CN112008206B - Welding method for quenched and tempered high-strength steel plate - Google Patents

Welding method for quenched and tempered high-strength steel plate Download PDF

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CN112008206B
CN112008206B CN202010656926.1A CN202010656926A CN112008206B CN 112008206 B CN112008206 B CN 112008206B CN 202010656926 A CN202010656926 A CN 202010656926A CN 112008206 B CN112008206 B CN 112008206B
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welding
joint
quenched
strength steel
strength
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CN112008206A (en
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李振梁
柯浩
王甲安
王曦
王海帅
钟蛟
张鹏
柯亚唯
沈阳
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Huadian Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
    • B23K9/173—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a consumable electrode
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K33/00—Specially-profiled edge portions of workpieces for making soldering or welding connections; Filling the seams formed thereby
    • B23K33/004—Filling of continuous seams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
    • B23K35/3073—Fe as the principal constituent with Mn as next major constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/02—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts
    • B23K9/025—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts for rectilinear seams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a welding method of a quenched and tempered high-strength steel plate, which aims at the facts that the quenched and tempered high-strength steel plate with the tensile strength of more than 1100MPa is difficult to weld, the welding process is complex, the performance of a welding joint is poor and the like. The invention adopts a multilayer and multi-pass welding method combining low linear energy backing welding with high linear energy intermediate layer and cover welding, the base metal is not required to be preheated before welding, and the welded joint is not required to be subjected to dehydrogenation treatment after welding, so that the comprehensive mechanical properties of the welded joint can meet the requirements, meanwhile, the welding steps are simple, the working procedures are fewer, the operation time and the labor cost are saved, and the invention provides important reference for the welding method of tempering high-strength steel, and has great significance. The welding joint obtained by the method has good comprehensive mechanical properties, and has good application value, and the toughness and plasticity of the welding joint are both considered on the premise of ensuring the strength.

Description

Welding method for quenched and tempered high-strength steel plate
Technical Field
The invention relates to a welding method for quenched and tempered high-strength steel plates.
Background
At present, the strength of hot rolled and normalized steel is improved by adding alloy elements, and simultaneously, the plasticity and toughness of the steel are reduced. Therefore, the high-strength steel for the welding structure with the tensile strength of more than or equal to 600MPa almost adopts a quenching and tempering process, the steel alloy system is complex and has high hardenability, and three problems of softening of a heat affected zone, embrittlement of the heat affected zone and welding cold cracks mainly occur in the welding process. The welded high-strength steel is widely applied to the fields of engineering machinery, bridges, boilers, pressure vessels, ship building, ocean engineering, vehicle manufacturing, buildings, oil and gas conveying pipelines and the like. The quenched and tempered high-strength steel has low carbon content, generally not more than 0.22%, and the high strength and good comprehensive mechanical properties are obtained by adding a plurality of alloy elements for improving hardenability on the basis of low carbon and performing quenching and tempering heat treatment to obtain low carbon (lath) martensite and partial lower bainite tissues with high strength and toughness.
In conclusion, the tensile strength and the comprehensive mechanical properties of the quenched and tempered high-strength steel are improved, and meanwhile, the welding process is difficult, so that a reasonable welding method of the quenched and tempered high-strength steel plate is very important in practical application. The invention provides a welding method of a quenched and tempered high-strength plate with tensile strength of more than 1100 MPa.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a welding method for quenched and tempered high-strength plates, aiming at the facts that the quenched and tempered high-strength plates with the tensile strength of more than 1100MPa are difficult to weld, the welding process is complex, the performance of a welding joint is poor and the like at present, a multi-layer and multi-pass welding method combining low-linear-energy backing welding, high-linear-energy intermediate layer welding and cover surface welding is adopted, a base metal does not need to be preheated before welding, and a welding joint does not need to be subjected to dehydrogenation treatment after welding, so that the comprehensive mechanical performance of the welding joint is ensured to meet the requirements, meanwhile, the welding steps are simple, the process is fewer, the operation time and the labor cost are saved, an important reference is provided for the welding method for the quenched and tempered high-strength steel, and the welding method has great significance.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows: a welding method for quenching and tempering high-strength steel plates is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) the tensile strength of the quenched and tempered high-strength steel is more than 1100MPa, the elongation after fracture is more than 10 percent, the impact absorption power is more than 40J, and the quenched and tempered high-strength steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.17-0.24% of C, 0.17-0.37% of Si, 1.3-1.6% of Mn, 0.04-0.10% of Ti, 0.0005-0.0035% of B, less than or equal to 0.035% of S and less than or equal to 0.035% of P;
(2) the diameter of the welding wire is 1-1.2 mm, the tensile strength is larger than 820MPa, the elongation after fracture is larger than 19%, the fracture impact absorption power is larger than 90J, and the welding wire comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.005-0.015% of C, 0.5-0.7% of Si, 1.5-1.8% of Mn, 1.2-1.6% of Ni, 0.1-0.5% of Cr, 0.1-0.4% of Mo, and the balance of Fe;
(3) the matching mode of the welding wire and the base metal is low-strength matching, and the aim is to obtain a welding joint with good comprehensive properties of strength and toughness;
(4) the thickness of the quenched and tempered high-strength steel plate is 10 mm-20 mm, a groove is polished according to requirements, the truncated edge is 2mm, the bevel angle is 50 degrees, and the root gap b is 1-3 mm; the part near the groove is required to be cleaned without preheating, and 80% Ar +20% CO is selected as protective gas for welding2Controlling the flow at 18-26L/min;
(5) the welding adopts automatic consumable electrode active gas shielded welding without swing arc, and adopts multilayer multi-pass welding, wherein the backing welding adopts small linear energy, and the middle layer and the cover surface adopt large linear energy; the backing welding process comprises the following steps: welding current is 215-220A, welding voltage is 21.3-21.6V, welding speed is 30cm/min, and heat input is 8.9-9.2 KJ/cm; the welding process of the middle layer and the cover surface comprises the following steps: the welding current is 230-245A, the welding voltage is 23.4-23.9V, the welding speed is 30cm/min, and the heat input is 9.6-12.0 KJ/cm.
Furthermore, before welding, the plates on two sides are subjected to positioning welding so as to relatively fix the gap between the welded plates, and the welding is convenient.
Furthermore, deformation of the welded plate is considered, certain reverse deformation is reserved during tack welding, and the angle of the reverse deformation is about 1-2 degrees.
Furthermore, the base metal before welding does not need preheating, the welded joint does not need dehydrogenation treatment after welding, the interlayer temperature of a welding bead is controlled between 220 and 250 ℃, and the influence of the preheating of the base metal before welding and the dehydrogenation treatment after welding on the welded joint is not obvious through comparative experiment research.
Furthermore, good welding joint performance is obtained, the average tensile strength of the welding joint is larger than 810MPa, the low-temperature (-20 ℃) impact energy of the welding joint is larger than 55J, and the bending performance of the welding joint is qualified.
Furthermore, the heat affected zone of the welding joint has a distinct hardened zone and a distinct softened zone, the maximum hardness value of the hardened zone is 330HV, and the hardness value of the softened zone can be as low as 220 HV; the microstructure of the coarse crystal area is mainly granular bainite, and the microstructure of the fine crystal area is polygonal ferrite and quasi-polygonal ferrite.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects: the tensile strength of the welding parent metal is high, and the tensile strength of the quenched and tempered high-strength steel is more than 1100 MPa; before welding, positioning welding and reserved reversible deformation are adopted, the gap before welding a base metal plate can be fixed by the positioning welding, the welding quality is further improved, and the reserved reversible deformation mainly improves the mechanical performance of a welding joint and reduces the residual stress of the welding joint; the welding method of the invention does not need to preheat the base metal before welding and does not need to remove hydrogen after welding, thereby reducing the welding procedure and greatly saving the welding time and labor cost; the welding joint obtained by the method has good comprehensive mechanical properties, and has good application value, and the toughness and plasticity of the welding joint are both considered on the premise of ensuring the strength.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a mother material groove in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of tack welding and reverse deformation in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a microstructure diagram of a hardened zone and a softened zone of a heat-affected zone of a weld joint in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Examples are given.
In this embodiment, a welding method for quenched and tempered high-strength steel plates includes the following steps:
the tensile strength of the to-be-welded quenched and tempered high-strength steel is 1130MPa, the plate is processed into 480mm multiplied by 200mm multiplied by 12mm, a groove is polished according to requirements, the truncated edge is 2mm, the bevel angle is 50 degrees, the root gap b is 2mm, the vicinity of the groove is cleaned, and preheating is not performed;
the elongation of the quenched and tempered high-strength steel after fracture is more than 10%, the impact absorption power is more than 40J, and the quenched and tempered high-strength steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.17-0.24% of C, 0.17-0.37% of Si, 1.3-1.6% of Mn, 0.04-0.10% of Ti, 0.0005-0.0035% of B, less than or equal to 0.035% of S and less than or equal to 0.035% of P;
the welding wire is of a Switzerland OK AristoRod 13.29 model, the diameter is 1.2mm, the tensile strength is 820MPa, the melting point is 880 ℃, the elongation after fracture is 19 percent, the breaking impact absorption power is 95J, and the welding wire comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.01 percent of C, 0.6 percent of Si, 1.6 percent of Mn, 1.4 percent of Ni, 0.3 percent of Cr, 0.25 percent of Mo and the balance of Fe;
the matching mode of the welding wire and the base material is low-strength matching;
80% Ar +20% CO is selected as protective gas for welding2The flow is controlled to be 18-26L/min, the purities of argon and carbon dioxide are respectively more than 99.99 wt%, and the total moisture content is below 20 ppm;
the welding process comprises the following steps: automatic consumable electrode active gas shielded welding, without swing arc, adopts multilayer and multi-pass welding, wherein backing welding adopts small linear energy, and middle layer and cover surface welding adopts large linear energy; the backing welding process comprises the following steps: welding current is 215-220A, welding voltage is 21.3-21.6V, welding speed is 30cm/min, and heat input is 8.9-9.2 KJ/cm; the welding process of the middle layer and the cover surface comprises the following steps: the welding current is 230-245A, the welding voltage is 23.4-23.9V, the welding speed is 30cm/min, the heat input is 9.6-12.0 KJ/cm, the interlayer temperature of a welding bead is controlled between 220-250 ℃, and the hydrogen elimination treatment of a welded joint after welding is not carried out.
The welded joint welded by adopting the process has good fusion, no macroscopic welding defect, no surface crack and root crack of the welding seam are found through nondestructive testing, the tensile strength of the obtained welded joint is 820MPa, the low-temperature (-20 ℃) impact energy of the welded joint is 57J, and the bending performance is qualified; the weld joint heat affected zone has obvious hardening area and softening area, the maximum hardness value of the hardening area is 337HV, and the hardness value of the softening area is 225HV at the lowest. The microstructure of the coarse crystal area is mainly granular bainite, and the microstructure of the fine crystal area is polygonal ferrite and quasi-polygonal ferrite. Wherein the width of the coarse crystal area is 520 μm, the crystal grains in the coarse crystal area are coarse, and the size of the crystal grains is about 31 μm.
Those not described in detail in this specification are well within the skill of the art.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and that various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. A welding method for quenching and tempering high-strength steel plates is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) the tensile strength of the quenched and tempered high-strength steel is more than 1100MPa, the elongation after fracture is more than 10 percent, the impact absorption power is more than 40J, and the quenched and tempered high-strength steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.17-0.24% of C, 0.17-0.37% of Si, 1.3-1.6% of Mn, 0.04-0.10% of Ti, 0.0005-0.0035% of B, less than or equal to 0.035% of S and less than or equal to 0.035% of P;
(2) the diameter of the welding wire is 1-1.2 mm, the tensile strength is larger than 820MPa, the elongation after fracture is larger than 19%, the fracture impact absorption power is larger than 90J, and the welding wire comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.005-0.015% of C, 0.5-0.7% of Si, 1.5-1.8% of Mn, 1.2-1.6% of Ni, 0.1-0.5% of Cr, 0.1-0.4% of Mo, and the balance of Fe;
(3) the matching mode of the welding wire and the base metal is low-strength matching, and the aim is to obtain a welding joint with good comprehensive properties of strength and toughness;
(4) the thickness of the quenched and tempered high-strength steel plate is 10 mm-20 mm, a groove is polished according to requirements, the truncated edge is 2mm, the bevel angle is 50 degrees, and the root gap b is 1-3 mm; the part near the groove is required to be cleaned without preheating, and 80% Ar +20% CO is selected as protective gas for welding2Controlling the flow at 18-26L/min;
(5) the welding adopts automatic consumable electrode active gas shielded welding without swing arc, and adopts multilayer multi-pass welding, wherein the backing welding adopts small linear energy, and the middle layer and the cover surface adopt large linear energy; the backing welding process comprises the following steps: welding current is 215-220A, welding voltage is 21.3-21.6V, welding speed is 30cm/min, and heat input is 8.9-9.2 KJ/cm; the welding process of the middle layer and the cover surface comprises the following steps: welding current is 230-245A, welding voltage is 23.4-23.9V, welding speed is 30cm/min, and heat input is 9.6-12.0 KJ/cm;
considering the deformation of the welded plate, reserving certain reverse deformation during tack welding, wherein the reverse deformation angle is 1-2 degrees;
the base metal before welding does not need to be preheated, the welding joint after welding does not need to be subjected to dehydrogenation treatment, the interlayer temperature of a welding bead is controlled to be 220-250 ℃, and the influence of preheating of the base metal before welding and dehydrogenation treatment after welding on the welding joint is not obvious through comparative experiment research;
the good performance of the welding joint is obtained, the average tensile strength of the welding joint is more than 810MPa, the low-temperature impact energy of the welding joint is more than 55J, and the bending performance is qualified;
the weld joint heat affected zone has obvious hardening zone and softening zone, the maximum hardness value of the hardening zone is 330HV, and the hardness value of the softening zone is as low as 220 HV; the microstructure of the coarse crystal area is mainly granular bainite, and the microstructure of the fine crystal area is polygonal ferrite and quasi-polygonal ferrite.
2. The method for welding quenched and tempered high strength steel sheets according to claim 1, wherein the sheets on both sides are tack welded before welding to fix the gap between the welded sheets for easy welding.
CN202010656926.1A 2020-07-09 2020-07-09 Welding method for quenched and tempered high-strength steel plate Active CN112008206B (en)

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CN116213887B (en) * 2023-05-08 2023-08-11 中南大学 Argon arc welding repair method for 1.2738 steel plastic mold

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JP5515796B2 (en) * 2009-02-17 2014-06-11 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 Welding method of high strength thin steel sheet
CN105057849B (en) * 2015-07-16 2017-07-07 东北大学 A kind of 1100MPa grades of hot rolling ultra-high-strength/tenacity steel non-prewarming welding method
CN105108273A (en) * 2015-08-10 2015-12-02 安徽富煌钢构股份有限公司 Welding process for high-strength type steel plate
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CN106270957B (en) * 2016-09-14 2018-12-28 武汉钢铁有限公司 A kind of gas-shield welding method of the high-strength steel thick plate of 1000MPa grades of engineering machinery
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