CN112012254A - Pile foundation comprehensive detection method based on unloading point method - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种桩基检测领域，具体涉及一种基于卸载点法的桩基综合检测方法，能够实现桩基承载力与桩身完整性检测。The invention relates to the field of pile foundation detection, in particular to a comprehensive detection method of pile foundation based on an unloading point method, which can realize the detection of the bearing capacity of the pile foundation and the integrity of the pile body.
背景技术Background technique
桩基础是桥梁工程中最主要的基础形式之一，桩基础承载力是否满足设计要求关系到桥梁结构的安全。目前桩基础承载力检测主要包括静载荷试验法和高应变动测法两种主要方法。静载荷试验法是目前公认的检测基桩竖向抗压承载力最直接、最可靠的试验方法，但该测试方法需要通过堆载或者锚桩加载，加之桩基承载力大，施工环境恶劣，检测时间长及检测费用高，有很大的应用局限性。高应变动测法是一种间接获得桩基承载力的方法，该试验方法快捷轻便，与静载荷试验法相比费用较低，但与静载荷试验法相比，对承载力的评估误差较大，可靠性较低。The pile foundation is one of the most important foundation forms in bridge engineering. Whether the bearing capacity of the pile foundation meets the design requirements is related to the safety of the bridge structure. At present, the bearing capacity testing of pile foundation mainly includes two main methods: static load test method and high strain measurement method. The static load test method is currently recognized as the most direct and reliable test method for testing the vertical compressive bearing capacity of foundation piles. The detection time is long and the detection cost is high, which has great application limitations. The high-strain test method is a method to indirectly obtain the bearing capacity of the pile foundation. This test method is fast and light, and the cost is lower than that of the static load test method. However, compared with the static load test method, the evaluation error of the bearing capacity is larger. Less reliable.
现阶段，卸载点法桩基检测方法是基于炸药的静动法桩基检测技术中的一种分析方法，该方法由于理论简明清晰，在静动法桩基检测中经常使用。由于炸药技术危险程度高，在我国大陆地区静动法桩基检测技术并没有被大规模使用。静动法桩基检测设备的卸载点法桩基检测技术比较适用于砂土中的中短桩桩基检测，对于黏土中的桩基承载力检测或中长桩桩基检测仍需根据土体环境与经验累积进行综合性判断，方测试出得出桩基承载力。At this stage, the unloading point method of pile foundation detection is an analysis method in the static and dynamic pile foundation detection technology based on explosives. This method is often used in static and dynamic pile foundation detection because of its concise and clear theory. Due to the high degree of danger of explosive technology, static and dynamic pile foundation detection technology has not been used on a large scale in mainland China. The unloading point method pile foundation detection technology of static and dynamic pile foundation detection equipment is more suitable for the detection of short and medium pile foundations in sandy soil. The environment and experience accumulation are comprehensively judged, and the bearing capacity of the pile foundation can be obtained by testing.
速载法桩基检测设备是基于静动法桩基检测设备的不足研发的新型桩基检测设备，它有效地规避了静动法桩基检测设备需要爆炸技术进行检测的缺点，同时又兼有静动法桩基检测的伪静载检测特性，有效地提高了桩基检测效率与检测质量。The quick-load method pile foundation detection equipment is a new type of pile foundation detection equipment developed based on the shortcomings of the static and dynamic method pile foundation detection equipment. The pseudo-static load detection characteristics of static and dynamic pile foundation detection can effectively improve the pile foundation detection efficiency and detection quality.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明提供一种基于卸载点法的桩基综合检测方法，通过利用低应变基桩检测技术、基于速载法桩基设备的卸载点法基桩检测技术以及高应变基桩检测技术，以对受检基桩的完整性与承载力进行综合性分析，以期能够准确地进行受检基桩性能综合性评价。The invention provides a comprehensive detection method of pile foundation based on the unloading point method. By using the low-strain foundation pile detection technology, the unloading point method foundation pile detection technology based on the quick-load method pile foundation equipment and the high-strain foundation pile detection technology, The integrity and bearing capacity of the inspected foundation piles are comprehensively analyzed, in order to accurately evaluate the comprehensive performance of the inspected foundation piles.
为实现上述的技术目的，本发明将采取如下的技术方案：For realizing the above-mentioned technical purpose, the present invention will take the following technical scheme:
一种基于卸载点法的桩基综合检测方法，先利用低应变基桩检测技术对受检基桩开展桩基检测，进行受检桩基完整性的初步判断，给出受检桩基病害位置；然后分别采用高应变基桩检测技术与基于速载法桩基设备的卸载点法基桩检测技术对受检基桩进行桩基检测，其中高应变基桩检测技术通过力行波曲线得出受检桩基的第一种p-y曲线，卸载点法基桩检测技术通过位移时程曲线、加速度时程曲线、力时程曲线得出受检桩基的第二种p-y曲线，比较两种p-y曲线综合得出受检桩基承载力，继而结合受检桩基经低应变基桩检测技术检测后所判断出的病害位置与位移时程曲线、加速度时程曲线、力时程曲线、力行波曲线，能够分析得到所述病害位置处的病害类型，输出相应受检基桩完整性与承载力综合性评价。A comprehensive detection method of pile foundation based on the unloading point method. First, the low-strain foundation pile detection technology is used to carry out the pile foundation detection of the inspected foundation pile, and the preliminary judgment of the integrity of the inspected pile foundation is carried out, and the position of the inspected pile foundation disease is given. Then, the high-strain foundation pile detection technology and the unloading point-based pile detection technology based on the quick-load method pile foundation equipment are respectively used to detect the pile foundation of the inspected foundation piles. The first kind of p-y curve of the pile foundation, the unloading point method pile detection technology obtains the second kind of p-y curve of the pile foundation under inspection through the displacement time history curve, acceleration time history curve and force time history curve, and compares the two p-y curves The bearing capacity of the tested pile foundation is comprehensively obtained, and then the disease position and displacement time-history curve, acceleration time-history curve, force time-history curve, and force traveling wave curve determined by the low-strain foundation pile detection technology of the tested pile foundation are combined. , can analyze and obtain the disease type at the disease location, and output the comprehensive evaluation of the integrity and bearing capacity of the corresponding inspected foundation pile.
一种基于卸载点法的桩基综合检测方法，具体包括以下步骤：A method for comprehensive detection of pile foundations based on the unloading point method, specifically comprising the following steps:
（1）通过基桩场地地勘资料、设计资料与场地条件，开展检测设备进场方案设计；检测设备包括速载法桩基检测设备以及高应变检测装置；(1) Carry out the design of the testing equipment approach scheme based on the foundation pile site geological survey data, design data and site conditions; the testing equipment includes the quick-load method pile foundation testing equipment and high-strain testing devices;
（2）利用基桩地勘资料与设计资料，进行载重预估和检测设备装配准备，开展检测方案设计；(2) Using the foundation pile geological survey data and design data, carry out the load estimation and test equipment assembly preparation, and carry out the test plan design;
（3）根据检测设备进场方案与检测方案，安排检测设备进场，调试检测设备；(3) Arrange the inspection equipment to enter the field and debug the inspection equipment according to the inspection equipment approach plan and inspection plan;
（4）根据受检基桩类型，依据现行规范对受检基桩进行低应变基桩检测，以进行受检桩基病害初步判断，给出受检桩基病害位置；(4) According to the type of the inspected foundation pile, according to the current specification, the low-strain foundation pile is tested on the inspected foundation pile, so as to make a preliminary judgment of the inspected pile foundation disease and give the inspected pile foundation disease location;
（5）根据检测方案，按照卸载点法的桩基检测原理，采用速载法桩基检测设备在受检桩基的桩头进行桩基检测，得到相应的位移时程曲线、加速度时程曲线与力时程曲线；(5) According to the detection plan, according to the pile foundation detection principle of the unloading point method, the pile foundation detection equipment of the rapid load method is used to perform the pile foundation detection at the pile head of the tested pile foundation, and the corresponding displacement time-history curve and acceleration time-history curve are obtained. and force time-history curve;
（6）根据受检桩基类型，依据现行规范采用高应变检测装置对受检桩基进行桩基检测，得到相应的力行波曲线；(6) According to the type of the tested pile foundation, according to the current specification, the high strain detection device is used to test the tested pile foundation, and the corresponding force traveling wave curve is obtained;
（7）根据步骤（5）得到的位移时程曲线、加速度时程曲线与力时程曲线以及步骤（6）得到的力行波曲线，结合步骤（4）判断出的受检桩基病害位置，综合分析出受检桩基病害位置处的具体病害类型，输出相应受检基桩完整性与承载力综合性评价。(7) According to the displacement time-history curve, acceleration time-history curve and force time-history curve obtained in step (5) and the force traveling wave curve obtained in step (6), combined with the position of the inspected pile foundation disease determined in step (4), Comprehensively analyze the specific disease types at the position of the inspected pile foundation disease, and output the comprehensive evaluation of the integrity and bearing capacity of the corresponding inspected foundation pile.
优选地，步骤（5）中，采用速载法桩基检测设备在受检桩基的桩头进行桩基检测时，至少重复检测3次；然后求取平均值，以作为受检桩基的检测数据。Preferably, in step (5), when using the quick-loading method pile foundation detection equipment to perform the pile foundation detection at the pile head of the tested pile foundation, the detection is repeated at least 3 times; Test data.
优选地，步骤（2）中，开展检测方案设计时，对于按照卸载点法的桩基检测原理、采用速载法桩基检测设备在受检桩基的桩头进行桩基检测这一检测方案，需要针对受检桩基所处相应土体环境进行土工试验，得出相应的土体分类与土体性质，并针对各层液塑限进行相应精细化检测：液塑限检测抽样频率保证在同类土体中不低于1个/m，且不同类土体中抽样不少于3个/层。Preferably, in step (2), when carrying out the design of the detection scheme, for the detection scheme of detecting the pile foundation at the pile head of the tested pile foundation by using the pile foundation detection equipment of the quick-load method according to the pile foundation detection principle of the unloading point method , it is necessary to carry out geotechnical tests for the corresponding soil environment where the tested pile foundation is located to obtain the corresponding soil classification and soil properties, and carry out corresponding refined testing for the liquid-plastic limit of each layer: the sampling frequency of liquid-plastic limit testing is guaranteed to be within No less than 1/m2 in the same type of soil, and no less than 3/layer in different types of soil.
优选地，所述的速载法桩基检测设备，包括支撑装置、提升释放装置、导向装置、载重、速载法桩基检测信号系统；其中：Preferably, the fast-loading method pile foundation detection equipment includes a support device, a lifting release device, a guiding device, a load, and a fast-loading method pile foundation detection signal system; wherein:
所述的导向装置，一端与支撑装置固定，另一端悬置；One end of the guide device is fixed with the support device, and the other end is suspended;
所述的提升释放装置，动力输出端与载重连接；In the lifting and releasing device, the power output end is connected with the load;
所述的速载法桩基检测信号系统，包括速载法缓冲装置、力传感器、加速度传感器以及位移传感器；The quick-load method pile foundation detection signal system includes a quick-load method buffer device, a force sensor, an acceleration sensor and a displacement sensor;
所述的载重，能够沿着导向装置的导向而进行竖直方向的滑动，并悬置在速载法缓冲装置上方；The load can slide vertically along the guide of the guide device, and is suspended above the quick-load method buffer device;
力传感器与加速度传感器均布置在受检桩基的桩头，位移传感器布置在受检桩基的桩侧；速载法缓冲装置能够沿着导向装置的导向进行竖直方向的伸缩，并位于载重下方，能够通过力传感器、加速度传感器始终贴紧待检桩基的庄头；Both the force sensor and the acceleration sensor are arranged on the pile head of the tested pile foundation, and the displacement sensor is arranged on the pile side of the tested pile foundation. Below, the force sensor and acceleration sensor can always stick to the head of the pile foundation to be inspected;
载重在提升释放装置的动力作动下落至速载法缓冲装置时，速载法桩基信号检测系统开始采集相应力、位移与加速度信号，当载重反弹至与速载法缓冲装置脱离时，速载法桩基信号检测系统的数据采集结束，速载法桩基信号检测系统在时间段t内的力、位移与加速度信号对应形成了力时程曲线、位移时程曲线与加速度时程曲线；时间段t指载重下落至速载法缓冲装置时刻与载重反弹至脱离速载法缓冲装置时刻之间的时间间隔。When the load falls to the quick-load method buffer device under the power actuation of the lifting and release device, the quick-load method pile foundation signal detection system starts to collect the corresponding force, displacement and acceleration signals. The data collection of the pile foundation signal detection system of the load method is completed, and the force, displacement and acceleration signals of the fast load method pile foundation signal detection system in the time period t form the force time history curve, the displacement time history curve and the acceleration time history curve; The time period t refers to the time interval between the moment when the load falls to the quick-loading method buffer device and the moment when the load rebounds and leaves the quick-loading method buffer device.
优选地，所述的导向装置，沿着中心部位设置竖向布置的导向滑槽，载重、速载法缓冲装置均与导向滑槽可滑动连接。Preferably, the guide device is provided with a vertically arranged guide chute along the central part, and both the load-carrying and quick-load buffer devices are slidably connected to the guide chute.
优选地，将步骤（5）中所采用速载法桩基检测设备的速载法桩基检测信号系统拆除更换为高应变检测信号系统、高应变检测缓冲装置，从而构成步骤（6）中所需的高应变检测装置，即可对受检基桩进行高应变桩基检测。Preferably, the fast-loading method pile foundation detection signal system of the fast-loading method pile foundation detection equipment used in step (5) is removed and replaced with a high-strain detection signal system and a high-strain detection buffer device, thereby forming the high-strain detection signal system in step (6). If the required high strain detection device is required, the high strain pile foundation detection can be carried out on the tested foundation piles.
根据上述的技术方案，相对于现有技术，可知：According to the above-mentioned technical scheme, with respect to the prior art, it can be known that:
本发明所述的桩基综合检测方法，利用了三种检测技术，分别为：低应变基桩检测技术、基于速载法桩基设备的卸载点法基桩检测技术以及高应变基桩检测技术。因此，提升了桩基完整性无损检测的检测精度，为无损检测中判断桩基病害具体类型提供了依据。另外，本发明可以提高的动测桩基承载力检测精度，通过对比高应变与卸载点法检测数据综合得出桩基承载力，综合检测精度较高应变检测精度可提高10%。The comprehensive detection method for pile foundations of the present invention utilizes three detection technologies, namely: low-strain foundation pile detection technology, unloading point method foundation pile detection technology based on quick-load method pile foundation equipment, and high-strain foundation pile detection technology . Therefore, the detection accuracy of non-destructive testing of pile foundation integrity is improved, which provides a basis for judging the specific types of pile foundation diseases in non-destructive testing. In addition, the present invention can improve the detection accuracy of dynamic pile foundation bearing capacity, and comprehensively obtain the pile foundation bearing capacity by comparing the detection data of high strain and unloading point method, and the strain detection accuracy can be improved by 10% with higher comprehensive detection accuracy.
若速载法检测设备采用分体式速载法桩基检测装置，与高应变相比基本未增加检测工作量，基桩检测简单、实用。If the quick-load method detection equipment adopts the split type quick-load method pile foundation detection device, the detection workload is basically not increased compared with the high strain, and the foundation pile detection is simple and practical.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1给出卸载点法的桩基综合检测法中速载法桩基检测装置示意图；Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of the pile foundation detection device of the quick-load method in the comprehensive detection method of the pile foundation by the unloading point method;
图2给出卸载点法的桩基综合检测法中的高应变桩基检测装置示意图；Figure 2 shows the schematic diagram of the high-strain pile foundation detection device in the pile foundation comprehensive detection method of the unloading point method;
图中：1为支撑装置；2为导向装置；3为载重；4为速载法桩基检测信号系统；5为提升释放装置；6为高应变检测信号系统，7为高应变检测缓冲装置。In the figure: 1 is the supporting device; 2 is the guiding device; 3 is the load; 4 is the fast-loading method pile foundation detection signal system; 5 is the lifting release device; 6 is the high-strain detection signal system, and 7 is the high-strain detection buffer device.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。同时，应当明白，为了便于描述，附图中所示出的各个部分的尺寸并不是按照实际的比例关系绘制的。对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为授权说明书的一部分。在这里示出和讨论的所有示例中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它示例可以具有不同的值。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The relative arrangement of components and steps, expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that, for the convenience of description, the dimensions of various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the authorized description. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific value should be construed as illustrative only and not as limiting. Accordingly, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values.
为了便于描述，在这里可以使用空间相对术语，如“在……之上”、“在……上方”、“在……上表面”、“上面的”等，用来描述如在图中所示的一个器件或特征与其他器件或特征的空间位置关系。应当理解的是，空间相对术语旨在包含除了器件在图中所描述的方位之外的在使用或操作中的不同方位。例如，如果附图中的器件被倒置，则描述为“在其他器件或构造上方”或“在其他器件或构造之上”的器件之后将被定位为“在其他器件或构造下方”或“在其他器件或构造之下”。因而，示例性术语“在……上方”可以包括“在……上方”和“在……下方”两种方位。该器件也可以其他不同方式定位(旋转90度或处于其他方位)。For ease of description, spatially relative terms, such as "on", "over", "on the surface", "above", etc., may be used herein to describe what is shown in the figures. The spatial positional relationship of one device or feature shown to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "over" other devices or features would then be oriented "below" or "over" the other devices or features under other devices or constructions". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can encompass both an orientation of "above" and "below." The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations).
本发明公开了一种基于卸载点法的桩基综合检测方法，先利用低应变基桩检测技术对受检基桩开展桩基检测，进行受检桩基完整性的初步判断，给出受检桩基病害位置；然后分别采用高应变基桩检测技术与基于速载法桩基设备的卸载点法基桩检测技术对受检基桩进行桩基检测，其中高应变基桩检测技术通过力行波曲线得出受检桩基的第一种p-y曲线，卸载点法基桩检测技术通过位移时程曲线、加速度时程曲线、力时程曲线得出受检桩基的第二种p-y曲线，比较两种p-y曲线综合得出受检桩基承载力，继而结合受检桩基经低应变基桩检测技术检测后所判断出的病害位置与位移时程曲线、加速度时程曲线、力时程曲线、力行波曲线，能够分析得到所述病害位置处的病害类型，输出相应受检基桩完整性与承载力综合性评价。具体地，包括以下步骤：The invention discloses a comprehensive detection method for pile foundations based on an unloading point method. First, a low-strain foundation pile detection technology is used to carry out pile foundation detection on an inspected foundation pile, then a preliminary judgment on the integrity of the inspected pile foundation is performed, and an inspected pile foundation is given. The position of the pile foundation damage; then the high strain foundation pile detection technology and the unloading point method foundation pile detection technology based on the rapid loading method pile foundation equipment are respectively used to detect the pile foundation of the inspected foundation piles. The high strain foundation pile detection technology uses the force traveling wave. The curve obtains the first p-y curve of the tested pile foundation, and the unloading point method pile detection technology obtains the second p-y curve of the tested pile foundation through the displacement time history curve, the acceleration time history curve, and the force time history curve. The two p-y curves are combined to obtain the bearing capacity of the tested pile foundation, and then combined with the disease position and displacement time-history curve, acceleration time-history curve, and force time-history curve determined by the low-strain foundation pile detection technology of the tested pile foundation , force traveling wave curve, can analyze and obtain the disease type at the disease position, and output the comprehensive evaluation of the integrity and bearing capacity of the corresponding tested foundation pile. Specifically, it includes the following steps:
（1）进行场地与桩基信息收集，与建设、设计、施工单位完成技术交底，得到检测场地地勘资料与桩基设计资料，同时校核现场桩基几何尺寸。通过基桩场地地勘资料、设计资料与场地条件，开展检测设备进场方案设计；检测设备包括速载法桩基检测设备以及高应变检测装置。(1) Collect site and pile foundation information, complete technical disclosure with construction, design, and construction units, obtain inspection site geological survey data and pile foundation design data, and check the geometric dimensions of the site pile foundation. Based on the geological survey data, design data and site conditions of the foundation pile site, the design of the testing equipment approach is carried out; the testing equipment includes the fast-loading method pile foundation testing equipment and high-strain testing devices.
（2）利用基桩地勘资料与设计资料，进行载重预估和检测设备装配准备，开展检测方案设计；(2) Using the foundation pile geological survey data and design data, carry out the load estimation and test equipment assembly preparation, and carry out the test plan design;
此步骤中，开展检测方案设计时，对于按照卸载点法的桩基检测原理、采用速载法桩基检测设备在受检桩基的桩头进行桩基检测这一检测方案，需要针对受检桩基所处相应土体环境进行土工试验，得出相应的土体分类与土体性质，并针对各层液塑限进行相应精细化检测：液塑限检测抽样频率保证在同类土体中不低于1个/m，且不同类土体中抽样不少于3个/层。In this step, when carrying out the design of the detection scheme, for the detection scheme of the pile foundation detection at the pile head of the pile foundation under inspection by the pile foundation detection principle of the unloading point method and the pile foundation detection equipment of the quick load method, it is necessary to test the pile foundation of the pile foundation under inspection. Geotechnical tests are carried out in the corresponding soil environment where the pile foundation is located, and the corresponding soil classification and soil properties are obtained, and the corresponding fine detection is carried out for the liquid-plastic limit of each layer: the sampling frequency of liquid-plastic limit detection is guaranteed to be different in the same kind of soil. Less than 1 piece/m, and no less than 3 pieces/layer are sampled from different types of soil.
（3）根据检测设备进场方案与检测方案，安排检测设备进场，调试检测设备；(3) Arrange the inspection equipment to enter the field and debug the inspection equipment according to the inspection equipment approach plan and inspection plan;
（4）根据受检基桩类型，依据现行规范对受检基桩进行低应变基桩检测，以进行受检桩基病害初步判断，给出受检桩基病害位置；(4) According to the type of the inspected foundation pile, according to the current specification, the low-strain foundation pile is tested on the inspected foundation pile, so as to make a preliminary judgment of the inspected pile foundation disease and give the inspected pile foundation disease location;
（5）根据检测方案，按照卸载点法的桩基检测原理，采用速载法桩基检测设备在受检桩基的桩头进行桩基检测，得到相应的位移时程曲线、加速度时程曲线与力时程曲线；(5) According to the detection plan, according to the pile foundation detection principle of the unloading point method, the pile foundation detection equipment of the rapid load method is used to perform the pile foundation detection at the pile head of the tested pile foundation, and the corresponding displacement time-history curve and acceleration time-history curve are obtained. and force time-history curve;
此步骤中，采用速载法桩基检测设备在受检桩基的桩头进行桩基检测时，至少重复检测3次；然后求取平均值，以作为受检桩基的检测数据，可以提高检测精度。In this step, when using the quick-loading method pile foundation detection equipment to detect the pile foundation at the pile head of the tested pile foundation, repeat the detection for at least 3 times; Detection accuracy.
另外，此步骤中，所采用的速载法桩基检测设备，如图1所示，包括支撑装置1、提升释放装置5、导向装置2、载重3、速载法桩基检测信号系统4；其中：In addition, in this step, the adopted quick-load method pile foundation detection equipment, as shown in FIG. 1 , includes a
所述的支撑装置可以为桁架/钢架构成，用于承担检测装置重量。The supporting device can be composed of a truss/steel frame, which is used to bear the weight of the detection device.
所述的导向装置，用于载重导向，使载重顺利锤击在桩头；一端与支撑装置固定，另一端悬置。附图中，所述的导向装置，沿着中心部位设置竖向布置的导向滑槽，载重、速载法缓冲装置均与导向滑槽可滑动连接。The guiding device is used to guide the load, so that the load can be hammered on the pile head smoothly; one end is fixed with the support device, and the other end is suspended. In the drawings, the guide device is provided with vertically arranged guide chutes along the central part, and the load-carrying and quick-load buffer devices are both slidably connected to the guide chutes.
所述的提升释放装置，主要用于载重提升与释放，动力输出端与载重连接；The lifting and releasing device is mainly used for lifting and releasing the load, and the power output end is connected with the load;
所述的速载法桩基检测信号系统，包括速载法缓冲装置、力传感器、加速度传感器以及位移传感器；The quick-load method pile foundation detection signal system includes a quick-load method buffer device, a force sensor, an acceleration sensor and a displacement sensor;
所述的载重，能够沿着导向装置的导向而进行竖直方向的滑动，并悬置在速载法缓冲装置上方；The load can slide vertically along the guide of the guide device, and is suspended above the quick-load method buffer device;
力传感器与加速度传感器均布置在受检桩基的桩头，位移传感器布置在受检桩基的桩侧；速载法缓冲装置能够沿着导向装置的导向进行竖直方向的伸缩，并位于载重下方，能够通过力传感器、加速度传感器始终贴紧待检桩基的庄头；Both the force sensor and the acceleration sensor are arranged on the pile head of the tested pile foundation, and the displacement sensor is arranged on the pile side of the tested pile foundation. Below, the force sensor and acceleration sensor can always stick to the head of the pile foundation to be inspected;
载重在提升释放装置的动力作动下落至速载法缓冲装置时，速载法桩基信号检测系统开始采集相应力、位移与加速度信号，当载重反弹至与速载法缓冲装置脱离时，速载法桩基信号检测系统的数据采集结束，速载法桩基信号检测系统在时间段t内的力、位移与加速度信号对应形成了力时程曲线、位移时程曲线与加速度时程曲线；时间段t指载重下落至速载法缓冲装置时刻与载重反弹至脱离速载法缓冲装置时刻之间的时间间隔。When the load falls to the quick-load method buffer device under the power actuation of the lifting and release device, the quick-load method pile foundation signal detection system starts to collect the corresponding force, displacement and acceleration signals. The data collection of the pile foundation signal detection system of the load method is completed, and the force, displacement and acceleration signals of the fast load method pile foundation signal detection system in the time period t form the force time history curve, the displacement time history curve and the acceleration time history curve; The time period t refers to the time interval between the moment when the load falls to the quick-loading method buffer device and the moment when the load rebounds and leaves the quick-loading method buffer device.
（6）根据受检桩基类型，依据现行规范采用高应变检测装置在受检桩基的桩头进行桩基检测，得到相应的力行波曲线；(6) According to the type of the tested pile foundation and according to the current specification, the high strain detection device is used to carry out the pile foundation detection at the pile head of the tested pile foundation, and the corresponding force traveling wave curve is obtained;
所述的高应变检测装置通过以下方式组建：将步骤（5）中所采用速载法桩基检测设备的速载法桩基检测信号系统4拆除更换为高应变检测信号系统6、高应变检测缓冲装置7，从而构成步骤（6）中所需的高应变检测装置，如图2所示，即可对受检基桩进行高应变桩基检测。The high-strain detection device is constructed in the following manner: the rapid-load method pile foundation
（7）根据步骤（5）得到的位移时程曲线、加速度时程曲线与力时程曲线以及步骤（6）得到的力行波曲线，结合步骤（4）判断出的受检桩基病害位置，综合分析出受检桩基病害位置处的具体病害类型，输出相应受检基桩完整性与承载力综合性评价。(7) According to the displacement time-history curve, acceleration time-history curve and force time-history curve obtained in step (5) and the force traveling wave curve obtained in step (6), combined with the position of the inspected pile foundation disease determined in step (4), Comprehensively analyze the specific disease types at the position of the inspected pile foundation disease, and output the comprehensive evaluation of the integrity and bearing capacity of the corresponding inspected foundation pile.
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| CN117825187A (en) * | 2024-02-28 | 2024-04-05 | 中交公路长大桥建设国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Pile foundation detection system and detection method based on falling weight static and dynamic method |
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