is constant at 40 ℃ under the condition that an oil supply stop valve is closed;
s2, cleaning the valve sleeve and the valve core by using kerosene, and installing the leakage simulation device after confirming that the outer sealing rings in the valve sleeve and the valve core are intact;
s3, determining a zero position of the valve core, and recording the reading of the differential head at the moment;
s4, connecting, namely opening an oil supply stop valve, opening a valve port and draining air in a pipeline and the valve;
s5, closing the stop valve and the valve port, and collecting background signals;
s6, adjusting the sealing length to 2mm, adjusting the pressure to 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10MPa, collecting signals after the leakage amount is stable, and measuring the leakage amount by using a measuring cylinder or a flow sensor;
s7, adjusting the sealing length to 1.5mm, and repeating the step 6;
s8, adjusting the sealing length to 1mm, and repeating the step 6;
s9, adjusting the sealing length to 0.5mm, and repeating the step 6;
s10, adjusting the sealing length to 0mm, and repeating the step 6;
s11, after the hydraulic station is stopped, the oil supply stop valve is closed, the valve core is replaced, and the steps 1-10 are repeated under the conditions that the gap heights are 0.005mm, 0.01mm, 0.015mm and 0.02 mm.
Further refining the use method of the hydraulic slide valve internal leakage acoustic emission detection experimental device, in S5, when background signals are collected, under the condition that the pressure is 0MPa and the sealing length is 2mm, 3 groups of background signals are collected, wherein the background signals comprise space coupling and contact type acoustic emission signals; in S6, the pressure is measured by a test bed, the signal effectiveness is determined before the acquisition, each working condition is acquired for 3 times, and each time is acquired for 15 seconds at regular time;
the beneficial effects are that:
the device has the characteristics of high simulation degree, perfect functions, many adjustable parameters, high measurement precision, convenient operation and the like, and is very suitable for developing the analysis and verification experiment of the influence factors of the internal leakage quantity and the leakage acoustic emission signal of the hydraulic slide valve and the teaching experiment of the acoustic emission detection of the leakage quantity.
Based on this device, can expand slide valve internal leakage simulation and acoustic emission detection experiment under different pressure, the energy storage ware that sets up on the oil supply line has two effects: firstly, pressure pulsation generated during oil supply of an oil source is eliminated so as to keep pressure stable; and secondly, the oil supply of the hydraulic pump is stopped, the auxiliary oil source is used, the short-time oil supply of the leakage simulation device is realized in an extremely quiet environment, and the interference noise during acoustic emission detection is reduced to the maximum extent. The leakage quantity in the slide valve is very small, so the slide valve is measured by adopting a measuring cylinder and a flow sensor, more accurate and effective data information can be obtained by reasonably selecting a measuring mode and carrying out data comparison and analysis, and the switching of the measuring mode is realized by an electromagnetic directional valve.
Based on the device, simulation experiments can be carried out under the parameters of different valve core diameters, gap heights and sealing lengths, the change of the valve core diameters and the gap heights is realized by replacing the combination of the valve body and the valve core, and the change of the sealing lengths is realized by adjusting the micrometer screw heads on the leakage simulation device. The reset spring locking mechanism can lock the valve core after the sealing length is adjusted, so that the valve core is prevented from changing due to the action of hydraulic force.
Based on the device and the using method thereof, experimenters can conveniently and visually know the influence rule of each factor on the leakage acoustic emission signal and the relation between the acoustic emission signal and the leakage amount.
Based on the adjustable parameter setting function, sufficient acoustic emission data is accumulated to support the hydraulic slide valve internal leakage acoustic emission inspection study.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an acoustic emission testing device for detecting leakage in a hydraulic slide valve;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a leak simulator;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of an acoustic emission test for leakage in a hydraulic slide valve.
The reference numerals include:
1.5, 23, an oil tank 2, a first filter 9, a second filter 3, a motor 4, a hydraulic pump 6, a cooler 7, a temperature controller 8, an overflow valve 10, a one-way valve 11, an energy accumulator 12 and a ball valve
13. 18, a pressure sensor 14, a temperature sensor 15, an air coupling acoustic emission sensor 16, a leakage simulation device 17, a contact acoustic emission sensor 19, a back pressure loading valve 20, an electromagnetic directional valve 21, a flow sensor 22, a measuring cylinder 1a, a spiral micrometer head 2a, a stop block 3a, a valve core 4a, a valve body 5, an oil inlet 6a, a sleeve 7a, a return spring 8a, a locking nut 9a, an oil outlet
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
The utility model relates to a leak acoustic emission detection experimental apparatus in hydraulic slide valve, mainly used simulates the leakage state in the course of operation of hydraulic slide valve, and carry out the acoustic emission to the leakage condition under different parameters and condition and detect, so that teaching and experiment, help user or student's more audio-visual leakage principle and characteristics of connecting hydraulic slide valve, grasp acoustic emission detection technical principle and concrete operation process, show theoretical research content with the mode that can find out and hear the operatable, realize the real behaviour teaching of reproducible adjustable parameter setting simultaneously.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the basic structure of the hydraulic slide valve internal leakage acoustic emission detection experimental device comprises a constant-pressure oil supply system, a leakage simulation device, an air-coupled acoustic emission sensor 15 and a contact acoustic emission sensor 17;
the constant-pressure oil supply system comprises a first oil tank 1, a hydraulic pump 4, a one-way valve 10, an energy accumulator 11 and a ball valve 12 which are sequentially connected through a pipeline; the basic structures form an oil inlet structure of the experimental device, so that required fluid can be injected into the leakage simulation device, and the experimental device further comprises a back pressure loading valve 19 and an electromagnetic directional valve 20, wherein the inlet of the electromagnetic directional valve is connected to the back pressure loading valve 19; the structure forms an oil outlet structure of the leakage simulation device, wherein the electromagnetic directional valve 20 is provided with two outlets, one outlet is provided with a flow sensor 21, and the other outlet is provided with a measuring cylinder 22; because the leakage amount is very small, the detection is finished by utilizing two detection modes, so that more accurate data information can be conveniently acquired by adopting different modes or comparison according to needs.
The leakage simulator 16 is connected by a pipeline and arranged between the ball valve 12 and the back pressure loading valve 19; the leakage simulation device comprises a plurality of valve cores 3 with different diameters, a plurality of valve bodies 4 which can be combined with the valve cores 3 to form different gap heights, a return spring 7 positioned between the inner wall of the valve body 4 and the valve core 3, and a micrometer screw 1 fixed on the valve body 4; the reset spring 7 and the spiral micrometer head 1 are respectively positioned at two sides of the valve core 3; a main shaft 1a of the spiral micrometer head 1 is abutted against the end part of the valve core 3; the oil inlet 5 of the valve body 4 is connected to the ball valve 12, and the oil outlet 9 is connected to the back pressure loading valve 19.
To the further refinement of aforesaid hydraulic slide valve internal leakage acoustic emission detection experimental apparatus, still be provided with closed loop control by temperature change structure, include: the temperature controller 7 controlled by the oil temperature parameter of the oil inlet 5, the cooler 6 controlled by the temperature controller 7, and a branch which is led out by a pipeline between the hydraulic pump 4 and the one-way valve 10 and is connected to the cooler 6 through an overflow valve 8.
The leakage simulation device also comprises an oil inlet side pressure sensor 13 arranged on a pipeline between the ball valve 12 and the leakage simulation device 16; and an outlet-side pressure sensor 18 provided between the leakage simulator 16 and the back pressure application valve 19. The valve body 4 comprises a valve body, a stop block 2 and a sleeve 6 which are arranged on two sides of the valve body; the check block 2 is detachably arranged on the valve body 4, a measuring channel coaxial with the inner cavity of the valve body 4 is arranged on the check block 2, the end part of the micrometer screw 1 is clamped into or fixedly arranged in the adjusting channel in a threaded connection mode, and a main shaft 1a of the micrometer screw 1 penetrates through the adjusting channel and abuts against the end part of the valve core 3;
sleeve 6 detachable sets up on valve body 4, is equipped with the pressure regulating passageway coaxial with 4 inner chambers of valve body on the sleeve 6, and pressure regulating passageway exit is equipped with adjusting nut 8, and reset spring 7 locates in the pressure regulating passageway, and reset spring 7's both ends support respectively on case 3 and adjusting nut 8.
Damping lines are provided between the ball valve 12 and the leakage simulation device 16, and between the leakage simulation device 16 and the back pressure loading valve 19, respectively.
The buffering vibration reduction pipeline is made of a hydraulic hose, and the length of the hydraulic hose is not less than 5 m. The oil inlet and the oil outlet of the leakage simulation device are connected by a hydraulic hose (the length is more than or equal to 5m), so that the interference of vibration noise of a pump source and a valve member on the collection of leakage acoustic emission signals can be effectively avoided.
Further comprising: a first filter 2 disposed between the first oil tank 1 and the hydraulic pump 4; a second filter 9 disposed between the hydraulic pump 4 and the check valve 10.
The oil supply pipeline is provided with a closed-loop temperature controller, the oil return pipeline is provided with a back pressure valve, the internal leakage amount is measured in a manner of matching a measuring cylinder and a flow sensor, and the oil inlet and return pipeline is connected with a leakage simulation device through two long rubber hoses and can adjust three parameters such as oil temperature, inlet and outlet pressure and the like; the sliding valve internal leakage simulation device consists of a valve core, a valve body, a feeding mechanism and a resetting locking mechanism, a leakage flow passage between the valve core and the valve body is truly simulated, and three parameters such as the diameter of the valve core, the height of a gap, the sealing length and the like can be adjusted by replacing the valve body, the valve core and the feeding mechanism.
The device has the adjustable parameters as follows: oil temperature, inlet pressure, outlet pressure, spool diameter, clearance height and seal length; the temperature of the oil liquid can be adjusted within the range of 20-60 ℃, and the control precision is +/-1 ℃; the pressure of an inlet and an outlet of the sliding valve internal leakage simulation device is adjustable, the range is 0-10 MPa, and the precision is +/-0.5 MPa; the valve core and the valve sleeve of the leakage simulation device can be replaced, the diameter of the valve core is 10mm, 16mm and 20mm, and the height of the clearance is 0.005mm, 0.01mm, 0.015mm and 0.02 mm; the sealing length of the leakage simulation device is adjustable, the range is 0-2 mm, and the adjustment precision is +/-0.01 mm; the flow measurement needs to have higher precision, and a measuring cylinder and a high-precision flow sensor are matched for measurement, and the flow measurement range is 0.05L/min-10L/min; the detection range of the acoustic emission sensor is 20-100 kHz, the highest sampling frequency is 1MHz, the oil source and the leakage simulation device are connected through a hose, and the distance is more than or equal to 5 m.
The application also provides a use method of the hydraulic slide valve internal leakage acoustic emission detection experimental device, which comprises the following steps:
s1, starting a hydraulic station and opening a temperature controller until the temperature is constant at 40 ℃ under the condition that an oil supply stop valve is closed;
s2, cleaning the valve sleeve and the valve core by using kerosene, and installing the leakage simulation device after confirming that the outer sealing rings in the valve sleeve and the valve core are intact;
s3, determining a zero position of the valve core, and recording the reading of the differential head at the moment;
s4, connecting, namely opening an oil supply stop valve, opening a valve port, and draining air in a pipeline and the valve;
s5, closing the stop valve and the valve port, and collecting background signals;
when background signals are collected, 3 groups of background signals including air coupling and contact type acoustic emission signals are collected under the conditions that the pressure is 0MPa and the sealing length is 2 mm;
s6, adjusting the sealing length to 2mm, adjusting the pressure to 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10MPa, collecting signals after the leakage amount is stable, and measuring the leakage amount by using a measuring cylinder or a flow sensor; the pressure is measured by a test bed pressure gauge, the signal effectiveness is determined before the collection, each working condition is collected for 3 times, and each working condition is collected for 15 seconds at fixed time;
s7, adjusting the sealing length to 1.5mm, and repeating the step 6;
s8, adjusting the sealing length to 1mm, and repeating the step 6;
s9, adjusting the sealing length to 0.5mm, and repeating the step 6;
s10, adjusting the sealing length to 0mm, and repeating the step 6;
s11, after the hydraulic station is stopped, the oil supply stop valve is closed, the valve core is replaced, and the steps 1-10 are repeated under the conditions that the gap heights are 0.005mm, 0.01mm, 0.015mm and 0.02 mm.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The hydraulic slide valve internal leakage acoustic emission detection experimental device is characterized by comprising a constant-pressure oil supply system, a leakage simulation device, an air coupling acoustic emission sensor (15) and a contact acoustic emission sensor (17);
the constant-pressure oil supply system comprises a first oil tank (1), a hydraulic pump (4), a one-way valve (10), an energy accumulator (11) and a ball valve (12) which are sequentially connected through pipelines; the device also comprises a back pressure loading valve (19) and an electromagnetic directional valve (20) with an inlet connected to the back pressure loading valve (19);
wherein the electromagnetic directional valve (20) is provided with two outlets, one outlet is provided with a flow sensor (21), and the other outlet is provided with a measuring cylinder (22);
the leakage simulation device (16) is connected through a pipeline and arranged between the ball valve (12) and the back pressure loading valve (19);
the leakage simulation device comprises a plurality of valve cores (3a) with different diameters, a plurality of valve bodies (4a) which can be combined with the valve cores (3a) to form different gap heights, a return spring (7a) positioned between the inner wall of the valve body (4a) and the valve cores (3a), and a spiral micrometer head (1a) fixed on the valve body (4 a); the reset spring (7a) and the spiral micrometer head (1a) are respectively positioned at two sides of the valve core (3 a);
a main shaft (1b) of the spiral micrometer head (1a) is abutted against the end part of the valve core (3 a); an oil inlet (5a) of the valve body (4a) is connected to the ball valve (12a), and an oil outlet (9a) is connected to the back pressure loading valve (19);
still be provided with closed loop control by temperature change structure, include: the temperature controller (7) controlled by the oil temperature parameter of the oil inlet (5), the cooler (6) controlled by the temperature controller (7), and a branch which is led out by a pipeline between the hydraulic pump (4) and the one-way valve (10) and is connected to the cooler (6) through an overflow valve (8);
the operation of the cooler is controlled by a temperature controller, and the cooler is mainly used for controlling the oil temperature at the inlet of the leakage simulation device so as to avoid the oil temperature from influencing the experimental result, PID (proportion integration differentiation) control is adopted for controlling the temperature, the control object is the temperature of oil, temperature feedback is realized through a temperature sensor (14) arranged at the inlet of the leakage simulation device, and the cooler directly cools the hydraulic oil of the oil tank so as to realize the control of the temperature of the oil.
2. The acoustic emission testing apparatus for the internal leakage of the hydraulic slide valve according to claim 1, further comprising an oil inlet side pressure sensor (13) arranged on a pipeline between the ball valve (12) and the leakage simulator (16); and an outlet-side pressure sensor (18) provided between the leakage simulator (16) and the back pressure charging valve (19).
3. The acoustic emission testing device for the internal leakage of the hydraulic slide valve according to claim 1, wherein the valve body (4a) comprises a valve body, a stop block (2a) and a sleeve (6a) which are arranged on two sides of the valve body;
the check block (2a) is detachably arranged on the valve body (4a), the check block (2a) is provided with a measuring channel coaxial with the inner cavity of the valve body (4a), the end part of the micrometer screw head (1a) is clamped into or fixedly arranged in the adjusting channel in a threaded connection mode, and a main shaft (1b) of the micrometer screw head (1a) penetrates through the adjusting channel and abuts against the end part of the valve core (3 a);
sleeve (6a) detachable sets up on valve body (4a), is equipped with the pressure regulating passageway coaxial with valve body (4a) inner chamber on sleeve (6a), and pressure regulating passageway exit is equipped with lock nut (8a), and during pressure regulating passageway was located in reset spring (7a), the both ends of reset spring (7a) supported respectively on case (3a) and lock nut (8 a).
4. The acoustic emission testing device for the internal leakage of the hydraulic sliding valve according to claim 1, wherein a buffer damping pipeline is respectively arranged between the ball valve (12) and the leakage simulation device (16) and between the leakage simulation device (16) and the back pressure loading valve (19).
5. The acoustic emission testing device for the internal leakage of the hydraulic slide valve according to claim 4, wherein the buffering and damping pipeline is made of a hydraulic hose, and the length of the hydraulic hose is not less than 5 m.
6. The acoustic emission testing apparatus for detecting internal leakage of a hydraulic slide valve according to claim 1, further comprising: a first filter (2) arranged between the first oil tank (1) and the hydraulic pump (4); a second filter (9) disposed between the hydraulic pump (4) and the check valve (10).
7. The use method of the hydraulic slide valve internal leakage acoustic emission detection experimental device is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, starting a hydraulic station and opening a temperature controller until the temperature is constant at 40 ℃ when an oil supply stop valve (12) is closed;
s2, cleaning the valve sleeve and the valve core by using kerosene, and installing the leakage simulation device after confirming that the outer sealing rings in the valve sleeve and the valve core are intact;
s3, determining a zero position of the valve core, and recording the reading of the differential head at the moment;
s4, connecting, namely opening an oil supply stop valve (12), opening a valve port, and draining air in the pipeline and the valve;
s5, closing the stop valve and the valve port, and collecting background signals;
s6, adjusting the sealing length to 2mm, adjusting the pressure to 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10MPa, collecting signals after the leakage amount is stable, and measuring the leakage amount by using a measuring cylinder or a flow sensor;
s7, adjusting the sealing length to 1.5mm, and repeating the step 6;
s8, adjusting the sealing length to 1mm, and repeating the step 6;
s9, adjusting the sealing length to 0.5mm, and repeating the step 6;
s10, adjusting the sealing length to 0mm, and repeating the step 6;
s11, after the hydraulic station is stopped, the oil supply stop valve is closed, the valve core is replaced, and the steps 1-10 are repeated under the conditions that the gap heights are 0.005mm, 0.01mm, 0.015mm and 0.02 mm.
8. The use method of the acoustic emission testing apparatus for detecting leakage in hydraulic slide valve according to claim 7, wherein in step S5, when acquiring background signals, under the condition of pressure of 0MPa and sealing length of 2mm, acquiring 3 sets of background signals, including space coupling and contact acoustic emission signals; in S6, the pressure is based on the inlet pressure sensor (13) of the leakage simulator, the signal validity is determined before the collection, and each working condition is collected for 3 times, and each time is collected for 15 seconds at regular time.
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