CN112005765A - Method and device for assisting retention, germination and seedling planting of plant seeds and/or propagules in coastal wetland habitat - Google Patents
Method and device for assisting retention, germination and seedling planting of plant seeds and/or propagules in coastal wetland habitat Download PDFInfo
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- CN112005765A CN112005765A CN202010794758.2A CN202010794758A CN112005765A CN 112005765 A CN112005765 A CN 112005765A CN 202010794758 A CN202010794758 A CN 202010794758A CN 112005765 A CN112005765 A CN 112005765A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/027—Pots connected in horizontal rows
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0295—Units comprising two or more connected receptacles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
- A01H4/001—Culture apparatus for tissue culture
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for assisting retention, germination and seedling planting of plant seeds and/or propagules in a coastal wetland habitat, which comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a scheme for assisting retention, germination and planting of plant seeds and/or propagules of the coastal wetland according to the ecological features of the coastal wetland and the types of target plants; (2) according to the water quantity, the flow speed, the swept range and the physical and chemical properties and gradient of the habitat matrix of the water flow which moves unidirectionally or reciprocally frequently, and the seed retention time or the matrix stabilization time required by the germination of the target plant seeds and/or propagules and/or the field planting of seedlings, the water retention tank in a fully-closed or semi-closed form is designed for blocking the water flow and preventing the seeds and/or propagules and/or seedlings from being washed away by the water flow. The method can effectively prevent the problem that the seeds or young plants of the target plants distributed in the coastal wetland are frequently submerged by the water flow carrying position or flushed into the water body due to the frequent unidirectional or reciprocating water flow motion in the coastal wetland environment. The invention also discloses a stagnant water groove for assisting retention, germination and seedling planting of the plant seeds and/or propagules in the coastal wetland habitat.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of ecology, and relates to a method and a device for assisting retention, germination and seedling planting of plant seeds and/or propagules in a coastal wetland habitat.
Background
In coastal wetland habitats, problems often arise in retention, germination and seedling colonization of the seeds and/or propagules of plants (particularly target plants) distributed therein due to frequent unidirectional or reciprocating water flow movements (e.g., the seeds and/or propagules and young plants are frequently submerged by water flow-handling locations or directly flushed into a water body), and thus, successful establishment of a wet plant population or community in such habitats and proper functioning of the ecological functions thereof are not facilitated. At present, the coastal wetland protection in China is increasingly generally regarded as important, and it is necessary to develop related technologies of retention, germination and planting of plant seeds and/or propagules in the coastal wetland habitat so as to assist or promote the establishment of plant populations or communities and the exertion of ecological functions of the coastal wetland. However, so far, relevant technologies at home and abroad are only rarely reported.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for assisting retention, germination and seedling planting of plant seeds and/or propagules in a littoral wetland and a related device, aiming at solving the problems in retention, germination and/or seedling planting of the littoral wetland seeds and/or propagules in the prior art, and providing a method for assisting retention, germination and seedling planting of the plant seeds and/or propagules in the littoral wetland habitat and a method for assisting the establishment and ecological function exertion of the littoral wetland plant population or community in the prior art.
The method for assisting the retention, the germination and the seedling planting of the plant seeds and/or the propagules in the coastal wetland habitat comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the characteristics of the coastal wetland habitat and the types of target plants, a scheme for assisting the retention, germination and planting of the coastal wetland plant seeds and/or propagules is formulated on the basis.
(2) According to the water quantity, the flow speed, the swept range and the physical and chemical properties and the gradient of a habitat matrix of the water flow which is in regular unidirectional or reciprocating motion in the coastal wetland, and the seed and/or propagule retention time or matrix stabilization time required by the germination of target plant seeds and/or propagules and the field planting of seedlings, a totally-closed or semi-closed water retaining tank for blocking the water flow and preventing the seeds and/or propagules and seedlings from being washed away by the water flow is designed and laid.
The frequent unidirectional water flow mainly refers to a unidirectional river, the water volume, the flow rate and the swept range of the unidirectional river greatly influence the stability of the wetland environment around the river, and on the basis, when the water retention tanks are arranged, the influence of the factor needs to be fully considered so as to achieve the aims of effectively delaying the water flow, blocking plant seeds and/or propagules contained in the water retention tanks and promoting the germination and seedling planting of the plant seeds through one or more groups of water retention tanks as far as possible.
Wherein, the physical and chemical properties of the habitat matrix influence the structure of the matrix and the capacity of durably supporting and fixing the stagnant water tank, so that the physical and chemical properties (such as salinity, chemical components, moisture, pH, temperature, density and the like) of the habitat matrix need to be fully considered when the stagnant water tank is arranged; the gradient of the habitat matrix influences the water quantity, the flow speed and the swept range of the water flow, and also influences the mechanical structure of the matrix and the capability of durably supporting and fixing the stagnant water tank, so that the gradient of the habitat matrix needs to be fully considered when the stagnant water tank is arranged.
Wherein, whether the stable time of the matrix environment is matched with the effective retention time of the target plant seeds and/or propagules in the habitat matrix and the time required for germination and seedling planting directly influences whether the target plant seeds and/or propagules can be successfully planted in the habitat matrix. Therefore, when the water retention tank is arranged, according to the environment condition of the substrate, after the seeds and/or propagules of the target plant are effectively blocked as much as possible to remain in the habitat, the retention time of the seeds and/or propagules of the target plant is prolonged as much as possible to promote successful planting. Therefore, the arrangement of the water stagnation tank is not only beneficial to simply completing one of the staged tasks, but also beneficial to completing the subsequent tasks of planting more critical target plant seeds and/or propagules, and the arrangement of the water stagnation tank is required to be compatible with the long-term effect.
The structure of the water stagnation tank is shallow U-shaped, the bottom edge is flat and long, and the two side edges are short and upwarp.
When the height of the stagnant water tank is determined, the following standards are referenced: after the stagnant water tank is firmly inserted into the wetland habitat, the height of the exposed part can just block plant seeds and/or propagules floating on the surface layer of the water flow; when the width of the stagnant water groove is determined, no special limitation is provided, as long as the width of the stagnant water groove is within the range of the width of water flow in the environment and the range of space in which the stagnant water groove can be placed, and the stagnant water groove is convenient to operate, manage and maintain. Designing and arranging the water stagnation tank, wherein the characteristics of the direction, the water quantity and the flow speed of main water flow in a living environment, the number, the density, the survival period and other factors of seeds contained in the water flow need to be fully considered; preferably, the water retaining grooves are arranged in groups in a staggered and pressed mode so as to increase the actual effect of blocking water flow and plant seeds and/or propagules contained in the water retaining grooves as much as possible; after the water retaining tank is placed, on one hand, the water flow speed can be reduced, and on the other hand, the plant seeds and/or propagules contained in the water flow can be retained, and therefore the plant seeds and/or propagules are promoted to be retained, germinated and planted in a habitat.
The lower part of the water retention tank is inserted into matrix soil of the wetland habitat, the insertion depth is proper to ensure that the water retention tank is stable, the part of the water retention tank inserted into the matrix soil has the function of anchoring the water retention tank in the wetland habitat, and the part of the water retention tank inserted into the matrix soil is provided with a gap and has water permeability so as to be beneficial to keeping two-way smooth communication of water on two sides of the underground part of the water retention tank; preferably, the lower part of the stagnant water groove inserted into the wetland habitat substrate soil is a column made of a firm material with corrosion resistance, wind erosion resistance, damage resistance, water flooding resistance and salt immersion resistance; the upper part of the water retention tank is exposed out of the surface of the substrate and is required to be ensured to be exposed out of the surface of the water flow in the season of the maximum water flow, the upper part of the water retention tank is exposed out of the surface of the substrate and the height of the surface of the water flow so as to ensure that the water retention tank can effectively block the frequent water flow and the plant seeds and/or propagules contained in the water retention tank, and the part of the upper part of the water retention tank exposed out of the surface of the substrate has water impermeability or can prevent the target plant seeds and/or propagules from passing through.
According to the invention, according to the specific target plant species determined in the step (1), a suitable material for manufacturing the water retention tank is selected according to the seed and/or propagule germination and seedling planting required seed and/or propagule retention time or matrix stabilization time, and the water retention tank made of the material can ensure that the water retention tank cannot be damaged by washing or soaking of frequent water flow during the seed germination and seedling planting of the target plant. Preferably, the water retention tank is made of a firm material which is corrosion-resistant, wind erosion-resistant, damage-resistant, water flooding-resistant and salt immersion-resistant.
Preferably, the material for manufacturing the stagnant water groove is preferably a material capable of being naturally decomposed, so that solid waste pollution caused by arrangement of the stagnant water groove to the wetland habitat is reduced, and meanwhile, the workload of recovery and pickup of the stagnant water groove is greatly reduced. In this case, the natural aging and decomposition cycles of the materials making up the stagnant water tank need to be known for timely replacement and maintenance. Wherein, the material capable of being naturally decomposed comprises a product formed by high-pressure shaping of plant straws and other structural or functional auxiliary materials. In this case, the natural aging and decomposition cycles of the materials making up the stagnant water tank need to be known for timely replacement and maintenance.
Preferably, the water retention tanks are arranged on the habitat substrate in a direction parallel to the contour lines. When the arrangement of a single and/or single row of stagnant water grooves is not enough to fully achieve the desired ideal effects of seed and/or propagule retention, germination and seedling planting, a plurality of and/or a plurality of rows of stagnant water grooves are arranged along the direction parallel to the contour line so as to improve the ecological function of the device. Wherein said plurality means more than three. The plurality of rows refers to more than three rows.
Preferably, in the wetland environment, gaps are reserved among a plurality of stagnant water tanks arranged in a row, and the gaps reserved among the stagnant water tanks are used for dredging water flow. Gaps among the stagnant water grooves in different rows are not directly opposite, but are staggered with each other, so that water flow scouring is favorably slowed down, plant seeds and/or propagules carried in water flow are favorably kept, meanwhile, siltation of silt carried in water flow is favorably promoted, and favorable matrix conditions are further created for germination of the plant seeds and/or the propagules and seedling planting.
In the invention, the step of determining the size of the gap between the water retaining grooves is as follows: designing a plurality of groups of water stagnation inter-groove gaps according to the flow rate and the speed of the maximum average water flow flowing through the wetland habitat in recent years (such as 10-30 years), comparing the water stagnation effect of a plurality of groups of treatments with the retention effect on plant seeds and/or propagules and silt and the promotion effect on plant seed and/or propagules germination and seedling colonization, and selecting the optimal water stagnation inter-groove gap.
The invention also provides a water retaining tank which is shallow U-shaped in structure, flat and long in bottom edge, short in two side edges and upwarping.
The part of the stagnant water groove inserted into the matrix soil is provided with a gap with water permeability, so that the bidirectional smooth communication of water on two sides of the underground part of the stagnant water groove is favorably kept; preferably, the lower part of the stagnant water groove inserted into the wetland habitat substrate soil is a column made of a firm material with corrosion resistance, wind erosion resistance, damage resistance, water flooding resistance and salt immersion resistance; the upper part of the water retention tank is exposed out of the surface of the substrate and is required to be ensured to be exposed out of the surface of the water flow in the season of the maximum water flow, the upper part of the water retention tank is exposed out of the surface of the substrate and the height of the surface of the water flow so as to ensure that the water retention tank can effectively block the frequent water flow and the plant seeds and/or propagules contained in the water retention tank, and the part of the upper part of the water retention tank exposed out of the surface of the substrate has water impermeability or can prevent the target plant seeds and/or propagules from passing through.
When the height of the stagnant water tank is determined, the following standards are referenced: after the stagnant water tank is firmly inserted into the wetland habitat, the height of the exposed part can just block plant seeds and/or propagules floating on the surface layer of the water flow; when the width of the stagnant water groove is determined, no special limitation is provided, as long as the width of the stagnant water groove is within the range of the width of water flow in the environment and the range of space in which the stagnant water groove can be placed, and the stagnant water groove is convenient to operate, manage and maintain. Designing and arranging the water stagnation tank, wherein the characteristics of the direction, the water quantity and the flow speed of main water flow in a living environment, the number, the density, the survival period and other factors of seeds contained in the water flow need to be fully considered; preferably, the water retaining grooves are arranged in groups in a staggered and pressed mode so as to increase the actual effect of blocking water flow and plant seeds and/or propagules contained in the water retaining grooves as much as possible; after the water retaining tank is placed, on one hand, the water flow speed can be reduced, and on the other hand, the plant seeds and/or propagules contained in the water flow can be retained, and therefore the plant seeds and/or propagules are promoted to be retained, germinated and planted in a habitat.
The invention also provides application of the water retention tank in assisting retention, germination and seedling planting of plant seeds and/or propagules in the coastal wetland habitat.
The method for assisting the retention, germination and seedling planting of the plant seeds and/or the propagules in the coastal wetland habitat has the beneficial effects that the method for assisting the retention, germination and seedling planting of the plant seeds and/or the propagules in the coastal wetland habitat can effectively prevent the problem that the target plant seeds and/or the propagules and the young plants distributed in the coastal wetland habitat are/is frequently submerged by a water flow carrying position or rushed into a water body due to the frequent unidirectional or reciprocating water flow motion in the coastal wetland habitat. The method is simple, and the provided water retention tank can effectively block frequent water flow and can prevent the seeds and/or propagules of the target plants from passing through.
Drawings
Fig. 1A is a schematic plan view of a method for arranging stagnant water tanks in a direction parallel to contour lines in a specific wetland environment. Fig. 1B is a schematic perspective view of a single water retention tank. Wherein, (1) stagnant water groove; (2) the direction of the water flow.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following specific examples and the accompanying drawings. The procedures, conditions, experimental methods and the like for carrying out the present invention are general knowledge and common general knowledge in the art except for the contents specifically mentioned below, and the present invention is not particularly limited.
Example 1 the method for assisting the retention, germination and seedling planting of the plant seeds and/or propagules in the coastal wetland habitat provided by the invention
The method comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the characteristics of the coastal wetland habitat and the types of target plants, a scheme for assisting the retention, germination and planting of the coastal wetland plant seeds and/or propagules is formulated on the basis.
(2) According to the water quantity, the flow speed, the swept range and the physical and chemical properties and the gradient of a habitat matrix of the water flow which is in regular unidirectional or reciprocating motion in the coastal wetland, and the seed retention time or the matrix stabilization time required by the germination of target plant seeds and/or propagules and/or the field planting of seedlings, a totally-closed or semi-closed water retention tank for blocking the water flow and preventing the seeds and/or the propagules and the seedlings from being washed away by the water flow is designed and laid.
As shown in fig. 1A and 1B, the water retention tank is shown in a shallow U shape, and the arrow indicates the water flow direction. When the arrangement of a single row and/or a single row of stagnant water grooves is not enough to fully achieve the desired ideal effects of seed retention, germination and seedling planting, a plurality of rows and/or a plurality of rows of stagnant water grooves are arranged along the direction parallel to the contour line so as to improve the ecological function of the seedlings.
With reference to fig. 1A, the regular unidirectional water flow mainly refers to a unidirectional river, and the water volume, flow rate, and sweep range of the unidirectional river greatly affect the stability of the wetland environment around the river, so that when the stagnant water tanks are arranged, the influence of the factor needs to be fully considered, so as to achieve the purposes of effectively slowing down the water flow, retarding the plant seeds and/or the propagules contained in the stagnant water tanks, and promoting the germination and seedling planting of the plant seeds through one or more groups of stagnant water tanks as far as possible.
In fig. 1A, the physicochemical properties of the habitat matrix affect the structure of the matrix and the ability to durably support and hold the stagnant water tank, so when the stagnant water tank is arranged, the physicochemical properties of the habitat matrix (such as salinity, chemical components, moisture, pH, temperature, density, and the like) need to be fully considered; the gradient of the habitat matrix influences the water quantity, the flow speed and the swept range of the water flow, and also influences the mechanical structure of the matrix and the capability of durably supporting and fixing the stagnant water tank, so that the gradient of the habitat matrix needs to be fully considered when the stagnant water tank is arranged.
With reference to fig. 1A, whether the substrate environment stabilization time is matched with the effective retention time of the target plant seeds and/or propagules in the habitat substrate and the time required for germination and seedling colonization directly influences whether the target plant seeds and/or propagules can successfully colonize in the habitat substrate. Therefore, when the water retention tank is arranged, according to the environment condition of the substrate, after the seeds and/or propagules of the target plant are effectively blocked as much as possible to remain in the habitat, the retention time of the seeds and/or propagules of the target plant is prolonged as much as possible to promote successful planting. Therefore, the arrangement of the water stagnation tank is not only beneficial to simply completing one of the staged tasks, but also beneficial to completing the subsequent tasks of planting more critical target plant seeds and/or propagules, and the arrangement of the water stagnation tank is required to be compatible with the long-term effect.
In this embodiment, the water stagnation tank has a structure as shown in fig. 1B, and includes a shallow U-shaped structure with a flat and long bottom edge, and short and upward-tilted two side edges; when the height of the stagnant water tank is determined, the following standards are referenced: after the stagnant water tank is firmly inserted into the wetland habitat, the height of the exposed part can just block plant seeds and/or propagules floating on the surface layer of the water flow; when the width of the stagnant water groove is determined, no special limitation is provided, as long as the width of the stagnant water groove is within the range of the width of water flow in the environment and the range of space in which the stagnant water groove can be placed, and the stagnant water groove is convenient to operate, manage and maintain. Designing and arranging the water stagnation tank, wherein the characteristics of the direction, the water quantity and the flow speed of main water flow in a living environment, the number, the density, the survival period and other factors of seeds contained in the water flow need to be fully considered; preferably, the water retaining grooves are arranged in groups in a staggered and pressed mode so as to increase the actual effect of blocking water flow and plant seeds and/or propagules contained in the water retaining grooves as much as possible; after the water retaining tank is placed, on one hand, the water flow speed can be reduced, and on the other hand, the plant seeds and/or propagules contained in the water flow can be retained, and therefore the plant seeds and/or propagules are promoted to be retained, germinated and planted in a habitat.
With reference to fig. 1A, the lower part of the stagnant water tank is inserted into the substrate soil of the wetland habitat, the inserting depth is proper to ensure the stability of the stagnant water tank, the part of the stagnant water tank inserted into the substrate soil has the function of anchoring the stagnant water tank in the wetland habitat, and the part of the stagnant water tank inserted into the substrate soil is provided with a gap with water permeability so as to be beneficial to keeping the bidirectional smooth communication of water on two sides of the lower part of the stagnant water tank; the upper part of the water retention tank is exposed out of the surface of the substrate, the height of the upper part of the water retention tank exposed out of the surface of the substrate is preferably used for ensuring that the water retention tank can effectively block frequent water flow, and the part of the upper part of the water retention tank exposed out of the surface of the substrate has water impermeability or can prevent the target plant seeds and/or propagules from passing through.
In the present invention, according to the specific target plant species determined in step (1), a suitable material for making the stagnant water tank shown in fig. 1B is selected according to the seed and/or propagule germination and seedling retention time or substrate stabilization time required for seedling colonization, wherein the material is a strong material (such as stainless steel or aluminum alloy or other novel materials with these properties) with corrosion resistance, wind erosion resistance, damage resistance, water flooding resistance and salt leaching resistance, and the stagnant water tank made of the material is capable of ensuring that the stagnant water tank is not damaged by washing or soaking of frequent water flow during the germination and seedling colonization of the target plant seeds and/or propagules.
In this embodiment, the material for manufacturing the water-retaining tank shown in fig. 1B is a material capable of being naturally decomposed, and is a product formed by high-pressure molding of plant straws and other structural or functional auxiliary materials.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 1A, the water retention tanks are arranged in a direction parallel to the contour lines. When the arrangement of a single row and/or a single row of stagnant water grooves is not enough to fully achieve the desired ideal effects of seed retention, germination and seedling planting, a plurality of rows and/or a plurality of rows of stagnant water grooves are arranged along the direction parallel to the contour line so as to improve the ecological function of the seedlings. Wherein said plurality means more than three. The plurality of rows refers to more than three rows.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1A, in the wetland environment, gaps are left between a plurality of stagnant water tanks arranged in a row, and the gaps left between the stagnant water tanks are used for dredging water flow. Gaps among the stagnant water grooves in different rows are not directly opposite, but form dislocation with each other, so that water flow scouring is favorably slowed down, plant seeds carried in water flow are favorably kept, meanwhile, siltation of silt carried in water flow is favorably promoted, and favorable matrix conditions are further created for plant seed germination and seedling planting.
In this embodiment, the step of determining the size of the gap between the water retaining grooves in fig. 1A is: designing a plurality of groups of water stagnation inter-groove gaps according to the flow rate and the speed of the maximum average water flow flowing through the wetland habitat in recent years (such as 10-30 years), comparing the water stagnation effect of a plurality of groups of treatments with the retention effect on plant seeds and/or propagules and silt and the promotion effect on plant seed and/or propagules germination and seedling colonization, and selecting the optimal water stagnation inter-groove gap.
The protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Variations and advantages that may occur to those skilled in the art may be incorporated into the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the inventive concept, and the scope of the appended claims is intended to be protected.
Claims (10)
1. A method for assisting retention, germination and seedling planting of plant seeds and/or propagules in a coastal wetland habitat is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing a scheme for assisting retention, germination and planting of plant seeds and/or propagules of the coastal wetland according to the ecological features of the coastal wetland and the types of target plants;
(2) according to the water quantity, the flow speed, the swept range and the physical and chemical properties and the gradient of a habitat matrix of the water flow which is in regular unidirectional or reciprocating motion in the coastal wetland, and the seed retention time or the matrix stabilization time required by the germination of the target plant seeds and/or propagules and the field planting of seedlings, a totally-closed or semi-closed water retention tank for blocking the water flow and preventing the seeds and/or the propagules and the seedlings from being washed away by the water flow is designed and distributed.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the water retention tank has a shallow U-shaped structure, the bottom edge of the water retention tank is flat and longer than the two side edges of the water retention tank, and the two side edges of the water retention tank are upwarped.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lower part of the stagnant water groove is inserted into the substrate soil of the wetland habitat, and the part of the stagnant water groove inserted into the substrate soil is provided with a gap; the upper part of the water retention tank is exposed out of the surface of the substrate and is required to be ensured to be exposed out of the surface of the water flow in the season of the maximum water flow, the upper part of the water retention tank is exposed out of the surface of the substrate and the height of the surface of the water flow so as to ensure that the water retention tank can effectively block the regular water flow and the plant seeds and/or propagules contained in the water retention tank, and the part of the upper part of the water retention tank exposed out of the surface of the substrate is required to be ensured to prevent the target plant seeds from passing.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the material used to form the stagnant trough is selected according to the specific target plant species determined in step (1) and according to the seed germination and/or the seed retention time or the substrate stabilization time required for seedling colonization, and the stagnant trough formed from the material is designed to ensure that the target plant seed germination and/or seedling colonization is not damaged by frequent water flow washing or soaking.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water retention tank is made of a material that is naturally decomposable.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the stagnant water trough is arranged in a direction parallel to the contour lines; when the arrangement of a single row and/or a single row of stagnant water grooves is not enough to fully achieve the desired ideal effects of seed retention, germination and seedling planting, a plurality of rows and/or a plurality of rows of stagnant water grooves are arranged along the direction parallel to the contour line so as to improve the ecological function of the seedlings.
7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the wetland environment, gaps are reserved among a plurality of stagnant water tanks arranged in a row, and the gaps reserved among the stagnant water tanks are used for dredging water flow; gaps among the stagnant water grooves in different rows are not directly opposite, but are staggered with each other, so that water flow scouring is favorably slowed down, plant seeds and/or propagules carried in water flow are favorably kept, meanwhile, siltation of silt carried in water flow is favorably promoted, and favorable matrix conditions are further created for germination of the plant seeds and/or the propagules and seedling planting.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of sizing the gap between the stagnant water pools comprises: designing a plurality of groups of stagnant water inter-groove gaps according to the flow and the speed of the maximum average water flow flowing through the wetland habitat for the last years, comparing the interception effect of the plurality of groups of treatments on water flow and plant seeds and/or propagules and sediment, and the promotion effect on plant seed and/or propagule germination and seedling planting, and selecting the optimized stagnant water inter-groove gaps.
9. A stagnant water tank is characterized in that the stagnant water tank is shallow U-shaped, the bottom edge of the stagnant water tank is flat and longer than the two side edges, and the two side edges are upwarped.
10. Use of a lagoon according to claim 9 for assisting in retention, germination and seedling set-up of littoral wetland habitat plant seeds and/or propagules according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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| CN202010794758.2A CN112005765A (en) | 2020-08-10 | 2020-08-10 | Method and device for assisting retention, germination and seedling planting of plant seeds and/or propagules in coastal wetland habitat |
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| CN110122154A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2019-08-16 | 滨州学院 | A kind of restorative procedure of shell bank beach degraded wetland |
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| CN105862685A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-08-17 | 国网新疆电力公司疆南供电公司 | Energy dissipation strip type flood discharge device |
| CN208981309U (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2019-06-14 | 浙江大学 | A kind of punched-type protecting film runoff interception structure |
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