CN112004653A - 通过等静压水的双轴取向管状吹塑膜拉伸机器 - Google Patents

通过等静压水的双轴取向管状吹塑膜拉伸机器 Download PDF

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CN112004653A
CN112004653A CN201880092264.0A CN201880092264A CN112004653A CN 112004653 A CN112004653 A CN 112004653A CN 201880092264 A CN201880092264 A CN 201880092264A CN 112004653 A CN112004653 A CN 112004653A
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blown film
water
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阿松·维奇泰莫洛特
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Enzipal Industrial Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B29C48/0018—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with shaping by orienting, stretching or shrinking, e.g. film blowing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C55/28—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of blown tubular films, e.g. by inflation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
    • B29C48/10—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels flexible, e.g. blown foils
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C55/22—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of tubes
    • B29C55/26—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of tubes biaxial
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/92704—Temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/919—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling using a bath, e.g. extruding into an open bath to coagulate or cool the material

Abstract

一种通过等静压水的双轴取向管状吹塑膜拉伸的系统是同时双轴拉伸工艺，被发明用于拉伸具有多相结构的高结晶度管状吹塑膜基材以形成微孔膜基材、特别是用于微孔聚丙烯膜。该系统包括连续的可变速度压辊组、温度控制水箱和水泵单元。连续的可变速度压辊组被用于在机器方向上拉伸管状吹塑膜基材，同时热水被泵入并且限制在管状吹塑膜基材内部，从而在气泡中产生等静压，导致在横向方向上的取向拉伸。

Description

通过等静压水的双轴取向管状吹塑膜拉伸机器
技术领域
本发明涉及通过等静压水的双轴取向管状吹塑膜拉伸机器。
背景技术
通常，具有管状吹塑膜挤出的塑料制品是用于制造商品塑料包装的制品，其中挤出机的圆形模头用于形成聚合物管的厚壁。在此过程中，冷空气被馈送并且截留在聚合物管内，以形成吹塑的膜气泡。充气空气用于拉伸塑料气泡以提供膜的取向。在膜气泡冷却下来后，气泡被塌陷框架和压辊包围以形成薄膜。
同时，吸油膜和食品保鲜膜由双轴取向聚丙烯(BOPP)通过流延膜挤出和双轴拉伸工艺制成，该拉伸工艺沿两个方向(机器方向(MD)和横向方向(TD))进行取向，其中通过挤出机将塑料树脂从平模中挤出到冷却辊上，以淬灭熔融的塑料。然后使淬火的膜通过一系列的辊，该辊被用于减小膜厚度并且产生薄膜。
双轴拉伸工艺是用于拉伸热塑性膜基材的工艺，该热塑性膜基材要么由无定形聚合物制成，要么由半结晶聚合物制成，从而改善了膜性能，例如提高机械强度，尤其是提高拉伸强度，改善光学性能、阻隔性能或渗透性。
当前，双轴拉伸膜，如双轴取向聚丙烯(BOPP)、双轴取向聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(BOPET)和双轴取向聚酰胺(BOPA)被广泛用于柔性包装中，它们几乎是通过拉幅工艺拉伸流延膜产生的。膜经过双轴拉伸的拉幅工艺生产线可以被分为2类：
a)顺序双轴取向拉伸
b)同时双轴取向拉伸。
尽管存在另一种双轴取向拉伸，但是它不使用拉幅机作为拉伸机器，而是双气泡管状吹塑膜拉伸。此工艺非常过时，现在仅存在于由PVC聚合物制成的收缩膜或标签中。与拉幅工艺不同，经历双气泡工艺的基材必须在管状吹塑膜中形成，并且所用聚合物的类型仅限于如上所述的无定形聚合物(如PVC)，一个大气压的空气足以将预热的管状吹塑膜拉伸成气泡，从而将加压空气保持在气泡内，从而导致横向方向抽拉。
然而，在双轴拉伸的特定情况下，具有高结晶度的管状吹塑膜基材和它们的多相结构将被拉伸以形成微孔膜，被限制在内部的压缩空气将从气泡中泄漏出来。
通过全球专利搜寻，存在很多单一工艺来生产塑料膜，例如双轴取向工艺、管状吹塑膜挤出法，它们是以下塑料工业中常用的工艺；美国专利US09/220,983解释了在多层基片中双向拉伸的聚乙烯薄膜的生产，该方法是将一层拉伸到一个方向并用树脂涂覆一个表面，然后在横向方向到机器方向上拉伸基片，美国专利申请US20170001401A1描述了一种用管状吹塑膜模制生产塑料袋的工艺，美国专利申请US3976732A公开了一种用于生产热吹风的工艺和装置，其中原材料在管中生产半流体泡沫，然后引导所述泡沫通过冷却和挤出系统，英国专利申请公开号GB2024702解释了通过增加安装在管的放热部分的自动温度控制单元和温度异常的水龙头来生产性能更好的吹塑膜的系统和方法，所述温度控制单元向阀和冷却环发送信号以便冷却系统的气流，以及公开号为US4447387的美国专利申请描述了一种由热塑性树脂生产吹塑膜的工艺，该工艺进一步促进引入系统的冷空气以提高输出率。
如上面提到的现有技术专利，显然可以理解，现有专利是通过单独使用双轴取向工艺或管状吹塑膜挤出生产薄膜。然而，先前工艺制成的产品是可延展的薄膜，其仅是用于诸如聚氯乙烯(PVC)的无定形聚合物、或保存食品的膜的原材料，但是从所述膜释放的油会污染食品。
然而，根据本发明的膜生产是可拉伸的薄膜生产，像双轴取向工艺、管状吹塑膜挤出，特别是在塑料珠的熔接期间，在吹塑膜中添加稳定的压力流的形式，之前在膜生产圈中不存在的热等静压工艺。
对于后者，吹塑膜得到了更大的扩展，有助于在压缩工艺后的熔融塑料的横向拉伸、更有效、膜的孔更适合用于食品保存行业，并保护膜中释放的油与食品接触，从而发展清洁食品行业。
发明内容
因此，本发明涉及一种通过等静压水的双轴取向管状吹塑膜拉伸机器，其是同时双轴拉伸工艺，被发明用于拉伸具有多相结构的高结晶度管状吹塑膜基材以形成微孔膜基材、特别是用于微孔聚丙烯膜。
本发明中所描述的所述机器包括连续的可变速度压辊组、温度控制水箱和水泵单元。
连续的可变速度压辊组被用于在机器方向上拉伸管状吹塑膜基材，同时热水被泵入并且限制在管状吹塑膜基材内部，从而在气泡中产生等静压，导致在横向方向上的取向拉伸。
综上所述，根据本发明的所述机器是新颖的，因为使用了优于现有技术的多种工艺和技术的组合，即双轴取向、管状吹塑膜挤出和热等静压。根据本发明的利用等静压水的双轴取向管状吹塑膜拉伸机器成为解决存在的问题的唯一可能且有效的解决方案。
附图说明
在说明书附图的图中通过示例而非限制的方式示出了本发明的实施例，说明书附图被包括在内以提供对本发明的进一步的理解以及用于阐述本发明原理，以便可以更全面地了解本发明的原理。在说明书附图中：
图1示意性地示出了通过等静压水的双轴取向管状吹塑膜拉伸的系统的示例。
具体实施方式
因此，本发明涉及一种通过等静压水的双轴取向管状吹塑膜拉伸机器，其是同时双轴拉伸工艺，被发明用于拉伸由具有多相结构的高结晶度聚合物制成的连续管状吹塑膜基材，该多相结构可以被拉伸以形成微孔膜、特别是用于聚丙烯的微孔膜。
根据本发明的双轴取向管状吹塑膜拉伸机器包括多个连续的可变速度压辊组1、2、3、4，温度控制水箱5和水泵单元7。连续的压辊组被用于牵引和拉伸基材膜或气泡，前料辊的向前移动的速度始终比后压辊的前进速度更高，从而导致聚合物链的重排(称为结晶或取向)，其最终长度/原始长度的比例被定义为在机器方向上的抽拉比率，该比率取决于相邻的压辊对的辊速度。
所述机器包括至少4组连续的压辊。第一组压辊1被安装在水箱的外部、优选地被安装在水箱5旁边的顶部上，以馈送入管状吹塑膜。第二组压辊2被安装在水箱5的底部中，在水箱内部，用于拉下管状吹塑膜基材并浸入水中。第三组压辊3以与第二组压辊2相同的中心对齐被安装在水箱5的顶部上。所述第三组3被用于向上拉起膜或气泡。第四组压辊4被安装在第三组压辊3上方，优选地以与第二组压辊2和第三组压辊3相同的中心对齐，用于在将热水泵入气泡的步骤期间拉起拉伸的管状吹塑膜。
在每对压辊之间，第一组1至第二组2，以及第二组2至第三组3，管状吹塑膜基材或气泡在机器方向上被抽拉。同时，横向方向抽拉仅仅在第二组压辊2和第三组压辊3的间隔内发生。热水由至少一组加热器带6加热，该加热器带被联接到水箱5的外部，并且热水被泵送并限制在管状吹塑膜基材内部，以产生等静压气泡，从而导致在两个方向(机器方向和横向方向)上的同时双轴取向拉伸。温度控制水箱5被容纳有温度在50到100摄氏度的加热水，其中，温度控制水箱中最上水位的热水温度比所述水箱5中最下水位的水温高至少5摄氏度。膨胀气泡的最终直径相对于管状吹塑膜的原直径的比例被定义为在横向方向上的抽拉比。抽拉条件如抽拉速度、抽拉温度、以及在机器方向和横向方向上的抽拉比率均取决于聚合物基材结构和最终膜应用。

Claims (9)

1.一种通过等静压水的双轴取向管状吹塑膜拉伸机器，其是同时双轴拉伸工艺，其中待拉伸的基材是连续管状吹塑膜基材，所述系统包括：
-多个连续的可变速度压辊组；
-温度控制水箱(5)；和
-水泵单元(7)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的通过等静压水的双轴取向管状吹塑膜拉伸机器，其中，所述连续的可变速度压辊组包括至少4组可变速度压辊(1)、(2)、(3)、(4)。
3.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的通过等静压水的双轴取向管状吹塑膜拉伸机器，其中，第一组压辊(1)被安装在所述水箱(5)的外部，优选地被安装在所述水箱(5)旁边的顶部上。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的通过等静压水的双轴取向管状吹塑膜拉伸机器，其中，第二组压辊(2)被安装在所述水箱(5)的底部中。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的通过等静压水的双轴取向管状吹塑膜拉伸机器，其中，其中第三组压辊(3)安装在水箱的顶部(5)，第三组压辊(3)以与下面的第二组压辊(2)相同的中心对齐。
6.根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的通过等静压水的双轴取向管状吹塑膜拉伸机器，其中，第四组压辊(4)被安装在所述第三组压辊(3)的上方，优选地以与第二组压辊(2)和第三组压辊(3)相同的中心对齐。
7.根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的通过等静压水的双轴取向管状吹塑膜拉伸机器，其中，所述温度控制水箱(5)的外部与至少一组加热器带(6)联接。
8.根据权利要求1所述的通过等静压水的双轴取向管状吹塑膜拉伸机器，其中，所述温度控制水箱(5)被容纳有温度在50至100摄氏度的加热水。
9.根据权利要求1或8所述的通过等静压水的双轴取向管状吹塑膜拉伸机器，其中，所述温度控制水箱(5)的最上水位的热水温度比所述水箱(5)的最下水位的水温高至少5摄氏度。
CN201880092264.0A 2018-04-10 2018-04-10 通过等静压水的双轴取向管状吹塑膜拉伸机器 Pending CN112004653A (zh)

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