CN112008494B - Test experiment platform and method for chip sticking detection chuck of electric spindle of numerical control machine tool - Google Patents
Test experiment platform and method for chip sticking detection chuck of electric spindle of numerical control machine tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN112008494B CN112008494B CN202011184599.0A CN202011184599A CN112008494B CN 112008494 B CN112008494 B CN 112008494B CN 202011184599 A CN202011184599 A CN 202011184599A CN 112008494 B CN112008494 B CN 112008494B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a test experiment platform and a test experiment method for a sticky chip detection chuck of an electric spindle of a numerical control machine tool, wherein the test experiment platform comprises a rack, a chuck fixing table, a first control switch, a second control switch, a vacuum pump, an air pressure balance valve, a vacuum tank and a piston rod; the chuck fixing table is arranged on the rack and used for installing and fixing a chuck to be tested, a through hole is formed in the middle of the chuck fixing table, the air pressure balance valve is in a normally closed state and communicated with the air pipe through a pipeline, the opening and closing of the air pressure balance valve are controlled by the second control switch, and the first control switch is used for controlling the starting and stopping of the vacuum tank. The invention has the beneficial effects that: an integrated sticky scrap detection experiment working platform is designed, can be used for sticky scrap detection experiments, and solves the problems in experiment design; the air pump and the electromagnetic valve are controlled by the pedal, so that both hands are liberated, the experimental efficiency is increased, and the gas pressure in the gas tank and the pretightening force of the broach system can be observed by the digital display screen.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of numerical control machine tool equipment, and particularly relates to a test experiment platform for a sticky chip detection chuck of an electric spindle of a numerical control machine tool.
Background
The numerical control machine tool is a working master machine in equipment manufacturing industry, and the technical level of the numerical control machine tool represents the development level of national manufacturing industry. The machining center is the first member of the numerical control machine tool. The machining center reduces the time for clamping, measuring, adjusting a machine tool and the like of a workpiece due to the centralized and automatic tool changing of the working procedures, so that the cutting time of the machine tool reaches about 80 percent of the starting time of the machine tool (the common machine tool is only 15-20 percent); meanwhile, the turnover, transportation and storage time of workpieces among the working procedures is reduced, the production period is shortened, and the economic effect is obvious. With the continuous improvement of the requirements on high-precision parts, the machining precision is developed from millimeter level, micron level to submicron level or even nanometer level, and the machining quality of a workpiece can be seriously influenced by the misalignment of a cutter caused by clamping chips of a spindle in the high-precision machining process. The positions of the main shaft clamping scraps are mainly two positions: the taper plug is arranged in a gap between the upper surface of the cutter handle and the lower surface of the taper plug, and is arranged on a conical surface contacted with the cutter handle. In practical application, the following are found: the chip clamping faults generated at the two chip clamping positions are generated in the process of changing the cutter of the machining center. Therefore, in the process that the cutter handle is preassembled with the taper plug, the clamping scrap fault of the main shaft is detected and early warned, and the influence of the clamping scrap of the main shaft on the processing quality of parts is avoided. In recent years, more and more enterprises pay attention to the research and development and application of the chip clamping detection device, and the applicant is dedicated to the research in the field, and two granted Chinese patent application numbers 201815865483 and 2019112895034 are successively applied to the chip clamping detection device and obtained.
In order to verify the feasibility of detecting the sticky scraps of the chuck for detecting the sticky scraps of the numerical control machine tool and test the feasibility and the stability of detecting the sticky scraps, an experiment workbench meeting the function needs to be selected for experiment. There are two experimental schemes that are currently available: firstly, directly carrying out an experiment on an electric spindle in a numerical control machining center; and secondly, simulating the cutter feeding process by using the push-pull dynamometer and the cutter locking seat. The first scheme has the disadvantages of high cost, unrealistic problem and limited expenditure, complex operation of a numerical control machining center, low experimental efficiency, and easy damage to the electric spindle due to experiment under the condition of unfamiliarity with equipment, thereby causing waste. The second experimental scheme needs to reform transform the lock blade holder to the cutter needs to keep coaxial with gluing bits detection chuck when last sword, is difficult for guaranteeing the precision to the components of a whole that can function independently equipment, can cause the error to a certain extent, uses the inside atmospheric pressure lock sword system of push-pull dynamometer simulation electric main shaft to have certain limitation, can not restore the perfect sword process of going up of cutter.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims at the problem that no special equipment is provided for a chip adhesion performance test of an electric spindle chip adhesion detection chuck, and provides a test experiment platform for the chip adhesion detection chuck of an electric spindle of a numerical control machine tool.
A test experiment platform for a chuck for detecting sticking scraps of an electric main shaft of a numerical control machine tool is characterized by comprising a machine frame, a chuck fixing table, a first control switch, a second control switch, a vacuum pump, an air pressure balance valve, a vacuum tank and a piston rod;
the chuck fixing table is arranged on the frame and used for installing and fixing a chuck to be tested, a through hole is arranged in the middle of the chuck fixing table,
the vacuum tank is vertically arranged on the frame and is positioned right above the middle through hole of the chuck fixing table, the vacuum tank is of a tank body structure with an upper opening and a lower opening, a piston rod is arranged in the vacuum tank, the upper end of the vacuum tank is connected with a vacuum pump through an air pipe, the vacuum pump is arranged on the frame, the lower end of the piston rod is provided with external threads,
the air pressure balance valve is in a normally closed state, is communicated with the air pipe through a pipeline and is controlled to be opened and closed by a second control switch,
the first control switch is used for controlling the starting and stopping of the vacuum pump.
On the basis of the scheme, the pressure measuring device is arranged on the frame, the pressure measuring sensor and the pressure conversion device are arranged on the vacuum tank and used for measuring the air pressure value of the cavity on the upper side of the piston rod, and the pressure measuring sensor, the pressure conversion device and the display device are electrically connected in sequence.
On the basis of the scheme, the vacuum cylinder further comprises a spring, the spring is arranged in the cavity of the vacuum cylinder, the upper end of the spring presses the inner wall of the upper side of the cavity of the vacuum cylinder, and the lower end of the spring presses the upper end face of the piston rod.
The test method for the chip sticking detection chuck of the electric spindle of the numerical control machine tool adopts the experiment platform and comprises the following specific steps:
s1, preparing a plurality of iron chips with different sizes for detection (for example, preparing 5 types of iron chips with diameters of 0.1mm, 0.3mm, 0.5mm, 0.7mm and 0.9 mm), installing a chuck to be detected, connecting a cutter with the lower end of a piston rod 13, connecting a power supply, starting up and preparing for detection;
s2, placing scrap iron with the minimum size between the cutter and the chuck;
s3, controlling a vacuum pump to start through a first control switch, simulating the action of feeding a cutter, gradually increasing the tension of the cutter, stopping applying force when clamping chips are displayed on a chuck, recording the tension value at the moment, and verifying the feasibility of chip clamping detection;
s4, gradually applying force to the maximum value, observing whether the clamping head always has clamping scraps to display, verifying the stability of clamping scraps of the clamping head, and controlling a second control switch to start the air pressure balance valve to retract the cutter;
s5, repeating S2-S4, sequentially replacing scrap iron with larger size, and verifying the stability of scrap clamping detection of the chuck;
s6, repeating S1-S5, repeatedly detecting a group of iron chips for a plurality of times (for example, three times), comparing data difference recorded each time, and verifying stability of chip clamping detection of the chuck.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. an integrated sticky scrap detection experiment working platform is designed, can be used for sticky scrap detection experiments, and solves the problems in experiment design;
2. the air pump and the electromagnetic valve are controlled by adopting the pedal, so that both hands are liberated, the experimental efficiency is improved, and the gas pressure in the gas tank and the pretightening force of the broach system can be observed through a digital display screen;
3. the surface design of the workbench is provided with a cutter holder, standby cutters can be stored, the cutter holder is prevented from falling off, cutter replacement is carried out in the experiment process, and the experiment efficiency is increased to a great extent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a vacuum tank according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the attached drawings in the embodiment of the invention.
The utility model provides a digit control machine tool electricity main shaft glues bits and detects chuck test experiment platform, includes frame 1, chuck fixed station 4, display device 5, first control switch 61, second control switch 62, vacuum pump 7, atmospheric pressure balanced valve 8, vacuum tank 9, spring 10 and piston rod 13.
The chuck fixing table 4 is arranged on the rack 1 and used for installing and fixing the chuck 3 to be tested, a through hole is formed in the middle of the chuck fixing table 4, and the chuck 3 is installed and fixed at the lower side position through a bolt. The vacuum tank 9 is vertically arranged on the frame 1 and is positioned right above the middle through hole of the chuck fixing table 4. The vacuum tank 9 is of a tank body structure with an upper opening and a lower opening, a piston rod 13 is arranged in the vacuum tank, the rod end of the piston rod 13 extends out of the tank body from the lower end, and the upper end of the tank body is connected with the vacuum pump 7 through an air pipe 12. The vacuum pump 7 is mounted on the frame 1. The spring 10 is arranged in the cavity of the vacuum tank 9, the upper end of the spring compresses the inner wall of the upper side of the cavity of the vacuum tank 9, and the lower end of the spring compresses the upper end face of the piston rod 13. The lower end of the piston rod 13 is provided with an external thread, the air pressure balance valve 8 is in a normally closed state, is communicated with the air pipe 12 through a pipeline, and is controlled to be opened and closed by a second control switch 62. The first control switch 61 is used for controlling the on-off of the vacuum pump 7, and the display device 5 is arranged on the frame 1. The vacuum tank 9 is provided with a pressure measuring sensor and a pressure conversion device for measuring the air pressure value of the cavity at the upper part of the piston rod 13 and transmitting the measured pressure value to the pressure conversion device, and the pressure conversion device calculates the tension of the piston rod 13 according to the measured pressure value, the atmospheric pressure and the area of the upper surface and the lower surface of the piston and displays the tension through the display device 5. When the spring 10 is selected, the spring constant is selected to be small, and the function of the spring can be realized by the tiny elastic force, so that the elastic force of the spring can be ignored when the tensile force is calculated.
The first control switch 61 and the second control switch 62 are in the form of pedals, so that hands are free, and the use is more convenient.
Description of the working principle:
this experiment workstation mainly used verifies that the bits of gluing that glues the bits and detect the chuck whether feasible and test sensitivity and stability that glues the bits and detect, and the air of 7 in with vacuum tank 9 through running-board control vacuum pump is evacuated for vacuum tank inside is in the negative pressure state, and the large tracts of land piston of piston rod 13 upper end cooperatees with vacuum tank 9, and along with the pressure reduction in the vacuum tank 9, atmospheric pressure promotes piston rod 13 and shifts up, drives the cutter and shifts up, realizes cutter locking. When the tool is unlocked, the pedal controls the air pressure balance valve to be opened, so that external air enters the vacuum tank 9, the internal pressure and the external pressure are balanced, the piston connecting rod moves downwards under the action of the spring 10 or the dead weight in the vacuum tank 9, the tool is unlocked, and the display device 5 on the workbench can display the pressure in the vacuum tank 9 and the specific pretightening force in real time. The cutter 2 is connected with the piston rod 13 through threads. The detection chuck can be fixed below the fixed platform 4 through eight bolts. The workbench is provided with a tool apron 11, and the tool apron 11 is a hole matched with the tool 2 and can be used for storing spare tools.
And a sticky scrap detection step of the sticky scrap detection chuck:
s1, preparing iron chips with different sizes for detection, installing a chuck 3 to be detected, connecting a cutter 2 with the lower end of a piston rod 13, connecting a power supply, starting up, and preparing for detection;
s2, sequentially placing the iron chips between the cutter 2 and the chuck 3 according to the size of the iron chips;
s3, controlling a vacuum pump 7 to start through a first control switch 61, simulating the action of feeding a cutter, gradually increasing the tension of the cutter 2, stopping applying force when the clamping head 3 displays clamping chips, recording the tension value at the moment, and verifying the feasibility of chip clamping detection;
s4, gradually applying force to the maximum value, observing whether the chuck 3 always has chip clamping display, verifying the chip clamping detection stability of the chuck 3, and controlling the second control switch 62 to start the air pressure balance valve 8 to retract the cutter;
s5, repeating S2-S4, sequentially replacing scrap irons with different sizes, and verifying the stability of scrap clamping detection of the chuck 3;
s6, repeating S1-S5, detecting a series of iron chips with different sizes for 3 times, comparing the data recorded for 3 times, and verifying the stability of the detection of the clamping chips of the chuck 3.
It will be appreciated that although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (1)
1. The method for testing the sticky chip detection chuck of the electric spindle of the numerical control machine tool is characterized in that an adopted test experiment platform comprises a rack (1), a chuck fixing table (4), a first control switch (61), a second control switch (62), a vacuum pump (7), an air pressure balance valve (8), a vacuum tank (9) and a piston rod (13);
the chuck fixing table (4) is arranged on the frame (1) and is used for installing and fixing a chuck (3) to be tested, a through hole is arranged in the middle of the chuck fixing table (4),
the vacuum tank (9) is vertically arranged on the frame (1) and is positioned right above the middle through hole of the chuck fixing table (4), the vacuum tank (9) is of a tank body structure with an upper opening and a lower opening, a piston rod (13) is arranged in the vacuum tank, the upper end of the vacuum tank is connected with a vacuum pump (7) through an air pipe (12), the vacuum pump (7) is arranged on the frame (1), the lower end of the piston rod (13) is provided with an external thread,
the air pressure balance valve (8) is in a normally closed state, is communicated with the air pipe (12) through a pipeline and is controlled to be opened and closed by a second control switch (62),
the first control switch (61) is used for controlling the starting and stopping of the vacuum pump (7);
the device is characterized by further comprising a display device (5), wherein the display device (5) is arranged on the rack (1), the vacuum tank (9) is provided with a pressure measuring sensor and a pressure conversion device and used for measuring the air pressure value of the cavity at the upper part of the piston rod (13), and the pressure measuring sensor, the pressure conversion device and the display device (5) are electrically connected in sequence;
the vacuum tank is characterized by further comprising a spring (10), wherein the spring (10) is arranged in the cavity of the vacuum tank (9), the upper end of the spring compresses the inner wall of the upper side of the cavity of the vacuum tank (9), and the lower end of the spring compresses the upper end face of the piston rod (13);
the method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, preparing a plurality of iron chips with different sizes for detection, installing a to-be-detected chuck (3), connecting a cutter (2) with the lower end of a piston rod (13), connecting a power supply, starting up, and preparing for detection;
s2, placing scrap iron with the minimum size between the cutter (2) and the chuck (3);
s3, controlling a vacuum pump (7) to start through a first control switch (61), simulating the action of feeding the cutter, gradually increasing the tension of the cutter (2), stopping applying force when the clamping head (3) displays clamping chips, recording the tension value at the moment, and verifying the feasibility of chip clamping detection;
s4, gradually applying force to the maximum value, observing whether the clamping head (3) always has clamping scraps to display, verifying the stability of the clamping scraps detection of the clamping head (3), and then controlling a second control switch (62) to start the air pressure balance valve (8) to retract the cutter;
s5, repeating S2-S4, sequentially replacing scrap iron with larger size, and verifying the stability of the scrap clamping detection of the chuck (3);
s6, repeating S1-S5, detecting a group of iron chips three times, comparing the data difference recorded each time, and verifying the stability of the detection of the clamping chips of the clamping head (3).
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| CN202011184599.0A CN112008494B (en) | 2020-10-30 | 2020-10-30 | Test experiment platform and method for chip sticking detection chuck of electric spindle of numerical control machine tool |
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| CN202011184599.0A CN112008494B (en) | 2020-10-30 | 2020-10-30 | Test experiment platform and method for chip sticking detection chuck of electric spindle of numerical control machine tool |
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| CN112378746A (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2021-02-19 | 南京贝迪新材料科技股份有限公司 | A polymer film material stretching device for in situ structure detects |
| CN114986254B (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2023-06-09 | 大众一汽发动机（大连）有限公司 | Method for detecting electric spindle pad scraps of numerical control machine tool |
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| JPH06254746A (en) * | 1993-03-02 | 1994-09-13 | Hoya Corp | Hole detecting device for inspected object |
| CN201079906Y (en) * | 2007-08-16 | 2008-07-02 | 魏德重 | Automatic cutter changing device for machine tool |
| CN201389922Y (en) * | 2009-01-23 | 2010-01-27 | 李群生 | Stonecutter machine head |
| CN105598493A (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2016-05-25 | 余姚志佳汽车部件厂(普通合伙） | Drilling machine tool |
| CN206095138U (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2017-04-12 | 浙江工业大学 | Draw and press integral type car transmission shaft detection device |
| CN209849806U (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-12-27 | 龙光电子集团有限公司 | Riveting machine capable of performing vacuum detection and counting |
| CN111390635B (en) * | 2020-04-25 | 2022-01-11 | 佛山市瑞铂特智能设备有限公司 | Composition of scrap clamping auxiliary device for preventing machine tool from being clamped |
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Denomination of invention: A test experimental platform and method for sticking chip detection chuck of motorized spindle of NC machine tool Effective date of registration: 20211214 Granted publication date: 20210129 Pledgee: Yantai financing guarantee Group Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: Yantai University Registration number: Y2021980014841 |
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Date of cancellation: 20220317 Granted publication date: 20210129 Pledgee: Yantai financing guarantee Group Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: Yantai University Registration number: Y2021980014841 |
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