CN112012803A - Operation method for optimized starting of steam turbine - Google Patents
Operation method for optimized starting of steam turbine Download PDFInfo
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- CN112012803A CN112012803A CN202010745557.3A CN202010745557A CN112012803A CN 112012803 A CN112012803 A CN 112012803A CN 202010745557 A CN202010745557 A CN 202010745557A CN 112012803 A CN112012803 A CN 112012803A
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- speed
- steam turbine
- oil pump
- top shaft
- shaft oil
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D19/00—Starting of machines or engines; Regulating, controlling, or safety means in connection therewith
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D19/00—Starting of machines or engines; Regulating, controlling, or safety means in connection therewith
- F01D19/02—Starting of machines or engines; Regulating, controlling, or safety means in connection therewith dependent on temperature of component parts, e.g. of turbine-casing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/002—Cleaning of turbomachines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/08—Cooling; Heating; Heat-insulation
- F01D25/10—Heating, e.g. warming-up before starting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/16—Arrangement of bearings; Supporting or mounting bearings in casings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/18—Lubricating arrangements
- F01D25/20—Lubricating arrangements using lubrication pumps
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Turbines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an operation method for optimized starting of a steam turbine, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps that (1) a steam turbine is firstly warmed up at a low speed, then is warmed up at a medium speed and then is warmed up at a high speed; during the warm-up period of the steam turbine at the medium speed, if the leakage of the top shaft oil pump system occurs, the warm-up is continued at the increased speed, but the leakage defect of the top shaft oil pump system is processed after the top shaft oil pump of the top shaft oil pump system is shut down. The invention effectively optimizes the starting operation, effectively realizes the seamless butt joint of the top shaft oil pump and the leakage of the main pipeline without reducing the rotating speed during the use, shortens the starting time of the unit, increases the generating load of the unit and creates benefits for enterprises.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steam turbine starting, in particular to an operation method for optimizing starting of a steam turbine.
Background
Before the cold starting speed of the steam turbine rises to 1300rpm, a top shaft oil pump needs to be started to operate, the starting speed rising needs 13 minutes, the grinding inspection at 500rpm needs 5 minutes, and the medium-low speed warming machine is warmed up for 40-50 minutes. The top shaft oil pump needs at least 58 minutes from cold start of the steam turbine to stop running, and accidents such as filter screen blockage at an inlet and an outlet, large crack leakage of pipeline vibration, pump body failure and the like can occur during the running of the top shaft oil pump at the time. The turbine needs to be stopped for processing, and the starting and grid connection of the turbine are influenced.
The present invention has been made in view of this situation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an operation method for the optimized start of a steam turbine, which aims to solve the problem that the existing steam turbine top shaft oil system does not perform shutdown operation when in fault in the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method of operating a steam turbine for optimized startup comprising:
the method comprises the following steps that (1) a steam turbine is firstly warmed up at a low speed, then is warmed up at a medium speed and then is warmed up at a high speed;
during the warm-up period of the steam turbine at the medium speed, if the leakage of the top shaft oil pump system occurs, the warm-up is continued at the increased speed, but the leakage defect of the top shaft oil pump system is processed after the top shaft oil pump of the top shaft oil pump system is shut down.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the medium-speed warm-up machine includes:
after the turbine is accelerated to 1000 +/-100 r/min, the turbine is warmed up for 40-50min, and the vibration value of the shafting of the unit is comprehensively checked to be within 0.03 mm.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the warming-up continuing at an increased speed if a tip-axle oil pump system leakage occurs includes:
judging whether a top shaft oil pump and/or a pipeline leaks during medium-speed warm-up;
if the top shaft oil pump and/or the pipeline are not leaked, continuously maintaining the original rotating speed for warming;
if the top shaft oil pump and/or the pipeline leaks, the steam turbine is continuously warmed up from the speed rise of 1000 +/-100 r/min to 1300 +/-100 r/min.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the tip oil pump system includes:
the top shaft oil pump does not form an oil film between the journal and the bearing if the rotating speed of the steam turbine is in a low-speed warm-up period, and the journal is in contact with the bearing; if the oil-free film exists, the rotor can shake when rotating;
the pipeline is communicated with the top shaft oil pump, the bearing and the bearing, and is used for conveying oil between the shaft diameter and the bearing so as to form an oil film;
when the high-temperature steam drives the rotor of the steam turbine to rotate, the rail outside the rotor drives the steel balls to roll, and the external acting efficiency of the rotor is improved.
As a further improvement of the invention, when the top shaft oil pump or the pipeline leaks, the heating-up is continued until the speed is increased to 1300 +/-100 r/min, and the top shaft oil pump is stopped to treat the defect of the leakage of the top shaft oil pump or the pipeline.
As a further improvement of the invention, the rotor and the rotating shaft are fixed in a mode that the cross-shaped inserting block is inserted into the cross-shaped inserting groove.
As a further improvement of the invention, a filter screen is arranged between the top shaft oil pump and the steam turbine, and the filter screen can block impurities in high-temperature steam entering the high-pressure cylinder, so that the damage of the steam turbine caused by the impurities entering the high-pressure cylinder is avoided.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the low-speed warming-up includes:
warming up for 5-8min after the speed of the steam turbine is increased to 500 +/-50 r/min;
the unit is comprehensively checked at 500 +/-50 r/min, after no abnormality is confirmed, the target rotating speed is set to be 1000 +/-100 r/min, the speed increasing rate is set to be 100 +/-10 r/min, and the steam turbine is heated up to 1000 +/-100 r/min at the medium speed.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the medium-speed warm-up machine includes:
after the speed of the steam turbine is increased to 1000 +/-100 r/min, warming up for 40-50min, and comprehensively checking that the vibration value of a set shafting is within 0.03 mm;
after the steam turbine is warmed up for 40-50min at the medium speed of 1000 +/-100 r/min, the comprehensive inspection is carried out, after no abnormality is confirmed, the target rotating speed is set to 2000 +/-100 r/min, the raising rate is set to be 100 +/-10 r/min, and the steam turbine is warmed up to 2000 +/-100 r/min at the medium speed.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the high-speed warming-up includes:
after the speed of the steam turbine is increased to 2000 +/-100 r/min, warming up for 35-45min, and comprehensively checking that the vibration value of a set shafting is within 0.03 mm;
after the high-speed warm-up is finished and the comprehensive inspection is carried out without abnormality, the target rotating speed of 3000 +/-100 r/min and the speed increasing rate of 100 +/-10 r/min are set, and the speed of the steam turbine is increased to the rated rotating speed by pressing a 'go' key.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the optimized starting operation method of the steam turbine provided by the invention has eleven steps of preparation, oil pump starting, brake hanging, target rotating speed, low-speed warming-up, speed increasing, medium-speed warming-up, speed increasing, high-speed warming-up, constant speed and use and grid connection, so that the operation and the control are effectively carried out.
2. The invention effectively optimizes the starting operation, effectively realizes the seamless butt joint of the top shaft oil pump and the leakage of the main pipeline without reducing the rotating speed during the use, shortens the starting time of the unit, increases the generating load of the unit and creates benefits for enterprises.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the method of operation of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating the operation of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a front view partial cross-sectional structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged side view, partially in section, of the facilitating attachment structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged side view of a first bearing according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is an enlarged partial sectional view of the filter structure according to the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. a base plate; 2. an exhaust chamber; 3. an air exhaust pipe orifice; 4. a high pressure cylinder; 5. a rotor; 6. a rotating shaft; 7. the connecting structure is convenient; 701. a cross insert block; 702. a cross slot; 703. a fixing hole; 704. fixing the bolt; 8. a first bearing; 9. a steam inlet; 10. a filter structure; 1001. filtering with a screen; 1002. a clamping block; 1003. a fixed seat; 1004. a card slot; 11. an intermediate pressure cylinder; 12. a low pressure cylinder; 13. a second bearing; 14. steel rings; 15. steel balls; 16. a track.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The turbine specifications specify: when the rotating speed of the steam turbine reaches 500rpm in the starting process, the rotating speed is maintained for 5 minutes for comprehensive inspection, the unit continues to increase the speed to 1000rpm for warming up after all the units are inspected to be normal, the warming up time is 40-50min in the period, the cylinder temperature needs to be higher than 140 ℃ to continue increasing the speed to 2000rpm, and the top shaft oil pump can be stopped when the rotating speed of the steam turbine is higher than 1300 rpm.
According to the requirements in the past operation experience and regulations, when the rotating speed of the steam turbine does not reach 1300rpm, the top shaft oil pump and the main pipeline are leaked, the starting operation of the steam turbine must be stopped, the rotating speed is reduced to zero, and the top shaft oil pump is stopped and then processed.
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the shutdown operation is not carried out when the steam turbine top shaft oil system has a fault, the purpose of maintenance without shutdown is achieved by controlling the rotating speed of the unit, the starting time of the unit is shortened, and the power generation load of the unit is increased. The optimized operation method comprises the following steps: when the rotating speed of the steam turbine reaches 1000rpm for warming up, the top shaft oil pump and the main pipeline are leaked, the speed is immediately increased to 1300rpm for maintaining operation, and the top shaft oil pump is stopped for leakage point treatment. The invention realizes the seamless butt joint of the top shaft oil pump and the leakage of the main pipeline without the stop of the rotating speed, shortens the starting time of the unit, increases the generating load of the unit and creates benefits for enterprises.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides an operation method for optimizing start-up of a steam turbine, including:
the method comprises the following steps that (1) a steam turbine is firstly warmed up at a low speed, then is warmed up at a medium speed and then is warmed up at a high speed;
during the warm-up period of the steam turbine at the medium speed, if the leakage of the top shaft oil pump system occurs, the warm-up is continued at the increased speed, but the leakage defect of the top shaft oil pump system is processed after the top shaft oil pump of the top shaft oil pump system is shut down.
And (3) intermediate-speed warm-up, comprising: after the turbine is accelerated to 1000 +/-100 r/min, the turbine is warmed up for 40-50min, and the vibration value of the shafting of the unit is comprehensively checked to be within 0.03 mm.
If the leakage of the jacking oil pump system occurs, the warming-up is continued at the speed increasing speed, and the method comprises the following steps: judging whether a top shaft oil pump and/or a pipeline leaks during medium-speed warm-up; if the top shaft oil pump and/or the pipeline are not leaked, continuously maintaining the original rotating speed for warming; if the top shaft oil pump and/or the pipeline leaks, the steam turbine is continuously warmed up from the speed rise of 1000 +/-100 r/min to 1300 +/-100 r/min.
Jackshaft oil pump system, including jackshaft oil pump, pipeline and high temperature steam, wherein: if the rotating speed of the steam turbine is in a low-speed warm-up period, the top shaft oil pump does not form an oil film between the journal and the bearing, and the journal is in contact with the bearing; if the oil-free film exists, the rotor can shake when rotating; the pipeline is communicated with the top shaft oil pump, the bearing and the bearing, and oil is conveyed between the shaft diameter and the bearing so as to form an oil film; when the high-temperature steam drives the rotor of the steam turbine to rotate, the rail outside the rotor drives the steel balls to roll, and the external acting efficiency of the rotor is improved.
When the top shaft oil pump or the pipeline leaks, the heating is continued until the speed rises to 1300 +/-100 r/min, and the top shaft oil pump is stopped to treat the leakage defect of the top shaft oil pump or the pipeline.
Referring to fig. 3-6, an operating system for optimally starting a steam turbine includes a bottom plate 1 and a low pressure cylinder 12, the low pressure cylinder 12 is fixedly connected to one side of the top end of the bottom plate 1, a second bearing 13 is arranged on one side of the inside of the low pressure cylinder 12, an intermediate pressure cylinder 11 is fixedly connected to the other side of the low pressure cylinder 12, an exhaust chamber 2 is arranged at the bottom of the front end of the low pressure cylinder 12, a high pressure cylinder 4 is fixedly connected to one side of the intermediate pressure cylinder 11, a steam inlet 9 is fixedly connected to the top end of the high pressure cylinder 4, a filtering structure 10 is arranged inside the steam inlet 9, an air exhaust pipe opening 3 is arranged at the front end of the high pressure cylinder 4, a first bearing 8 is arranged on one side of the inside of the high pressure cylinder 4, a rotor 5 is arranged between the first bearing 8 and the second bearing 13, a rotating shaft 6 is arranged on one side of the rotor 5, a connection; referring to fig. 3-6, the operation method for the optimized start-up of the steam turbine further includes an antifriction structure, the antifriction structure includes a steel ring 14, the steel ring 14 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the first bearing 8, the inner side wall of the steel ring 14 is movably connected with a steel ball 15, and the outer side wall of the steel ball 15 is fixedly connected with a rail 16; one end of the steel ball 15 penetrates into the steel ring 14, and the steel ball 15 is annularly distributed on the inner side wall of the steel ring 14; the other end of the steel ball 15 penetrates into the track 16, and the steel ball 15 is connected with the track 16 in a rolling manner.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3 and 5, when the high-temperature steam drives the rotor 5 to rotate, the rail 16 outside the rotor 5 drives the steel balls 15 to roll, and the steel ring 14 can enhance the structural strength of the first bearing 8, so that the friction between the rotor 5 and the inner side wall of the first bearing 8 can be greatly reduced, the rotor 5 can be driven conveniently, and the external work efficiency of the rotor 5 is improved.
The convenient connection structure 7 consists of a cross insertion block 701, a cross slot 702, a fixing hole 703 and a fixing bolt 704, wherein the cross insertion block 701 is fixedly connected to one side of the rotating shaft 6, the cross slot 702 is arranged inside one side of the rotor 5, the fixing hole 703 is arranged inside the cross slot 702, and the fixing bolt 704 penetrates through the fixing hole 703; the length and the width of the cross-shaped inserting block 701 are both smaller than those of the cross-shaped inserting groove 702;
in the embodiment of the invention, the rotor and the rotating shaft are fixed in a mode that the cross-shaped inserting block is inserted into the cross-shaped inserting groove. Specifically, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, when in use, the cross insert block 701 is inserted into the cross slot 702, and then the fixing bolt 704 is screwed into the fixing hole 703, so that the cross insert block 701 can be fixed inside the cross slot 702, and the rotor 5 and the rotating shaft 6 are fixedly connected, which is convenient for the rotor 5 to do work outwards, and is convenient to use.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the filter screen is arranged between the top shaft oil pump and the steam turbine, and the filter screen can block impurities in high-temperature steam entering the high-pressure cylinder, so that the damage of the steam turbine caused by the impurities entering the high-pressure cylinder is avoided. The filtering structure 10 consists of a filter screen 1001, a fixture block 1002, a fixed seat 1003 and a clamping groove 1004, wherein the filter screen 1001 is arranged inside the steam inlet 9, the fixture block 1002 is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the filter screen 1001, the fixed seat 1003 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the steam inlet 9, and the clamping groove 1004 is arranged inside one side of the fixed seat 1003; the fixture 1002 is embedded in the slot 1004, and the fixture 1002 and the slot 1004 form a sliding connection; specifically, as shown in fig. 3 and fig. 6, when using, through being provided with filter screen 1001, filter screen 1001 can block the impurity that gets into 4 inside high-temperature steam of high-pressure cylinder, avoids impurity to get into 4 inside of high-pressure cylinder, causes this steam turbine to appear damaging, and filter screen 1001 is fixed through the block structure between fixture block 1002 and the draw-in groove 1004, can be convenient for like this dismantle the clearance to filter screen 1001, can satisfy the needs that use.
The working principle of the structure is as follows: when the high-temperature steam generator is used, firstly, when the high-temperature steam drives the rotor 5 to rotate, the rail 16 outside the rotor 5 drives the steel balls 15 to roll, and the steel ring 14 can enhance the structural strength of the first bearing 8, so that the friction force between the rotor 5 and the inner side wall of the first bearing 8 can be greatly reduced, the rotor 5 can be driven conveniently, and the external work efficiency of the rotor 5 is improved. Afterwards, the cross-shaped insert block 701 is inserted into the cross-shaped slot 702, and then the fixing bolt 704 is screwed into the fixing hole 703, so that the cross-shaped insert block 701 can be fixed inside the cross-shaped slot 702, the rotor 5 and the rotating shaft 6 are fixedly connected, external work of the rotor 5 is facilitated, and the use is convenient. Finally, through being provided with filter screen 1001, filter screen 1001 can block the impurity in the inside high temperature steam of entering high pressure cylinder 4, avoids impurity to get into the inside of high pressure cylinder 4, causes this steam turbine to appear damaging, and filter screen 1001 passes through the block structure between fixture block 1002 and the draw-in groove 1004 fixed simultaneously, can be convenient for like this dismantle the clearance to filter screen 1001, can satisfy the needs that use.
More specifically, referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides an operation method for optimizing start-up of a steam turbine, where the operation method for optimizing start-up of a steam turbine includes:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing, reporting scheduling and obtaining permission after confirming that the preparation of the starting work of the steam turbine is complete, and informing and arranging each post personnel to prepare the steam turbine to rush;
step two: starting an oil pump, starting a high-pressure oil pump before a steam turbine is hung on a brake, stopping an alternating-current lubricating oil pump, checking the oil pressure of an inlet and an outlet of a main oil pump, and checking the lubricating oil pressure of a system;
step three: the method comprises the following steps of (1) hanging a brake, operating the hanging brake on the DEH to instruct the steam turbine to hang the brake, checking safety oil pressure establishment after the brake is hung, slowly opening an automatic main throttle to a full-open position within a pressure range, and checking that a rotor of the steam turbine has no flying-up phenomenon;
step four: the target rotating speed is set as DEH, the target rotating speed value is 500r/min, and the speed increasing rate is 100 r/min;
step five: warming up at a low speed, and warming up for a certain time when the speed of the steam turbine is increased to a specified value;
step six: raising the speed, fully checking the unit at 500r/min, setting a target rotating speed of 1000r/min and a raising speed rate of 100r/min after confirming no abnormity, raising the speed of the steam turbine to 1000r/min for medium-speed warming-up, wherein under a first-order critical rotating speed, the vibration of each bearing of the steam turbine should not exceed 0.03mm, when the critical rotating speed is passed, the vibration of each bearing should not exceed 0.1mm, otherwise, immediately opening a brake and stopping the machine;
step seven: warming up at medium speed, after the steam turbine rises to 1000r/min, warming up for 40-50min, comprehensively checking that the vibration value of a machine set shafting is within 0.03mm, continuously warming up when a top shaft oil pump and a pipeline leak during the medium speed warming up, and stopping the top shaft oil pump to treat the defects of the top shaft oil pump and the pipeline leak;
step eight: raising the speed, fully checking the unit after warming up at the medium speed of 1000r/min for 40-50min, setting a target rotating speed of 2000r/min and a raising rate of 100r/min after confirming that no abnormity exists, raising the speed of the steam turbine to 2000r/min for medium-speed warming up, wherein under the first-order critical rotating speed, the vibration of each bearing of the steam turbine should not exceed 0.03mm, when the critical rotating speed is passed, the vibration of each bearing should not exceed 0.1mm, otherwise, immediately opening a brake and stopping the machine;
step nine: warming up at a high speed, wherein after the steam turbine rises to 2000r/min, the warming up is carried out for 35-45min, the vibration value of a set shafting is comprehensively checked to be within 0.03mm, the high-speed warming up needs to pay attention to the temperature difference between an upper cylinder and a lower cylinder and the temperature rise rate, and the drainage is checked to be smooth;
step ten: after the high-speed warming-up is finished and no abnormality is detected comprehensively, setting a target rotating speed of 3000r/min on DEH and increasing the speed of the steam turbine to the rated rotating speed by pressing a progress key, wherein the target rotating speed is 100 r/min;
step eleven: and after the test is finished, a brake hanging instruction on the DEH is operated again, an automatic main throttle valve is opened, and the rotating speed of the steam turbine is increased to 3000r/min for grid connection. Through the eleven steps of preparation work, oil pump starting, brake hanging, target rotating speed, low-speed warming up, speed raising, medium-speed warming up, speed raising, high-speed warming up, fixed speed and use and grid connection, the use is effectively operated and controlled, the starting operation is effectively optimized, and when the device is used, seamless butt joint of leakage of a top shaft oil pump and a main pipeline is effectively realized when the device is stopped and processed without reducing the rotating speed, the starting time of a unit is shortened, the power generation load of the unit is increased, and benefits are created for enterprises.
It should be noted that: and step two, the oil pressure at the inlet of the main oil pump is checked to be 0.09-0.12 MPa, the oil pressure at the outlet of the main oil pump is checked to be 1.96-2.05 MPa, and the oil pressure of the system lubrication oil is checked to be 0.08-0.12 MPa. When the oil pressure safety device is used, the safety range of oil pressure is used, so that convenience is brought to personnel for checking, the use is safer, and the starting stability is effectively ensured.
And step three, checking the safety range of the oil pressure after the brake is hung to be 1.96-2.05 MPa. When the hydraulic control device is used, the oil pressure after the brake is hung is checked, so that the hydraulic control device is effectively controlled within the safety range of 1.96-2.05 MPa, the use safety is effectively ensured, and the use is convenient.
And step five, after the speed of the steam turbine is increased to 500r/min, warming up for 5 min. When the steam turbine is used, the steam turbine in the step five is warmed up, so that the use safety is effectively ensured, and the steam turbine is convenient to use.
The working principle is as follows: when the invention is used, according to the specific provisions in the steam turbine regulations: when the rotating speed of the steam turbine reaches 500rpm in the starting process, the rotating speed is maintained for 5 minutes for comprehensive inspection, the unit continues to increase the speed to 1000rpm for warming up after all the units are inspected to be normal, the warming up time is 40-50min in the period, the cylinder temperature needs to be higher than 140 ℃ to continue increasing the speed to 2000rpm, and the top shaft oil pump can be stopped when the rotating speed of the steam turbine is higher than 1300 rpm. And through the operation method steps of the optimized starting of the steam turbine, the accident problems of filter screen blockage at the inlet of the jacking oil pump, large crack leakage caused by pipeline vibration, pump body failure and the like are effectively solved.
The operation method for the optimized starting of the steam turbine comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing, reporting scheduling and obtaining permission after confirming that the preparation of the starting work of the steam turbine is complete, and informing and arranging each post personnel to prepare the steam turbine to rush;
step two: starting an oil pump, starting a high-pressure oil pump before a steam turbine is hung on a brake, stopping an alternating-current lubricating oil pump, checking the oil pressure of an inlet and an outlet of a main oil pump, and checking the lubricating oil pressure of a system;
step three: the method comprises the following steps of (1) hanging a brake, operating the hanging brake on the DEH to instruct the steam turbine to hang the brake, checking safety oil pressure establishment after the brake is hung, slowly opening an automatic main throttle to a full-open position within a pressure range, and checking that a rotor of the steam turbine has no flying-up phenomenon;
step four: the target rotating speed is set as DEH, the target rotating speed value is 500r/min, and the speed increasing rate is 100 r/min;
step five: warming up at a low speed, and warming up for a certain time when the speed of the steam turbine is increased to a specified value;
step six: raising the speed, fully checking the unit at 500r/min, setting a target rotating speed of 1000r/min and a raising speed rate of 100r/min after confirming no abnormity, raising the speed of the steam turbine to 1000r/min for medium-speed warming-up, wherein under a first-order critical rotating speed, the vibration of each bearing of the steam turbine should not exceed 0.03mm, when the critical rotating speed is passed, the vibration of each bearing should not exceed 0.1mm, otherwise, immediately opening a brake and stopping the machine;
step seven: warming up at medium speed, after the steam turbine rises to 1000r/min, warming up for 40-50min, comprehensively checking that the vibration value of a machine set shafting is within 0.03mm, continuously warming up when a top shaft oil pump and a pipeline leak during the medium speed warming up, and stopping the top shaft oil pump to treat the defects of the top shaft oil pump and the pipeline leak;
step eight: raising the speed, fully checking the unit after warming up at the medium speed of 1000r/min for 40-50min, setting a target rotating speed of 2000r/min and a raising rate of 100r/min after confirming that no abnormity exists, raising the speed of the steam turbine to 2000r/min for medium-speed warming up, wherein under the first-order critical rotating speed, the vibration of each bearing of the steam turbine should not exceed 0.03mm, when the critical rotating speed is passed, the vibration of each bearing should not exceed 0.1mm, otherwise, immediately opening a brake and stopping the machine;
step nine: warming up at a high speed, wherein after the steam turbine rises to 2000r/min, the warming up is carried out for 35-45min, the vibration value of a set shafting is comprehensively checked to be within 0.03mm, the high-speed warming up needs to pay attention to the temperature difference between an upper cylinder and a lower cylinder and the temperature rise rate, and the drainage is checked to be smooth;
step ten: after the high-speed warming-up is finished and no abnormality is detected comprehensively, setting a target rotating speed of 3000r/min on DEH and increasing the speed of the steam turbine to the rated rotating speed by pressing a progress key, wherein the target rotating speed is 100 r/min;
step eleven: and after the test is finished, a brake hanging instruction on the DEH is operated again, an automatic main throttle valve is opened, and the rotating speed of the steam turbine is increased to 3000r/min for grid connection.
Eleven steps are adopted, so that seamless butt joint of the top shaft oil pump and leakage of the main pipeline is realized without stopping the machine at a reduced speed, the starting time of the unit is shortened, the generating load of the unit is increased, and benefits are created for enterprises.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (10)
1. A method of operating a steam turbine for optimized startup, comprising:
the method comprises the following steps that (1) a steam turbine is firstly warmed up at a low speed, then is warmed up at a medium speed and then is warmed up at a high speed;
during the warm-up period of the steam turbine at the medium speed, if the leakage of the top shaft oil pump system occurs, the warm-up is continued at the increased speed, but the leakage defect of the top shaft oil pump system is processed after the top shaft oil pump of the top shaft oil pump system is shut down.
2. The operating method of claim 1, wherein the medium-speed warm-up machine comprises:
after the turbine is accelerated to 1000 +/-100 r/min, the turbine is warmed up for 40-50min, and the vibration value of the shafting of the unit is comprehensively checked to be within 0.03 mm.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein said increasing the speed to continue warming if a tip-axle oil pump system leak occurs comprises:
judging whether a top shaft oil pump and/or a pipeline leaks during medium-speed warm-up;
if the top shaft oil pump and/or the pipeline are not leaked, continuously maintaining the original rotating speed for warming;
if the top shaft oil pump and/or the pipeline leaks, the steam turbine is continuously warmed up from the speed rise of 1000 +/-100 r/min to 1300 +/-100 r/min.
4. The method of operation of any of claims 1-3, wherein the tip-axis oil pump system comprises:
the top shaft oil pump does not form an oil film between the journal and the bearing if the rotating speed of the steam turbine is in a low-speed warm-up period, and the journal is in contact with the bearing; if the oil-free film exists, the rotor can shake when rotating;
the pipeline is communicated with the top shaft oil pump, the bearing and the bearing, and is used for conveying oil between the shaft diameter and the bearing so as to form an oil film;
when the high-temperature steam drives the rotor of the steam turbine to rotate, the rail outside the rotor drives the steel balls to roll, and the external acting efficiency of the rotor is improved.
5. The operating method of claim 4, wherein the top shaft oil pump or the pipeline is raised to 1300 +/-100 r/min to continue warming up when leaking, and the top shaft oil pump is stopped to treat the top shaft oil pump or the pipeline leakage defect.
6. The operating method according to claim 4, wherein the rotor is fixed to the rotary shaft by inserting the cross insert into the cross slot.
7. The operating method according to claim 4, wherein a filter screen is disposed between the top shaft oil pump and the steam turbine, and the filter screen can block impurities in the high-temperature steam entering the inside of the high-pressure cylinder, so as to prevent the impurities from entering the inside of the high-pressure cylinder and causing damage to the steam turbine.
8. The operating method according to claim 1, wherein the slow warm-up includes:
warming up for 5-8min after the speed of the steam turbine is increased to 500 +/-50 r/min;
the unit is comprehensively checked at 500 +/-50 r/min, after no abnormality is confirmed, the target rotating speed is set to be 1000 +/-100 r/min, the speed increasing rate is set to be 100 +/-10 r/min, and the steam turbine is heated up to 1000 +/-100 r/min at the medium speed.
9. The operating method of claim 1, wherein the medium-speed warm-up machine comprises:
after the speed of the steam turbine is increased to 1000 +/-100 r/min, warming up for 40-50min, and comprehensively checking that the vibration value of a set shafting is within 0.03 mm;
after the steam turbine is warmed up for 40-50min at the medium speed of 1000 +/-100 r/min, the comprehensive inspection is carried out, after no abnormality is confirmed, the target rotating speed is set to 2000 +/-100 r/min, the raising rate is set to be 100 +/-10 r/min, and the steam turbine is warmed up to 2000 +/-100 r/min at the medium speed.
10. The method of operation of claim 1, wherein the high-speed warming-up comprises:
after the speed of the steam turbine is increased to 2000 +/-100 r/min, warming up for 35-45min, and comprehensively checking that the vibration value of a set shafting is within 0.03 mm;
after the high-speed warm-up is finished and the comprehensive inspection is carried out without abnormality, the target rotating speed of 3000 +/-100 r/min and the speed increasing rate of 100 +/-10 r/min are set, and the speed of the steam turbine is increased to the rated rotating speed by pressing a 'go' key.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115263449A (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2022-11-01 | 北京康吉森自动化科技有限公司 | Intelligent speed regulation control system of steam turbine set |
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