CN112012700A - Simulation system and simulation method for atomization, dilution and viscosity reduction of thick oil - Google Patents
Simulation system and simulation method for atomization, dilution and viscosity reduction of thick oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN112012700A CN112012700A CN201910393869.XA CN201910393869A CN112012700A CN 112012700 A CN112012700 A CN 112012700A CN 201910393869 A CN201910393869 A CN 201910393869A CN 112012700 A CN112012700 A CN 112012700A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
- E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids
- E21B43/122—Gas lift
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/166—Injecting a gaseous medium; Injecting a gaseous medium and a liquid medium
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B25/00—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B25/04—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes of buildings
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Abstract
The invention provides a simulation system for atomizing, diluting and viscosity reduction of thick oil, which comprises: a main tube including an outer tube and an inner tube concentrically disposed within the outer tube, an annular portion being formed between the outer tube and the inner tube; the oil gas atomization device is arranged on the main pipe and comprises a nozzle communicated with the annular part; the oil tank is communicated with the main pipe through connecting pipelines to form a closed circulating system; wherein the lower extreme entry of being responsible for with be equipped with the tubing pump between the oil tank, the atomizing liquid drop that oil gas atomizing device formed gets into the annular space part is down, and under the gas pressure effect with the viscous crude and the gas mixing of being responsible for the bottom form mixed liquid, and the mixed liquid that forms is along under the effect of pressure the inner tube is upwards lifted in order to carry out the gas lift exploitation to the process of simulation viscous crude atomizing gas lift exploitation. The invention also provides a simulation method for thick oil atomization, dilution and viscosity reduction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil extraction engineering, and particularly relates to a simulation system for thick oil atomization, dilution and viscosity reduction. The invention also relates to a simulation method for atomizing, diluting and reducing viscosity of the thick oil.
Background
With the development of national economy, the demand of China on petroleum is also rapidly increased. The crude oil import quantity of China is the second world, and the external dependence degree exceeds 60%. Oil production has become an important factor affecting national safety. However, the heavy oil in China accounts for 40% of the residual recoverable reserve of petroleum, so that the research and development of a new high-efficiency, environment-friendly and low-cost heavy oil recovery technology is very important. The heavy oil has low light component content and high colloid and asphaltene content. In addition, the viscosity of the thick oil is sensitive to temperature, the viscosity of the thick oil is obviously reduced along with the increase of the temperature of the thick oil, and the main mechanism of the thick oil thermal recovery is mainly based on the characteristic. However, the thick oil has high viscosity, large density and poor fluidity compared with conventional light crude oil. This not only increases the difficulty and cost of recovery of the heavy oil, but also reduces the ultimate recovery of the oil field. Therefore, the improvement of the thick oil fluidity becomes the key for solving the problem of thick oil exploitation.
In the prior art, a thick oil recovery technology is taken as an example of a method for thinning and viscosity reduction by blending in a Tahe oil field, namely, a hydraulic jet pump which takes thin oil as power liquid injects the thin oil into a shaft, and simultaneously injects gas into an inlet, and the thin oil and the gas are mixed with the thick oil at the bottom of the shaft under the action of pressure. After a proper amount of thin oil is mixed into the thick oil, the viscosity of the thick oil is obviously reduced, the density of the mixed liquid is reduced, and the circulation environment of a shaft can be improved.
However, thin and thick oil are mixed downhole by pumping action of the pump alone. When gas is not injected, the thickened oil is gathered into a cluster, the mixing process of the thickened oil and the thin oil is not obvious, and the mixing uniformity degree is low. When gas is injected, the gas generates an obvious stirring effect on the thick oil and the thin oil, but when the natural gas enters the oil pipe and is not uniformly mixed with the thick oil, gas channeling can be formed, so that the liquid production amount of the thick oil is smaller than the injected thin oil amount, and the gas lift efficiency is greatly reduced. In actual production, the economic benefit of viscosity reduction by injecting thin oil is poor. The technology has large demand on thin oil, the problem of insufficient supply of thin oil resources is frequently encountered in the production of blending the thin oil with the thick oil, and the blending of the thin oil with the thick oil has great influence on the quality of the thick oil and the thin oil. In addition, although the viscosity of the thick oil mixed solution is reduced by adopting the thin oil mixing method, the thin oil needs to be pretreated before being mixed, so that the energy consumption is increased to a certain extent. When thin oil and thick oil are mixed and transported outside the pipeline, the transportation amount is increased. Thin oil is also higher in price than thick oil. These all seriously affect the economic efficiency of heavy oil recovery.
At present, along with the popularization and application of the dilution and viscosity reduction technology, the problems are more and more obvious. In order to alleviate these problems, it is necessary to optimize the current dilution process reasonably, and the change of the flow regime of the dilution mixture needs to be observed and recorded for analysis. However, none of the existing wellbore simulation experiment devices can simulate the flow process of the atomized mixed fluid of the thin oil and the natural gas and the thick oil mixing wellbore. Therefore, a visual simulation experiment system for thick oil atomization, dilution and viscosity reduction is needed to guide the atomization, dilution and viscosity reduction exploitation of a thick oil field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of at least some of the above technical problems, the present invention is directed to a simulation system for thick oil atomization dilution and viscosity reduction, which can combine an adjustable oil gas atomization device with a wellbore flow simulation, form atomized droplets through the oil gas atomization device, and simulate the blending and flowing process of a mixture of thin oil droplets, natural gas and thick oil in a wellbore, so as to simulate the process of thick oil atomization gas lift recovery.
The invention also provides a simulation method for thick oil atomization, dilution and viscosity reduction.
Therefore, the invention provides a simulation system for atomizing, diluting and viscosity reducing of thick oil, which comprises: the main pipe comprises an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder concentrically arranged in the outer cylinder, and an annular part is formed between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder; the oil gas atomization device is arranged at the upper end of the side wall of the main pipe and comprises a nozzle which is arranged on the side wall of the outer barrel and communicated with the annular part; the oil tank is communicated with the main pipe and is respectively communicated with the upper end and the lower end of the main pipe through connecting pipelines to form a closed circulating system; wherein, be responsible for the lower extreme entry with be equipped with the tubing pump between the oil tank, pour into oil gas atomizing device's gas and thin oil form the atomizing liquid drop and follow the nozzle blowout, in order to get into the annular space part is down, and under gaseous pressure effect with be responsible for the bottom come from the viscous crude and the gaseous mixing of oil tank and form mixed liquid, the mixed liquid that forms can be in under the effect of tubing pump and gas pressure along the inner tube is upwards lifted in order to carry out gas lift exploitation to the process of simulation viscous crude atomizing gas lift exploitation.
In a preferred embodiment, a first check valve and a second check valve are respectively arranged at the communication port of the connecting pipeline close to the main pipe, and the first check valve and the second check valve are respectively used for controlling the flow direction of the mixed liquid and the thick oil in the oil tank.
In a preferred embodiment, the oil gas atomization device comprises a liquid inlet and a gas inlet, and the oil gas atomization device is configured to adjust the injection angle and the injection pressure of the nozzle so as to form atomized liquid droplets with different particle sizes.
In a preferred embodiment, pressure sensors are provided on the inner walls of the nozzle and the outer barrel for measuring the pressure drop in the annulus.
In a preferred embodiment, the outer cylinder is made of transparent material, and a camera is erected on the side of the main pipe and can shoot the process and the form of atomized liquid drops descending and being mixed with thick oil through the outer cylinder.
In a preferred embodiment, the connecting pipelines are connected through flanges, and the connecting pipelines are connected with the main pipe through reducing flanges.
In a preferred embodiment, the system further comprises a measurement system for measuring and analyzing the particle size distribution of the atomized droplets formed by the oil and gas atomization device.
In a preferred embodiment, a liquid injection port is arranged above the oil tank, a liquid outlet is arranged below the oil tank, and the liquid injection port and the liquid outlet are both provided with reducing interfaces.
A simulation method for thick oil atomization, dilution and viscosity reduction uses the simulation system, and comprises the following steps:
opening the first check valve and the second check valve to enable thick oil in the oil tank to be injected into the bottom of the main pipe, and closing the first check valve until the thick oil liquid level at the bottom of the main pipe is equal to the thick oil liquid level in the oil tank;
starting the oil gas atomization device and injecting gas and thin oil into the oil gas atomization device respectively to form atomized liquid drops which are sprayed out from the nozzle and enter the annular part;
the formed atomized liquid drops descend in the annular part and are mixed with the thick oil and the gas from the oil tank at the bottom of the main pipe under the action of gas pressure to form mixed liquid;
and starting the pipeline pump to enable the formed mixed liquid to be lifted upwards along the inner cylinder under the action of the pipeline pump and gas pressure so as to carry out gas lift exploitation, thereby simulating the process of thick oil atomization gas lift exploitation.
In a preferred embodiment, the gas is natural gas, and equal volumes of natural gas and thin oil are injected into the oil and gas atomization device.
Drawings
The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 schematically shows the structure of a simulation system for thick oil atomization, dilution and viscosity reduction according to the invention.
In the present application, the drawings are all schematic and are used only for illustrating the principles of the invention and are not drawn to scale.
Detailed Description
The invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be noted that directional terms or limitations used in the present application, such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc., refer to fig. 1 as a reference. They are not intended to limit the absolute positions of the parts involved, but may vary from case to case.
Fig. 1 schematically shows the structure of a simulation system 100 for atomizing, diluting and viscosity reducing thick oil according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the simulation system 100 includes a master pipe 110, and the master pipe 110 is a main body of the simulation system 100. The main pipe 110 is vertically arranged perpendicular to a horizontal plane, the main pipe 110 comprises a plurality of sections of fixedly connected outer cylinders 111 and a plurality of sections of fixedly connected inner cylinders 112, and the inner cylinders 112 are concentrically arranged inside the outer cylinders 111. In one embodiment, the adjacent outer cylinders 111 and the adjacent inner cylinders 112 are fixedly connected by flanges. The inner cylinder 112 has a diameter smaller than that of the outer cylinder 111, thereby forming an annular portion 113 between the inner cylinder 112 and the outer cylinder 111.
In this embodiment, the inner cylinder 112 is a sleeve made of stainless steel. The outer cylinder 111 is made of transparent material, and preferably, the outer cylinder 111 is made of a sleeve made of transparent PVC material.
As shown in fig. 1, an oil gas atomizing device 120 is provided at an upper end of a side wall of the main pipe 110. The oil gas atomization device 120 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the outer cylinder 111 and is communicated with the annular portion 113. The hydrocarbon atomizing device 120 includes a body portion and a nozzle 122 connected to one end (left end in fig. 1) of the body portion, the nozzle 122 communicating with the annular portion. Thus, the nozzle 122 and the annular portion 113 form an atomizing zone for atomizing the mixture of the oil and gas. And the lower end of the annular portion of the main pipe 110 is a blending section for mixing thin oil, gas and thick oil. The inner cylinder 112 serves as a lifting section for lifting a mixed solution formed by fully mixing thin oil, gas and thick oil. The main body portion is provided with a liquid inlet 123 and a gas inlet 124 for injecting a thin oil and a gas, respectively. In one embodiment, the gas is natural gas. A rotary valve for controlling the flow rate of the nozzle is connected to the other end (right end in fig. 1) of the main body portion. The adjustment of the rotary valve can control the injection angle and the injection pressure of the nozzle 122, so as to realize atomization of the thin oil to different degrees.
In accordance with the present invention, one embodiment of the oil and gas atomization device 120 may be found, for example, in a patent application entitled "an adjustable oil and gas atomization device" filed on even date by the same applicant and incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
In accordance with the present invention, a number of pressure sensors 126 are provided within the main tube 110 and within the nozzle 122. As shown in fig. 1, pressure sensors 126 are disposed on the inner wall of the nozzle 122 and spaced apart on the inner wall of the outer barrel 111 for measuring the pressure at different locations within the atomizing zone. In one embodiment, a plurality of openings are provided in the wall of the outer barrel 111 for receiving the pressure sensors 126. To prevent the pressure sensor 126 from slipping off after installation, the pressure sensor 126 is coated with a release-preventing compound on its threaded portion before installation. The pressure sensor 126 performs data acquisition via a control acquisition system (not shown) associated therewith. During operation, the pressure sensor 126 converts the pressure signal into an electrical signal, and then converts the electrical signal into a pressure signal indicating the measurement point, thereby measuring the pressure drop across the main pipe 110. The atomization effect of the thin oil in the atomization section can be controlled, and therefore the effect of a simulation experiment can be improved.
As shown in fig. 1, the simulation system 100 further includes an oil tank 130 for storing thick oil, the oil tank 130 being horizontally disposed. A lower portion of one end (right end in fig. 1) of the oil tank 130 is communicated with the lower end of the main pipe 110 through one connecting pipe, and an upper portion of the other end (left end in fig. 1) of the oil tank 130 is communicated with the upper end of the main pipe 110 through several connecting pipes, thereby forming a circulation passage that can be closed. The direction indicated by the arrows within the inner barrel 112 and connecting conduits in fig. 1 is the direction of flow of the atomized droplets within the inner barrel 112 and connecting conduits. In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the oil tank 130 is connected to a plurality of connecting pipes between the upper ends of the main pipes 110, and is arranged in a vertical section parallel to the main pipes 110 and a horizontal section parallel to the oil tank.
In this embodiment, adjacent connecting pipes are fixedly connected by flanges, and the connecting pipes and the main pipe 110 are fixedly connected by reducing flanges. The connection mode between the connecting pipe and the main pipe 110 can not only ensure the stability of the connection, but also effectively ensure the sealing performance of the connection, thereby ensuring the sealing performance of the simulation system 100.
In one embodiment, a liquid injection port 131 is provided above the oil tank 130, and two symmetrically disposed liquid outlet ports 132 are provided below the oil tank 130. The liquid injection port 131 and the liquid outlet 132 are both provided with a reducing interface, the liquid injection port 131 is connected with the oil injection pipe through the reducing interface so as to inject thick oil into the oil tank 130, and the liquid outlet 132 is connected with the oil drainage pipe through the reducing interface so as to drain the liquid in the oil tank 130.
According to the present invention, a pipe pump 140 is provided on a connection pipe between the lower end of the main pipe 110 and the oil tank 130, and the pipe pump 140 is used to pump thick oil in the oil tank 130 into a mixing section of the lower end of the main pipe 110, thereby activating a circulation passage. Meanwhile, a first check valve 142 and a second check valve 144 are respectively provided at the communication ports of the connection pipes near the upper end and the lower end of the main pipe 110, and the directions of the first check valve 142 and the second check valve 144 in the circulation passage are set to be the same. The first check valve 142 is used for controlling the flow direction of a mixed liquid formed after the thin oil, the gas and the thick oil in the mixing section are fully mixed, and the second check valve 144 is used for controlling the flow direction of the thick oil in the oil tank, so that the lifting direction of the mixed liquid is controlled to be consistent with the flow direction of the thick oil.
In the simulation experiment process, the natural gas and the thin oil injected into the oil gas atomization device 120 form atomized liquid drops, then enter the annular part 113 through the nozzle 122 and descend along the annular part 113, the atomized liquid drops are fully mixed with the natural gas and the thick oil from the oil tank 130 at the bottom of the main pipe 110 under the action of gas pressure to form mixed liquid, and the formed mixed liquid is lifted upwards along the inner cylinder 112 under the action of the pipeline pump 140 and the gas pressure to perform gas lift exploitation, so that the process of thick oil atomization gas lift exploitation is simulated.
As shown in fig. 1, a camera 150 is installed on the side of the main pipe 110 corresponding to the atomizing section, and the camera 150 is used for capturing the process and form of the atomized liquid droplets descending and being mixed with the thick oil. Preferably, the camera 150 employs a high-speed camera. Because the outer cylinder 111 adopts a transparent sleeve, the camera 150 can clearly shoot and capture the process and the form that the atomized liquid drops downwards gather and then form a liquid film and the process and the form mixed with the thickened oil through the outer cylinder 111, so that the accuracy of experimental data is improved, and the experimental effect is improved.
According to the present invention, the movement of the atomized droplets formed by the oil and gas atomization device 120 within the annular portion 113 satisfies the governing equation:
wherein, taurIs the relaxation time of the droplets or particles,
in the form of a continuous gas phase velocity,
for discrete droplet phase velocity, ρ is the density of the continuous phase, ρpIs the density of the discrete terms and is,
in order to be the acceleration of the gravity,
is the unit add-on force and t is time.
The control equation satisfied by droplet break-up is:
wherein F is the external force to which the atomized droplets are subjected, and x0Is the displacement of a single droplet about to break up into two droplets, mpIs the mass of the droplet, where k is the stiffness coefficient of the droplet and dpIs the droplet diameter.
In accordance with the present invention, the simulation system 100 further includes a measurement system 160 for measuring and analyzing the particle size distribution of the atomized droplets ejected through the nozzle 122 of the oil and gas atomization device 120. Preferably, the measurement system 160 employs a Malvern measurement system. When the measuring system 160 works, the detachable oil gas atomization device 120 is firstly detached from the main pipe 110. The outlet of the nozzle 122 is then placed in the measurement section of the measurement system 120. Thereafter, natural gas and thin oil are injected through gas inlet 124 and liquid inlet 123, respectively, whereby atomized droplets are formed under pressure. The atomized droplets passing through the measurement section of the measurement system 160 may be measured and displayed on-line in real time on a computer connected to the instrument to show the particle size distribution of the atomized droplets ejected from the nozzle 122. The particle size distribution of atomized liquid drops under different working conditions can be measured by the measuring system 160 by adjusting different gas-liquid ratios and pressures. Therefore, the atomized liquid drops with the best atomization effect can be obtained through analysis according to the measurement result, and the oil gas atomization device 120 is adjusted to obtain ideal atomized liquid drops, so that the precision and the effect of the experiment are improved.
The following briefly describes the simulation method for atomizing, diluting and viscosity reducing the thick oil according to the invention. The simulation method includes the following steps.
First, the first check valve 142 and the second check valve 144 are opened, and the thick oil is filled into the oil tank 130 through the filling port 131 above the oil tank 130. At this time, the thick oil in the blending section at the bottom of the main pipe 110 has the same pressure as the thick oil in the oil tank 130 and has the same height as the liquid level based on the principle of the communicating vessel.
Thereafter, the first check valve 142 is closed while the second check valve 144 is kept open, and the oil and gas atomization device 120 is activated to inject natural gas and thin oil into the gas inlet 124 and the liquid inlet 123, respectively. In one embodiment, the natural gas and the thin oil are injected into the oil and gas atomization device 120 at equal volumes as measured by a coriolis flowmeter. The rotary valve at the tail of the oil atomizer 120 is then adjusted to control the spray angle and pressure of the nozzle 122, so that the thin oil forms atomized droplets of different degrees. The oil gas atomization device 120 obtains ideal atomized liquid drops according to actual requirements, and the ideal atomized liquid drops are sprayed out of the nozzle 122 and enter the annular part 113.
The atomized droplets formed by the oil and gas atomizer 120 then travel down the annular portion 113 under the influence of the high pressure natural gas. Meanwhile, the high-pressure natural gas acts on the thick oil at the bottom of the main pipe 110, which is communicated with the oil tank 130, so that the natural gas stirs the thick oil, the liquid surface of the thick oil rolls over, and atomized liquid drops moving downwards along the annular portion 113 are wrapped by the natural gas, the thin oil and the thick oil, so that the natural gas, the thin oil and the thick oil are fully mixed in the mixing section at the bottom of the main pipe 110 to form a mixed liquid. Because the liquid hydrocarbons are similarly compatible, the atomized droplets and the natural gas effectively reduce the viscosity of the mixed liquor, thereby improving the fluidity of the mixed liquor.
Thereafter, the first check valve 142 is kept closed, and the second check valve 144 is kept open, and the line pump 140 is turned on. Therefore, the mixed liquid formed in the mixing section flows downstream and upward along the inner cylinder 112 under the action of the pipeline pump 140 and the pressure of high-pressure natural gas to carry out gas lift exploitation, so that the process of thick oil atomization gas lift exploitation is simulated.
According to the invention, in the atomized liquid drop descending process and the natural gas and thin oil and thick oil blending process, the high-speed camera erected beside the main pipe 110 shoots and captures the atomized liquid drop descending process and the atomized liquid drop blending form for the later image processing.
At the end of the simulation experiment, water and air are respectively injected through the liquid inlet 123 and the air inlet 124 of the oil gas atomization device 120, so that the water is filled in the annular portion 113, and then the liquid outlet 132 and the pipeline pump 140 of the oil tank 130 are opened, so that the liquid in the simulation system 100 is circularly discharged, the cleaning of the whole simulation system 100 is facilitated, and the next repeated experiment is facilitated. Therefore, the simulation system 100 for atomizing, diluting and viscosity reducing the thick oil can be repeatedly used.
In addition, because the main pipe 110 is tall, the simulation system 100 further includes a movable fixing frame (not shown) for the operator to perform the experiment operation. In the specific experimental operation process, an operator needs to climb onto the movable fixing frame to adjust the rotary valve of the oil gas atomization device 120 and fixedly connect the liquid inlet 123 and the gas inlet 124 with the liquid inlet pipeline and the gas inlet pipeline. Meanwhile, the stability of the main pipe 110 in the whole simulation experiment can be effectively ensured through the movable fixing frame.
According to the simulation system 100 for thick oil atomization, dilution and viscosity reduction of the thick oil, the adjustable oil gas atomization device is combined with the shaft flow simulation, so that the simulation system can simulate the three-phase mixing and flowing process of the thick oil after the natural gas and the thin oil liquid drops are uniformly mixed, and can obtain the motion distribution of the internal atomized particles and the flowing form of the thin oil liquid drops, and therefore, the atomized liquid drops can be qualitatively and quantitatively measured and analyzed to obtain the effect of atomization, dilution and viscosity reduction of the thick oil injected with the natural gas. Thus, the process of heavy oil atomization gas lift recovery is simulated. The simulation system 100 breaks up the thin oil through the oil gas atomization device and mixes the thin oil with the gas phase to form atomized liquid drops, and then the atomized liquid drops are mixed with the thick oil, so that the viscosity of the thick oil is reduced, the mobility of the thick oil mixed liquid is improved, and the gas lift exploitation efficiency of the thick oil is improved. The simulation system 100 can observe the descending process of the uniformly mixed thin oil droplets and natural gas and the process of mixing with thick oil in real time through the camera, so that the condition of the internal flow field of the annular shaft in the field gas injection, dilution and viscosity reduction exploitation process of the large-scale thick oil field can be simulated, and effective guidance can be provided for the field exploitation of the oil field. In addition, the simulation system 100 is small in size, simple to operate, convenient to clean, reusable, high in visualization precision and capable of being widely applied to research on natural gas injection dilution atomization exploitation of a heavy oil well.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described in the foregoing examples, or that equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A analog system for thick oil atomization is mixed thin viscosity reduction, its characterized in that includes:
a vertically arranged main tube (110) including an outer cylinder (111) and an inner cylinder (112) concentrically disposed within the outer cylinder, an annular portion (113) being formed between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder;
the oil gas atomization device (120) is arranged at the upper end of the side wall of the main pipe and comprises a nozzle (122) which is arranged on the side wall of the outer barrel and communicated with the annular part;
an oil tank (130) communicated with the main pipe, the oil tank being respectively communicated with the upper end and the lower end of the main pipe through connecting pipes to form a closed circulation passage;
the oil gas atomization device is characterized in that a pipeline pump (140) is arranged between the lower end inlet of the main pipe and the oil tank, gas and thin oil injected into the oil gas atomization device form atomized liquid drops and are sprayed out from the nozzle to enter the annular part and move downwards, the gas and the thick oil and the gas from the oil tank at the bottom of the main pipe are mixed under the pressure action of the gas to form mixed liquid, and the formed mixed liquid can be lifted upwards along the inner cylinder under the action of the pipeline pump and the gas pressure to perform gas lift exploitation, so that the process of thick oil atomization gas lift exploitation is simulated.
2. The simulation system according to claim 1, wherein a first check valve (142) and a second check valve (144) are respectively provided at the communication ports of the connection pipes near the main pipe, and the first check valve and the second check valve are respectively used for controlling the flow direction of the mixed liquid and the thick oil in the oil tank.
3. The simulation system of claim 1, wherein the oil and gas atomization device comprises an inlet port (123) and an inlet port (124), and the oil and gas atomization device is configured to adjust an injection angle and an injection pressure of the nozzle to form atomized droplets of different sizes.
4. A simulation system according to claim 1 or 3, wherein pressure sensors (126) are provided on the inner walls of the nozzle and the outer cylinder for measuring the pressure drop in the annulus portion.
5. The simulation system according to claim 1, wherein the outer cylinder is made of transparent material, and a camera (150) is erected on the side of the main pipe, and the camera can shoot the process and the form of atomized liquid drops descending and being mixed with thick oil through the outer cylinder.
6. The simulation system of claim 1, wherein the connecting pipelines are connected by flanges, and the connecting pipelines are connected with the main pipe by reducing flanges.
7. The simulation system of claim 1, further comprising a measurement system (160) for measuring and analyzing a particle size distribution of atomized droplets formed by the oil and gas atomization device.
8. The simulation system according to claim 1, wherein a liquid injection port (131) is arranged above the oil tank, a liquid outlet (132) is arranged below the oil tank, and the liquid injection port and the liquid outlet are both provided with variable-diameter interfaces.
9. Simulation method for atomization, dilution and viscosity reduction of thick oil, characterized in that the simulation system according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is used, comprising the following steps:
opening the first check valve and the second check valve to enable thick oil in the oil tank to be injected into the bottom of the main pipe, and closing the first check valve until the thick oil liquid level at the bottom of the main pipe is equal to the thick oil liquid level in the oil tank;
starting the oil gas atomization device and injecting gas and thin oil into the oil gas atomization device respectively to form atomized liquid drops which are sprayed out from the nozzle and enter the annular part;
the formed atomized liquid drops descend in the annular part and are mixed with the thick oil and the gas from the oil tank at the bottom of the main pipe under the action of gas pressure to form mixed liquid;
and starting the pipeline pump to enable the formed mixed liquid to be lifted upwards along the inner cylinder under the action of the pipeline pump and gas pressure so as to carry out gas lift exploitation, thereby simulating the process of thick oil atomization gas lift exploitation.
10. The simulation method of claim 9, wherein the gas is natural gas and equal volumes of natural gas and diluent oil are injected into the oil and gas atomization device at equal flow rates.
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