CN112010471A - Sewage treatment device and method - Google Patents
Sewage treatment device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112010471A CN112010471A CN201910462044.9A CN201910462044A CN112010471A CN 112010471 A CN112010471 A CN 112010471A CN 201910462044 A CN201910462044 A CN 201910462044A CN 112010471 A CN112010471 A CN 112010471A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/725—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation by catalytic oxidation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/467—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction
- C02F1/4672—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction by electrooxydation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/74—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with air
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/101—Sulfur compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/10—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from quarries or from mining activities
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a sewage treatment device and a method, wherein the device comprises a closed reaction tower; the water inlet assembly is communicated with the reaction tower and pumps the sulfur-containing sewage into the reaction tower; the air catalytic oxidation assembly is arranged in the middle of the reaction tower and is used for carrying out air catalytic oxidation primary desulfurization on the sewage; the electrocatalytic oxidation component is arranged at the bottom of the reaction tower and is used for carrying out electrocatalytic oxidation deep desulfurization on the sewage; and wherein, the bottom of the reaction tower is provided with a water outlet, and the top of the reaction tower is provided with a tail gas collecting device. The method is implemented according to the device. The invention fully combines the desulfurization characteristics of the air catalytic oxidation technology and the electrocatalytic oxidation technology, and can realize the high-efficiency, quick and low-cost desulfurization treatment of the high-sulfur-content sewage of the oil-gas field.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sewage treatment device, in particular to a treatment device for high-sulfur-content sewage in an oil and gas field. The invention also relates to a sewage treatment method.
Background
With the continuous exploitation of oil and gas fields and the continuous improvement of development technologies, the yield of produced water is continuously increased. The produced water has complex water quality, contains inorganic salts, organic substances and microorganisms in various stratums, and artificially added oil and gas field development chemical agents, and usually also contains multiphase sulfur compounds, such as gaseous hydrogen sulfide, dissolved sulfate, non-soluble elemental sulfur and the like. The produced water treatment difficulty is high due to the factors, particularly the desulfurization process is complex, and the desulfurization cost is high.
Sulfides in the produced water and Fe2+Formation of FeS or Fe (OH)2The mud scale causes corrosion to equipment and pipelines, and the mud scale can block pipelines and oil layers to cause reservoir damage and increase the difficulty of water injection. The residual sulfide in the water body can promote the reproduction of sulfate reducing bacteria, metabolize organic sulfur to generate inorganic sulfide, increase the corrosivity of the water body, blacken and stink the water body, cause the poisoning of organisms in the water and seriously affect the ecology. Therefore, there is a need for desulfurization treatment of produced water.
At present, the treatment methods of sulfur-containing sewage mainly comprise a gas stripping method/air stripping method, an alkali liquor absorption method, a coagulating sedimentation method, an oxidation method, an electrochemical desulfurization method, a biological treatment method and the like. The gas stripping method can treat the high-sulfur sewage, but the effluent has high sulfur content and still needs to be further treated, the effluent has large fluctuation in practical engineering application, and a gas stripping tower is easy to block. The alkali liquor absorption method, the coagulating sedimentation method and the chemical oxidation method depend on chemical reaction, so that a large amount of medicament is consumed when the sulfur content is high, and the secondary pollution problems of waste liquid, waste sludge and the like are caused; the air oxidation method has a slow reaction rate, generally adopts the addition of catalysts such as quinone compounds, manganese salts, iron salts, copper salts and the like, increases the reaction temperature to accelerate the reaction rate, and has the problems of long reaction time and large energy consumption; advanced oxidation methods, such as wet air oxidation, supercritical water oxidation, and the like, can achieve high-efficiency desulfurization, but have the problems of high treatment cost, high requirements on reaction conditions, and the like, thereby limiting the industrial application of the technology; the electrochemical method has the problems of electrode corrosion, passivation and high power consumption, and is not suitable for treating high-sulfur sewage; biological methods are commonly used for treating sewage with the sulfur content of below 50mg/L, have high requirements on water quality stability, and can show cost advantages under the condition of large water amount.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a sewage treatment device and a sewage treatment method, which can treat high-sulfur-content sewage of an oil-gas field, remove sulfides in the sewage and reduce the pollution to the environment.
In one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a sewage treatment apparatus comprising:
a closed reaction tower;
the water inlet assembly is communicated with the reaction tower and pumps the sulfur-containing sewage into the reaction tower;
the air catalytic oxidation assembly is arranged in the middle of the reaction tower and is used for carrying out primary desulfurization on the sewage to remove most sulfides;
the electrocatalytic oxidation component is arranged at the bottom of the reaction tower and is used for deeply desulfurizing the sewage; and
wherein, the bottom of reaction tower is provided with the outlet, and its top is provided with tail gas collection device.
The invention further improves the air catalytic oxidation assembly, which comprises a catalyst reaction layer horizontally arranged in the reaction tower, wherein an aeration device is arranged below the catalyst reaction layer, and the aeration device is connected with an air compressor arranged outside the reaction tower.
The invention is further improved in that the catalyst reaction layer comprises a plurality of heterogeneous catalyst plates which are spliced into a screen-shaped structure in the horizontal direction.
The invention further improves that the electrocatalytic oxidation assembly comprises a plurality of electrode groups which are arranged at the bottom of the reaction tower in parallel and are connected with a power supply through leads.
The invention has the further improvement that the water inlet component comprises a water feeding pump arranged outside the reaction tower and a water distribution spray head connected with the water feeding pump through a water pipe; the water distribution spray head is arranged in the reaction tower and is positioned above the air catalytic oxidation component;
wherein, the feed pump pumps the sulfur-containing sewage into the reaction tower and atomizes and sprays the sewage through the water distribution nozzle.
The invention is further improved in that the tail gas collecting device comprises a spray catcher arranged at the top of the reaction tower, and the spray catcher is connected with a tail gas treatment device through a tail gas guide pipe.
The invention is further improved in that the bottom of the reaction tower is provided with a sludge discharge pipe.
In another aspect of the present invention, a method for treating sulfur-containing wastewater by the wastewater treatment apparatus is further provided, including:
pumping the sulfur-containing sewage into a reaction tower through a water inlet assembly;
atomizing sewage by a water distribution nozzle, then entering an air catalytic oxidation component, staying for 5-10 minutes for air catalytic oxidation desulfurization, then flowing into an electrocatalytic oxidation component, and staying for 10-30 minutes for electrocatalytic oxidation deep desulfurization;
and discharging the sewage after the electrocatalytic oxidation from the water outlet, and absorbing tail gas generated in the reaction process by a tail gas collecting device.
The invention is further improved in that the temperature of the sewage pumped into the reaction tower by the water inlet assembly is normal temperature, and the pressure in the reaction tower is normal pressure.
The invention has the further improvement that the sulfur content in the treated sulfur-containing sewage is 500-1000 mg/L, and the suspended matters are less than 500 mg/L.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the sewage treatment device can effectively carry out oxidation desulfurization on the high-sulfur sewage through the efficient combination of air catalytic oxidation and electrocatalytic oxidation. The invention has short residence time and high reaction efficiency, can effectively reduce the volume and the occupied area of the device, and greatly reduces the investment cost. And no medicament is required to be added, the power consumption is low, and the operation is carried out at normal temperature and normal pressure, so that the operation cost can be greatly reduced. Meanwhile, no chemical sludge is generated in the treatment process, so that the problems of sludge disposal and secondary pollution are avoided.
In the invention, the air catalytic oxidation technology adopts the heterogeneous solid catalyst, compared with the common addition of the homogeneous catalyst, the problems of catalyst loss, separation, chemical sludge treatment and disposal and the like do not need to be considered, and the medicament cost and the sludge cost can be effectively reduced. In the air catalytic oxidation reaction process, the water inlet mode of atomization spraying is adopted, so that the mass transfer and utilization efficiency of oxygen can be effectively improved, and the air catalytic oxidation efficiency is improved. By controlling the aeration quantity and the residence time, the sulfide in the sewage is not completely oxidized, so that the residence time is reduced, and the problem of residual dissolved oxygen is avoided.
Compared with the prior electrocatalytic oxidation technology, the electrocatalytic oxidation technology directly loads the catalyst on the electrode, and the content of sulfide in the sewage after air catalytic oxidation is lower, so that the oxidation efficiency is higher, the treatment time is shorter, and the effluent quality is relatively stable.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a sewage treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the drawings, like parts are provided with like reference numerals. The figures are not drawn to scale.
The meaning of the reference symbols in the drawings is as follows: 1. the device comprises a reaction tower, 2, a water inlet assembly, 3, an air catalytic assembly, 4, an electrocatalytic oxidation assembly, 5, a tail gas collecting device, 11, a water outlet, 12, a sludge discharge pipe, 21, a water feed pump, 22, a water pipe, 23, a water distribution nozzle, 31, a catalyst reaction layer, 32, an aeration device, 33, an air compressor, 41, an electrode group, 42, a lead, 43, a power supply, 51, a mist catcher, 52, a tail gas guide pipe, 53 and a tail gas treatment device.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 schematically shows a sewage treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. According to the sewage treatment device, high-sulfur-content sewage of an oil and gas field can be treated, and sulfides in the sewage can be removed.
As shown in FIG. 1, the sewage treatment apparatus of this embodiment includes a reaction tower. The reaction tower is of a closed structure, and sewage treatment reaction is carried out in the reaction tower. The sewage treatment plant of this embodiment still include the subassembly of intaking, the one end intercommunication of the subassembly of intaking the reaction tower, the high sulphur sewage that contains in oil field is connected to the other end. The water inlet assembly pumps the sulfur-containing sewage into the reaction tower.
The sewage treatment plant of this embodiment still include the air catalytic oxidation subassembly, the air catalytic oxidation subassembly can carry out the preliminary desulfurization of air catalytic oxidation to sewage, its setting is at sewage treatment plant's middle part. The sewage enters the air catalytic oxidation assembly, under the action of the catalyst, sulfide in the sewage and oxygen in the air are subjected to oxidation reaction, and most of sulfide is oxidized into elemental sulfur, persulfate and/or sulfate.
The bottom of the reaction tower is provided with an electrocatalytic oxidation component which carries out electrocatalytic oxidation deep desulfurization on the sewage. The sewage treated by the air catalytic oxidation component enters the electrocatalytic oxidation component under the action of gravity, and a small part of sulfide remains in the sewage after the air catalytic oxidation treatment, and can be thoroughly removed by the electrocatalytic oxidation component. In the electrocatalytic oxidation reaction, sulfur ions are preferentially discharged at the anode plate and oxidized to generate high-valence sulfur due to the lower reduction potential of the sulfur ions. Meanwhile, the produced water usually contains more chloride ions and loses electrons to generate chlorine or hypochlorite, and the products with strong oxidizing property can oxidize sulfur ions.
In this embodiment, the bottom of the reaction tower is provided with a water outlet, and the water outlet can discharge treated sewage. And the top of the reaction tower is provided with a tail gas collecting device for collecting tail gas. During the catalytic oxidation reaction, a certain amount of tail gas is generated, and the tail gas contains harmful gases such as hydrogen sulfide and chlorine. These off-gases can be collected and absorbed by an off-gas collection device.
When the sewage treatment apparatus according to the present embodiment is used, the sulfur-containing sewage is pumped into the reaction tower through the water inlet assembly. And enabling the sulfur-containing sewage to enter an air catalytic oxidation component, performing air catalytic oxidation desulfurization, and converting most of sulfide into elemental sulfur, persulfate and/or sulfate. And the sewage after the reaction enters an electrocatalytic oxidation component, and is subjected to electrocatalytic oxidation deep desulfurization to remove residual sulfide. After the air catalytic oxidation and the electrocatalytic oxidation desulfurization treatment, the removal rate of the sulfide in the sewage can exceed 95 percent.
In one embodiment, the air catalytic oxidation assembly comprises a catalyst reaction layer, and a catalyst for air catalytic oxidation reaction is arranged in the catalyst reaction layer. The catalyst reaction layer is arranged in the reaction tower along the horizontal direction. The water inlet assembly pumps sewage to the upper part of the catalyst reaction layer, and the sewage falls down from the upper part of the catalyst reaction layer and enters the catalyst reaction layer. And an aeration device is arranged below the catalyst reaction layer and is connected with an air compressor arranged outside the reaction tower. Preferably, the aeration device comprises a disc-shaped aeration disc and an aeration pipe arranged on the aeration disc; or the aerator pipe can be composed of a single spiral aerator pipe.
In the sewage treatment apparatus according to the present embodiment, the air compressor introduces external air into the aeration apparatus. The aeration device is positioned below the catalyst reaction layer, air enters the reaction tower from the aeration device and flows upwards, enters the upper space of the reaction tower after the reaction of the catalyst reaction layer and flows out through the tail gas collecting device. The sewage flows into the upper space of the catalyst reaction layer after being atomized and falls into the catalyst reaction layer under the action of gravity. The sewage and the air move oppositely in the catalyst reaction layer and are fully contacted, so that the mass transfer efficiency of the oxygen is improved, and the desulfurization effect of the catalytic oxidation of the air is ensured.
In a preferred embodiment, the catalyst reaction layer comprises a plurality of heterogeneous catalyst plates, which are spliced to form the catalyst reaction layer. Heterogeneous catalyst boards are arranged in parallel, and the catalyst reaction layer is in a screen-shaped structure in the horizontal direction.
In the sewage treatment device according to the embodiment, the catalyst reaction layer is of a screen-shaped structure spliced by heterogeneous catalyst plates, so that sewage can flow in the catalyst reaction layer and fully contacts the heterogeneous catalyst plates, and the catalytic oxidation reaction is guaranteed to be fully completed.
In one embodiment, the electrocatalytic oxidation assembly comprises a plurality of electrode groups arranged at the bottom of the reaction tower in parallel, and the electrode groups are connected with a power supply through leads. The electrode assembly is coated with an electrocatalytic oxidation catalyst, preferably arranged in a vertical orientation. The power supply supplies power to the electrode group through a lead, and the current density of the power supply is 50-500A/m2。
In one embodiment, the water inlet assembly comprises a feed pump, which is arranged outside the reaction tower and pumps high sulfur-containing sewage of the oil and gas field into the reaction tower. The water feeding pump is connected with the inside of the reaction tower through a water pipe. In this embodiment, the water inlet assembly further comprises a water distribution nozzle, and the water distribution nozzle is arranged at the upper part of the reaction tower and is positioned above the air catalytic oxidation assembly. The sewage is atomized and sprayed through the water distribution nozzle, and under the action of the water distribution nozzle, the sewage is atomized to form small water drops which are uniformly sprayed on the upper part of the reaction tower.
In one embodiment, the tail gas collecting device comprises a mist catcher, and the mist catcher is arranged at the top of the reaction tower and is used for catching liquid drops suspended in air. The mist catcher is connected with a tail gas treatment device through a tail gas guide pipe. The tail gas guide pipe is connected with the top end of the reaction tower and is connected with the tail gas absorption device. The tail gas guide pipe guides and sends the tail gas to a tail gas absorption device. The tail gas absorption device is a gas hydrogen sulfide absorption column and can be filled with a solid-phase desulfurizer or alkali liquor.
In one embodiment, the bottom of the reaction tower is provided with a sludge discharge pipe. The sludge discharge pipe is used for discharging solid products after reaction, such as elemental sulfur and the like. After the sewage is subjected to air catalytic oxidation reaction and electrocatalytic oxidation reaction, sulfides in the sewage can produce certain solid substances such as elemental sulfur and the like, the solid substances can be deposited at the bottom of the reaction tower, and the solid substances can be discharged through the sludge discharge pipe.
According to another aspect of the invention, a sewage treatment method is also provided. The sewage treatment method of the embodiment is realized according to the sewage treatment device of the embodiment. The method comprises the following steps.
Firstly, the sewage containing sulfur is pumped into the reaction tower through the water inlet assembly. Preferably, the treated sulfur-containing sewage is high-sulfur-containing sewage, the sulfur content of the sewage is 500-1000 mg/L, and the suspended matters are less than 500 mg/L.
The sewage falls into the air catalytic oxidation component and stays for 5-10 minutes for air catalytic oxidation desulfurization, and then flows into the electrocatalytic oxidation component and stays for 10-30 minutes for electrocatalytic oxidation deep desulfurization. Most of sulfide in the sewage can be removed through air catalytic oxidation reaction; residual sulfides in the sewage can be removed through electrocatalytic oxidation reaction. The total retention time is only 15-40 min, and more than 95% of S can be removed2-. In a preferred embodiment, the temperature of the sewage pumped into the reaction tower by the water inlet assembly is normal temperature, preferably 30-40 ℃, and the pressure in the reaction tower is normal pressure.
And discharging the sewage after the electrocatalytic oxidation from the water outlet, and absorbing tail gas generated in the reaction process by a tail gas collecting device.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way as long as there is no structural conflict. It is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A sewage treatment apparatus, comprising:
a closed reaction tower;
the water inlet assembly is communicated with the reaction tower and pumps the sulfur-containing sewage into the reaction tower;
the air catalytic oxidation assembly is arranged in the middle of the reaction tower and is used for carrying out primary desulfurization on the sewage to remove most sulfides;
the electrocatalytic oxidation component is arranged at the bottom of the reaction tower and is used for deeply desulfurizing the sewage; and
wherein, the bottom of reaction tower is provided with the outlet, and its top is provided with tail gas collection device.
2. The wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the air catalytic oxidation assembly comprises a catalyst reaction layer horizontally arranged in the reaction tower, an aeration device is arranged below the catalyst reaction layer, and the aeration device is connected with an air compressor arranged outside the reaction tower.
3. The wastewater treatment device according to claim 2, wherein the catalyst reaction layer comprises a plurality of heterogeneous catalyst plates, and the heterogeneous catalyst plates are spliced into a screen-shaped structure in the horizontal direction.
4. The sewage treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the electrocatalytic oxidation assembly comprises a plurality of electrode groups arranged at the bottom of the reaction tower in parallel, and the electrode groups are connected with a power supply through leads.
5. The sewage treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the water inlet assembly comprises a water feed pump arranged outside the reaction tower, and a water distribution nozzle connected with the water feed pump through a water pipe; the water distribution spray head is arranged in the reaction tower and is positioned above the air catalytic oxidation component;
wherein, the feed pump pumps the sulfur-containing sewage into the reaction tower and atomizes and sprays the sewage through the water distribution nozzle.
6. The wastewater treatment plant according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the tail gas collection device comprises a mist trap disposed at the top of the reaction tower, the mist trap being connected to the tail gas treatment plant by a tail gas conduit.
7. The wastewater treatment apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein a sludge discharge pipe is provided at the bottom of the reaction tower.
8. A method for treating sulfur-containing sewage by the sewage treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising:
pumping the sulfur-containing sewage into a reaction tower through a water inlet assembly;
atomizing sewage by a water distribution nozzle, then entering an air catalytic oxidation component, staying for 5-10 minutes for air catalytic oxidation desulfurization, then flowing into an electrocatalytic oxidation component, and staying for 10-30 minutes for electrocatalytic oxidation deep desulfurization;
and discharging the sewage after the electrocatalytic oxidation from the water outlet, and absorbing tail gas generated in the reaction process by a tail gas collecting device.
9. The wastewater treatment method according to claim 8, wherein the temperature of the wastewater pumped into the reaction tower by the water inlet assembly is normal temperature, and the pressure in the reaction tower is normal pressure.
10. The sewage treatment method according to claim 8, wherein the sulfur content in the treated sulfur-containing sewage is 500-1000 mg/L, and the suspended matter is less than 500 mg/L.
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